Books in Physics general

Providing a broad overview of core concepts and recent advances, this portfolio supports students, educators, and researchers across all physics disciplines. It features foundational theories, experimental techniques, and emerging trends that underpin technological innovation and scientific understanding.

Elementary Medical Biophysics
1st Edition
G. G. Járos + 1 more
English
Elementary Medical Biophysics deals with the basic principles involved in the physical sciences, such as the application of mathematical methods involving scientific problems, the production of electricity in electrical and living cells, as well as light, sight, and radioactivity. The book reviews the graphical and mathematical representation of scientific problems, and the use of units to measure temperature, time, force, energy that are commonly employed in experiments and research work. The text describes the forces involved in diffusion and osmosis that occur during the movement of molecules or other particles when these are unevenly dispersed in a fluid medium. The force in diffusion causes a particle to move from an area of high concentration of particles into one with a low concentration, until there is equilibrium. Osmosis involves the force or movement of a solvent from an area of low concentration of the solute to an area with a high concentration of the solute. The book also explains the production of electricity in living cells of the body, as well as the possible special affinity or preference that tumors or cancerous cells can have with radioactive substances. The text is intended for nursing and paramedical students with courses in physiology, biophysics, and other programs related to the medical sciences.
Advances in Biological and Medical Physics
Volume 2
1st Edition
John H. Lawrence + 1 more
English
Advances in Biological and Medical Physics, Volume II highlights the application of nuclear physics to biological and medical problems. This volume is composed of nine chapters, and start with survey on the biological effects of radiation exposure. The succeeding chapters deal with the mechanisms of molecular exchange and blood transfusion; the use of carbon isotopes in in vivo and in vitro animal studies; and the principles and applications of radioautographic technique. These topics are followed by discussions on the carcinogenic potential of ionizing radiation and the detection or measurement of radioisotopes in intact tissues of animals. The remaining chapters focus on some applications of nuclear physical and biophysical approaches in medicine. This book is of value to biologists, radiation scientists, and medical practitioners.
Liquid Hydrogen
Properties, Production and Applications
1st Edition
Sam Stuart
English
Liquid Hydrogen (Properties, Production and Applications) is a collection of lectures given in a course on liquid hydrogen at the University of Grenoble, France, on June 8, 1965, under the auspices of the International Institute of Refrigeration. Contributors explore the physical properties and the technological aspects of both production and utilization of liquid hydrogen. Topics covered range from critical phenomena in fluids to the use of liquid hydrogen in nuclear rocket testing. Comprised of 12 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the critical point of fluid, followed by a discussion on the properties of liquid hydrogen and its use in nuclear rocket testing. Subsequent chapters focus on propulsion by liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen; structural cryogenic vessels of rocket stages; the role of chemical propellants in the NASA lunar exploration program; and equipment for liquid hydrogen storage and handling. Industrial advances in liquid hydrogen distillation are also considered, along with liquid hydrogen engineering instrumentation and applications of liquid hydrogen in electrical engineering. The final chapter describes nuclear applications of liquid hydrogen. This book will be of value to students, professors, engineers, and technicians working or are interested in liquid hydrogen.
Dielectric Properties of Binary Solutions
A Data Handbook
1st Edition
Y. Y. Akhadov
English
Dielectric Properties of Binary Solutions focuses on the investigation of the dielectric properties of solutions, as well as the molecular interactions and mechanisms of molecular processes that occur in liquids. The book first discusses the fundamental formulas describing the dielectric properties of liquids and dielectric data for binary systems of non-aqueous solutions. Topics include permittivity and dielectric dispersion parameters of non-aqueous solutions of organic and inorganic compounds. The text also tackles dielectric data for binary systems of aqueous solutions, including permittivity of aqueous solutions of organic and inorganic compounds and dielectric dispersion parameters of aqueous solutions of organic and inorganic compounds. The tables that show the measurements of static permittivity, limiting high-frequency permittivity, permittivity and dielectric loss, relaxation time, and coefficient of distribution of relaxation times are presented. The manuscript also presents dielectric data in graphical form. The book is a vital reference for readers interested in the dielectric properties of binary solutions.
Gamma-Ray Spectrometry of Rocks
1st Edition
Volume 10
John A. S. Adams + 1 more
English
Gamma-Ray Spectrometry of Rocks: Methods in Geochemistry and Geophysics provides information pertinent to the fundamental aspects of the gamma-ray spectrometry of rocks. This book discusses the increasing interest in using gamma spectrometry in the search for uranium ore. Organized into seven chapters, this book begins with an overview of the approximate frequency and wave length of electromagnetic radiations. This text then examines the quantitative detection of X and gamma photons, which is based upon their interactions with matter. Other chapters consider the inorganic scintillation crystals as the most favorable detectors due to its requirement of a high intrinsic efficiency. This book discusses as well the shape of the spectrum of a monoenergetic gamma-ray beam, which is dependent on the photon energy. The final chapter deals with the determination of the abundances of natural radioisotopes and their stable end products in a rock or mineral. This book is a valuable resource for radiological health physicists, chemists, geochemists, and exploration geologists.
Agricultural Physics
The Commonwealth International Library: Physics Division
1st Edition
C. W. Rose
W. Ashhurst + 1 more
English
Agricultural Physics discusses agricultural problems, some aspects of the environment, and water relations of plants from a physical point of view. This book provides particular attention to clarifying fundamental concepts and processes, such as the concept of the total potential of water and its components, which is of basic importance in understanding water movement in soil, plant, or atmosphere. Subject matters covered in this text are limited to topics to which physics has made a significant contribution, for instance, the experimental aspects of crop water use. This text is divided into eight chapters. Chapters 1 to 3 focus solely on the physical environment of agriculture, providing a background of the literature on the micrometeorology of crops and single plants. Some physical aspects of soils are elaborated in Chapters 4 and 6, while attributes of crop water use are covered in Chapters 5, 7, and 8. This publication is a good source for agriculturists, physiologists, and researchers conducting work on aspects of soils and plant water relations.
