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Elsevier

Books in Environmental sciences

The Environmental Sciences titles present critical research and insights into the complex interactions within natural ecosystems, climate systems, and human impacts on the environment. Covering areas such as biodiversity, sustainability, climate change, and resource management, these titles support scientific discovery and practical solutions for addressing today’s most pressing environmental challenges. This collection is essential for researchers, policymakers, and students dedicated to advancing environmental understanding and stewardship

  • Case Studies in Oceanography and Marine Affairs

    Prepared by an Open University Course Team
    • 1st Edition
    • Joan Brown
    • Gerry Bearman
    • English
    This is the last volume in the six-volume Open University set. Each volume is required by students as a relevant part of the Open University course but designed so that it can equally be used as an individual textbook. This volume differs from the others in the series in that it does not draw specifically upon traditional scientific disciplines. The first part of the book provides an historical review of the Law of the Sea culminating in the present day situation. The second part is devoted to two case studies, covering not only the scientific aspects of a particular oceanographic environment, but also the social, political and legal consequences and implications of human interactions with that environment. Each volume in this set is well laid out and copiously illustrated with full colour photographs. Questions to help develop arguments can be found in the text with answers provided at the back. Each chapter concludes with a summary to help consolidate understanding before proceeding with the next section.

  • Energy, Resources and Environment

    Papers Presented at the First U.S.-China Conference on Energy, Resources and Environment, 7-12 November 1982, Beijing, China
    • 1st Edition
    • S.W. Yuan
    • English
    Energy, Resources and Environment documents the first U.S.-China Conference and discusses the concerns about the world's energy situation, such as its resource, environmental effects, and possible alternative sources. The book is comprised of 72 chapters including the keynote address, five lecture papers, and 66 technical papers that are organized according to its contents, specifically the type of energy it discusses. The text begins with the keynote address, and then discusses the plenary and technical papers. The plenary papers discuss the importance of energy, resources, environment, and future development. The technical papers cover the technological advancement of alternative energy source and their application. The conference covers the following theme: chemical fuels, coal energy, electric power systems, energy conservation, geothermal and other natural energy, hydropower, ice storage for cooling, solar energy, wind energy, economic aspect of energy utilization, and impact of energy on the environment. The book will be of great interest to individuals concerned with the development of alternative energy sources. Researchers whose work involves alternative energy will be able to make use of this book as a reference material.

  • Kenya: A Natural Outlook

    Geo-Environmental Resources and Hazards
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 16
    • English
    Kenya is a thriving country in East Africa: its economy is largely based on the natural environment that frames the tourism sector, mainly through safaris and holidays on the coast. The natural environment also underpins the second largest industry: agriculture. Kenya’s social, technological, and industrial developments are a reference for many neighboring countries. Kenya plays a leading role in Africa and attracts huge amounts of investments. Furthermore, the humanitarian community has made Nairobi its base for international headquarters and regional offices. This makes Kenya a possible model for development and investment in its widest sense. This book aims at updating the holistic view on Kenya’s natural environment and resources. It provides a sound scientific introduction to this country’s physical and socioeconomic setting and its evolution through time and will appeal to a broad audience of students – in Kenya and abroad – as well as those working in the development and humanitarian sectors and to international donors looking for a scientific compendium on Kenya’s environment. Its structure and references allow the reader to deepen his or her knowledge of every theme touched on in the book.

  • Total Environmental Control

    The Economics of Cross-Media Pollution Transfers
    • 1st Edition
    • Julian Lowe + 2 more
    • English
    Total Environmental Control: The Economics of Cross-Media Pollution Transfers covers the theoretical basis of cross-media transfers of pollution. This book is organized into three parts encompassing 11 chapters that discuss the difference between cross-media transfers and trade-offs. It addresses the common thread of economic analysis. This book deals first with the definitions of voluntary solutions to cross-media problems and provides an introduction to sewage treatment and disposal. The next chapters are concerned with the basic oxygen furnace; description of electric arc furnace; conceptual and practical problems in the evaluation of environmental costs and benefits; and energy requirements for pollution control in specific industries. These topics are followed by discussions of the use of Delphi technique, the environmental energy requirements, and the status of the iron and steel manufacture. The last chapter is devoted to the case studies of fertilizer manufacturers and on the water pollution control. The book can provide useful information to environmentalists, scientists, students, and researchers.

  • Systems Analysis in Ecology

    • 1st Edition
    • Kenneth E. F. Watt
    • English
    Systems Analysis in Ecology surveys the problems and techniques of systems analysis in ecology. The opening and closing chapters were written by the editor, the first to explain why systems analysis is needed in ecology and what is meant by the term, and the last to point out the implications of this new approach for the future development of ecology. The book opens with a discussion of the nature of systems analysis. This is followed by separate chapters on the complexity of ecological systems and problems in their study and management; the organization and analytical procedures required by a large ecological systems study; telemetry and automatic data acquisition systems; and surveillance of the activities of small mammals. Subsequent chapters deal with the analysis of bird navigation experiments; the analysis of determination in population systems; building models of complex ecological systems; mathematical tools for the design of better salmon fishery management systems; and the evolution of ecological research programs.

  • Adsorption Processes for Water Treatment

    • 1st Edition
    • Samuel D. Faust + 1 more
    • English
    Adsorption Processes for Water Treatment discusses the application of adsorption in water purification. The book is comprised of 10 chapters that detail the carbon and resin adsorptive processes for potable water treatment. The text first covers the elements of surface chemistry and then proceeds to discussing adsorption models. Chapter 3 tackles the kinetics of adsorption, while Chapter 4 deals with batch systems and fixed fluid beds. Next, the book talks about the physical and chemical properties of carbon. The next two chapters discuss the adsorption of organic compounds and the removal of inorganic compounds, respectively. The eighth chapter presents operational, pilot plant, and case studies. Chapter 9 discusses the biological activated carbon treatment of drinking water, and Chapter 10 covers the adsorption of macroreticular resins. The book will be of great use to both researchers and professionals involved in the research and development of water treatment process.

