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Atomic and Nuclear Chemistry
Atomic Theory and Structure of the Atom
- 1st Edition - January 1, 1967
- Author: T. A. H. Peacocke
- Editor: J. E. Spice
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 1 0 3 3 8 6 - 9
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 1 - 4 0 2 0 - 9
Atomic and Nuclear Chemistry, Volume 1: Atomic Theory and Structure of the Atom presents the developments in classical atomic chemistry in the 19th century. This book discusses the… Read more
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Request a sales quoteAtomic and Nuclear Chemistry, Volume 1: Atomic Theory and Structure of the Atom presents the developments in classical atomic chemistry in the 19th century. This book discusses the atomic theory in terms of existing ideas on nuclear structure and the wave mechanics of electrons in atoms. Organized into six chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the origin of the atomic theory. This text then explores Berzelius's atomic weight tables. Other chapters consider Dalton's conception of an atom as a hard dense sphere. This book discusses as well the significant results of the simple wave mechanical treatment. The final chapter deals with the determination of the Avogadro's number, which enabled the actual masses of atoms and molecules to be determined. This book is a valuable resource for atomic physicists, chemists, and research workers. First-year university students who are taking chemistry as a subsidiary subject will also find this book useful.
Foreword
Preface
1 Classical Atomic Theory
The Origin of the Atomic Theory
Dalton
The Controversy of Proust and Berthollet, Daltonide and Berthollide Compounds
The Laws of Chemical Combination and the Atomic Theory
Gay Lussac
Avogadro
Berzelius
Dumas
Cannizaro
2 The Classification of the Elements
Döbereiner and the Law of Triads
Newlands and the Law of Octaves
The Periodic Law, Mendele'ef and Lothar Meyer
Comparison of "Ekasilicon" with Germanium
Atomic Volume
Mendele'ef's Periodic Table
Discussion of the Main Features of the Table
Oxidation State
3 Atoms and Electrons
The Brownian Movement
The Conduction of Electricity Through Gases
Cathode Rays and X-Rays
Positive Rays
Thomson's Work on the Determination of E/M for Cathode Rays
E/M with a Transverse Magnetic Field only
E/M with the Fine Beam Tube
The Mass of the Electron
Townsend's Determination of e
Millikan's Determination of e
The Measurement of Molecular and Atomic Radii
(i) The Van de Waals Equation
(ii) Langmuir's Work with Surface Films
(iii) X-Ray Diffraction
The Determination of the Avogadro Number
4 Atomic Structure
The Thomson Model
The Scattering of A-Particles by Gold Foil
Rutherford's Nuclear Model
Moseley's Work on the Measurement of X-Ray Spectra
The Significance of Atomic Number
Optical Spectra
The Excitation of Spectra
Emission and Absorption Spectra
The Spectrum of Hydrogen
Spectral Series
Fine Structure
Black Body Radiation
Planck's Quantum Theory
Lenard's Observation of the Photoelectric Effect
Einstein's Postulate of the Photon
The Rutherford-Bohr Theory of the Atom
5 The Development of the Wave Mechanical Model of the Atom
Extension of the Böhr Theory
Electronic Structure of the Rutherford-Böhr-Sommerfeld Atom, Pauli's Exclusion Principle, Quantum Numbers, Energy Levels
Ionization Potentials
Ionization Energy Curves
Ionization Energies and Chemical Properties
Weaknesses of the Bohr-Sommerfeld Treatment
De Broglie's Theory of the Dual Nature of Matter
Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle
The Wave Mechanical Atom
Schrödinger's Theory and Born's Extension
6 The Determination of Atomic Weights
The Development of Standards of Atomic Weight
The Constancy of Atomic Weights
Physical Methods of Determining Atomic Weights, Vapor Density Methods
Limiting Density
The Determination of Atomicity
Reynault's Measurements of Gas Density
Whytlaw-Gray's Development of the Buoyancy Balance
Ramsay and Whytlaw-Gray's Determination of the Atomic Weight of Radon
Thomson's Work on Positive Ray Analysis
Aston's Development of the Mass Spectrograph
Mass Spectrometers
Aston's Packing Fraction
Nuclear Binding Energy
Chemical Methods of Determining Atomic Weights
Dumas's Analysis of Water
Morley's Analysis of Water
Stas's Determination of Atomic Weights
Richards's Determination of Atomic Weights
Appendix 1 To Determine the Potential Energy of an Electron in a Given Orbit of Radius r.
Appendix 2 The Measurement of Lattice Spacing.
Miscellaneous Questions
Answers to Numerical Questions
The Elements Arranged in Alphabetical Order of their Chemical Symbol
Periodic Table of the Elements
Index
1.1. To illustrate the Law of Multiple Proportions by Formation of the Two Chlorides of Copper
1.2. Illustration of Gay-Lussac's Law, by Reacting Ammonia with a Given Volume of Chlorine and Measuring the Residual Volume of Nitrogen
2.1. Properties of Transitional Elements
2.2. Paramagnetism of Liquid Oxygen
2.3. Properties of Hydrogen Chloride in the Anhydrous State
3.1. To View the Brownian Movement
3.2. Millikan's Experiment
3.3. Measurement of the Cross-Section of the Oleic Acid Molecule
5.1. Measurement of the First Ionization Potential of Xenon
6.1. Construction and Use of a Buoyancy Balance
6.2. Determination of the Atomic Weights of Silver, Chlorine and Nitrogen by Gravimetric Analysis
- No. of pages: 160
- Language: English
- Edition: 1
- Published: January 1, 1967
- Imprint: Pergamon
- Paperback ISBN: 9780081033869
- eBook ISBN: 9781483140209
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