Light
Physical and Biological Action
1st Edition
Howard H. Seliger + 1 more
English
Light: Physical and Biological Action provides an introduction to the significant problems that are usually considered in photobiology. This book covers a variety of topics, including photosensitization, phototropism, phototaxis, photosynthesis, bioluminescence, diurnal rhythms, and the measurement of molecular excitation by light. Organized into five chapters, this book begins with an overview of the characteristics of light from a purely physical and historical viewpoint. This text then discusses the various types of radiation, including temperature or thermal radiation, photoluminescence, chemiluminescence, radiation produced by electric discharges, and radiation produced by high local electric field. Other chapters consider the various bond involved in molecular formation, which shows the atomic orbitals associated with the constituents of the molecule. This book discusses as well the fluorescence bands of polyatomic molecules. The final chapter deals with some of the limitations of the methods involved in electron microscopy. This book is a valuable resource for biologists and photochemists.
Microelectronic Systems N2 Checkbook
The Checkbook Series
2nd Edition
R E Vears
English
Microelectronic Systems N2 Checkbook provides coverage of the Business and Technician Education Council level NII unit in Microelectronic Systems. However, it can be regarded as a textbook in microelectronic systems for a much wider range of studies. The aim of this book is to provide a foundation in microelectronic systems hardware and software techniques. Each topic considered in the text is presented in a way that assumes in the reader only the knowledge attained in BTEC Information Technology Studies F, Engineering Fundamentals F, or equivalent. This book concentrates on the highly popular 6502, Z80, and 6800 microprocessors and contains approximately 80 tested programs that may be used with little or no modification on most systems based on these microprocessors. The text includes over 140 worked problems followed by some 250 further problems. Additional material on the basic ideas of systems, logic functions, and numbering systems is included for the sake of completeness. This book is designed for students seeking technician or equivalent qualification through the courses of the Business and Technician Education Council (BTEC), Scottish Technical Education Council, Australian Technical and Further Education Departments, East and West African Examinations Council, and other comparable examining authorities in technical subjects.
Recent Developments in Particle Symmetries
1965 International School of Physics Ettore Majorana, a CERN-MPI-NATO Advanced Study Institute
1st Edition
A Zichichi
English
Recent Developments in Particle Symmetries focuses on the advancements of processes, technologies, reactions, transformations, and approaches in particle symmetries. The selection first offers information on higher symmetries and deviations from unitary symmetry, including S matrix and perturbation theory and bootstrap theory of octet enhancement. The text then ponders on broken symmetries and sum rules and difficulties of relativistic U(6). Discussions focus on covariant models, unitary, Coleman's theorems, saturation of commutation relations and particle multiplets, and exact internal symmetry. The manuscript elaborates on CP violation, K decay and CP violation, and proton-antiproton annihilations at rest. The text then takes a look at the value of internal symmetries, low-energy hyperon-proton interactions, and strange resonances. Discussions focus on mesonic and baryonic resonances, hierarchy of internal symmetries, well-ordered violation of internal symmetries, and the combination of internal and geometrical symmetries in the physics of elementary particles. The selection is a valuable source of information for readers wanting to study particle symmetries.
Men of Physics: Benjamin Thompson – Count Rumford
Count Rumford on the Nature of Heat
1st Edition
Sanborn C. Brown
D. ter Haar
English
Men of Physics: Benjamin Thompsonâ€”Count Rumford: Count Rumford on the Nature of Heat presents the life and works of Count Rumford, an American-born British physicist and inventor. This book is divided in two parts. The first part gives a biographical sketch of Count Rumford, Benjamin Thompson, who was born on March 23, 1753 and died in 1814. This part also discusses the contemporary caloric theory and the reason why Rumford disbelieved the theory. The second part presents his technical works, discoveries, and contributions in the field of physics. Some of which are his demonstration of the existence of convection currents; heat by friction; thermal expansion; and other studies concerning heat. This text will be of interest for physicists and other professionals in the related fields.
Superconductivity and Quantum Fluids
International Series of Monographs in Natural Philosophy
1st Edition
Zygmunt M. Galasiewicz
English
Superconductivity and Quantum Fluids, Volume 29 presents the microscopic theory of superconductivity and superfluidity. This book discusses the characteristics of niobium, which is a type II superconductor. Organized into two parts encompassing eight chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the special Bogoliubov transformation that connects fermions with opposite spins and momenta. This text then describes the collective oscillations of the system in the cases of charged and uncharged particles. Other chapters consider the dynamical system of Fermi particles in a weak external field. This book discusses as well the theoretical explanation of superfluidity, which is as a second, very interesting phenomenon observed at low temperatures. The final chapter illustrates the linearized hydrodynamic equations and explains the mean value expressed in terms of the Fourier components of the retarded Green functions. This book is a valuable resource for physicists. Students and researchers who are interested in the fields of superconductivity and superfluidity will also find this book useful.
Tables of IGY Monthly Median Ionospheric Data
Annals of The International Geophysical Year, Vol. 18
1st Edition
W. J. G. Beynon + 1 more
English
Annals of the International Geophysical Year, Volume 18: Tables of IGY Monthly Median Ionospheric Data is the sixth of six volumes of l.G.Y. data containing tables of monthly median values of ionospheric characteristics for the period July 1957-January 1959 inclusive. The data are extracted from booklets, bulletins and data summaries of many kinds which have been prepared at ionospheric observatories and sent to one of the Discipline V World Data Centers at Boulder, Moscow, Slough, and Tokyo. This volume is composed of 21 chapters representing the stations, which are arranged in alphabetical order. The tables for each station are preceded by some of the more important information relating to the station. This information is taken from the Ionospheric Stations Manual (U.S.R.I., 1958) that also contains hourly values of cos X and many other useful data. Both the U.R.S.I, three letter code and the C.S.A.G.I. number have been included in the tables to facilitate reference either to the Ionospheric Stations Manual or to Annals of the I.G.Y. Volume VII. This book will be of value to geophysicists, researchers, and workers in the allied fields.
