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Elsevier

Books in Physical sciences and engineering

  • The Illustrated Network

    How TCP/IP Works in a Modern Network
    • 2nd Edition
    • Walter Goralski
    • English
    The Illustrated Network: How TCP/IP Works in a Modern Network, Second Edition presents an illustrated explanation on how TCP/IP works, using consistent examples from a working network configuration that includes servers, routers and workstations. Diagnostic traces allow the reader to follow the discussion with unprecedented clarity and precision. True to its title, there are 330+ diagrams and screenshots, as well as topology diagrams and a unique repeating chapter opening diagram. Illustrations are also used as end-of-chapter questions. Based on examples of a complete and modern network, all the material comes from real objects connected and running on the network. The book emphasizes the similarities across all networks, since all share similar components, from the smallest LAN to the global internet. Layered protocols are the rule, and all hosts attached to the Internet run certain core protocols to enable their applications to function properly. This second edition includes updates throughout, along with four completely new chapters that introduce developments that have occurred since the publication of the first edition, including optical networking, cloud concepts and VXLAN.

  • Nanostructures for Cancer Therapy

    • 1st Edition
    • Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu + 1 more
    • English
    Nanostructures for Cancer Therapy discusses the available preclinical and clinical nanoparticle technology platforms and their impact on cancer therapy, including current trends and developments in the use of nanostructured materials in chemotherapy and chemotherapeutics. In particular, coverage is given to the applications of gold nanoparticles and quantum dots in cancer therapies. In addition to the multifunctional nanomaterials involved in the treatment of cancer, other topics covered include nanocomposites that can target tumoral cells and the release of antitumoral therapeutic agents. The book is an up-to-date overview that covers the inorganic and organic nanostructures involved in the diagnostics and treatment of cancer.

  • Designing Plastic Parts for Assembly

    • 8th Edition
    • Paul A. Tres
    • English
    For over 22 years, “Designing Plastic Parts for Assembly” has been the definitive guide for both seasoned part designers and novices to the field, facilitating cost-effective design decisions and ensuring that the plastic parts and products will stand up under use.The detailed yet simplified discussion of material selection, manufacturing techniques, and assembly procedures enables the reader to evaluate plastic materials and design plastic parts with confidence. Good joint design and implementation, the geometry and nature of the component parts, the types of load involved, and other fundamental information necessary for a successful outcome are all included. Throughout, the treatment is practice-oriented and focused on everyday problems and situations.The 8th edition introduces a completely new chapter on fasteners, including discussion and evaluation of thread forming and thread cutting screws, with accompanying examples. New case histories in the fields of elasticity and annular snap fits that illustrate the hazardous consequences of inadequate part design are also included.

  • Group and Crowd Behavior for Computer Vision

    • 1st Edition
    • Vittorio Murino + 3 more
    • English
    Group and Crowd Behavior for Computer Vision provides a multidisciplinary perspective on how to solve the problem of group and crowd analysis and modeling, combining insights from the social sciences with technological ideas in computer vision and pattern recognition. The book answers many unresolved issues in group and crowd behavior, with Part One providing an introduction to the problems of analyzing groups and crowds that stresses that they should not be considered as completely diverse entities, but as an aggregation of people. Part Two focuses on features and representations with the aim of recognizing the presence of groups and crowds in image and video data. It discusses low level processing methods to individuate when and where a group or crowd is placed in the scene, spanning from the use of people detectors toward more ad-hoc strategies to individuate group and crowd formations. Part Three discusses methods for analyzing the behavior of groups and the crowd once they have been detected, showing how to extract semantic information, predicting/tracking the movement of a group, the formation or disaggregation of a group/crowd and the identification of different kinds of groups/crowds depending on their behavior. The final section focuses on identifying and promoting datasets for group/crowd analysis and modeling, presenting and discussing metrics for evaluating the pros and cons of the various models and methods. This book gives computer vision researcher techniques for segmentation and grouping, tracking and reasoning for solving group and crowd modeling and analysis, as well as more general problems in computer vision and machine learning.

  • Handbook of Solid State Diffusion: Volume 2

    Diffusion Analysis in Material Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • Aloke Paul + 1 more
    • English
    Handbook of Solid State Diffusion, Volume 2: Diffusion Analysis in Material Applications covers the basic fundamentals, techniques, applications, and latest developments in the area of solid-state diffusion, offering a pedagogical understanding for students, academicians, and development engineers. Both experimental techniques and computational methods find equal importance in the second of this two volume set. Volume 2 covers practical issues on diffusion phenomena in bulk, thin film, and in nanomaterials. Diffusion related problems and analysis of methods in industrial applications, such as electronic industry, high temperature materials, nuclear materials, and superconductor materials are discussed.