  • Methods of Treatment of Unstable Ground

    • 1st Edition
    • F G Bell
    • English
    Methods of Treatment of Unstable Ground focuses on the methods of treatment that have been adopted by engineers in their attempts to make unstable ground usable. These methods are meant to stabilize ground, either temporarily as in ground-water lowering or freezing techniques, or permanently as in grouting. This book is comprised of 11 chapters. The first of which reviews some of the modern techniques in addressing problems caused by unstable ground, including those caused by water in excavations, instability of natural or excavated slopes, the settlement of structures on soft or loose soils, and subsidence due to extraction of minerals from the ground. These techniques range from ground-water lowering to the use of an impermeable barrier around the excavation to prevent inflow and at the same time maintain the surrounding water table at its normal level. Attention then turns to the use of electro-osmosis and electrochemical stabilization in ground engineering; control of groundwater by excluding it through grouting; and fundamental conditions governing the penetration of grouts. The remaining chapters explore grout selection based on engineering performance; ground conditions in mining areas; clay grouting and alluvial grouting; and ground freezing. Finally, the use of cement to stabilize soil and of vibroflotation to improve poor ground below foundations of structures is described. This book should prove useful to engineers engaged in ground engineering.

  • Key Environments: Malaysia

    • 1st Edition
    • Earl of Cranbrook
    • English
    Of the vast area of structurally similar vegetation that forms the Far Eastern tropical rain forest block, only the forests of peninsular Malaysia lie on the mainland of Asia. Although showing some influence from this source, the flora and fauna are distinctive and exceedingly rich in species. Among other factors, this richness reflects the complex structure of the vegetation, justly famous for the extensive stands of tall trees that create the conditions to which many smaller plants, fungi and a huge variety of animals are adapted. After a century of scientific investigation, it is now possible to understand peninsular Malaysia's complex ecosystem as an essential prerequisite to the successful management for conservation and long-term productivity in the area. Compiled by authors with personal experience of the region, this book constitutes the most authoritative account of this diverse and fragile region. It is essential reading for all those interested in Malaysia and its conservation.

  • ACOPS Yearbook 1986-87

    Advisory Committee on Pollution of the Sea, London
    • 1st Edition
    • Advisory Committee on Advisory Committee on Pollutio
    • English
    An annual review of activities by governmental and non-governmental organizations concerning remedies for global pollution, together with scientific and technical reports containing surveys of pollution in the maritime environment.

  • Environmental Pollutants—Selected Analytical Methods

    Scope 6
    • 1st Edition
    • Sam Stuart
    • English
    Environmental Pollutants - Selected Analytical Methods (SCOPE6) presents a number of carefully chosen analytical methods for use in the determination of trace amounts of certain substances in the environment. This compilation is prepared by the Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment (SCOPE), an international council of scientists who provide advice with respect to environmental problems. The book contains a wide variety of methods in the determination of chemical elements and compounds in various segments of the environment, in air, water, soil and biota. The methods described in the compendium include Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry in the determination of airborne particulate lead, cadmium, cobalt, and vanadium. The use of the Ring Oven Technique in the determination of airborne particulate zinc, nickel, and copper is discussed. The determination of mercury in the air, water, and biological media is also elucidated. The book will be of great use to chemists, ecologists, biologists, and researchers concerned with environmental pollution monitoring.

  • Extreme Environments

    Mechanisms of Microbial Adaptation
    • 1st Edition
    • Milton R. Heinrich
    • English
    Extreme Environments: Mechanisms of Microbial Adaptation is a collection of papers presented at the symposium on Extreme Environments: Mechanisms of Microbial Adaptation, held at Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California in June 1974. The meeting emphasizes research work leading to an understanding of the molecular mechanisms that allow the organism to survive extreme environments. The book presents lectures and papers on the general aspects of microbial adaptation; effects of temperature and high salt concentration on the various steps in information transfer; and on microbial enzymes. Effects of temperature, salt, and pressure on membrane structure and function are analyzed as well. The book will be of interest to biologists, microbiologists, biochemists, zoologists, and students of life sciences.

  • Environmental Health

    • 2nd Edition
    • P. Walton Purdom
    • English
    Environmental Health presents the interaction of man and his environment as it affects his physical and mental health as well as social well-being. This book provides a detailed review of man–environment–heal... interrelationships and a basic background for those working in any environmental health discipline. Organized into 12 chapters, this book begins with an overview of environmental health as the aspect of public health that is concerned with those forms of life, forces, substances, and conditions in the surrounding of man that may exert an influence on man's well-being and health. This text then examines the health hazards associated with certain occupations. Other chapters consider the health aspects of housing and its environment. This book discusses as well the nature of environmental hazards and the relationships of environment and health of man. The final chapter deals with the overall perspective for the planning and management of the environment. This book is a valuable resource for individuals working in the environmental health sciences.

