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Elsevier

Academic Press

  • Neurobiology of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

    • 1st Edition
    • Eric A. Storch + 2 more
    • English
    Neurobiology of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder provides a comprehensive review of obsessive-compulsive disorder through a neurobiological lens, offering invaluable insights for researchers and clinicians alike. The book begins with a comprehensive introduction to OCD, detailing its definition, historical perspectives, prevalence, and symptomatology, alongside its comorbidities and associated disorders. Delving into the genetic and familial aspects, the book examines genetic predispositions, heritability, and significant genome-wide association studies. In addition, it addresses neuropsychological findings, cognitive dysfunctions, and implications for treatment, alongside neurodevelopmental factors, including early life stress, immune system dysregulation, and environmental risk factors.Special attention is given to PANDAS/PANS as mechanisms of OCD pathogenesis and the insights gained from animal models. Subsequent chapters cover diagnosis, pharmacological treatments, and a range of psychotherapeutic and behavioral interventions, including CBT, ERP, and ACT, as well as neuromodulation techniques. Finally, the book presents neurobiology-informe... treatment approaches, personalized medicine, and integrative strategies, concluding with discussions on current challenges, ethical considerations, and future research directions.

  • Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Bone

    From Model to Patient
    • 1st Edition
    • Luis Cardoso + 2 more
    • English
    Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Bone: From Model to Patient provides readers with a comprehensive overview of the modelling and assessment of bone biomechanics. It addresses topics such as biosubstitutes and bone implants from the point of view of design, properties, computational modeling, and choice of biomaterials. It concentrates on the biomechanics and mechanobiology modeling approaches of bone, including biological models, multiphysical approaches, surface and volumetric growth models, and bone fluid flow models. This is augmented by case studies and examples of models for computer-aided diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of bone diseases. Readers are introduced to bone physiology, adaptation, and disease, including cellular aspects at the root of bone mechanotransduction and leading to bone growth and remodeling, and management of diseases. Chapters also cover the mechanical, multiphysical multiscale properties of bone and constitutive laws including bone viscoelasticity, poroelasticity, bone damage, fatigue and fracture, as well as measurement techniques of bone properties.

  • Machine Learning Solutions for Inverse Problems: Part B

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 27
    • English
    Machine Learning Solutions for Inverse Problems: Part B, Volume 27 in the Handbook of Numerical Analysis, continues the exploration of emerging approaches at the intersection of machine learning and inverse problem theory. This volume presents a collection of chapters addressing a wide range of contemporary topics, including deep image prior methods for computed tomography, data-consistent learning strategies, and unified frameworks for training and inversion in machine learning-based reconstruction methods. Additional chapters examine learned regularization techniques, generative models for inverse problems, and the integration of deep learning with traditional computational frameworks such as full waveform inversion and PDE-based inverse modeling.The volume also discusses advances in self-supervised learning, data selection strategies, plug-and-play denoising methods, and diffusion models for solving imaging inverse problems. Further contributions explore neural network representations, operator learning, and learned iterative schemes, along with theoretical perspectives on stability, approximation hardness, hallucinations, and trustworthiness in AI-driven inverse problem methodologies.

  • Mountain Diversity

    Dynamics of High‑Altitude Environments
    • 1st Edition
    • Robert Marchant
    • English
    Mountain Diversity: Dynamics of High-Altitude Environments explores the highly biodiverse, culturally rich, and often threatened mountain regions that comprise a quarter of the world’s continental land surface. Mountains cover only 25% of global continental land surface yet are home to more than 85% of the world’s amphibians, birds, and mammals, many of which are entirely restricted to mountains. Despite their importance as stores of biodiversity and drivers of global sustainability, mountains are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change and how these interact with human populations and their livelihoods.Written by a leading expert in tropical mountain ecology, this book explores the processes that define the world’s high-altitude areas in an easily digestible manner. Prof. Marchant collates paleoecological, archaeological, historical, and contemporary insights on mountain functioning to synthesize the interactions between mountain societies, ecosystems, and environments. Many mountain ranges remain completely unprotected despite their importance as storehouses of biodiversity and providing goods and services to the world, not least water, food and energy. Mountains are under increasing threat via population growth, climatic extremes, and land use changes. This book provides insight to what underpins current biodiversity across the world’s mountains and uses this information to identify priorities for new ways to understand, value, protect, and conserve mountain areas for future generations.

  • Dairy 4.0

    Revolutionizing the Dairy Sector Through Industry 4.0 Technologies
    • 1st Edition
    • Abderrahmane Aït Kaddour + 1 more
    • English
    Dairy 4.0: Revolutionizing the Dairy Sector Through Industry 4.0 Technologies explores how cutting-edge technologies like artificial intelligence, big data, smart sensors, 3D printing, blockchain, and digital twins can drive the future of dairy. The book provides a thorough understanding of Industry 4.0 technologies and their applications, promoting sustainability through improved resource efficiency, waste reduction, and environmental impact. The book also offers practical insights and case studies demonstrating the impact of technology on dairy quality, safety, and traceability. Challenges such as high initial costs, data security concerns, technological integration complexities, regulatory and ethical issues, and resistance to change are addressed.Users will find this to be a resource that stimulates innovation by showcasing the latest research and developments, thus fostering a culture of continuous improvement. The book explores opportunities and hurdles, providing insights to drive the industry's transformation and helping to create conducive regulatory environments for technological adoption.

