Skip to main content
Elsevier

Books in Earth and planetary sciences

Elsevier's Earth and Planetary Sciences collection brings together pioneering research on the complexities of our planet and beyond. Covering topics from Earth's structural dynamics and ecosystems to planetary exploration, these titles support advancements in geoscience, environmental science, and space studies, offering essential insights for researchers, professionals, and students.

  • Advances in Hydroscience

    Volume 9
    • 1st Edition
    • Ven Te Chow
    • English
    Advances in Hydroscience, Volume 9 – 1973 covers topics on the progress in hydrosystems. The book presents articles on the expanding role of computers and hybrid computers as practical tools to solve a variety of problems occurring in the study of hydrosystems; ship-generated waves; and the classical theoretical development in the field of wave forces on structures. The text also includes articles on the dynamics of structure-fluid systems; the various aspects of two-phase flow in porous media; and nonlinear hydrologic analysis. The book will prove invaluable to ship architects, navigation-canal designers, agricultural engineers, civil engineers, hydrologists, hydroscientists, and agronomists.

  • Coordinate Systems and Map Projections

    • 2nd Edition
    • D.H. Maling
    • English
    A revised and expanded new edition of the definitive English work on map projections. The revisions take into account the huge advances in geometrical geodesy which have occurred since the early years of satellite geodesy. The detailed configuration of the geoid resulting from the GEOS and SEASAT altimetry measurements are now taken into consideration. Additionally, the chapter on computation of map projections is updated bearing in mind the availability of pocket calculators and microcomputers. Analytical derivation of some map projections including examples of pseudocylindrical and polyconic projections is also covered. Work undertaken in the USA and USSR on the creation of suitable map projections obtained through numerical analysis has been included. The book concludes with a chapter on the abuse and misrepresentation of map projections. An invaluable reference source for professional cartographers and all those interested in the fundamental problems of mapping the Earth.

  • Microcomputer Applications in Geology 2

    • 1st Edition
    • J.T. Hanley + 1 more
    • English
    The development and utilization of microcomputers is widespread and rapid in all scientific disciplines, geology being no exception. Microcomputers are becoming ubiquitous and indispensable in research and teaching as well as in the commercial sector. The applications that are available to the geologic community today are increasingly dynamic and sophisticated, although to date software has been the limiting factor. This volume provides an excellent source of software and ideas on applications. Papers cover a wide range of subjects both in geology and computer science. The applications range from reconstructing fossil shells to reconstructing landscape terrains, covering topics such as expert systems, simulations, database construction and data analysis and display.

  • Advances in Hydroscience

    Volume 6
    • 1st Edition
    • Ven Te Chow
    • English
    Advances in Hydroscience, Volume 6 covers topics on water occurring in air, on land and in the ocean, encompassing all three parts of the total water system on earth: atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere. The book starts by discussing the developments in atmospheric water resources, including statistically designed cloud-seeding experiments, long-term commercial projects aimed at increasing precipitation, and the technology of precipitation management. The text then presents articles on the theoretical aspects of drainage of water on land; the basic concepts, principles, and methods of analysis for two liquid flows in a porous medium domain; and the scientific information on the constituents, the physical-chemical properties, and the structure of sea water. The book will prove invaluable to ground water hydrologists, geologists, petroleum engineers, and scientists and engineers who venture to explore the inner space of the earth.

  • Cloud Dynamics

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 53
    • Robert A. Houze Jr.
    • Renata Dmowska
    • English
    Clouds play a critical role in the Earth's climate, general atmospheric circulation, and global water balance. Clouds are essential elements in mesoscale meteorology, atmospheric chemistry, air pollution, atmosphericradiation... and weather forecasting, and thus must be understood by any student or researcher in the atmospheric sciences.Cloud Dynamics provides a skillful and comprehensive examination of the nature of clouds--what they look like and why, how scientists observe them, and the basic dynamics and physics that underlie them. The book describes the mechanics governing each type of cloud that occurs in Earth's atmosphere, and the organization of various types of clouds in larger weather systems such as fronts, thunderstorms, and hurricanes.This book is aimed specifically at graduate students, advanced undergraduates, practicing researchers either already in atmospheric science or moving in from a related scientific field, and operational meteorologists. Some prior knowledge of atmospheric dynamics and physics is helpful, but a thorough overview of the necessary prerequisites is supplied.