  • Ministering to Minds Diseased

    A History of Psychiatric Treatment
    • 1st Edition
    • Wilfrid Llewelyn Jones
    • English
    Ministering to Minds Diseased: A History of Psychiatric Treatment focuses on the advancements of methodologies, approaches, and techniques in the practice of psychiatry. The book first offers information on early physical treatments, epilepsy and its treatment, and later physical treatments. Discussions focus on hydrotherapy, bloodletting and transfusion, sleep, shock, and electrical treatments, fever therapy, and insulin and convulsion treatments. The manuscript then ponders on medicinal treatment, including narcotics, neuroleptic and antidepressant drugs, chemistry and the development of psychopharmacology, and lithium, vitamin, and hormone treatments. The text takes a look at the expansion of psychotherapy, behavior therapy, and evolution of mental hospitals. Topics include action techniques in psychotherapy, meditation, music therapy, early hospitals, madhouses, conditions, abuses, and reforms in hospitals, and retreat into custodialism. The manuscript then examines the development of a mental health service, including work therapy, treatment in the community, and mental nursing. The publication is a dependable source material for mental health experts and readers interested in psychiatric treatment.

  • Weather Studies

    The Commonwealth and International Library: Rural and Environmental Studies Division
    • 1st Edition
    • L. P. Smith
    • A. R. Gemmell + 2 more
    • English
    Weather Studies presents thorough discussions on various aspects of weather and weather studies. This text first presents the methods of measuring the weather, including measuring the temperature, humidity, rainfall, snowfall, visibility, wind force and direction, and pressure. Then, this book explains how to put these measurements in graphs to better present the data. This topic is followed by discussions on “weather in pairs,” or the relationships of weather measurements, such as of temperature and pressure, wind, and humidity, as well as of visibility and wind direction and humidity. This book ends by discussing local weather and forecasting the weather. This selection will be very invaluable to those studying the weather, including weather researchers, meteorologists, and students of meteorology.

  • Advances in Oxytocin Research

    Proceedings of a Symposium Held on 1st May 1964 Under the Auspices of the Blair-Bell Research Society at the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, Sussex Place, Regent's Park, London, England
    • 1st Edition
    • J. H. M. Pinkerton
    • English
    Advances in Oxytocin Research documents the proceedings of a symposium held by the Blair-Bell Research Society at the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, London, England, on 1st May 1964. Oxytocin was chosen as the subject of the symposium due to recent important work on its physiology and pharmacology, and the availability of a new method of administering the drug for the induction of labor in women after extensive study in America, Europe, and Great Britain. The volume contains papers presented by during the two sessions held during the symposium. The first session on the physiology and pharmacology of oxytocin includes studies on the circulatory effects of oxytocin, release of oxytocin during parturition, and the release of oxytocin in domestic animals. The second session on clinical applications includes papers on the endocrine control of labour, clinical trials of buccal oxytocin, and tge oxytocin sensitivity test. Also included are the opening remarks by Sir Arthur Bell, President of the Blair-Bell Society and the Chairman’s Introduction at the beginning of each session.

  • Lakes of New York State

    Ecology of the Finger Lakes
    • 1st Edition
    • Jay A. Bloomfield
    • English
    Lakes of New York State, Volume I: Ecology of the Finger Lakes describes the state of Finger Lakes, which is a group of eleven elongated bodies of water of glacial origin in the west-central portion of New York, and its respective watershed. This book assesses the structure of the Finger Lakes’ plant and animal communities and how these communities interact with the abiotic components of the environment. The condition of the lakes from the standpoint of fish population dynamics are also analyzed, including an examination of the various physical, chemical, and biological aspects of the lakes' ecosystem. This text ranks the Finger Lakes into a unilateral trophic list by tabulating their trophic information according to three commonly used indicator measurements— average summer Secchi disc depth, average summer chlorophyll a concentration, and average winter total phosphorus level. This publication is valuable to limnologists and ecologists working on temperate zone freshwater lakes.

  • Biological Aspects of Freshwater Pollution

    Proceedings of the Course Held at the Joint Research Centre of the Commission of the European Communities, Ispra, Italy, 5-9 June 1978
    • 1st Edition
    • O. Ravera
    • English
    Ten well-known experts in their specific field illustrate and discuss the fundamentals of the effects of pollution on fresh water organisms, populations and communities, providing an up-to-date picture of research on this crucial problem

  • Ecology of the Lakes of East-Central New York

    • 1st Edition
    • Jay A. Bloomfield
    • English
    Lakes of New York State, Volume III: Ecology of the Lakes of East-Central New York discusses the limnology of three lakes in the New York State—Otsego Lake (Glimmerglass), Canadarago Lake, and Saratoga Lake. This book is divided into three chapters. Chapter 1 describes Otsego Lake as one of the deeper lakes in the state with a maximum depth of 50.5 m. The historical data, ecosystem, geography, and hydrology of Canadarago Lake are discussed in Chapter 2. The last chapter categorizes Saratoga Lake as a productive lake exhibiting the classic symptoms of cultural eutrophication—low water clarity, growth of nuisance algae, hypolimnetic oxygen depletion, and the presence of fecal bacteria in the water. This publication is beneficial to limnologists and ecologists working on freshwater lakes.

  • Studies in the Scottish Lateglacial Environment

    • 1st Edition
    • J. M. Gray + 1 more
    • English
    Studies in the Scottish Lateglacial Environment presents information on environmental reconstructions and dramatic changes, as well as the important implications of studies of the Lateglacial environment for Quaternary studies and modern climatic variations. Composed of 10 chapters, this book begins with a review of the Late Devensian glaciation in north-east Scotland. Then, detailed evidence concerning Lateglacial sea-level changes in the Earn-Tay area and their relationship to deglaciation is presented. Subsequent chapters explore the validity of the Oban-Ford Moraine, the only pre-Loch Lomond Readvance moraine remaining virtually unchallenged in the literature; reconstruction of Lateglacial and early Flandrian environments in south-west Scotland; and the fauna in marine sediments at Lochgilphead. Other chapters describe results of pollen-stratigraphic investigations at six Lateglacial sites in the southern and eastern Grampian Highlands; analyses of biological and chemical variables from sediment profiles from lochs in northern Scotland; and radiocarbon dates that are related to pollen profiles from the Scottish Highlands and the Isle of Skye. This book will be of value to students of Quaternary, as this text provides an integrated survey of available information in this field.