Annals of the International Geophysical Year
Ionospheric Drift Observations
1st Edition
K. Rawer
L. V. Berkner + 2 more
English
Annals of the International Geophysical Year, Volume 33: Results of Ionospheric Drift Observations describes the systematic changes in individual ionospheric observations during the International Geophysical Year (IGY). This book is composed of four chapters, and begins with a presentation of the general data on stations and the lists of publications concerning drift work during IGY/IGC. The next chapter contains the results obtained mainly by intercomparison of the time shift between fadings observed on three antenna separated by a distance of roughly a wavelength. These data are followed by a discussion of the results for a station, which has made the big effort of applying the correlation analysis as a routine. The concluding chapter highlights further results of intercomparison observations and tests, and a few stations' results obtained with drift meteor trails determined by combinations of Radar- and Doppler-techniques, as well as the intercomparison of fieldstrength fluctuations of cosmic radio waves. This book is of great value to geophysicists and space scientists and researchers.
Superconductivity
1st Edition
Charles P. Poole + 2 more
English
Superconductivity covers the nature of the phenomenon of superconductivity. The book discusses the fundamental principles of superconductivity; the essential features of the superconducting state-the phenomena of zero resistance and perfect diamagnetism; and the properties of the various classes of superconductors, including the organics, the buckministerfulleren... and the precursors to the cuprates. The text also describes superconductivity from the viewpoint of thermodynamics and provides expressions for the free energy; the Ginzburg-Landau and BCS theories; and the structures of the high temperature superconductors. The band theory; type II superconductivity and magnetic properties; and the intermediate and mixed states are also considered. The book further tackles critical state models; various types of tunneling and the Josephson effect; and other transport properties. The text concludes by looking into spectroscopic properties. Physicists and astronomers will find the book invaluable.
Some Problems of Chemical Kinetics and Reactivity
Volume 2
1st Edition
N. N. Semenov
English
Some Problems of Chemical Kinetics and Reactivity discusses two types of explosion in detail. These two types are the thermal and chain explosion. Points are also given in the book about thermal theory on a quantitative basis. The book explains that the science of combustion develops as a special branch of chemical kinetics. The text also covers the chain ignition concept. Such concept shows that phosphorus would not ignite below some critical oxygen pressure and no traces of reaction could be detected under such condition. Another type of concept discussed in the book is the branched chain reactions. The book proves that the existence of limit phenomenon determines the practicability of using nuclear energy. Factors such as pressure, density, temperature, and vessel dimension transform inert condition to violent reaction. Formulas and computations to prove the concepts mentioned are provided in the book. The book will provide valuable insight to nuclear physicists, scientists, students, and researchers.
The Contributions of Faraday and Maxwell to Electrical Science
1st Edition
R. A. R. Tricker
D. ter Haar
English
The Contributions of Faraday and Maxwell to Electrical Science deals with the development of electromagnetic theory following the establishment of the basis for the first law of circulation relating to the magnetic fields generated by steady currents. This book is organized into two parts encompassing nine chapters that specifically treat the provision of the basis for the second law of circulation, the law that deals with the induction of currents, which was predominantly the work of British physicists, Michael Faraday and James Clerk Maxwell. Part I highlights their life, career, and contributions in electrical science. This part emphasizes Faraday’s discovery of electromagnetic induction and Maxwell’s development of electromagnetic theory. Part II presents their experimental studies on electricity and magnetism. This book will prove useful to physicists, electrical scientists, and researchers in the allied fields.
Topics in Atomic Collision Theory
1st Edition
Sydney Geltman
H. S. W. Massey + 1 more
English
Topics in Atomic Collision Theory originated in a course of graduate lectures given at the University of Colorado and at University College in London. It is recommended for students in physics and related fields who are interested in the application of quantum scattering theory to low-energy atomic collision phenomena. No attention is given to the electromagnetic, nuclear, or elementary particle domains. The book is organized into three parts: static field scattering, electron-atom collisions, and atom-atom collisions. These are in the order of increasing physical complexity and hence necessarily in the order of decreasing mathematical tractability. The topics and methods selected were those which contributed most significantly to the understanding of the physics and the calculation of reliable cross sections. The attempt has been made to treat each of the sections in a complete and self-contained manner. The limited scope of this book has unfortunately made it necessary to omit discussion of many promising methods.
Some Aspects of Vacuum Ultraviolet Radiation Physics
International Series of Monographs in Natural Philosophy
1st Edition
Nicole Damany + 2 more
English
Some Aspects of Vacuum Ultraviolet Radiation Physics presents some data on the state of research in vacuum ultraviolet radiation in association with areas of physics. Organized into four parts, this book begins by elucidating the optical properties of solids in the vacuum ultraviolet region (v.u.v.), particularly the specific methods of determination of optical constants in v.u.v., the properties of metals, and those of ionic insulators. Part II deals with molecular spectroscopy, with emphasis on the spectra of diatomic and simple polyatomic molecules, paraffins, and condensed phases. Part III focuses on some aspects of emission spectroscopy in the v.u.v. in relation to laboratory plasmas. The last part describes the image formation by concave gratings, spectrophotometry, and diffusion by surfaces. This book will be very valuable to physicist and graduate students inclined to this field of interest.
