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Academic Press

    • Applied Fuzzy Systems

      • 1st Edition
      • Toshiro Terano + 2 more
      • English
      Applied Fuzzy Systems provides information pertinent to the fundamental aspects of fuzzy systems theory and its application. This book discusses the development of high-level artificial intelligence and information processing systems, as well as the realization of fuzzy computers. Organized into six chapters, this book begins with an overview of the fundamental problems addressed by fuzzy systems. This text then reviews standard computer logic or two-valued Boolean algebra. Other chapters consider bus scheduling, evaluation of structural reliability, applications of schema systems for decision-making, and processing of natural-language information and systems for medical diagnosis as examples of fuzzy expert systems. This book discusses as well a practical fuzzy expert system for durability evaluations of reinforced concrete slabs for bridges, along with an example of application. The final chapter deals with the important parts of the construction of fuzzy computers, their architecture, and the outlook for the future. This book is a valuable resource for engineers, mathematicians, technicians, and research workers.

    • Stochastic Economics

      Stochastic Processes, Control, and Programming
      • 1st Edition
      • Gerhard Tintner + 1 more
      • English
      Stochastic Economics: Stochastic Processes, Control, and Programming presents some aspects of economics from a stochastic or probabilistic point of view. The application of stochastic processes to the theory of economic development, stochastic control theory, and various aspects of stochastic programming is discussed. Comprised of four chapters, this book begins with a short survey of the stochastic view in economics, followed by a discussion on discrete and continuous stochastic models of economic development. The next chapter focuses on methods of stochastic control and their application to dynamic economic models, with emphasis on those aspects connected especially with the theory of quantitative economic policy. Some basic operational problems of applying stochastic control, particularly in economic systems and organizations for problems such as dynamic resource allocation, growth planning, and economic coordination are considered. The last chapter is devoted to stochastic programming, paying particular attention to the decision rule theory of operations research under the chance-constrained model and a method of incorporating reliability measures into a systems reliability model. This book will be of interest to economists, statisticians, applied mathematicians, operations researchers, and systems engineers.

    • Stochastic Modelling of Social Processes

      • 1st Edition
      • Andreas Diekmann + 1 more
      • English
      Stochastic Modelling of Social Processes provides information pertinent to the development in the field of stochastic modeling and its applications in the social sciences. This book demonstrates that stochastic models can fulfill the goals of explanation and prediction. Organized into nine chapters, this book begins with an overview of stochastic models that fulfill normative, predictive, and structural–analytic roles with the aid of the theory of probability. This text then examines the study of labor market structures using analysis of job and career mobility, which is one of the approaches taken by sociologists in research on the labor market. Other chapters consider the characteristic trends and patterns from data on divorces. This book discusses as well the two approaches of stochastic modeling of social processes, namely competing risk models and semi-Markov processes. The final chapter deals with the practical application of regression models of survival data. This book is a valuable resource for social scientists and statisticians.

    • Pascal-SC

      A Computer Language for Scientific Computation
      • 1st Edition
      • Gerd Bohlender + 2 more
      • Werner Rheinboldt + 1 more
      • English
      Perspectives in Computing, Vol. 17: Pascal-SC: A Computer Language for Scientific Computation focuses on the application of Pascal-SC, a programming language developed as an extension of standard Pascal, in scientific computation. The publication first elaborates on the introduction to Pascal-SC, a review of standard Pascal, and real floating-point arithmetic. Discussions focus on optimal scalar product, standard functions, real expressions, program structure, simple extensions, real floating-point arithmetic, vector and matrix arithmetic, and dynamic arrays. The text then examines functions and operators with arbitrary result types and solving problems with Pascal-SC. The book ponders on strings and text processing, dynamic arrays, and modules. Topics include declaration and use of modules, compatibility of static and dynamic arrays, dynamic result types of functions and operators, strings in procedures, functions, and operators, and declaration of string variables. The publication is a dependable reference for computer science experts and researchers interested in the application of Pascal-SC in scientific computation.

    • Theory and Application of Special Functions

      Proceedings of an Advanced Seminar Sponsored by the Mathematics Research Center, the University of Wisconsin-Madison, March 31-April 2, 1975
      • 1st Edition
      • Richard Askey
      • English
      Theory and Application of Special Functions contains the proceedings of the Advanced Seminar on Special Functions sponsored by the Mathematics Research Center of the University of Wisconsin-Madison and held from March 31 to April 2, 1975. The seminar tackled the theory and application of special functions and covered topics ranging from the asymptotic estimation of special functions to association schemes and coding theory. Some interesting results, conjectures, and problems are given. Comprised of 13 chapters, this book begins with a survey of computational methods in special functions, followed by a discussion on unsolved problems in the asymptotic estimation of special functions. The reader is then introduced to periodic Bernoulli numbers, summation formulas, and applications; problems and prospects for basic hypergeometric functions; and linear growth models with many types and multidimensional Hahn polynomials. Subsequent chapters explore two-variable analogues of the classical orthogonal polynomials; special functions of matrix and single argument in statistics; and some properties of the determinants of orthogonal polynomials. This monograph is intended primarily for students and practitioners of mathematics.