  • Instrumentation Control and Automation for Waste-Water Treatment Systems

    Progress in Water Technology
    • 1st Edition
    • J. F. Andrews + 2 more
    • English
    Progress in Water Technology, Volume 6: Instrumentation Control and Automation for Waste-Water Treatment Systems contains the proceedings of the International Association on Water Pollution Research Workshop on Instrumentation Control and Automation for Waste-water Treatment Systems, held in London in September 1973. Contributors review major advances that have been made in instrumentation control and automation of wastewater treatment. This volume consists of 70 chapters organized into six sections. The work of the Directorate General Water Engineering in the Department of the Environment in the UK and the Environmental Protection Agency in the United States with respect to promotion of instrumentation, control, and automation for wastewater treatment systems is first discussed. This discussion is followed by a chapter that describes the effects of water pollution legislation in The Netherlands on the selection of wastewater treatment plants and their consequences for consulting engineers regarding process, technical, and economical feasibility. A real-time water quality management system for a major river in Pennsylvania is also considered, along with effluent control and instrumentation in Europe. The chapters that follow focus on instrumentation and control problems in the design of a modern sewage works; installation of field equipment in automated process control systems; process control for biological treatment of organic industrial wastewaters; and the use of computers to control sewage treatment. This book will be of interest to authorities, planners, and policymakers involved in wastewater treatment and water pollution control.

  • Estuarine Interactions

    • 1st Edition
    • Martin L. Wiley
    • English
    Estuarine Interactions is a compilation of papers presented at the Fourth International Estuarine Research Federation Conference, held at the Mount Airy Lodge, Mount Pocono, Pennsylvania in October 1977. The compendium consists of scientific investigations on the structure and functioning of estuaries and adjacent environments. This volume includes the written form of the invited papers that were part of eight sessions. Papers presented deal with topics on estuarine management needs, impacts of coastal engineered systems, and productivity and initial photosynthate dispersion in the ecosystem. Natural catastrophic events in the estuarine environment, the impact of possible climatic changes on estuarine ecosystems, and pollutant cycling and water quality are likewise discussed. Estuarine scientists will find the book invaluable.

  • Sources of Air Pollution and Their Control

    Air Pollution
    • 2nd Edition
    • Arthur C. Stern
    • English
    Air Pollution, Second Edition, Volume III: Sources of Air Pollution and Their Control discusses the cause, effect, transport, measurement, and control of air pollution. The volume tackles the emissions to the atmosphere from the principal air pollution sources; the control techniques and equipment used to minimize these emissions; the applicable laws, regulations, and standards; and the administrative and organizational procedures used to administer these laws, regulations, and standards. Engineers, physicians, meteorologists, lawyers, economists, sociologists, agronomists, toxicologists, and public administrators will find the book a valuable reference material.

  • Ecology of the Northern Lowland Bogs and Conifer Forests

    • 1st Edition
    • James A. Larsen
    • English
    Ecology of the Northern Lowland Bogs and Conifer Forests is a book on the ecology of bogs and conifer swamps and, to some extent, the marshlands. The chapters that follow are, for the most part, a review of what is known about the northern bogs and lowland forests, written in the terminology of science in the hope, as well as the expectation, that such knowledge will be of value to those who appreciate the beauty of bogs and marshlands, to ecologists and other biological scientists, naturalists, wildlife conservationists, hunters, trappers, construction engineers, as well as to others whose vocations or avocations take them afield. The discussion is devoted, at least primarily, to the ecology of one kind of wetland—the lowland bogs and conifer forests—and treats only in passing the marshlands and other kinds of vegetational communities that are also classified as wetlands. Of particular concern are the lowland peat bogs and forests, especially those that have developed to a point where their identity is indisputable for the simple reason that no other review of accumulated knowledge on these vegetational communities is presently available.

  • Underwater Technology

    Offshore Petroleum
    • 1st Edition
    • L. Atteraas + 2 more
    • English
    Underwater Technology: Offshore Petroleum covers the proceedings of the Underwater Technology Conference. The book discusses the development of safe and economic underwater operations and systems for underwater petroleum production. The text is comprised of 20 chapters, which are divided into four parts according to the areas of concern they tackle. Part 1 concerns itself with subsea production systems, and Part 2 tackles the operations system. Part 3 covers topics relating to inspection, reliability, and control, while Part 4 discusses testing. The book will be of great interest to professionals and researchers concerned with the development of underwater petroleum production.

  • Kinetics of Wastewater Treatment

    Proceedings of a Post-Conference Seminar Held at the Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, 1978
    • 1st Edition
    • S. H. Jenkins
    • English
    Kinetics of Wastewater Treatment contains the proceedings of a post-conference seminar held at the Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen in 1978. Separating 10 papers presented in the seminar as chapters, this book begins with the conceptual basis of calcium phosphate precipitation in a denitrifying biofilm. The influence of pH and calcium ions upon phosphorus transformations in biological wastewater treatment plants; sewage treatment by activated sludge; orthokinetic flocculation of phosphate precipitates in a multicomponent reactor with non-ideal flow; and kinetics of phosphorus transformations in aerobic and anaerobic environments are then described. This text also looks into the chemical floc formation in wastewater treatment; temperature dependency of microbial reactions; the influence of some environmental factors on floc kinetics; kinetics of biological flocs; and two step precipitation of calcium phosphates.