  • Soil Physics

    Selected Topics
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 25
    • A. Kézdi
    • English
    Soil Physics: Selected Topics covers the results in the research field of soil physics, soil mechanics, and the behavior of real soils. This book is divided into six chapters and begins with an introduction to the study of the physical characteristics of soil and the complexity of superstructure of soil mechanics. The next chapter deals with the distribution of coarse grains according to their volume and the distribution of pore sizes in fine-grained materials. This chapter also describes the properties of granular mixtures and the compatibility of transition soils. The discussion then shifts to investigation of soil strength, particularly the strength of sand and transition soils, the tensile and shear strengths of cohesive soils, and brittle failure of soils. The remaining chapters consider the classification of soil phase movement phenomena. This book is intended primarily for practicing civil engineers.

  • Plate Tectonics & Crustal Evolution

    • 3rd Edition
    • Kent C. Condie
    • English
    This substantially revised edition includes recently published information relating to plate tectonics and continental origin. A large number of new figures have been added, and new sections included on meteorites, seismic tomography, mantle convection, accretionary terranes, mantle sources and evolution, continental growth, secular changes in Earth history, also a new chapter on exogenic Earth systems. In addition the following topics have been substantially revised: lunar origin, global gravity, origin of the core, metamorphism, plate boundaries, hotspots, tectonic settings, and magma associations. Among the new features the Tectonic Map of the World has also been updated.

  • Advances in Hydroscience

    Volume 3
    • 1st Edition
    • Ven Te Chow
    • English
    Advances in Hydroscience, Volume 3-1966 encompasses naval hydrodynamics, biohydrodynamics, magnetohydrodynamics... hydrology, and water resources. The book presents articles on viscous resistance of ships, magnetohydrodynamics of channel flow, and hydrodynamics of blood flow in the circulatory system. The text also includes articles about the biological treatment of waste water; the processes and trends in the development of sea water conversion; and the linearized steady theory of fully wetted hydrofoils. The developments in the retardation of evaporation by the use of monolayers, as well as the dynamic programming in water resources development are also encompassed. Students and researchers in naval hydrodynamics, biohydrodynamics, magnetohydrodynamics... hydrology, and water resources will find the book invaluable.

  • Analytical Methods For Geochemical Exploration

    • 1st Edition
    • J. C. Van Loon + 1 more
    • English
    Written for the practicing analyst, Analytical Methods for Geochemical Exploration offers thoroughly tested chemical analysis methods for determining what base or precious metals are in geochemical exploration samples, such as rocks, soil, or sediment. Theory is kept to a minimum and complete procedures are provided so that no additional sources are needed to conduct analyses.

  • Trondhjemites, Dacites, and Related Rocks

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 6
    • F. Barker
    • English
    Developments in Petrology, 6: Trondhjemites, Dacites, and Related Rocks focuses on the geology, geochemistry, and petrology of several kinds of trondhjemites, dacites, and genetically related rocks. The selection first elaborates on the definition, environment, and hypotheses of origin of trondhjemite; a review of the mineralogy and chemistry of tertiary-recent dacitic, latitic, rhyolitic, and related salic volcanic rocks; and some trace elements in trondhjemites and their implications to magma genesis and paleotectonic setting. Discussions focus on tectonic environments and trace element patterns, selection and reliability of trace elements, interrelationships between mineralogy and chemistry, and regional variations of dacitic and rhyolitic magmas. The publication then tackles strontium isotope geochemistry of late Archean to late Cretaceous tonalites and trondhjemites; Archean gray gneisses and the origin of the continental crust in West Greenland; and metamorphic development of early Archean tonalitic and trondhjemitic gneisses in Saglek Area, Labrador. The book examines the petrology, geochemistry, and origin of the Sparta quartz dioritetrondhjemite complex; reconnaissance geochemistry of Devonian island-arc volcanic and intrusive rocks in West Shasta District, California; and origin of the Twillingate trondhjemite in North-Central Newfoundland. The selection is highly recommended for geologists and geochemists wanting to explore trondhjemites, dacites, and genetically related rocks.