Elementary Classical Hydrodynamics
The Commonwealth and International Library: Mathematics Division
1st Edition
B. H. Chirgwin + 1 more
W. J. Langford + 2 more
English
Elementary Classical Hydrodynamics deals with the fundamental principles of elementary classical hydrodynamics, with emphasis on the mechanics of inviscid fluids. Topics covered by this book include direct use of the equations of hydrodynamics, potential flows, two-dimensional fluid motion, waves in liquids, and compressible flows. Some general theorems such as Bernoulli's equation are also considered. This book is comprised of six chapters and begins by introducing the reader to the fundamental principles of fluid hydrodynamics, with emphasis on ways of studying the motion of a fluid. Basic concepts and quantities such as viscosity, density, and pressure, are considered, along with hydrostatics and the equation of motion. The discussion then turns to Bernoulli's equation, the motion of a small element of fluid, velocity potential, and the kinetic energy of a uniform incompressible fluid. The chapters that follow explore two-dimensional fluid motion; a uniform inviscid, incompressible liquid having a free surface and upon which the only body force acting is uniform gravity; and a compressible gas with undisturbed uniform pressure and density, paying particular attention to the propagation and reflection of sound waves. This book is intended as an elementary introduction to the mechanics of inviscid fluids for first and second year undergraduates.
Linear Theory
1st Edition
A. Cemal Eringen + 1 more
English
Elastodynamics, Volume II: Linear Theory is a continuation of Volume I and discusses the dynamical theory of linear isotropic elasticity. The volume deals with the fundamental theorems regarding elastodynamics and the different mathematical methods of solution and their employment in one, two, and three dimensions. The text outlines the fundamentals of linear elastodynamics and explains basic equations, displacement formulation, stress formulation, and the uniqueness theorem of elastodynamics. The book also investigates elastodynamic problems involving one-space dimension in governing boundaries, equations, and initial conditions. The book then compares two-dimensional problems as being subject to more precise mathematical analysis compared to three-dimensional situations by using scalar wave equations. The text then analyzes elastodynamic problems in three space dimensions when the solution depends on the condition of separability of the vector wave equation and the satisfaction of the boundary conditions. The diffraction of elastic waves is also described using two approaches: the integral equation method or the Eigen function technique. The book can prove valuable to researchers and practitioners whose work involves advanced statistics, general physics, and thermodynamics.
Coherent Raman Spectroscopy
1st Edition
G. L. Eesley
English
Coherent Raman Spectroscopy provides a unified and general account of the fundamental aspects of nonlinear Raman spectroscopy, also known as coherent Raman spectroscopy. The theoretical basis from which coherent Raman spectroscopy developed is described, along with its applications, utility, and implementation as well as advantages and disadvantages. Experimental data which typifies each technique is presented. This book is comprised of four chapters and opens with an overview of nonlinear optics and coherent Raman spectroscopy, followed by a discussion on nonlinear transfer function of matter. The derivation of third-order nonlinear effects is described and the problem is specialized to one dimension by assuming monochromatic plane waves propagating in the z direction. The next chapter reviews the salient features of seven coherent Raman techniques by calculating the resonant and non-resonant signal contributions in the monochromatic plane wave limit. Finally, the general areas of application of coherent Raman spectroscopy are highlighted. This monograph is written primarily for uninitiated or endeavoring coherent Raman spectroscopists and should also be of interest to experienced industrial and academic researchers.
Probabilistic Methods Applied to Electric Power Systems
Proceedings of the First International Symposium, Toronto, Canada, 11–13 July 1986
1st Edition
Samy G. Krishnasamy
English
Probabilistic Methods Applied to Electric Power Systems contains the proceedings of the First International Symposium held in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, on July 11-13, 1986. The papers explore significant technical advances that have been made in the application of probability methods to the design of electric power systems. This volume is comprised of 65 chapters divided into 10 sections and begins by discussing the probabilistic methodologies used in the assessment of power system reliability and structural design. The following chapters focus on the applications of probabilistic techniques to the analysis and design of transmission systems and structures; evaluation of design and reliability of distribution systems; system planning; and assessment of performance of transmission system components such as insulators, tower joints, and foundations. The probability-based procedures for dealing with data bases such as wind load and ice load are also considered, along with the effects of weather-induced loads on overhead power lines and the use of probability methods in upgrading existing power lines and components. The final section deals with applications of probability methods to power system problems not covered in other chapters. This book will be of value to engineers involved in uprating, designing, analyzing, and assessing reliability of transmission and distribution systems.
Calculations in Fundamental Physics
Electricity and Magnetism
1st Edition
T. Heddle
Robert Robinson + 1 more
English
Calculations in Fundamental Physics, Volume II: Electricity and Magnetism focuses on the processes, methodologies, and approaches involved in electricity and magnetism. The manuscript first takes a look at current and potential difference, including flow of charge, parallel conductors, ammeters, electromotive force and potential difference, and voltmeters. The book then discusses resistance, networks, power, resistivity and temperature, and electrolysis. Topics include shunts and multipliers, resistors in series, distribution circuits, balanced potentiometers, heating, resistance thermometry, and thermistors. The text explains electrolysis and thermoelectricity, including electroplating, Avogadro's number, and thermoelectric power. The manuscript describes magnetic fields and circuits and inductors. Concerns include straight conductors, series circuits, magnetic moments, stored energy, and mutual inductance. The book also takes a look at electric fields, transients, and direct current generators and motors. The manuscript is a dependable reference for readers wanting to be familiar with electricity and magnetism.
The Design of Piled Foundations
Structures and Solid Body Mechanics
2nd Edition
Thomas Whitaker
B. G. Neal
English
The Design of Piled Foundations, Second Edition focuses on the theories which have been advanced to predict the loads which piles will carry, both singly and when used in groups to form a piled foundation. Organized into 12 chapters, this book begins with an explanation of the utilization of piles. Subsequent chapters discuss the types of piles and their construction; pile driving by vibration; the calculation of the ultimate bearing capacity of a pile from soil properties; the settlement of single piles and the choice of a factor of safety; and piles in soft soils. Other chapters describe pile testing; piles in groups with vertical loading; horizontal forces on piles and pile group; and the durability of piles.