    • Ordinary Differential Equations

      • 1st Edition
      • Richard K Miller + 1 more
      • English
      Ordinary Differential Equations is an outgrowth of courses taught for a number of years at Iowa State University in the mathematics and the electrical engineering departments. It is intended as a text for a first graduate course in differential equations for students in mathematics, engineering, and the sciences. Although differential equations is an old, traditional, and well-established subject, the diverse backgrounds and interests of the students in a typical modern-day course cause problems in the selection and method of presentation of material. In order to compensate for this diversity, prerequisites have been kept to a minimum and the material is covered in such a way as to be appealing to a wide audience. The book contains eight chapters and begins with an introduction the subject and a discussion of some important examples of differential equations that arise in science and engineering. Separate chapters follow on the fundamental theory of linear and nonlinear differential equations; linear boundary value problems; Lyapunov stability theory; and perturbations of linear systems. Subsequent chapters deal with the Poincare-Bendixson theory and with two-dimensional van der Pol type equations; and periodic solutions of general order systems.

    • Microeconomics

      A Modern Treatment
      • 1st Edition
      • R. Shone
      • Karl Shell
      • English
      Microeconomics: A Modern Treatment focuses on modern approaches to microeconomics. Alternative systems are discussed including input-output analysis as against neoclassical production theory. The theory of choice and the preference and utility approaches to consumer theory are also considered, along with linear and nonlinear theories of production, the theory of market demand and supply, and welfare economics. Comprised of 11 chapters, this book begins with an introduction to economic science and its propositions, as well as the importance of establishing a clearly defined set of postulates on which the whole edifice of economic knowledge rests. The discussion then turns to the theory of choice and the preference and utility approaches to consumer theory; neoclassical as opposed to modern consumer choice; production theory and the production set of the economy; and the theory of market demand and supply. Subsequent chapters deal with the theory of exchange and general equilibrium; welfare economics; and stability and introductory dynamics. This monograph will be of value to economists and those interested in microeconomics.

    • The Shanidar Neandertals

      • 1st Edition
      • Erik Trinkaus
      • English
      The Shanidar Neandertals describes the functional morphology of the Neanderthals and their place in human evolution based on a paleontological study of fossils discovered at Shanidar Cave in northeastern Iraq. Functional interpretations are provided that describe and discuss the individual fossils. The phylogenetic implications of the Shanidar specimens are also discussed. Comprised of 14 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the Neanderthal remains from the Shanidar Cave and the paleontological data obtained from the fossils. The discussion then turns to the history of the excavations in Shanidar Cave and the discoveries of the Neanderthals; morphometrics of the Shanidar remains; and determination of the age and sex of the Shanidar Neanderthals. Subsequent chapters focus on various aspects of the Neanderthal fossils, including the cranial and mandibular remains; the dental remains; the axial skeleton; and the upper and lower limb remains. The immature remains are also described, along with bodily proportions and the estimation of stature. This monograph will be of interest to archaeologists, anthropologists, paleontologists, and paleopathologists.

    • Guitarrero Cave

      Early Man in the Andes
      • 1st Edition
      • Thomas F. Lynch
      • English
      Guitarrero Cave: Early Man in the Andes is a product of the environmental approach to archeology that had its beginnings in postwar Britain. Guitarrero Cave is a key site for reconstructing the way of life of the early inhabitants of South America and the survey results about the cave demonstrate the long history, continuity, and even conservatism that characterize Andean culture. This book is organized into four parts encompassing 12 chapters. Part I describes the stratigraphy, chronology, setting, and excavation activities of the cave. This part also presents the results of pollen and paleoenthnobotanical analysis, along with the vegetation and land use near Guitarrero Cave. The subsequent parts explore the plant and faunal remains, as well as the archaeological findings, specifically the bone, wood tools, cordage, basketry, and textiles of ancient Andes settlers. The last part examines Guitarrero cave in its Andean Context. This book will be of value to archaeologists, anthropologists, historians, and researchers.

    • Amino Acids and Derivatives

      The Biochemistry of Plants
      • 1st Edition
      • B. J. Miflin
      • English
      The Biochemistry of Plants: A Comprehensive Treatise, Volume 5: Amino Acids and Derivatives provides information pertinent to the fundamental aspects of plant biochemistry relating to the metabolism of amino acids with emphasis on amino acids present in proteins. This book discusses the metabolism of sulfur and nitrogen from the inorganic sources available to plants through their incorporation into organic compounds. Organized into 17 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of some aspects of the biochemistry of symbiotic nitrogen fixation. This text then examines the ultrastructure and metabolism of the developing nodule with particular emphasis on interactions between the host legumes and the bacterial symbiont. Other chapters consider the characteristics of the enzymes involved in nitrate and nitrite reduction. The final chapter deals with the essential roles of amino acids and other soluble nitrogenous compounds in plant metabolism. This book is a valuable resource for plant biochemists, neurobiochemists, molecular biologists, senior graduate students, and research workers.

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