  • Handbook of Solid State Diffusion: Volume 1

    Diffusion Fundamentals and Techniques
    • 1st Edition
    • Aloke Paul + 1 more
    • English
    Handbook of Solid State Diffusion, Volume 1: Diffusion Fundamentals and Techniques covers the basic fundamentals, techniques, applications, and latest developments in the area of solid-state diffusion, offering a pedagogical understanding for students, academicians, and development engineers. Both experimental techniques and computational methods find equal importance in the first of this two-volume set. Volume 1 covers the fundamentals and techniques of solid-state diffusion, beginning with a comprehensive discussion of defects, then different analyzing methods, and finally concluding with an exploration of the different types of modeling techniques.

  • Performance Management for the Oil, Gas, and Process Industries

    A Systems Approach
    • 1st Edition
    • Robert Bruce Hey
    • English
    Performance Management for the Oil, Gas, and Process Industries: A Systems Approach is a practical guide on the business cycle and techniques to undertake step, episodic, and breakthrough improvement in performance to optimize operating costs. Like many industries, the oil, gas, and process industries are coming under increasing pressure to cut costs due to ongoing construction of larger, more integrated units, as well as the application of increasingly stringent environmental policies. Focusing on the ‘value adder’ or ‘revenue generator’ core system and the company direction statement, this book describes a systems approach which assures significant sustainable improvements in the business and operational performance specific to the oil, gas, and process industries. The book will enable the reader to: utilize best practice principles of good governance for long term performance enhancement; identify the most significant performance indicators for overall business improvement; apply strategies to ensure that targets are met in agreed upon time frames.

  • Safety of Web Applications

    Risks, Encryption and Handling Vulnerabilities with PHP
    • 1st Edition
    • Eric Quinton
    • English
    Safety of Web Applications: Risks, Encryption and Handling Vulnerabilities with PHP explores many areas that can help computer science students and developers integrate security into their applications. The Internet is not secure, but it's very friendly as a tool for storing and manipulating data. Customer confidence in Internet software is based on it's ability to prevent damage and attacks, but secure software is complicated, depending on several factors, including good risk estimation, good code architecture, cyphering, web server configuration, coding to prevent the most common attacks, and identification and rights allocation.

  • Optimal Sports Math, Statistics, and Fantasy

    • 1st Edition
    • Robert Kissell + 1 more
    • English
    Optimal Sports Math, Statistics, and Fantasy provides the sports community—students, professionals, and casual sports fans—with the essential mathematics and statistics required to objectively analyze sports teams, evaluate player performance, and predict game outcomes. These techniques can also be applied to fantasy sports competitions. Readers will learn how to: Accurately rank sports teams Compute winning probability Calculate expected victory margin Determine the set of factors that are most predictive of team and player performance Optimal Sports Math, Statistics, and Fantasy also illustrates modeling techniques that can be used to decode and demystify the mysterious computer ranking schemes that are often employed by post-season tournament selection committees in college and professional sports. These methods offer readers a verifiable and unbiased approach to evaluate and rank teams, and the proper statistical procedures to test and evaluate the accuracy of different models. Optimal Sports Math, Statistics, and Fantasy delivers a proven best-in-class quantitative modeling framework with numerous applications throughout the sports world.

  • Methods in Chemical Process Safety

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 1
    • English
    Methods in Chemical Process Safety, Volume One publishes fully commissioned reviews across the field of process safety, risk assessment, and management and loss prevention, with this volume focusing on the process of learning from experience, elements of process safety management, human factors in the chemical process industries, and the regulation of chemical process safety, including current approaches and their effectiveness. Users will find an informative tool and user manual for process safety for both engineering researchers and practitioners that details the latest methods in the field of chemical process safety.

  • Emotions and Affect in Human Factors and Human-Computer Interaction

    • 1st Edition
    • Myounghoon Jeon
    • English
    Emotions and Affect in Human Factors and Human–Computer Interaction is a complete guide for conducting affect-related research and design projects in H/F and HCI domains. Introducing necessary concepts, methods, approaches, and applications, the book highlights how critical emotions and affect are to everyday life and interaction with cognitive artifacts. The text covers the basis of neural mechanisms of affective phenomena, as well as representative approaches to Affective Computing, Kansei Engineering, Hedonomics, and Emotional Design. The methodologies section includes affect induction techniques, measurement techniques, detection and recognition techniques, and regulation models and strategies. The application chapters discuss various H/F and HCI domains: product design, human–robot interaction, behavioral health and game design, and transportation. Engineers and designers can learn and apply psychological theories and mechanisms to account for their affect-related research and can develop their own domain-specific theory. The approach outlined in this handbook works to close the existing gap between the traditional affect research and the emerging field of affective design and affective computing.

  • Granular Geomechanics

    • 1st Edition
    • Matthew R. Kuhn
    • English
    Granular Geomechanics provides a comprehensive exploration of soils as granular materials and the manner in which a soil’s engineering properties form grain-scale mechanics. The book focuses on granular composition and packing, grain interactions, discrete granular modeling and continuum constitutive modeling.