  • Aging and the Kidney

    Mechanisms, Consequences, and Management Strategies
    • 1st Edition
    • Stephen Fadem + 2 more
    • English
    Aging and the Kidney: Possible Mechanisms, Consequences, and Management Strategies explores the connection between kidney health and overall well-being with increasing age and longevity. The first part examines histological, structural, physiological, and functional changes that contribute to age-related declines in kidney function. The role of nutrition and proteomics is also discussed. The second part examines the functional decline in elderly patients and includes subparts on impaired quality of life, sleep quality, fall risk, frailty, depression, and sarcopenia. It also considers unique features of hypertension, diabetes, glomerulonephritis, and peripheral vascular disease.The final part focuses on diagnostic, management, and prevention strategies. Common myths about chronic kidney disease in the elderly are addressed, with particular attention to how a solitary kidney in living donors ages over time. In addition, kidney function and its relationship to neurologic complications, cancers, and cardiovascular disease are explained, along with current treatment approaches, medications, and future directions in the care of elderly patients.

  • Environmental Turbulence

    From Fundamental Physics to Critical Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • Elie Bou-Zeid + 1 more
    • English
    Environmental Turbulence: From Fundamental Physics to Critical Applications explains how to understand environmental and geophysical turbulence, both at a theoretical level and in engineering applications. Sections cover the effects of these new features on the fundamental flow dynamics in relatively simple domains. That is, how the turbulence statistics and structure are modified by the stabilizing or destabilizing effects of buoyancy and rotation is surveyed. Scalar transport is also described in detail. Flow in more complex domains is then described, focusing on vegetated and urban canopies, wind farms, air-sea interfaces, the upper ocean and clouds.Turbulence in environmental media is strongly modulated by buoyancy forces at all scales and by rotation at the largest scales, in contrast to canonical turbulent flows. It is rarely steady, which can give rise to non-equilibrium effects, and the domains such as wind farms or cities are often quite complex, leading to more intricate dynamics than in classic wall-bounded or free shear flows.

  • Advances in Biosystems

    • 1st Edition
    • Xiaoli Li + 2 more
    • English
    Advances in Biosystems investigates the latest techniques for evaluating, detecting, measuring, and enhancing the functional bioactivities, chemical composition, and physicochemical characteristics of animal, plant, and environmental biosystems. This comprehensive, interdisciplinary handbook provides detailed explanations for tracking functional molecules during various biological processes, along with practical methodologies for both laboratory and industrial applications. Sections cover cellular biosystems advances, including single-cell microsystems and tissue system biology of plants and animals, alongside biomass microsystems and agricultural biosystems advances, exploring innovations in animal, plant, and crop biosystems, as well as food hydrocolloids and biotechnological advancements.Additio... content addresses environmental biosystems, discussing colloidal biosystems, nano and micro-biosystems, chemical toxicology, eco-friendly biosystems, and green chemistry, pharmaceutical biosystems, highlighting medical biosystems, human cellular metabolomics, nutrigenomics, and precision medicine applications. A final section presents in-depth analytical methods for tracking these various biosystems, including high-throughput technologies, deep learning, machine learning, bioinformatics models, and spectroscopic and sensor-based techniques.

  • Advances in Parasitology

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 133
    • English
    This volume brings together critical insights into the biology, epidemiology, and diagnostics of major parasitic threats to both veterinary and human health. Chapter One explores the complex world of equine cyathostomins, addressing their lifecycle, clinical manifestations such as acute larval cyathostominosis, immune interactions, and the challenges posed by widespread anthelmintic resistance. Building upon the necessity for precise diagnostic tools, Chapter Two shifts the focus to human health, re-evaluating soil-transmitted helminth diagnostics in the genomic era. The authors highlight how unaddressed genetic diversity in diagnostic target regions can compromise traditional and molecular tools like qPCR, risking "diagnostic escape," and advocate for integrating whole-genome sequencing and nemabiome approaches into public health surveillance. Finally, Chapter Three provides a comprehensive, One Health-driven synthesis on zoonotic sarcocystosis, addressing how Sarcocystis species cross ecological boundaries between wildlife, livestock, companion animals, and humans.

  • Swarm Robotics Solutions for National Security and Marine Forensics

    • 1st Edition
    • Adarsh Kumar + 3 more
    • English
    Swarm Robotics Solutions for National Security and Marine Forensics explores the cutting-edge applications of swarm robotics in safeguarding national security and advancing marine forensics. This book delves into the innovative use of collaborative robotic systems inspired by nature, where multiple autonomous agents work together seamlessly to address complex challenges. From enhancing surveillance and reconnaissance capabilities for national defence to revolutionizing marine forensic investigations, this comprehensive guide highlights the transformative impact of swarm robotics on critical domains. A must-read for researchers, practitioners, and enthusiasts in robotics, artificial intelligence, and security, this book illuminates the future possibilities of swarm robotics in shaping a safer and more secure world.

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