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Environmental Forensics for Persistent Organic Pollutants
1st Edition - November 20, 2013
Editors: Gwen O'Sullivan, Court Sandau
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 4 - 5 9 4 2 4 - 2
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 4 - 5 9 4 5 1 - 8
Environmental Forensics for Persistent Organic Pollutants represents the state-of-the-art in environmental forensics in relation to persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The book… Read more
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Environmental Forensics for Persistent Organic Pollutants represents the state-of-the-art in environmental forensics in relation to persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The book is a complete reference for practitioners and students, covering a range of topics from new analytical techniques to regulatory and legal status in the global community.
Through case studies from leading international experts, real-world issues — including the allocation of responsibility for release into the environment — are resolved through the application of advanced analytical and scientific techniques. This book introduces and assesses the development of new techniques and technologies to trace the source and fate of newly emerging and classic POPs (perfluoroalkyl substances, brominated flame retardants, organochlorine pesticides, perfluorinated chemicals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and polychlorinated biphenyls) in environmental media, including atmospheric, marine, freshwater, and urban environments.
- Real-world case studies show the application of advanced analytical and scientific techniques
- Discussion of GC*GC provides an introduction and assessment of a novel technique from leaders in the field
- Introduces the development of new analytical techniques (such as 2-D GC*HC and LC*LC) to trace the source and fate
- Raises awareness about the health and environmental impact of persistent organic pollutants (POPs)
- Outlines the development of international measures to control POPs so that chemists can understand the legal issues
for practitioners and students from analytical chemistry to regulatory and legal status in the global community
Foreword
List of Contributors
Chapter 1. Brief Overview: Discovery, Regulation, Properties, and Fate of POPs
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Brief History
1.3 Chemistry and Properties of POPs
1.4 Environmental Behavior
1.5 How to Use This Book
References
Chapter 2. Environmental Regulation and Litigation
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Regulations
2.3 Legal Proceedings in the United States
2.4 Legal Proceedings in Canada
2.5 Conclusions
References
Chapter 3. Analytical Methodology of POPs
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Extraction
3.3 Sample Extract Cleanup
3.4 Chromatography
3.5 Instrumental Analysis
3.6 Quality Assurance/Quality Control
3.7 Method Development/Validation
3.8 Accreditation
3.9 Calibration
3.10 Applications
3.11 Isotope Ratios of POPs
References
Chapter 4. Sample Collection and Management for Environmental Forensic Investigations
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Protocols and Standards
4.3 Quality Systems
4.4 Data Verification, Validation, and DQAs
4.5 Analytical Planning
4.6 Personnel
4.7 Documentation and Sample Control
4.8 Audio–Visual Evidence
4.9 Sample Containment and Transport
4.10 Transfer of Sample Custody
4.11 Data Acquisition
4.12 Conclusions
References
Chapter 5. Biomonitoring for POPs
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Toxicokinetics of POPs—Overview
5.3 Developments in Analytical Chemistry Required for Sensitive Biomonitoring
5.4 Characterizing General Population Exposure Levels to Provide Reference Values for Assessment of Other Populations
5.5 Biomonitoring as a Tool to Study Populations with Elevated Exposures
5.6 Food Contamination Incidents
5.7 Environmental Exposure Pathways
5.8 Occupational Exposures
5.9 Conclusion
References
Chapter 6. Atmospheric Fate and Behavior of POPs
6.1 Overview
6.2 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
6.3 Polychlorinated Biphenyls
6.4 Polybrominated Compounds
6.5 Perfluorinated Compounds
6.6 Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins and Dibenzofurans
References
Chapter 7. POPs in the Terrestrial Environment
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Soils and Sediments
7.3 Herbage
7.4 Wildlife
7.5 Humans
7.6 Case Study 1: Perfluorinated Chemicals in the Urban Terrestrial Environment near Antwerp (Belgium)
7.7 Case Study 2: PCDD/F Contamination of Allotments in the United Kingdom
7.8 Concluding Remarks
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 8. POPs in Marine and Freshwater Environments
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Polyfluoroalkyl Compounds
8.3 Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products
8.4 Engineered Nanomaterials
8.5 Flame Retardant Compounds
8.6 POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
References
Index
- No. of pages: 424
- Language: English
- Published: November 20, 2013
- Imprint: Elsevier
- Hardback ISBN: 9780444594242
- eBook ISBN: 9780444594518
GO
Gwen O'Sullivan
Dr. O’Sullivan is an environmental chemist whose technical expertise includes environmental chemistry, environmental forensics, and contaminated land and groundwater. Dr. O’Sullivan earned a BSc in Environmental Sciences from University of Limerick, and a PhD from the Environmental Engineering Research Center within the department of Engineering at Queen’s University of Belfast. She has worked on numerous projects including the development of technologies and remedial actions plans for the treatment of petroleum hydrocarbon, chlorinated solvent, and saline impacted sites. She has also designed and managed environmental forensics investigations involving compounds of concern including drilling fluids, petroleum hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans, methane, and nitrates. She has also authored several successful research grant applications to major research councils, both nationally and internationally.
Affiliations and expertise
Mount Royal University, Calgary, AB, CanadaCS
Court Sandau
Dr. Sandau is an analytical environmental chemist with expertise in environmental forensics investigations, biomonitoring, data quality and data validation, legal sampling, and expert witness and litigation support. Dr. Sandau obtained his Bachelor of Science degree from the University of Western Ontario and his PhD from Carleton University. Dr. Sandau has developed and validated numerous analytical methodologies to quantify many different chemical contaminants and written standard operating procedures to meet the stringent criteria of laboratory governing bodies. Dr. Sandau specializes in evaluating and establishing strict quality assurance and quality control for investigations involving analytical data from sampling techniques and strategies to third party data validation.
Dr. Sandau’s experience includes working at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). At CDC, Dr. Sandau managed a laboratory responsible for the analytical toxicology and exposure assessment of humans to environmental contaminants. He has been involved in numerous epidemiological studies (including recruiting public participation) examining the impact of chemical contaminants on cancer, endocrine function, brain development, and other measures of health impacts. Previously, Dr. Sandau worked at the National Wildlife Research Center measuring contaminants in environmental and wildlife samples with the purpose of examining the biomagnification, biotransformation, and toxicological effects of priority pollutants in the arctic and Great Lakes food webs.
Dr. Sandau is currently the sole proprietor of Chemistry Matters and is an Adjunct Professor in the Engineering Department at the University of Calgary where he lectures on the subject of environmental forensics.
Affiliations and expertise
Chemistry Matters, Calgary, AB, Canada