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Elsevier

Elsevier Science

  • Electrochemical Sensor Analysis

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 49
    • Salvador Alegret + 1 more
    • English
    Electrochemical Sensor Analysis (ECSA) presents the recent advances in electrochemical (bio)sensors and their practical applications in real clinical, environment, food and industry related samples, as well as in the safety and security arena. In a single source, it covers the entire field of electrochemical (bio)sensor designs and characterizations. The 38 chapters are grouped in seven sections: 1) Potentiometric sensors, 2) Voltammetric sensors, 3) Electrochemical gas sensors 4) Enzyme-based sensors 5) Affinity biosensors 6) Thick and thin film biosensors and 7) Novel trends. Written by experts working in the diverse technological and scientific fields related to electrochemical sensors, each section provides an overview of a specific class of electrochemical sensors and their applications. This interdisciplinary text will be useful for researchers and professionals alike.

  • Modeling of Chemical Reactions

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 42
    • R.W. Carr
    • English
    Modeling of Chemical Reactions covers detailed chemical kinetics models for chemical reactions. Including a comprehensive treatment of pressure dependent reactions, which are frequently not incorporated into detailed chemical kinetic models, and the use of modern computational quantum chemistry, which has recently become an extraordinarily useful component of the reaction kinetics toolkit. It is intended both for those who need to model complex chemical reaction processes but have little background in the area, and those who are already have experience and would benefit from having a wide range of useful material gathered in one volume. The range of subject matter is wider than that found in many previous treatments of this subject. The technical level of the material is also quite wide, so that non-experts can gain a grasp of fundamentals, and experts also can find the book useful.

  • Computational Theory of Iterative Methods

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 15
    • Ioannis Argyros
    • English
    The book is designed for researchers, students and practitioners interested in using fast and efficient iterative methods to approximate solutions of nonlinear equations. The following four major problems are addressed. Problem 1: Show that the iterates are well defined. Problem 2: concerns the convergence of the sequences generated by a process and the question of whether the limit points are, in fact solutions of the equation. Problem 3: concerns the economy of the entire operations. Problem 4: concerns with how to best choose a method, algorithm or software program to solve a specific type of problem and its description of when a given algorithm succeeds or fails. The book contains applications in several areas of applied sciences including mathematical programming and mathematical economics. There is also a huge number of exercises complementing the theory.

  • Analysis, Removal, Effects and Risk of Pharmaceuticals in the Water Cycle

    Occurrence and Transformation in the Environment
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 62
    • English
    Pharmaceutically active substances are a class of new, so-called "emerging" contaminants that have raised great concern in recent years. Human and veterinary drugs are constantly being introduced into the environment, mainly as a result of the manufacturing process. Over time, this level of chemical input may lead to long-term concentrations and promote continual, but unnoticed adverse effects on aquatic and terrestrial organisms. Analysis, Fate and Removal of Pharmaceuticals in the Water Cycle discusses state-of-the-art analytical methods for trace determination of pharmaceuticals in environmental samples while reviewing the fate and occurrence of pharmaceuticals in the water cycle (elimination in wastewater and drinking water treatment). Focus is given to the newest developments in the treatment technologies, such as membrane bioreactors and advance oxidation processes.

  • Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics

    Transport and Rate Processes in Physical, Chemical and Biological Systems
    • 2nd Edition
    • Yasar Demirel
    • English
    Natural phenomena consist of simultaneously occurring transport processes and chemical reactions. These processes may interact with each other and lead to instabilities, fluctuations, and evolutionary systems. This book explores the unifying role of thermodynamics in natural phenomena. Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics, Second Edition analyzes the transport processes of energy, mass, and momentum transfer processes, as well as chemical reactions. It considers various processes occurring simultaneously, and provides students with more realistic analysis and modeling by accounting possible interactions between them. This second edition updates and expands on the first edition by focusing on the balance equations of mass, momentum, energy, and entropy together with the Gibbs equation for coupled processes of physical, chemical, and biological systems. Every chapter contains examples and practical problems to be solved. This book will be effective in senior and graduate education in chemical, mechanical, systems, biomedical, tissue, biological, and biological systems engineering, as well as physical, biophysical, biological, chemical, and biochemical sciences.

  • Pathways to a Hydrogen Future

    • 1st Edition
    • Thomas E Drennen + 1 more
    • English
    Hydrogen may someday fuel our cars and power and heat our homes and businesses and revolutionize the way we use energy. Moving to a hydrogen economy could help reduce our reliance on foreign oil, improve local air quality, and reduce the risk of climate change. Despite the potential of hydrogen, there is no guarantee that the hydrogen economy will happen as the obstacles are considerable and the competing visions are many. Pathways to a Hydrogen Future seeks to untangle the competing visions of a hydrogen economy, explain the trade-offs and obstacles and offer recommendations for a path forward. The results are based on a detailed simulation model developed at Sandia National Laboratories: "The Hydrogen Futures Simulation Model (H2Sim)". The H2Sim is a high-level strategic tool for evaluating the economic and environmental trade-offs of alternative hydrogen production, storage, transport, and end use options in the year 2020. An executive version of H2Sim is included with the book allowing readers to explore the various scenarios discussed. H2Sim’s ease of use and its ability to provide answers to these types of questions make it a powerful educational and policy making tool. The model's structure is ideal for exploring "what-if" questions, such as: Can fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) compete economically with current cars if the FCVs are 2.5 times as efficient? Should the hydrogen be produced at fueling stations or at central locations and transported to fueling stations?