  • Petrology of Metamorphic Rocks

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 9
    • M. Suk
    • English
    Reviews Central European opinions about the origin and formation of metamorphic rocks and their genetic systems, incorporating the works of such distinguished European scientists as Rosenbusch, Becke, Niggli, Sander, Eskola, Barth and others with present-day knowledge and the results of Soviet and American investigations.

  • Waste Disposal in Rock

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 76
    • R. Pusch
    • English
    This is an overview of all the important issues involved in selecting suitable sites, design and construction methods for preparing repositories for hazardous waste in crystalline rock. Most of the examples used refer to radioactive waste - this is a reflection of the experience of the author in this field as well as his belief that the same techniques could be used for isolation of radioactive and other hazardous waste. The focus is on the preparation and performance of multibarrier sytems of rock, waste containers and sealing components in a long-term perspective. Examples are provided from large-scale field experiments conducted in the international Stripa Project (a project to develop and test techniques for isolating highly radioactive waste). This monograph should be of particular interest to environmental geologists, structural geologists and civil engineers.

  • Optical Remote Sensing of Air Pollution

    Lectures of a Course Held at the Joint Research Centre, Ispra (Italy), 12-15 April 1983
    • 1st Edition
    • P. Camagni + 1 more
    • English

  • Processes of Continental Rifting

    Selected Papers from the Lunar and Planetary Institute Topical Conference on the Processes of Planetary Rifting, Held in St. Helena, California, U.S.A., December 3-5, 1981
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 19
    • P. Morgan + 1 more
    • English
    Selected papers from the Lunar and Planetary Institute Topical Conference, St. Helena, CA, USA, 3-5 Dec. 1981

  • Advances in Hydroscience

    Volume 10
    • 1st Edition
    • Ven Te Chow
    • English
    Advances in Hydroscience, Volume 10-1975 covers articles on the evergrowing scientific knowledge on water. The book presents articles on modeling techniques for groundwater evaluation and tidal theory and computations, including the basic equations for the prediction of tides, the hydrodynamic tidal equations for the dynamic behavior of the tides, and tidal computations in rivers, seas, and coastal waters. The text also includes articles on hydrothermal convection in saturated porous media, as well as the theory of Weirs. Hydroscientists, harbour engineers, coastal engineers, oceanographic engineers, and future designers and users of hydraulic structures for water resources development will find the book invaluable.

  • Global Tectonics and Earthquake Risk

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 5
    • C. Lomnitz
    • English
    Global Tectonics and Earthquake Risk discusses the geostatistical treatment of earthquake probabilities. The book reviews global tectonics and geologic history, including evidence of change, Pangaea, geochronology, tectonic revolutions, and the breakup of Pangaea. The book discusses the formation of Pangaea which later broke down into the present continental cores of Asia, Europe, Africa, Australian, Antarctica, and the Americas. The book describes the separation of North and South America from Europe, how Africa became established during the Cretaceous time, and how India split off from Africa to became welded to Asia at the Himalayas. The text also explains earthquake risk in terms of stochastic processes, point processes, and illustrates modeling of the earthquake process. The "Large-Earthquake Model" is based on a list of the largest earthquakes in the region, while a more sophisticated model requires the incorporation of non-Markovian effects (aftershock sequences). The book cites an application of investigations done on California where an earthquake of magnitude 5 is expected to occur every three months. An earthquake of magnitude 8 or greater is predicted to happen every 100 years but the book notes that the return period exceeds the range of the period of recorded data (which is only 31 years). Presented in another way, the text concludes that the probability of occurrence of an event of magnitude 8 earthquake or over in any given year is about one percent. The book can prove helpful for geologists, seismologists, meteorologists, or practitioners in the field of civil and structural engineering.