  • Design of Hybrid Molecules for Drug Development

    • 1st Edition
    • Michael Decker
    • English
    Design of Hybrid Molecules for Drug Development reviews the principles, advantages, and limitations involved with designing these groundbreaking compounds. Beginning with an introduction to hybrid molecule design and background as to their need, the book goes on to explore a range of important hybrids, with hybrids containing natural products, molecules containing NO- and H2S-donors, dual-acting compounds acting as receptor ligands and enzyme inhibitors, and the design of photoresponsive drugs all discussed. Drawing on practical case studies, the hybridization of molecules for development as treatments for a number of key diseases is then outlined, including the design of hybrids for Alzheimer's, cancer, and malaria. With its cutting-edge reviews of breaking developments in this exciting field, the book offers a novel approach for all those working in the design, development, and administration of drugs for a range of debilitating disorders.

  • Validamycin and Its Derivatives

    Discovery, Chemical Synthesis, and Biological Activity
    • 1st Edition
    • Xiaolong Chen + 3 more
    • English
    Validamycin and Its Derivatives: Discovery, Chemical Synthesis and Biological Activity presents, for the first time, a complete review of the underlying chemistry, synthesis, behavior and application of these compounds. Beginning with an introduction to validamycin, the book then outlines the key elements of its discovery and production, including details of its structures, isolation, analysis, and issues relating to its large scale production. Biological activities are then explored in more detail, followed by details of biosynthesis. Further to this, the chemical synthesis of validamycin and its intermediates, including valienamine, validamine, valiolamine, and validoxylamines is reviewed, before preparation of these derivatives and their biological activities are explored. Finally, the book concludes with a discussion of the economic aspects of working with validamycin and its potential in future applications and trends. With its detailed chemical coverage from a team of expert authors, this detailed guide can be applied to the large-scale industrial production of antibiotics and the adaptation of bioactive agents, from agricultural, to novel pharmaceutical applications.

  • Industrial Water Treatment Process Technology

    • 1st Edition
    • Parimal Pal
    • English
    Industrial Water Treatment Process Technology begins with a brief overview of the challenges in water resource management, covering issues of plenty and scarcity-spatial variation, as well as water quality standards. In this book, the author includes a clear and rigorous exposition of the various water resource management approaches such as: separation and purification (end of discharge pipe), zero discharge approach (green process development), flow management approach, and preservation and control approach. This coverage is followed by deeper discussion of individual technologies and their applications.

  • Media and Information Literacy

    An Integrated Approach for the 21st Century
    • 1st Edition
    • Marcus Leaning
    • English
    Media and Information Literacy: An Integrated Approach for the 21st Century provides a novel rationale for the integration of media and information literacy and gives direction to contemporary media and information literacy education. The book takes a synthetic approach to these two areas, presenting critical histories of both. The book explores the influence of political forces and educational practice on media literacy and the contemporary media environment, focusing on computing and mobile technology as a platform for existing and non-computational media. The final section considers a new rationale for the adjustment of content and activities into a combined project, building on a range of skills from contemporary media, reconsidering the mission of media literacy, and advocating that media and information literacy be expanded out of the classroom and positioned as a ‘public pedagogy'.

  • Dehydroacetic Acid and Its Derivatives

    Useful Synthons in Organic Synthesis
    • 1st Edition
    • Santhosh Penta
    • English
    Dehydroacetic Acid and Its Derivatives: Useful Synthons in Organic Synthesis outlines the use of DHA and its derivatives for the synthesis of pharmacologically active heterocyclic compounds. Beginning with an introduction to the chemistry and reactivity of Dehydroacetic Acid, the book goes on to outline the key ring transformation reactions of DHA. The synthesis of various derivatives is then discussed, before a wide range of metal complexes of DHA are explored in detail. The book then concludes with a review of DHA’s biological importance and its impressive range of pharmacological activities, including anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal and analgesic properties. For those researching the synthesis of bioactive heterocyclic compounds, this book is a valuable guide on the fundamental knowledge needed to facilitate and enhance the successful synthesis of lead molecules.

  • Cryptographic Boolean Functions and Applications

    • 2nd Edition
    • Thomas W. Cusick + 1 more
    • English
    Cryptographic Boolean Functions and Applications, Second Edition is designed to be a comprehensive reference for the use of Boolean functions in modern cryptography. While the vast majority of research on cryptographic Boolean functions has been achieved since the 1970s, when cryptography began to be widely used in everyday transactions, in particular banking, relevant material is scattered over hundreds of journal articles, conference proceedings, books, reports and notes, some of them only available online. This book follows the previous edition in sifting through this compendium and gathering the most significant information in one concise reference book. The work therefore encompasses over 600 citations, covering every aspect of the applications of cryptographic Boolean functions. Since 2008, the subject has seen a very large number of new results, and in response, the authors have prepared a new chapter on special functions. The new edition brings 100 completely new references and an expansion of 50 new pages, along with heavy revision throughout the text.