  • Chlorinated Dioxins & Related Compounds

    Impact on the Environment
    • 1st Edition
    • O. Hutzinger + 3 more
    • English
    The complex multidisciplinary problem posed by PCDD can best be understood by the interaction of scientists from different disciplines. This workshop was organised to allow scientific exchange by such experts. The most recent advances in analytical methodology, environmental fate and levels, incineration toxicology (metabolism), animal toxicology and observations in man are covered

  • Recent Advances in Aerosol Research

    A Bibliographical Review
    • 1st Edition
    • C. N. Davies
    • English
    Recent Advances in Aerosol Research: A Bibliographical Review presents a bibliographic review of advances in aerosol research covering the period from the beginning of 1957 to the end of 1962. Topics covered include chemical reactions, combustion, coagulation and diffusion, and adhesion of particles. References on filtration, evaporation and condensation, nucleation and growth, and laminar flow and impingement are also included. This volume is comprised of 19 chapters and begins by citing research on acoustic, ultrasonic, and shock wave effects, along with adhesion of particles, chemical reactions, combustion, coagulation and diffusion, and filtration. The following chapters deal with evaporation and condensation, nucleation and growth, laminar flow and impingement, generators, photophoresis, and the optics of aerosols. Other chapters focus on radioactivity, sampling instruments, sedimentation and fluid resistance, thermophoresis, and diffusiophoresis. The last chapter highlights turbulent flow and deposition of aerosols. This monograph will be a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners interested in aerosols.

  • Environment and Energy

    Environmental Aspects of Energy Production and Use with Particular Reference to New Technologies a Report of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe
    • 1st Edition
    • Sam Stuart
    • English
    Environment and Energy: A Report of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe presents the various sources of energy, their reserves, and their consumption patterns. This book discusses the technological aspect as well as the environmental aspects of energy. Organized into four chapters, this book begins with an overview of the technological and demand trends of energy. This text then examines the main sources of energy creating the least environmental problems, including solar power, hydro power, and natural gas. Other chapters consider the conversion into electricity of fossil fuels, hydro powers, and nuclear. This book discusses as well the various methods under development that relate to energy sources of substantial significance. The final chapter deals with the higher economic efficiency of geothermal power plants than fossil or nuclear fuelled power plants as there is no need for sub-systems. This book is a valuable resource for engineers, scientists, and research workers.

  • Environmental Impact of Energy Strategies Within the EEC

    A Report Prepared for the Environment and Consumer Protection, Service of the Commission of the European Communities
    • 1st Edition
    • Sam Stuart
    • English
    Environmental Impact of Energy Strategies within the EEC is a report prepared for the Environment and Consumer Protection Service of the Commission of the European Communities. The report aims to examine the effects on the environment of the production and use of different forms of energy within the community and to determine the scope for minimizing environmental impact through the adoption of appropriate energy strategies. After an introduction, this report presents in Sections 2 and 3 the summary, conclusions, and recommendations presented at the time of the Nuclear Hearings. The main body of the report is further divided into two parts. Part A contains the assessment of future community energy needs and the forecasts of primary energy supply according to various alternative energy strategies. Part B focuses on the potential environmental consequences resulting from the production and consumption of different sources of energy.

  • Changing the Global Environment

    Perspectives on Human Involvement
    • 1st Edition
    • Daniel B. Botkin + 2 more
    • English
    Changing the Global Environment: Perspectives on Human Involvement focuses on the extent of global environmental changes and the extent to which technology can be employed to improve the global environment. This book is divided into three sections. Section I sets forth a broad perspective on specific conceptual issues of concern such as the sustainable use of the global ocean; deforestation and extinction of species; large-scale alteration of biological productivity due to transported pollutants; and soil degradation and conversion of tropical rainforests. The second section discusses technologies of remote sensing, computer-based data systems, and advanced chemical analytical techniques. The interactions among social, environmental, and economic goals and the role that technological advances might play in attaining these goals are deliberated in Section III. This publication is valuable to environmentalists and students interested in how technologies can change man’s perception of the environment.

  • Fundamentals

    • 2nd Edition
    • Frank H. Attix + 1 more
    • English
    Radiation Dosimetry, Second Edition, Volume I: Fundamentals describes the significant aspects and fundamentals of radiation dosimetry. This books deals with the concepts and units of dosimetry; special problems of energy deposition in the microscopic domain; interactions of x and y rays, charged particles, and neutrons with matter; mathematical theory of radiation fields; ionization; and cavity-chamber theory. Other topics discussed include the LET distributions, Compton and photoelectric effect, pair production by photons, dosimetry principles, and interactions of neutrons with tissue elements. The calculation of neutron dose in large objects; ionization in gases, liquids, and solids; and cavity dimensions comparable with the electron ranges are also deliberated. This publication likewise covers the measurement of absorbed dose and exposure and application of cavity theory to devices other than the ionization chamber. This volume is a valuable reference for radiation workers, but is also beneficial to students and researchers interested in radiation dosimetry.

  • The Effects of Weapons on Ecosystems

    Unep Studies
    • 1st Edition
    • J. P. Robinson
    • English
    The Effects of Weapons on Ecosystems is a five-chapter book that describes the destruction of environment and its various ecosystems by humans. The book also explains the harmful effects, both intended and unanticipated, of the production, testing, stockpiling, and use of weapons of mass destruction. Organized into five chapters, the book begins with a classification of weapons of mass destruction and ecosystems. Subsequent chapter reviews the ecosystemic effects of weapons from data of ecological surveys of actual weapon test-sites and theaters of war. The book will clarify some outstanding issues on effects of weapons on ecosystems to concerned individuals, stimulate follow-up studies to advance the cause of disarmament and the protection of the environment, and lead to further action on these issues.