  • The History of Information Security

    A Comprehensive Handbook
    • 1st Edition
    • Karl Maria Michael de Leeuw + 1 more
    • English
    Information Security is usually achieved through a mix of technical, organizational and legal measures. These may include the application of cryptography, the hierarchical modeling of organizations in order to assure confidentiality, or the distribution of accountability and responsibility by law, among interested parties. The history of Information Security reaches back to ancient times and starts with the emergence of bureaucracy in administration and warfare. Some aspects, such as the interception of encrypted messages during World War II, have attracted huge attention, whereas other aspects have remained largely uncovered. There has never been any effort to write a comprehensive history. This is most unfortunate, because Information Security should be perceived as a set of communicating vessels, where technical innovations can make existing legal or organisational frame-works obsolete and a breakdown of political authority may cause an exclusive reliance on technical means.This book is intended as a first field-survey. It consists of twenty-eight contributions, written by experts in such diverse fields as computer science, law, or history and political science, dealing with episodes, organisations and technical developments that may considered to be exemplary or have played a key role in the development of this field.These include: the emergence of cryptology as a discipline during the Renaissance, the Black Chambers in 18th century Europe, the breaking of German military codes during World War II, the histories of the NSA and its Soviet counterparts and contemporary cryptology. Other subjects are: computer security standards, viruses and worms on the Internet, computer transparency and free software, computer crime, export regulations for encryption software and the privacy debate.

  • Science and Technology in Catalysis

    5th Tokyo Conference on Advanced Catalytic Science and Technology
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 172
    • K Eguchi + 2 more
    • English
    Unsteady-state operations of catalytic reactors provide plentiful opportunities for research and commercial realization of efficient heterogeneous catalytic processes. Forced unsteady state conditions generate unique distributions of process parameters and catalyst states often unattainable with traditional, steady-state operation. The unsteady-states can be created by periodic changes in input flow parameters, such as changes in inlet temperature and composition, catalyst circulation through reaction and regeneration zones, or periodic flow reversals through fixed catalyst bed. This can result in increased productivity, selectivity, capital savings and operating cost reduction (higher energy efficiency). Efficient environmental technologies for treatment of toxic emissions, acid rain and greenhouse gas emissions can also be developed using the unsteady-state concept. The Proceedings communicate recent progress in these areas of research and promote future development. The aims are to establish relations between academia, industry, engineers and scientists from all over the world, to stimulate new catalytic technologies as well as fundamental research, and to create new concepts for the development of effective catalytic systems. It presents the most up-to-date research in catalysis.

  • Nanosilicon

    • 1st Edition
    • Vijay Kumar
    • Vijay Kumar
    • English
    Properties of nanosilicon in the form of nanoparticles, nanowires, nanotubes, and as porous material are of great interest. They can be used in finding suitable components for future miniature devices, and for the more exciting possibilities of novel optoelectronic applications due to bright luminescence from porous silicon, nanoparticles and nanowires. New findings from research into metal encapsulated clusters, silicon fullerenes and nanotubes have opened up a new paradigm in nanosilicon research and this could lead to large scale production of nanoparticles with control on size and shape as well as novel quasi one-dimensional structures. There are possibilities of using silicon as an optical material and in the development of a silicon laser. In Nanosilicon, leading experts cover state-of-the-art experimental and theoretical advances in the different forms of nanosilicon. Furthermore, applications of nanosilicon to single electron transistors, as photonic material, chemical and biological sensors at molecular scale, and silicon nanowire devices are also discussed. Self-assemblies of silicon nanoforms are important for applications. These developments are also related to cage structures of silicon in clathrates. With an interesting focus on the bottlenecks in the advancement of silicon based technology, this book provides a much-needed overview of the current state of understanding of nanosilicon research.

  • Introduction to Zeolite Molecular Sieves

    • 3rd Edition
    • Volume 168
    • Jiri Cejka + 3 more
    • English
    Introduction to Zeolite Molecular Sieves, 3rd Edition presents a collection of the most important results and ideas in the field of molecular sieve chemistry and technology, the most important experimental techniques related to the research activities in molecular sieves, and identifies new areas of molecular sieve chemistry. Chapters start at a reasonably simple entry level, but also covers the present state-of-the-art in the field. Topics covered include structure, synthesis, characterization, ion exchange, adsorption, diffusion, separations, and natural zeolites.

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