  • Light Alloys

    Metallurgy of the Light Metals
    • 5th Edition
    • Ian Polmear + 3 more
    • English
    Light Alloys: From Traditional Alloys to Nanocrystals, Fifth Edition, covers the materials science, properties, manufacturing processes, and applications of key engineering metals in a single accessible volume. As use of these metals is now more widespread than ever, with routine use in motor vehicles and aircraft, this book includes materials characteristics and applications, heat treatment properties, fabrication, microstructure/prope... relationships, new applications, and processes.

  • Quality Technology Handbook

    • 4th Edition
    • R S Sharpe + 2 more
    • English
    Quality Technology Handbook, Fourth Edition offers a wide discussion on technology and its related subtopics. After giving some information on its background, content, and authors, the book then informs the readers about the quality problem check-list and enumerates the questions one has to ask to ensure that a problem will be solved. This part is followed by a discussion on non-destructive testing (NDT) and the several committees formed for it, among which are the British National Committee and the Harwell NDT Center. The book also includes information on two organizations that are closely related to the topic, the Institute of Quality Assurance (IQA) and The Welding Institute (TWI). A directory of international organizations related to quality assurance and non-destructive testing is provided in the latter part of the text. The book serves as valuable reference to undergraduates or postgraduates of courses that are related to science and technology.

  • Computational Frameworks

    Systems, Models and Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • Mamadou Kaba Traore
    • English
    Computational Frameworks: Systems, Models and Applications provides an overview of advanced perspectives that bridges the gap between frontline research and practical efforts. It is unique in showing the interdisciplinary nature of this area and the way in which it interacts with emerging technologies and techniques. As computational systems are a dominating part of daily lives and a required support for most of the engineering sciences, this book explores their usage (e.g. big data, high performance clusters, databases and information systems, integrated and embedded hardware/software components, smart devices, mobile and pervasive networks, cyber physical systems, etc.).

  • Solution Thermodynamics and Its Application to Aqueous Solutions

    A Differential Approach
    • 2nd Edition
    • Yoshikata Koga
    • English
    Solution Thermodynamics and its Application to Aqueous Solutions: A Differential Approach, Second Edition introduces a differential approach to solution thermodynamics, applying it to the study of aqueous solutions. This valuable approach reveals the molecular processes in solutions in greater depth than that gained by spectroscopic and other methods. The book clarifies what a hydrophobe, or a hydrophile, and in turn, an amphiphile, does to H2O. By applying the same methodology to ions that have been ranked by the Hofmeister series, the author shows that the kosmotropes are either hydrophobes or hydration centers, and that chaotropes are hydrophiles. This unique approach and important updates make the new edition a must-have reference for those active in solution chemistry.

  • Advances in Heterocyclic Chemistry

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 123
    • English
    Advances in Heterocyclic Chemistry, Volume 123 brings together the fields of biology and organic chemistry, highlighting the ways they increasingly intersect. This updated volume includes a section on new developments in tetrazole chemistry, a section on the synthesis and applications of thiophene derivatives as organic materials, and a synopsis of the properties and applications on heteroaromatic rings in medicinal chemistry. Written by established authorities from around the world, this comprehensive review combines descriptive synthetic chemistry and mechanistic insight to yield an understanding of how chemistry drives the preparation and useful properties of heterocyclic compounds. This definitive series in the field will be of great value to organic chemists, polymer chemists and many biological scientists.

  • Progress in Optics

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 62
    • English
    Progress in Optics, Volume 62, an ongoing series, contains more than 300 review articles by distinguished research workers that have become permanent records for many important developments. In this updated volume, users will find valuable updates on topics such as optical testing, the modern aspects of intensity interferometry with classical light, the generation of partially coherent beams, optical models and symmetries, and more. This book's contributions have become standard references in scientific articles, providing the state-of-the-art to researchers and practitioners who work in the field of optics.

  • Implementing IP and Ethernet on the 4G Mobile Network

    • 1st Edition
    • André Perez
    • English
    Implementing IP and Ethernet on the 4G Mobile Network delves into the 4G mobile network that allows an IP packet transmitted by a mobile to be transported to its gateway, reciprocally using the following networks: MPLS-VPN, VPLS and OTN. The mechanisms for the implementation of quality of service (QoS) on the EPS, IP, Ethernet and MPLS networks are presented, as is the security for the LTE radio interface, the NAS messages and the links of the transport (IPSec). In addition, readers will find discussions of the aspects relating to the synchronization of the eNB entities, including SyncE and IEEE 1588 mechanisms.

  • Geographic Knowledge Infrastructure

    Applications to Territorial Intelligence and Smart Cities
    • 1st Edition
    • Robert Laurini
    • English
    Geographic Knowledge Engineering: Applications to Territorial Intelligence and Smart Cities studies the specific nature of geographic knowledge and the structure of geographic knowledge bases. Geographic relations, ontologies, gazetteers and rules are detailed as the basic components of such bases, and these rules are defined to develop our understanding of the mechanisms of geographic reasoning. The book examines various problems linked to geovisualization, chorems, visual querying and interoperability to shape knowledge infrastructure for smart governance.