Handbook of Microscopy
1st Edition
Marcel Locquin + 1 more
English
Handbook of Microscopy is a manual that deals mainly with the basic instruments and techniques used in light microscopy and its biological applications. A large section is devoted to the study of organic matter in microfossils preserved in rocks, in view of its stratigraphic importance in mining and oil prospecting. This text is comprised of six chapters; the first of which introduces the reader to the basic principles as well as to the instruments and techniques used in light microscopy. This book also discusses the microscopes and electronic flashlights for photomicrography, along with the use of monochromatic light, stereological and physicochemical microanalysis, microanalysis by electron microscopy, and microdetermination of physical values. Attention then turns to staining and impregnation and methods of fixation, examination, cutting, and mounting. The remaining chapters focus on the microscopy of topological stains and non-specific cytological stains, with emphasis on special methods used in animal and plant histology and protistology and mycological methods in pathology. This book is written specifically for microscopists.
Experimental Approaches and Applications
1st Edition
Bernd Crasemann
English
Atomic Inner-Shell Processes, Volume II: Experimental Approaches and Applications focuses on the physics of atomic inner shells, with emphasis on experimental aspects including the use of radioactive atoms for studies of atomic transition probabilities. Surveys of modern techniques of electron and photon spectrometry are also presented, and selected practical applications of inner-shell processes are outlined. Comprised of six chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the general principles underlying the experimental techniques that make use of radioactive isotopes for inner-shell transition measurements. The discussion then turns to electron spectrometry, its instrumentation as well as basic and operational principles; X-ray diffraction spectrometry, paying particular attention to types of X-ray spectrometers and general characteristics of crystal spectrometers; spectrometry with solid-state detectors; and proportional-counter spectrometry. The final chapter considers some practical applications of inner-shell ionization phenomena, with particular reference to X-ray fluorescence analysis and astrophysics. This book should be valuable to physicists and other scientists who plan to engage in research on atomic inner-shell processes.
Mass Society
1st Edition
Salvador Giner
English
Mass Society deals with the total outlook of human including modern politics culture, social inequality, community life, and problems. The book reviews the history of democracy and discontent. The text analyzes the mob rule, the disenchantment of progress, and the history of democracy. Modern sociological theory explains the opposition of two extreme societal models to describe the historical dynamics of mankind. The book is an attempt to explain that a mass society outlook exists and has some inner coherence and distinctive quality. The author argues that such outlook or theory is a prominent feature in the cultural imagination of man, and that modern secular society cannot be understood without such theory. The author then proceeds to identify majority with mass, and the identification of human with mass human. This identification will lead to a community vision, though the author argues the growth of a mass interpretation of society has a negative effect on the liberal theory of the individual. The text can be interesting for political science majors, sociologists, psychologists, and economists.
Physics of Nuclei and Particles
Volume II
1st Edition
Pierre Marmier + 1 more
English
Physics of Nuclei and Particles, Volume II explores the prevalent descriptive methods used in nuclear and particle physics, with emphasis on the phenomenological and model-based aspects. The interactions of nuclear particles are discussed, along with nuclear forces and potentials and scattering and reaction models employed in nuclear physics. The nuclear structure and models of the nucleus are also considered. Comprised of four chapters, this volume begins with a review of the characteristics of nucleons and other particles that play a role in nuclear interaction processes in order to gain further insight into the underlying physical problems. Neutron physics, antinucleons, deuteron physics, and two-body nuclear forces are highlighted, together with three- and four- nucleon systems and heavy-ion physics. The next three chapters deal with nuclear forces and potentials, as deduced from nuclear dynamics (scattering and polarization); scattering and reaction models used in nuclear physics; and nuclear models such as the shell model, models of deformed nuclei, and many-body self-consistent models. The book concludes with an analysis of the Brueckner-Bethe-Gold... theory of nuclear matter. This book will be of interest to physicists.
Basic Physical Training
Fifty-Five Exercises in Diagrams and in Words
1st Edition
Margaret Morris
English
Basic Physical Training explores health and correcting faults of breathing and posture to counteract the lack of natural movement in civilized life. This book is composed of two sections encompassing nine chapters, which evolved from the method of physical and mental training known as Margaret Morris Movement. Part I focuses on the closely inter-related practical objective of basic physical training, namely, the breathing, abdominal muscle training, feet strengthening, posture, stretching, relaxation, joint mobilization, and balance. Part II discusses the basic mechanism of breathing, followed by descriptions of exercises. This book will be of value to gymnasts, teachers, and people who wish to practice the exercises either for health or as a foundation for more strenuous training.
Gaseous Dielectrics II
Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Gaseous Dielectrics, Knoxville, Tennessee, U.S.A., March 9-13, 1980
1st Edition
Loucas G. Christophorou
English
Gaseous Dielectrics II focuses on the discussion of the progress and issues related with gaseous dielectrics, their efficient use by the electric power industry, and how they affect the environment. This book features contributors who have pursued extensive research on gaseous dielectrics. The discussion starts with a presentation of the fundamental physics covering the subject. In this regard, numerical analyses are presented to show the nature of gaseous dielectrics. This book then proceeds by presenting the fundamental mechanisms involving corona discharge and breakdown in air as well as discharge processes in SF6. Supporting the discussion are numerical calculations that show how the processes progress. A discussion of “new gaseous dielectrics” is also presented. In this consideration, the breakdown behavior of new gases and gas mixtures as well as their strength are elaborated. This topic is followed by the evaluation of the effect of surface defects on the breakdown of gases and gas mixtures. Another part of the book discusses the effects of conducting particles to gases and gas mixtures in gas-insulated systems. A discussion of the decomposition of gases and gas mixtures is presented, including high-voltage testing of gases and gas mixtures. The bioenvironmental effects of dielectric gases are also discussed. This selection is a valuable source of information for readers who are interested in studying the industrial utilization of gaseous dielectrics.