  • Perceptual Modification

    Adapting to Altered Sensory Environments
    • 1st Edition
    • Robert B. Welch
    • Edward C. Carterette + 1 more
    • English
    Perceptual Modification: Adapting to Altered Sensory Environments is about the study of human perception using a particular research strategy: the systematic alteration of vision or audition. It is assumed that by observing how the sensory apparatus copes with this disturbance it will be possible to formulate valuable hypotheses about the structure and development of ""normal"" perception and perceptual-motor coordination. The specific goals of this book are, first, to organize the vast and confusing literature on adaptation to perceptual rearrangement and, second, to assess its contribution to the understanding of ""normal"" perception and perceptual learning. The book begins with discussions of adaptation to small prism-induced displacements of the visual field. Separate chapters follow on the proposition that adaptation to prismatic displacement and other forms of rearrangement is actually a form of learning; adaptation to inverted and reversed vision; optical tilt; illusory motions of the visual field; size-depth distortions; and distortions of form. Subsequent chapters deal with studies of auditory rearrangement; examine individual and interspecies differences in adaptability; and the study of adaptation to the visual distortions encountered by the underwater observer. The book is written for researchers and graduate students in experimental psychology. It will be of value and interest whether the reader is a specialist in the area of perceptual modification, or indeed a generalist.

  • Radiation, Radioactivity, and Insects

    Prepared under the Direction of the American Institute of Biological Sciences for the Division of Technical Information, United States Atomic Energy Commission
    • 1st Edition
    • R. D. O'Brien + 1 more
    • Frank Fremont-Smith
    • English
    Radiation, Radioactivity, and Insects focuses on the role of radiation and radioactivity in promoting the understanding of insects, including biochemistry, embryonic development, irradiation, and metabolism. The book first underscores the importance and dominance of insects in the animal kingdom, classification of insects, physiology and biochemistry, and embryonic development. The manuscript then examines the nongenetic effects of radiation, tagging, and insect control by irradiation. Topics include sex and genome number, nutritional status, mechanism of radiation damage, distribution and feeding studies, direct control by irradiation, and radiation effects. The publication takes a look at biochemistry, physiology, and insects and light, as well as amino acid metabolism, protein synthesis, permeability of the central nervous system, digestion and absorption, and elemental turnover. The manuscript then ponders on organophosphorus insecticides, chlorinated hydrocarbons, and miscellaneous insecticides. The book is a dependable source of data for entomologists, biologists, and readers who are interested in the role of radiation in advancing the understanding of insects.

  • The Ozone Layer

    Proceedings of the Meeting of Experts Designated by Governments, Intergovernmental and Nongovernmental Organizations on the Ozone Layer, Organized by the United Nations Environment Programme in Washington, DC, 1-9 March 1977
    • 1st Edition
    • Asit K. Biswas
    • English
    The Ozone Layer contains the proceedings of the Meeting of Experts on the Ozone Layer, organized by the United Nations Environment Programme and held in Washington, DC, on March 1-9, 1977. The papers review all aspects of the ozone layer, including the potential impact of stratospheric pollution and a reduction in the ozone layer on mankind, and encompass fields ranging from stratopheric physics and chemistry to biology, ecology, trade, and economics. This book is comprised of 23 papers and begins with a discussion on the environmental aspects of stratospheric ozone depletion and the effects of changing levels of ultraviolet radiation on phytoplankton, plants, timber production, and human health. Subsequent chapters explore some economic and social implications of a possible ban on the use of fluorocarbons; the link between atmospheric exchange processes and the ozone problem; and industry-sponsored studies on the effects of chlorofluorocarbons on the concentration of atmospheric ozone. The remaining chapters focus on stratospheric and ozone research activities in countries such as Canada, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, United Kingdom, and the United States. This monograph will be a valuable resource for environmental scientists and policymakers.

  • Biometeorological Methods

    • 1st Edition
    • R. E. Munn
    • Douglas H. K. Lee + 2 more
    • English
    Biometeorological Methods provides a unified look at methodologies in biometeorology. Examples of biometeorological studies have been chosen not because the results are necessarily significant but because the method is instructive. The book begins with a brief survey of biometeorology to orient the reader approaching the subject for the first time. The remaining chapters seek to place in perspective the various experimental, empirical, analytical, and physical methods that are being used or could be used in biometeorology. Key topics discussed include space and time considerations in the sampling of the atmosphere; the design of biometeorological experiments; the use of tables, graphs, and charts in the search for biometeorological relationships; statistical and physical methods; and the synoptic approach. Also covered are studies on seasonal relationships, past climates, and climatic classification and indices. The present volume should be of value to anyone seeking assistance in the design of experiments and analysis of environmental data.

  • Biological and Environmental Effects of Arsenic

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 6
    • B.A. Fowler
    • English
    Topics in Environmental Health, Volume 6: Biological and Environmental Effects of Arsenic focuses on the properties, characteristics, and reactions of arsenic and its effects on the environment. The selection first tackles the mobilization of arsenic by natural and industrial processes and emissions, cycling, and effects of arsenic in soil ecosystems. Discussions focus on the effects of arsenic on plants and soil microorganisms, exposure through consumption, sources of arsenic, and mobilization of arsenic by natural processes and industrial activities. The publication then ponders on environmental reaction and analysis methods and arsenical metabolism and toxicity to freshwater and marine species. The text examines the metabolism of arsenic and epidemiology of human arsenic exposure, including acute and chronic effects by arsenic in man, absorption, tissue distribution and retention, and elimination and biological half-time. The publication then takes a look at the toxicity of arsenic and its compounds, as well as biological transformation of arsenic compounds in soil ecosystems and effects on plants; biotransformation of arsenic compounds and toxicity to freshwater and marine biota; and environmental transformation of arsenic in freshwater/marine ecosystems. The selection is a dependable reference for readers interested in the biological and environmental effects of arsenic.