  • Wireless Public Safety Networks 3

    Applications and Uses
    • 1st Edition
    • Daniel Camara + 1 more
    • English
    This third volume of the Wireless Public Safety Networks series explores new tendencies in the Public Safety Networks (PSNs) field, highlighting real-use cases and applications that can be used by practitioners to help victims in the case of danger. Wireless Public Safety Networks 3: Applications and Uses explores, from the communication point of view, how teams can interact with and use new technologies and tools. These technologies can have a huge impact in the field of disaster management and greatly improve the efficiency of teams handling emergency situations.This volume of the series covers themes as varied as emergency alert systems, the organization of aerial platforms and the use of smartphones to detect earthquakes and to help in the resolution of kidnappings.

  • Materials for a Healthy, Ecological and Sustainable Built Environment

    Principles for Evaluation
    • 1st Edition
    • Emina K. Petrović + 2 more
    • English
    Principles for Evaluating Building Materials in Sustainable Construction: Healthy and Sustainable Materials for the Built Environment provides a comprehensive overview of the issues associated with the selection of materials for sustainable construction, proposing a holistic and integrated approach. The book evaluates the issues involved in choosing materials from an ecosystem services perspective, from the design stage to the impact of materials on the health of building users. The three main sections of the book discuss building materials in relation to ecosystem services, the implications of materials choice at the design stage, and the impact of materials on building users and their health. The final section focuses on specific case studies that illustrate the richness of solutions that existed before the rise of contemporary construction and that are consistent with a sustainable approach to creating built environments. These are followed by modern examples which apply some, if not all, of the principles discussed in the first three sections of the book.

  • Statistical Shape and Deformation Analysis

    Methods, Implementation and Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • Guoyan Zheng + 2 more
    • English
    Statistical Shape and Deformation Analysis: Methods, Implementation and Applications contributes enormously to solving different problems in patient care and physical anthropology, ranging from improved automatic registration and segmentation in medical image computing to the study of genetics, evolution and comparative form in physical anthropology and biology. This book gives a clear description of the concepts, methods, algorithms and techniques developed over the last three decades that is followed by examples of their implementation using open source software. Applications of statistical shape and deformation analysis are given for a wide variety of fields, including biometry, anthropology, medical image analysis and clinical practice.

  • Non-Linear Theory and Fluctuations

    Plasma Electrodynamics
    • 1st Edition
    • A. I. Akhiezer + 2 more
    • English
    Plasma Electrodynamics, Volume 2: Non-Linear Theory and Fluctuations deals with the theory of nonlinear waves in a collisionless plasma, including the quasilinear theory, the theory of plasma turbulence, and the theory of electromagnetic fluctuations in a plasma. Topics covered range from nonlinear high-frequency waves in a cold plasma to the theory of plasma oscillations in the quasilinear approximation. Nonlinear wave-particle interactions are also discussed, along with scattering and transformation of waves in a plasma. Comprised of six chapters, this volume begins with a study of nonlinear waves in a collisionless plasma, focusing on nonlinear high-frequency waves in a cold plasma; Langmuir waves in a non-relativistic plasma; and longitudinal, transverse, and coupled longitudinal-transve... waves in a relativistic plasma. After expounding on the quasilinear theory, which describes the effects of the first approximation in terms of the plasma wave energy, the nonlinear interaction of waves and particles is considered. The last three chapters explore the theory of electromagnetic fluctuations in a plasma; the theory of scattering processes and the transformation of waves in a plasma; and the scattering of charged particles in a plasma. The polarization energy losses when charged particles move in a plasma are calculated. This book will be of interest to physicists.

  • Plasma Electrodynamics

    Linear Theory
    • 1st Edition
    • A. I. Akhiezer + 2 more
    • D. Ter Haar
    • English
    Plasma Electrodynamics, Volume 1: Linear Theory is a seven-chapter book that begins with a description of the general methods of describing plasma, particularly, kinetic and hydrodynamic methods. Chapter 2 discusses the linear theory of magneto-hydrodynamic waves. Chapter 3 describes the non-linear magneto-hydrodynamic waves, both simple waves and shock waves. Subsequent chapters explain the high-frequency oscillations in an unmagnetized plasma; oscillations of a plasma in a magnetic field; and interaction between charged particle beams and a plasma. The last chapter details the oscillations of a partially ionized plasma.