Stellar Evolution
2nd Edition
A. J. Meadows
English
Stellar Evolution, Second Edition covers the significant advances in the understanding of birth, life, and death of stars. This book is divided into nine chapters and begins with a description of the characteristics of stars according to their brightness, distance, size, mass, age, and chemical composition. The next chapters deal with the families, structure, and birth of stars. These topics are followed by discussions of the chemical composition and the evolution of main-sequence stars. A chapter focuses on the unique features of the sun as a star, including its evolution, magnetic fields, activity, corona, and neutrinos. Other chapters consider the life histories of individual stars from their birth to their death. The concluding chapter describes the massive changes in Earth's galaxy with time and their observational characteristics. This book will prove useful to astronomers and researchers.
Classical Thermodynamics of Non-Electrolyte Solutions
1st Edition
H. C. Van Ness
English
Classical Thermodynamics of Non-Electrolyte Solutions covers the historical development of classical thermodynamics that concerns the properties of vapor and liquid solutions of non-electrolytes. Classical thermodynamics is a network of equations, developed through the formal logic of mathematics from a very few fundamental postulates and leading to a great variety of useful deductions. This book is composed of seven chapters and begins with discussions on the fundamentals of thermodynamics and the thermodynamic properties of fluids. The succeeding chapter presents the equations of state for the calculation of the thermodynamic behavior of constant-composition fluids, both liquid and gaseous. These topics are followed by surveys of the mixing of pure materials to form a solution under conditions of constant temperature and pressure. The discussion then shifts to general equations for calculation of partial molal properties of homogeneous binary systems. The last chapter considers the approach to equilibrium of systems within which composition changes are brought about either by mass transfer between phases or by chemical reaction within a phase, or by both.
Men of Physics: Karl Lark-Horovitz
Pioneer in Solid State Physics
1st Edition
V. A. Johnson
D. ter Haar
English
Men of Physics: Karl Lark-Horovitz presents the biography of Karl Lark-Horovitz, a physicist who significantly contributed in the then-young field of experimental nuclear physics. This book discusses the Lark-Horovitz important work in structure determination by X-ray and electron diffraction methods. Organized into two parts encompassing 19 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the biographical account of Karl Lark-Horovitz. This text then describes Lark-Horovitz's creation of a highly regarded graduate program in physics at Purdue University, which is a feat involving both the acquisition of facilities in the face of enormous difficulties and the stimulation of young physicists to develop their talents. Other chapters consider Lark-Horovitz's personal efforts and achievements in the renascence and unfolding of the field now known as solid state physics. The final chapter describes the influence of physical phenomena on visual acuity and the apparent image size. This book is a valuable resource for physicists, teachers, and students.
Polymyositis and Dermatomyositis
1st Edition
Marinos C. Dalakas
English
Polymyositis and Dermatomyositis provides extensive information regarding Polymyositis and Dermatomyositis (PM/DM), which is described as a heterogeneous disease complex. This book is divided into four sections: Part I (Clinical Features) covers the classification of PM/DM, details of the clinical presentation, and the disease's association with the other connective tissue disorders and malignancies. Part II (Etiology and Mechanisms) covers advances in the immunopathology and viral etiology of PM/DM along with a frequently recognized entity: inclusion body myositis. Part III (Diagnosis and Treatment) covers the histologic, muscle enzyme histochemical, electron microscopic, and resin histology features of PM/DM along with those electromyographic features that could help make a more accurate diagnosis. Part IV (Overview) summarizes the issues that may not have been clear and highlights differing and unsettled views or present available data. This text is directed to clinicians in private practice or in academic institutions concerned with PM/DM patients, including neurologists, rheumatologists, pediatricians, dermatologists, physiatrists, and neuromuscular investigators. This book is intended as well for neuromuscular pathologists who interpret muscle biopsy specimens and electromyographers who perform EMG studies to help determine the clinical diagnosis. Researchers in immunology and immunopathology of neuromuscular diseases will find discussions in this book invaluable.
Diagnostics for Fusion Experiments
Proceedings of the Course, Varenna, Italy, 4-16 September 1978
1st Edition
E. Sindoni + 1 more
English
Diagnostics for Fusion Experiments provides information pertinent to the fundamental aspects of plasma physics. This book presents the requirement in measuring electron and ion temperatures at the multi-key level. Organized into four parts encompassing 36 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the principles and methods by which analysis of the fast neutrals obtained by charge exchange in the plasma volume can be utilized to obtain the plasma ion temperature. This text then examines the use of active particle beam systems in plasma diagnostics. Other chapters consider the source function for production of fast neutrals in Tokamak plasma. This book discusses as well the special diagnostic needs of mirror machines, with focus on diagnostics involving the higher-power neutral beams used with them. The final chapter deals with the standard mirror fission-fusion hybrid, tandem mirror, and the field-reversed mirror. This book is a valuable resource for experimental physicists and research workers.
Perspectives in Physical Education
1st Edition
Walter P. Kroll
English
Perspectives in Physical Education presents a summary of some of the important forces influencing the development of graduate study and research at universities; the origins of professional training for teachers of physical education; and the origins of a scientific or quasi-academic discipline of physical education. The book then discusses the first graduate study programs in physical education and the developments in graduate education. The dimensions of a profession; the research productivity in physical education; and the research laboratory in physical education are also considered. The book further tackles the scientific method in perspective; the unscientific problems in the development of a scientific model; and the establishment of priorities in research. People who teach and those who take courses in research methods, scientific foundations, seminars dealing with professional problems and curriculum issues, or independent research will find the text useful.