  • Microbial Aspects of Pollution

    • 1st Edition
    • Glyn Barry Sykes + 1 more
    • English
    Microbial Aspects of Pollution is the first of a new series that emerged from the annual Summer Conference of Society for Applied Bacteriology, focusing on microbiological subjects of general topical interest. The subject of the 1971 symposium ""Microbial Aspects of Pollution"" is particularly topical. Pollution is an environmental problem and almost invariably arises from the activities of man. Micro-organisms have their part to play, both advantageously and disadvantageously, and the 16 contributions, written by recognized experts in the field, range widely over the subject. They include considerations of the health hazards of pollution, embracing the consequences of sewage pollution of our water supplies and a most important topic to the laboratory worker—the safe disposal of infected material. A series of papers deals with water purification problems and the disposal of sewage and other wastes, and their effects on the waters of rivers and lakes. Special attention is given in this context to the disposal of industrial wastes. Other contributions deal with the disposal of the newer industrial products of the organic chemist, namely, pesticides, herbicides, fungicides, and plastic materials.

  • Ground Water Problems

    Proceedings of the International Symposium Held in Stockholm
    • 1st Edition
    • E. Eriksson + 2 more
    • English
    Ground Water Problems, Volume 11 presents the proceedings of the International Symposium held in Stockholm, Sweden in October 1966. The book covers the influence of topography on ground water formation; the ground water in Precambrian rocks in Southern Sweden; and the ground water conditions in the sedimentary rocks of Scania. The text also includes papers on the short-time variation of the ground water; some hydrogeological aspects on aquifers, especially Eskers; and the chemistry of ground waters. The tracers for ground water investigations; the protected areas for ground water sources; and the ground water production from the bedrock of Sweden are also encompassed. The book further tackles the ground water draft from earth layers; artificial replenishment of ground water; and the excursion to the Verka district.

  • Recycling and Deinking of Recovered Paper

    • 1st Edition
    • Pratima Bajpai
    • English
    Paper recycling in an increasingly environmentally conscious world is gaining importance. Increased recycling activities are being driven by robust overseas markets as well as domestic demand. Recycled fibers play a very important role today in the global paper industry as a substitute for virgin pulps. Paper recovery rates continue to increase year after year Recycling technologies have been improved in recent years by advances in pulping, flotation deinking and cleaning/screening, resulting in the quality of paper made from secondary fibres approaching that of virgin paper. The process is a lot more eco-friendly than the virgin-papermaking process, using less energy and natural resources, produce less solid waste and fewer atmospheric emissions, and helps to preserve natural resources and landfill space. Currently more than half of the paper is produced from recovered papers. Most of them are used to produce brown grades paper and board but for the last two decades, there is a substantial increase in the use of recovered papers to produce, through deinking, white grades such as newsprint, tissue, market pulp. By using recycled paper, companies can take a significant step toward reducing their overall environmental impacts. This study deals with the scientific and technical advances in recycling and deinking including new developments.

  • Environment and Development in Africa

    UNEP Studies
    • 1st Edition
    • Sam Stuart
    • English
    Environment and Development in Africa is a two-part book that first attempts to weave together a set of forecasts as realistically as possible and in a certain sense constitutes the scheme of future trends in the environment and development in Africa. The second part investigates three kinds of "eventualities." Scenario 1 looks at dependent growth and environmental misuse. The second scenario is based on the hypothesis that Africa will have greater autonomy in growth or development. This situation will afford greater room for maneuver within which environmental considerations may find their place.

  • Fruit Growing

    Rural Studies Activity Guide Book
    • 1st Edition
    • R. T. Dixon
    • S. McB. Carson + 1 more
    • English
    Fruit Growing studies fruits, including its characterization and kinds; essential agricultural, horticultural, and silvicultural practices; and consumption. This book first qualifies what fruit is and then discusses some fruits such as berries and bush fruits. Various practices in growing, maintaining, and harvesting fruits are then examined, including cutting, layering, pruning, stooling, grafting, and pruning. How to plan and maintain a fruit garden is also explained. The latter part concerns itself with fruit storage, preparation, and record keeping. This text is a very helpful guide for those interested in putting up their own fruit garden, as well as to those in the field of agriculture, horticulture, human nutrition, and food technology.

  • Municipal Solid Waste Recycling in Western Europe to 1996

    • 1st Edition
    • R. Reidy
    • English
    Please note this is a Short Discount publication.This market research Report provides essential information for all people involved in planning for waste disposal & recycling in the 1990's, including:★ Local authorities★ Waste Collection Equipment suppliers★ Consumers of recycled materials★ Engineering professionals★ Financial institutions considering this business★ Manufacturers of paper, glass & aluminiumIt presents market data and analysis for solid waste focusing on household/consumer waste, and provides information on the following key areas:★ The market for recycled waste by volume & value★ Demographic Data for West Europe★ Waste generation by type★ Separation & Recovery at source★ Quantity of non–hazardous solid waste generated each year until 1996★ Where it will be generatedPlus addressing current topical areas including:★ Current and forthcoming legislation★ Organisation of waste collection★ Central Waste Sorting★ Disposal Methods eg. Separation, Composting, Landfill, Incineration★ Recovery and recycling of specific materials including:Paper; Glass; Separated Fuel; Aluminium Cans; Plastic; Batteries; Other scrapped metals★ Acceptability of recycled materials★ Incentive schemes

  • Antarctica

    • 1st Edition
    • N. Bonner + 1 more
    • English
    Antarctica, a vast land remote from the other continents and still the least known of them all, provides a unique international laboratory for science. Despite the costs, a growing number of countries are supporting basic scientific research on the continent and in its surrounding seas. Our knowledge of life in this extreme environment, although limited, suggests that it is a key environment for many areas of science. Potential economic developments for food and minerals as well as increasing political complications might jeopardise the present scientific accord in the future. Now is the time to take stock: what do we know about Antarctic ecology? What are the threats and how can they be met? In this volume Antarctic scientists from six countries write about the Antarctic ecosystem.