  • Microforming Technology

    Theory, Simulation and Practice
    • 1st Edition
    • Zhengyi Jiang + 2 more
    • English
    Microforming Technology: Theory, Simulation and Practice addresses all aspects of micromanufacturing technology, presenting detailed technical information and the latest research developments. The book covers fundamentals, theory, simulation models, equipment and tools design, practical micromanufacturing procedures, and micromanufacturing-r... supporting systems, such as laser heating system, hydraulic system and quality evaluation systems. Newly developed technology, including micro wedge rolling, micro flexible rolling and micro hydromechanical deep drawing, as well as traditional methods, such as micro deep drawing, micro bending and micro ultrathin strip rolling, are discussed. This will be a highly valuable resource for those involved in the use, study and design of micro products and micromanufacturing technologies, including engineers, scientists, academics and graduate students.

  • Gibbs' Entropic Paradox and Problems of Separation Processes

    • 1st Edition
    • Eugene Barsky
    • English
    Gibbs' Entropic Paradox and Problems of Separation Processes reviews the so-called Gibb’s Paradox observed during the mixing of two systems. During the last 150 years, many physicists and specialists in thermodynamics, statistical and quantum mechanics been engaged in the solution of the Gibbs paradox. Many books and journal articles have written on this topic, but a widely accepted answer is still lacking. In this book, the author reviews and analyzes all this data. Based on findings, the book formulates a different approach to this paradox and substantiates it on the basis of physical and statistical principles. The book clearly shows that entropy consists of two parts, static and dynamic. Up to now, entropy has been connected only with the process dynamics. However, the Gibbs paradox is caused by the change in the static component of entropy. Finally, the book includes examples of separation processes and how to optimize them in various fields, including biology, cosmology, crystallography and the social sciences.

  • Reaction Rate Theory and Rare Events

    • 1st Edition
    • Baron Peters
    • English
    Reaction Rate Theory and Rare Events bridges the historical gap between these subjects because the increasingly multidisciplinary nature of scientific research often requires an understanding of both reaction rate theory and the theory of other rare events. The book discusses collision theory, transition state theory, RRKM theory, catalysis, diffusion limited kinetics, mean first passage times, Kramers theory, Grote-Hynes theory, transition path theory, non-adiabatic reactions, electron transfer, and topics from reaction network analysis. It is an essential reference for students, professors and scientists who use reaction rate theory or the theory of rare events. In addition, the book discusses transition state search algorithms, tunneling corrections, transmission coefficients, microkinetic models, kinetic Monte Carlo, transition path sampling, and importance sampling methods. The unified treatment in this book explains why chemical reactions and other rare events, while having many common theoretical foundations, often require very different computational modeling strategies.

  • Existence Theory for Generalized Newtonian Fluids

    • 1st Edition
    • Dominic Breit
    • English
    Existence Theory for Generalized Newtonian Fluids provides a rigorous mathematical treatment of the existence of weak solutions to generalized Navier-Stokes equations modeling Non-Newtonian fluid flows. The book presents classical results, developments over the last 50 years of research, and recent results with proofs.

  • Energy Management in Wireless Sensor Networks

    • 1st Edition
    • Youcef Touati + 2 more
    • English
    Energy Management in Wireless Sensor Networks discusses this unavoidable issue in the application of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). To guarantee efficiency and durability in a network, the science must go beyond hardware solutions and seek alternative software solutions that allow for better data control from the source to delivery. Data transfer must obey different routing protocols, depending on the application type and network architecture. The correct protocol should allow for fluid information flow, as well as optimizing power consumption and resources – a challenge faced by dense networks. The topics covered in this book provide answers to these needs by introducing and exploring computer-based tools and protocol strategies for low power consumption and the implementation of routing mechanisms which include several levels of intervention, ranging from deployment to network operation.

  • Distributed Systems

    Concurrency and Consistency
    • 1st Edition
    • Matthieu Perrin
    • English
    Distributed Systems: Concurrency and Consistency explores the gray area of distributed systems and draws a map of weak consistency criteria, identifying several families and demonstrating how these may be implemented into a programming language. Unlike their sequential counterparts, distributed systems are much more difficult to design, and are therefore prone to problems. On a large scale, usability reminiscent of sequential consistency, which would provide the same global view to all users, is very expensive or impossible to achieve. This book investigates the best ways to specify the objects that are still possible to implement in these systems.

  • Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence 5

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 10
    • R.D. Shachter + 3 more
    • English
    This volume, like its predecessors, reflects the cutting edge of research on the automation of reasoning under uncertainty.A more pragmatic emphasis is evident, for although some papers address fundamental issues, the majority address practical issues. Topics include the relations between alternative formalisms (including possibilistic reasoning), Dempster-Shafer belief functions, non-monotonic reasoning, Bayesian and decision theoretic schemes, and new inference techniques for belief nets. New techniques are applied to important problems in medicine, vision, robotics, and natural language understanding.