Atomic and Nuclear Chemistry
Atomic Theory and Structure of the Atom
1st Edition
T. A. H. Peacocke
J. E. Spice
English
Atomic and Nuclear Chemistry, Volume 1: Atomic Theory and Structure of the Atom presents the developments in classical atomic chemistry in the 19th century. This book discusses the atomic theory in terms of existing ideas on nuclear structure and the wave mechanics of electrons in atoms. Organized into six chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the origin of the atomic theory. This text then explores Berzelius's atomic weight tables. Other chapters consider Dalton's conception of an atom as a hard dense sphere. This book discusses as well the significant results of the simple wave mechanical treatment. The final chapter deals with the determination of the Avogadro's number, which enabled the actual masses of atoms and molecules to be determined. This book is a valuable resource for atomic physicists, chemists, and research workers. First-year university students who are taking chemistry as a subsidiary subject will also find this book useful.
Hydrotherapy and Physiotherapy
For Bath Attendants, Nurses and Biophysical Assistants
1st Edition
Lionel C. E. Calthrop
English
Hydrotherapy and Physiotherapy for Bath Attendants, Nurses and Biophysical Assistants considers the general principles and practice of hydrology and physiotherapy. This book is composed of two parts encompassing nine chapters. Part I deals first with the general principles of hydrology and hydrotherapy, followed by discussions on the application of water in motion in various forms, such as steam vapor, compresses, and hot air. Part II examines first the basic principles of physiotherapy, including the nature and properties of the physical forces that can be used for treatment. This part looks into forces or rays used medically, such as electro-magnetic, heat, light, actinic, X-rays, and radium rays. This book is directed to those who want to become bath attendants, nurses, and biophysical attendants.
Beams and Framed Structures
Structures and Solid Body Mechanics
2nd Edition
Jacques Heyman
B. G. Neal
English
Beams and Framed Structures, Second Edition deals with the material strength and stiffness of beams and plane frames. The theory of structures, as applied to frames, is examined, with emphasis on bending moments throughout the frame and the resulting deformations. Linear elastic structures and plastic collapse and elastic-plastic structures are considered. Comprised of three chapters, this book begins with an introduction to the basic equations on equilibrium, deformation, virtual work, and the relationship between bending moment and curvature. The next chapter is devoted to elastic beams and frames, with particular reference to the principle of superposition; energy methods for elastic frames; moment distribution; and thermal effects. The final chapter focuses on plastic beams and frames and covers topics such as theorems of plastic collapse; elastic-plastic analysis; deflexions at collapse; and interaction diagrams. Throughout the text, it is assumed that all members of a frame remain stable, so that instability phenomena do not occur. This monograph will be of interest to structural and mechanical engineers.
Geographical Distribution of the International Geophysical Year Stations
Annals of The International Geophysical Year, Vol. 8
1st Edition
M. Nicolet
English
Electronic Systems
Study Topics in Physics Book 8
1st Edition
William Bolton
English
Electronic Systems is concerned with electronic systems such as sine-wave oscillators, amplifiers with negative feedback, operational amplifiers, analogue and digital computers, switching circuits, bistable circuits, and microprocessors. This text is comprised of five chapters; the first of which introduces the basic ideas of a system, feedback, control, and logic gates. Examples of feedback and closed-loop control are given, and the distinction between the effects of positive and negative feedback is described, along with the functions of AND, OR, NOT, NOR, and NAND logic gates. The next chapters focus on the effects of resistors, capacitors, and inductors in circuits, as well as the developments in valves and semiconductors and the physics of conduction in solids, metals, and semiconductors. The final chapter considers the electronic applications of some of the ideas discussed in the previous chapters. This book is intended for students interested in physics and is recommended to be read prior to going to university.
Symmetries in Elementary Particle Physics
1964 International School of Physics Ettore Majorana, a CERN-MPI-NATO Advanced Study Institute
1st Edition
A Zichichi
English
Symmetries in Elementary Particle Physics focuses on the processes, methodologies, advancements, and reactions in elementary particle physics. The selection first offers information on symmetry principles in particle physics and vector and axial currents under first order symmetry breaking. Discussions focus on restrictions following from charge conjugation; non-renormalization theorem for the vector current octet; second class amplitudes for leptonic decays; and discrete symmetry operations. The text then takes a look at methods for assigning spin and parity to baryon resonances and general review of neutrino physics. The publication examines momentum spectrum of positrons from muon decay and the status of strong electromagnetic and weak interactions. Topics include basic physics, conservation laws, question of dynamics, and existential questions. The selection is a dependable reference for readers interested in the symmetries in elementary particle physics.
A Handbook of Operative Surgery and Surgical Anatomy
With Chapters on Instruments
3rd Edition
Karuna K. Chatterji
English
A Handbook of Operative Surgery and Surgical Anatomy with Chapters on Instruments presents the methods, techniques, and instruments used in operative surgery and surgical anatomy. The book covers broad aspects of surgical procedures and methods that are practiced in operating rooms. The text provides instructions and details on operations on various parts of the body such as the stomach, neck, central and sympathetic nervous systems, bones, and thorax. Methods of amputations, ligation of arteries, selection and use of instruments for operations and the electro-surgical methods of operation are elaborated as well. Surgeons, physicians, and those working in medical operating rooms will find the text invaluable.