  • Diversity of Environmental Biogeochemistry

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 6
    • J. Berthelin
    • W.S. Fyfe
    • English
    Biogeochemistry, still in its formative stage twenty years ago, is now a young, interdisciplinary subfield of earth sciences, life sciences and chemistry. An international scientific association (International Symposia on Environmental Biogeochemistry incorporated - ISEB) was founded to organize international symposia to bring together microbiologists, biologists, chemists, geochemists, soil scientists, oceanographers, ecologists and environmental engineers interested in the biogeochemistry of terrestrial, aquatic and atmospheric environments.After the 8th ISEB held in Nancy, France, this volume was compiled. These fifty selected contributions from specialists of varying backgrounds and interests show the diversity and the common framework of the direct or indirect interactions of living organisms and their abiotic environments.

  • Environmental Impacts of Coal Mining & Utilization

    A Complete Revision of Environmental Implications of Expanded Coal Utilization
    • 1st Edition
    • M.J. Chadwick + 2 more
    • English
    As coal is considered as a substitute for other fuels, more serious attention is being given to the environmental impacts of the whole coal fuel cycle: mining, transport, storage, combustion and conversion. This volume presents an up-to-date account of these environmental impacts and the recent developments to combat and control them. A feature of the book is the way in which it discusses not only the experience and developments in North America and Western Europe but also presents much information made available for this study on the developments in the socialist countries of Eastern Europe.

  • Treatment and Use of Sewage Effluent for Irrigation

    Proceedings of the FAO Regional Seminar on the Treatment and Use of Sewage Effluent for Irrigation Held in Nicosia, Cyprus, 7–9 October, 1985
    • 1st Edition
    • M. B. Pescod + 1 more
    • English
    Treatment and Use of Sewage Effluent for Irrigation contains the Proceedings of the FAO Regional Seminar on the treatment and use of sewage effluent for irrigation, held in Nicosia, Cyprus on October 1985. The book reviews available information and experience on the treatment and reuse of sewage effluent for increased agricultural production. Papers are presented by international experts on health and agricultural guidelines for effluent quality and on the short-term and long-term effects of effluent reuse on public health, soil fertility and crop productivity. Appropriate sewage treatment systems are considered and sewage sludge treatment and agricultural utilization are discussed. Case studies of sewage effluent treatment and reuse in irrigation in the Near East Region and elsewhere are presented as well. Agriculturists, horticulturists, and civil engineers will find the compendium interesting.

  • Environmental Inorganic Chemistry

    Properties, Processes, and Estimation Methods
    • 1st Edition
    • Itamar Bodek + 3 more
    • English
    The primary purpose is the compilation of information on environmentally important physiochemical properties of inorganic chemicals for use by environmental scientists and managers. This book, in a sense, is a companion document to the report previously prepared for environmentally important properties of organic chemicals, and which was subsequently published under the title: Handbook of Chemical Property Estimation Methods (McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1982.) Like the "organics" handbook, this "inorganics" book describes available estimation methods for various properties. This information supports our primary objective, which is to assist environmental scientists and managers (many of whom may not have a detailed knowledge or understanding of inorganic environmental chemistry) in overcoming the common problem of property data gaps and developing timely responses to environmental problems. This "inorganics" book covers environmentally important properties, without regard to estimability, and presents not only generic discussion of these properties, but also a summary of environmentally important data for the most common elements and pollutants.

  • Year Book 1990

    Advisory Committee on Pollution of the Sea
    • 1st Edition
    • Patricia Dent
    • English
    This comprehensive yearbook is the only compendium, in any language, of policy, scientific and legal developments concerning the occurrence, regulation and control of marine pollution. The breadth of scope of the volume reflects the increasing concern at all levels of government, scientific enquiry and society with these issues. Comprehensive updates of marine-related legislation and the activities of a number of international and intergovernmental organisations are included. Forewords to each chapter are contributed by prominent politicans and experts in the field of environmental science. Over 200 references and numerous tables and illustrations augment the wealth of data within the text, including several case studies and coverage of recent conventions. In the light of increasing pressure on the marine environment from human activities, the yearbook provides a unique contribution to the study of marine pollution worldwide.

  • Oil in Freshwater: Chemistry, Biology, Countermeasure Technology

    Proceedings of the Symposium of Oil Pollution in Freshwater, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
    • 1st Edition
    • John H. Vandermeulen + 1 more
    • English
    Oil In Freshwater: Chemistry, Biology, Countermeasure Technology presents the proceedings of the Symposium of Oil Pollution held in Freshwater, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada represents a collection of scientific knowledge on state-of-the-art monitoring and cleanup of oil pollution in fresh waters. The book covers the major subject areas of the physical and chemical fates of oil and petroleum in freshwater environments; biological and ecological effects, biodegradability and microbiological considerations, fate in runoff and wastewater treatment, and aquifer contamination. The book discusses the solubilities of substances from tar sands and heavy oils; the physical and chemical behavior of oils; and the carcinogenic and toxic effects of oil and oil products, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on freshwater communities and ecosystems. The text also describes microbial biodegradability; oil related pollutants in road and urban runoff and during municipal and industrial wastewater treatment; and cleanup and disposal technologies. Oil pollution of aquifers has been thoroughly covered.

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