  • The Quintessence of Irving Langmuir

    The Commonwealth and International Library Selected Readings in Physics
    • 1st Edition
    • Albert Rosenfeld
    • D. ter Haar
    • English
    The Quintessence of Irving Langmuir is a biography on the life of Irving Langmuir. The book was created to complement the volume entitled “The Collected Works of Irving Langmuir”. This selection was created to introduce the person and his works. Special attention has been given to Langmuir’s early life and family background. The text begins with an account of the person’s child seen from the mother’s perspective. Such an account was taken from the family’s documents. These documents are in the form of letters, diaries, photograph albums, newspaper clippings, and genealogical studies. A brief history about the formation of General Electric Company is also covered. A great part of the book relates the life of Langmuir as a father and as a scientist. Among his inventions is using dry ice for cloud seeding. One of his greatest achievements is receiving a Nobel Prize in Chemistry. The book is directed to the general public.

  • Novel Catalytic and Separation Processes Based on Ionic Liquids

    • 1st Edition
    • Dickson Ozokwelu + 4 more
    • English
    Novel Catalytic and Separation Process Based on Ionic Liquids presents the latest progress on the use of ionic liquids (ILs) in catalytic and separation processes. The book discusses the preparation of ILs, the characterization of IL catalysts by spectroscopic techniques, catalytic reactions over IL catalysts, separation science and technology of ILs, applications in biomass utilization, and synthesis of fine chemicals. Scientists, engineers, graduate students, managers, decision-makers, and others interested in ionic liquids will find this information very useful. The book can be used as a springboard for more advanced work in this area as it contains both theory and recent applications, research conducted, and developments in separation techniques and catalysis using ionic liquids.

  • Reliability Based Aircraft Maintenance Optimization and Applications

    • 1st Edition
    • He Ren + 2 more
    • English
    Reliability Based Aircraft Maintenance Optimization and Applications presents flexible and cost-effective maintenance schedules for aircraft structures, particular in composite airframes. By applying an intelligent rating system, and the back-propagation network (BPN) method and FTA technique, a new approach was created to assist users in determining inspection intervals for new aircraft structures, especially in composite structures. This book also discusses the influence of Structure Health Monitoring (SHM) on scheduled maintenance. An integrated logic diagram establishes how to incorporate SHM into the current MSG-3 structural analysis that is based on four maintenance scenarios with gradual increasing maturity levels of SHM. The inspection intervals and the repair thresholds are adjusted according to different combinations of SHM tasks and scheduled maintenance. This book provides a practical means for aircraft manufacturers and operators to consider the feasibility of SHM by examining labor work reduction, structural reliability variation, and maintenance cost savings.

  • Advances in Heterocyclic Chemistry

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 122
    • English
    Advances in Heterocyclic Chemistry is the definitive series in the field—one of great importance to organic chemists, polymer chemists and many biological scientists. As the most recent release in the series, this book specifically focuses on new developments in the chemistry of 3-Arylisoxazoles and 3-Aryl-2-isoxazoline... and the synthesis of hererocycles from Amidrazones, amongst other important updates. Written by established, global authorities in the field, this comprehensive, continuously updated, longstanding series combines descriptive synthetic chemistry and mechanistic insight to yield an understanding on how chemistry drives the preparation and useful properties of heterocyclic compounds.

  • Characterization and Analysis of Microplastics

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 75
    • English
    Characterization and Analysis of Microplastics, Volume 75 presents the latest information on new and published analytical methodologies for the identification and quantification of microplastics. This series focuses on a variety of interesting topics surrounding the field of microplastics, with this new release in the series covering sampling and sample handing, the characterization of microplastics by raman spectroscopy, and techniques for assessing the chemical compounds related to microplastics. Users will find a variety of useful information that includes morphological, physical and chemical characterizations, along with analytical techniques and future perspectives of analytical methodologies in this rapidly advancing field.

  • Soil Reinforcement for Anchor Plates and Uplift Response

    • 1st Edition
    • Hamed Niroumand
    • English
    Soil Reinforcement for Anchor Plates and Uplift Response presents a comprehensive and rigorous review of the current knowledge in soil improvement for anchor plates, and is based on original research that includes experimental data on how to enhance uplift response of soil anchor plates by using several soil reinforcement methods. Divided into 6 chapters, the author makes an introduction to both Ancho Plates and Soil Reinforcement in chapter one, then providing a comprehensive literature review on the topic in chapter 2. Chapter 3 presents how the experiment was set up, the different types of geotextiles used, and the types of soil tested. Chapter 4 presents experimental data, along with data provided by simulation softwares, including Plaxis. Chapter 5 compares the experimental results to the numerical simulation data, providing researchers and geotechnical engineers with tools they can apply to their own projects. In chapter 6, the author presents his conclusions and recommendations on the usage of soil reinforcement to maximize uplift response to anchor plates. Researchers in geotechnical engineering can use the methods and experimental data presented in the book on their own projects, and practicing engineers will benefit from the comparisons between experimental and simulation data provided to make appropriate selection of soil reinforcement techniques that can be applied to their projects.

