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Elsevier

Academic Press

  • Food Engineering

    Principals And Selected Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • Matcel Loncin
    • English
    Food Engineering: Principles and Selected Applications explores the principles of food engineering that are needed for resolving problems of food processing and preservation. This book is divided into 11 chapters that provide numerous effective examples and discussions of unique aspects of the food industry, which utilize these principles. This book discusses first the boiling heat transfer and the multi-effect principle for evaporators, as well as the application of this principle to the special problems involved in evaporation of liquid foods. The subsequent chapters cover the principles of fluid dynamics and axial dispersion. The discussion then shifts to the effect of residence-time distribution on continuous sterilization processes. The concluding chapters examine the concepts of water activity and its effect upon various reactions important to food processing and quality. This book is intended for both students and practicing food engineers and technologists.

  • Catalysis in Organic syntheses 1977

    • 1st Edition
    • Gerard Smith
    • English
    Catalysis in Organic Syntheses 1977 is a collection of papers presented at the Sixth Conference on Catalysis in Organic Syntheses, held in Boston by the Organic Reactions Catalysis Society on May 10-11, 1976. This book contains 15 chapters that specifically consider the homogeneous and heterogeneous aspects of catalysis. The chapters are organized to deal with a specific catalytic reaction, the catalysts used, and the effect of selected process parameters. This text considers the hydrogenation, aromatic, hydrogenolysis, selective oxidation, substitution, and hydroformylation reactions. The concluding chapter describes syntheses and reaction of various organic compounds, with particular emphasis on the reactions with carbon tetrachloride and other perhalomethanes. This book will be of benefit to organic chemists and researchers.

  • The Biological Fractionation of Isotopes

    • 1st Edition
    • Eric Galimov
    • English
    The Biological Fractionation of Isotopes focuses on the biological fractionation of isotopes and presents calculations of the thermodynamic isotopic beta factor for polyatomic carbon compounds. This book provides experimental and theoretical evidence of the phenomenon of thermodynamically ordered distribution of isotopes in biological systems. This book consists of 12 chapters and opens with an overview of the causes of fractionation of isotopes, along with concepts such as isotopic composition and isotopic effects. The discussion then turns to the isotopic composition of the carbon of organisms; a method of calculating the thermodynamic isotopic factors of polyatomic compounds; and results of experimental investigations of intermolecular and intramolecular isotopic effects. A theoretical model of biological fractionation of isotopes is also described. The following chapters explore the regularities of the biological distribution of isotopes and present the results of some biochemical experiments, including the enzymatic decarboxylation of pyruvate and microbiological oxidation of ethanol to acetic acid. In addition, the geologic aspects of thermodynamically ordered isotopic distributions in biological products are analyzed. This monograph will be of interest to biologists, geochemists, analytical chemists, and geologists.

  • Structure and Metabolic Mechanisms

    • 1st Edition
    • Walter Lovenberg
    • English
    Iron-Sulfur Proteins, Volume III: Structure and Metabolic Mechanisms focuses on numerous advances that have been made in the vital role of iron-sulfur proteins in biological processes. Of the 10 chapters in this book, five chapters present advances in biochemical areas and the other five chapters discuss some of the elegant physical studies made. This book begins with a description of the nitrogenase gene and the molecular mechanism of this complex enzyme. It then centers on the role of iron-sulfur proteins in mammalian mitochondrial function, as well as on the mechanism of biosynthesis and the function of these proteins in formate metabolism. Different approaches that have yielded advances in the understanding of the iron-sulfur clusters are also shown. This book also gives an in-depth discussion on the theoretical aspects of the redox properties of iron-sulfur proteins.

  • Phytochemicals in Plant Cell Cultures

    • 1st Edition
    • Indra K. Vasil
    • English
    Cell Culture and Somatic Cell Genetics of Plants, Volume 5: Phytochemicals in Plant Cell Cultures provides comprehensive coverage of the wide variety of laboratory procedures used in plant cell culture, fundamental aspects of cell growth and nutrition, and plant regeneration and variability. This book consists of five main topics—phenylpropano... naphthoquinones, and anthraquinones; mevalonates; alkaloids; glucosinolates, polyacetylenes, and lipids; and biologically active compounds. This publication specifically discusses the coumarins in crown gall tumors, natural occurrence of bufadienolides, and accumulation of protoberberine alkaloids. The flavor production in tissue cultures of allium species and callus cultures derived from carrot root explants is also reviewed. This volume is valuable to experienced researchers and those newly entering the field of plant cell and tissue culture.