Evaporation and Droplet Growth in Gaseous Media
1st Edition
N.A. Fuchs
R.S. Bradley
English
Evaporation and Droplet Growth in Gaseous Media deals with the evaporation of droplets of liquid in gaseous media and the reverse process of droplet growth in a medium supersaturated with the vapor of the liquid. Thediscussion is restricted to the kinetics of evaporation and growth of droplets of pure liquids (and heat transfer to the same). Comprised of three chapters, this book first examines the quasi-stationary evaporation and growth of droplets that are motionless relative to the medium and the hydrodynamic factor is absent. The Maxwell equation, the basis of the theory of evaporation of droplets in a gaseous medium, is taken into account. The influence of the Stefan flow and the concentration change at the surface on the rate of evaporation are considered, along with the evaporation of droplets in a vessel with absorbing walls and the fall in temperature of both free evaporating droplets and supported evaporating droplets. The second chapter is devoted to the quasi-stationary evaporation of droplets in a stream of gas, that is, droplets moving relative to the medium. The last chapter focuses on non-stationary evaporation and growth of droplets that either motionless or moving relative to the medium. This monograph will be of interest to students, practitioners, and researchers in inorganic and structural chemistry.
Progress in Nuclear Physics
Volume 3
2nd Edition
O. R. Frisch
English
Progress in Nuclear Physics, Volume 3 covers the advances in the experimental and theoretical studies on some aspects of nuclear physics. This volume is divided into nine chapters that include discussions on diffusion cloud chamber, precision instruments, and ?erenkov radiation. The opening chapter deals with the theory, design, and experimental applications of diffusion cloud chamber. The next chapters explored the energy measurements using proportional and solid conduction counters; the methods for studying orienting nuclei or nucleons; and the theoretical interpretation and practical applications of Čerenkov radiation. These topics are followed by discussions on positron annihilation, the role of stripping reactions in nuclear physics, and the production of intense ion beams. The final chapter considers the importance of the study of nucleon-deuteron collisions in nuclear physics. This book is of value to nuclear physicists and researchers in the allied fields.
The International Geophysical Year Meetings
Annals of The International Geophysical Year, Vol. 2
1st Edition
M. Nicolet
English
Annals of the International Geophysical Year, Volume IIB: The International Geophysical Year Meetings provides the general report and resolutions made on four meetings during the International Geophysical Year. This book is composed of four parts encompassing 13 chapters. The first part covers the four CSAGI Antarctic Conferences, followed by the CSAGI Arctic Conference held in Stockholm, Sweden on May 22-25, 1956. The remaining two parts consider the CSAGI Regional and Discipline Conferences. This book is of value to geophysicists and researchers in the field.
Chromatography in Geology
1st Edition
Volume 1
Arthur S. Ritchie
English
Methods in Geochemistry and Geophysics: Chromatography in Geology focuses on the applications of chromatography in geology, including partition and diffusion, ion exchange, mineral identification, and hydrogeochemistry. The manuscript first takes a look at the chromatographic processes and techniques. Discussions focus on precipitation chromatography, complex ion formation, role of chromatographic processes in chromatography, and partition and diffusion. The preparation of test columns, paper chromatography, adsorption and partition columns, chromatobox, and ion exchange are also tackled. The book then examines applications of chromatography to geology, including natural water sampling and stream analysis, hydrogeochemistry, soil, rock, and ore analysis, prospecting for fine gold, and analysis of coal ash. The identification of metal ions in minerals and mineral identification, analysis of magnesian limestones, and copper, gold, and silver assays are also discussed. The manuscript is a dependable source of data for readers interested in the applications of chromatography in geology.
Microwave System Engineering Principles
1st Edition
Samuel J. Raff
English
Microwave System Engineering Principles focuses on the calculus, differential equations, and transforms of microwave systems. This book discusses the basic nature and principles that can be derived from thermal noise; statistical concepts and binomial distribution; incoherent signal processing; basic properties of antennas; and beam widths and useful approximations. The fundamentals of propagation; LaPlace's Equation and Transmission Line (TEM) waves; interfaces between homogeneous media; modulation, bandwidth, and noise; and communications satellites are also deliberated in this text. This book is a good source for students and individuals intending to gain knowledge on numbers, formulas, and relationships relevant to the field of microwaves.
Problems in Metallurgical Thermodynamics and Kinetics
International Series on Materials Science and Technology
1st Edition
G. S. Upadhyaya + 1 more
D. W. Hopkins
English
Problems in Metallurgical Thermodynamics and Kinetics provides an illustration of the calculations encountered in the study of metallurgical thermodynamics and kinetics, focusing on theoretical concepts and practical applications. The chapters of this book provide comprehensive account of the theories, including basic and applied numerical examples with solutions. Unsolved numerical examples drawn from a wide range of metallurgical processes are also provided at the end of each chapter. The topics discussed include the three laws of thermodynamics; Clausius-Clapeyron equation; fugacity, activity, and equilibrium constant; thermodynamics of electrochemical cells; and kinetics. This book is beneficial to undergraduate and postgraduate students in universities, polytechnics, and technical colleges.
Fluoride Glass Fiber Optics
1st Edition
Ishwar D. Aggarwal + 1 more
English
Fluoride Glass Fiber Optics reviews the fundamental aspects of fluoride glasses. This book is divided into nine chapters. Chapter 1 discusses the wide range of fluoride glasses with an emphasis on fluorozirconate-base... compositions. The structure of simple fluoride systems, such as BaF2 binary glass is elaborated in Chapter 2. The third chapter covers the intrinsic transparency of fluoride glasses from the UV to the IR, with particular emphasis on the multiphonon edge and electronic edge. The next three chapters are devoted to ultra-low loss optical fibers, reviewing methods for purifying and analyzing the fluoride glass raw materials. The sources of loss are considered in Chapter 6, while the work performed on the durability of fluoride glasses is analyzed in Chapter 7. Chapter 8 focuses on the effects of radiation on fluoride glasses. The last chapter deliberates the area of active phenomena such as doping of fluoride glasses with rare-earth elements for fluorescence and lasing, as well as frequency doubling. This publication is a good reference for students and researchers conducting work on fluoride glasses.