  • Annual Reports on NMR Spectroscopy

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 91
    • English
    Annual Reports on NMR Spectroscopy, Volume 91 provides a thorough and in-depth accounting of progress in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and its many applications for chemists and physicists to study the structure and dynamics of molecules. This updated release in the series focuses on topics surrounding NMR relaxation in dendrimers, MRI studies of spatial distribution of charge carriers, and MRI studies of plastic crystals, amongst other timely topics. As no other technique has gained as much significance as NMR spectroscopy in recent years, this series, for both specialists and non-specialists, is an ideal resource for the latest information in the field.

  • Nanocharacterization Techniques

    • 1st Edition
    • Osvaldo de Oliveira Jr + 3 more
    • English
    Nanocharacterization Techniques covers the main characterization techniques used in nanomaterials and nanostructures. The chapters focus on the fundamental aspects of characterization techniques and their distinctive approaches. Significant advances that have taken place over recent years in refining techniques are covered, and the mathematical foundations needed to use the techniques are also explained in detail. This book is an important reference for materials scientists and engineers looking for a through analysis of nanocharacterization techniques in order to establish which is best for their needs.

  • Bretherick's Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards

    • 8th Edition
    • Peter Urben
    • English
    Bretherick's Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards, Eighth Edition presents the latest updates on the unexpected, but predictable, loss of containment and explosion hazards from chemicals and their admixtures and actual accidents. The extensively cross-referenced book enables readers to avoid explosion and loss of containment of chemicals. Primary and more specialized sources are easily traced, and this new edition includes available record updates, also adding a number of new records. In this newly updated and expanded edition, the content is presented in a clear and user-friendly format.

  • Inspection and Monitoring Technologies of Transmission Lines with Remote Sensing

    • 1st Edition
    • Yi Hu + 1 more
    • English
    Inspection and Monitoring Technologies of Transmission Lines with Remote Sensing helps readers build a thorough understanding of new technologies and world-class practices developed by the State Grid Corporation of China—the organization responsible for the world’s largest power distribution network. Monitoring the operational status of high-voltage transmission lines is critical in supply assurance and continuity. Given the physical size, geographical, and climate variances that transmission lines are subject to, remote sensing and inspection is a critical technology for power distribution organizations. This reference covers current and developing technologies, equipment, and methods for the safe and secure operation and maintenance of transmission lines, including satellite remote sensing technology, infrared and ultraviolet detection technology, helicopter inspection technology, and condition monitoring technology.

  • Solidification and Solid-State Transformations of Metals and Alloys

    • 1st Edition
    • Maria Jose Quintana Hernandez + 2 more
    • English
    Solidification and Solid-State Transformations of Metals and Alloys describes solidification and the industrial problems presented when manufacturing structural parts by casting, or semi-products for forging, in order to obtain large, flat or specifically shaped parts. Solidification follows the nucleation and growth model, which will also be applied in solid-state transformations, such as those taking place because of changes in solubility and allotropy or changes produced by recrystallization. It also explains the heat treatments that, through controlled heating, holding and cooling, allow the metals to have specific structures and properties. It also describes the correct interpretation of phase diagrams so the reader can comprehend the behaviour of iron, aluminium, copper, lead, tin, nickel, titanium, etc. and the alloys between them or with other metallic or metalloid elements. This book can be used by graduate and undergraduate students, as well as physicists, chemists and engineers who wish to study the subject of Metallic Materials and Physical Metallurgy, specifically industrial applications where casting of metals and alloys, as well as heat treatments are relevant to the quality assurance of manufacturing processes. It will be especially useful for readers with little to no knowledge on the subject, and who are looking for a book that addresses the fundamentals of manufacturing, treatment and properties of metals and alloys.

  • A Guide to the Manufacture, Performance, and Potential of Plastics in Agriculture

    • 1st Edition
    • Michael Orzolek
    • English
    The use of plastics in agriculture – to increase crop output, improve food quality and improve sustainability – has grown substantially in both quantity and the range of applications. Many of the early researchers that conducted field research in the use of plastics in agriculture have either retired or are deceased. These early pioneers in plasticulture research, the basis of plant production using plastics, were very creative and persistent in discovering uses of plastics in agricultural applications. A Guide to the Manufacture, Performance, and Potential of Plastics in Agriculture contains both references not only to their accomplishments but also their publications. The book discusses plasticulture-the basis of plant production using plastics – including topics such as plastic mulch, row covers, drip irrigation, and high/low tunnels. It covers the process of producing polyethylene and polypropylene plastics that are used in plant and animal production agriculture, and the many uses of plastics in all aspects of agriculture, including plastic greenhouses, rigid mold plastics, disposal of plastics, and plastics in animal production. This book introduces a range of academics and industrial practitioners to the impact of plastics in agriculture, both historically and in a range of current applications. It also provides new perspectives on future developments to enable further research and application. It is an invaluable reference on the use of polyethylene, polypropylene films, and such products in all aspects of agricultural production.

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