  • The Role of Selenium in Nutrition

    • 1st Edition
    • Gerald F. Jr. Combs
    • English
    The Role of Selenium in Nutrition reviews the most pertinent scientific literature dealing with the basic aspects of the present understanding of the roles of selenium (Se) in nutrition and health. The book begins with a general discussion of Se, covering its various forms, chemistry and physical properties, and techniques for Se analysis. This is followed by separate chapters on the environmental aspects of Se, including its presence in mineral deposits, soils, water, air, and uptake by plants; Se contents of human foods and animal feedstuffs; biological utilization of dietary Se; and absorption, excretion, metabolism, and tissue concentrations of Se. Subsequent chapters deal with the biochemical functions of Se; Se-related diseases of animals and livestock; the role of Se in human health and in support of normal immune function and disease resistance; and the relationship of Se and cancer. The final chapter reviews the evidence concerning the toxicity of Se compounds and sets this in perspective with current knowledge of the roles of Se in nutrition and health, and of the normal exposures of animals and humans to Se compounds.

  • Flow Visualization

    • 1st Edition
    • Wolfgang Merzkirch
    • English
    Flow Visualization describes the most widely used methods for visualizing flows. Flow visualization evaluates certain properties of a flow field directly accessible to visual perception. Organized into five chapters, this book first presents the methods that create a visible flow pattern that could be investigated by visual inspection, such as simple dye and density-sensitive visualization methods. It then deals with the application of electron beams and streaming birefringence. Optical methods for compressible flows, hydraulic analogy, and high-speed photography are discussed in other chapters. With appropriate flow pictures, this book tries to distinguish the various methods and the range of their applicability by outlining the physical principles on which each method is based.

  • From Gene to Protein: Translation into Biotechnology

    • 1st Edition
    • Fazal Ahmad
    • English
    From Gene to Protein: Translation into Biotechnology is the 15th volume in the continuing series under the title ""Miami Winter Symposia"". The theme of the symposium is the translation of the basic research findings into the practical application of biotechnology. This book summarizes methodology and its applications that lie behind the practical innovations. The book starts with reviews of techniques of eukaryotic cell culture, hybridoma technology and uses, and the in vitro synthesis of DNA and its use in the generation of protein analogs. Considerable space is devoted to development of monoclonal antibodies that promises to be the dominating tool of medical technology, both for diagnosis and therapy. Cloning into eukaryotic cells and methods of increasing the levels of gene expression are included. These topics reflect areas of intensive research that have important commercial and clinical value. Core chapters describe biological activities of cloned gene products, including reports on trials with human subjects of interferon, human insulin, and growth hormone. A panel session on horizons in biotechnology is also provided, looking forward to the directions of future research and its applications. Biotechnologists, cell biologists, scientists, researchers, teachers, and students will greatly benefit from this book.

  • Avian Biology

    • 1st Edition
    • Donald S. Farner + 2 more
    • English
    Written by international experts from many disciplines, this multi-volume treatise is a comprehensive survey of the established data and principles of avian biology. The volumes thoroughly review knowledge of the 8600 living species of birds-knowledge resulting from advances in instrumentation and technology and improved transportation facilities that permit more detailed, far-ranging field studies than ever before. The emphasis is on the significance of avian biological research to such areas of biology as ethology, ecology, population biology, evolutionary biology, and physiological ecology.

  • Challenging Problems in Organic Reaction Mechanisms

    • 1st Edition
    • Darshan Ranganathan
    • English
    Challenging Problems in Organic Reaction Mechanisms explores the problems encountered in the study of the various facets of organic chemistry, including syntheses, reactions, reagents, and reaction mechanisms. Each problem describes the starting material, the conditions of the reaction, and the product, followed by the reference to the original publication. This permits the reader to solve the problem independently and then compare the results with those presented in the literature. The example problems are arranged in such a manner that each page is balanced. The utility of this collection has been enhanced by inclusion of, first, a ""compound index"" which allows rapid identification of rearrangements associated with a specific substrate; second, a ""reaction-type index"" which unifies reactions associated with a particular transition state and brings into focus the usefulness of Woodward-Hoffman notations in understanding bond formation and cleavage; and, finally, a ""problem classification index"". This work is of great value to organic chemists and researchers and organic chemistry teachers and students.

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