  • Dams and Earthquakes

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 11
    • B.K. Rastogi + 1 more
    • English
    Dams and Earthquakes deals with the association of earthquakes and large artificial lakes, particularly on the part that pore pressure plays in inducing earthquakes. The book also contains methods for recording seismic activity, before, during, and after the filling of reservoir dams through the installation of a network of portable seismographs. The text assesses the parameters and macroseismic effects of the Koyna earthquake in India in December 1967, as well as the instrumental and macroseismic data showing that the Koyna earthquake is a multiple seismic event. The book investigates the geology, hydrology, and seismicity of seismic reservoir sites, including three cases of induced seismicity after fluid injections in deep wells. A possible correlation between the reservoir level or volume of the injected fluid and the tremor frequency exists. The characteristic seismic features of reservoir associated earthquakes can reflect changes in the mechanical properties of rock masses near the reservoirs. The book also investigates the part played by increased pore-fluid pressures in triggering the earthquakes at Denver, Rangely, Kariba, Kremasta and Koyna. The UNESCO Working Group on "Seismic Phenomena Associated with Large Reservoirs" recommends the adoption of a two-phase planning in instrumental studies and surveys at sites to be used for large reservoirs. The book can be beneficial for meteorologists, environmentalists, geologists, civil engineers, structural engineers, or for officers of river and lake authorities.

  • Freshwater Ecosystems

    Modelling and Simulation
    • 1st Edition
    • A.H. Gnauck + 1 more
    • English
    Ecosystem analysis and ecological modelling is a rapidly developing interdisciplinary branch of science used in theoretical developments in ecology and having practical applications in environmental protection. In this book, the authors introduce new holistic, particularly cybernetic, concepts into ecosystem theory and modelling, and provide a concise treatment of mathematical modelling of freshwater ecosystems which covers methods, subsystem models, applications and theoretical developments.Part I begins with a brief introduction to the principles of systems theory and their applications to ecosystems, and provides a summary of various methods of systems analysis. In Part II emphasis is laid on the pelagic processes in standing water, characterised by relatively uninvolved structures from which models can be readily developed. Part III describes applications of the technique of modelling to solutions of theoretical and practical problems, with different modelling methods and objectives being used in the various chapters. More recent developments in the methods and theory of ecosystem modelling are covered in Part IV which also includes a discussion of future trends. The book is addressed to practising ecologists and engineers in the fields of ecology, limnology, environmental protection, and water quality managements, as well as to graduate/post-gradua... university students in science and engineering. Students and researchers involved in environmental applications of mathematics and cybernetics will also find the book of interest.

  • Stress in Subsoil and Methods of Final Settlement Calculation

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 18
    • J. Feda
    • English
    Developments in Geotechnical Engineering, Volume 18: Stress in Subsoil and Methods of Final Settlement Calculation reviews the method of settlement calculations based on stresses in the subsoil. This book is divided into three chapters. Chapter 1 deals with in situ stresses in the subsoil, while Chapter 2 focuses on the state of stress produced in the subsoil by external loads. The last chapter discusses the methods of calculating the final settlement, including remarks on the selection of deformation parameters. This publication also discusses the horizontal geostatic stress, surface loading of a half-space, method of oedometric compression, and finite element and allied methods. This volume is recommended for researchers and specialists of disciplines related to geotechnical engineering.

  • Advances in Irrigation

    Volume 1
    • 1st Edition
    • Daniel Hillel
    • English
    Advances in Irrigation, Volume 1 covers updated comprehensive elucidations of the various topics of contemporary interest and importance related to the rapidly advancing science and engineering practice of irrigation. The book presents articles on the conjunctive use of rainfall and irrigation in semiarid regions; the theory and the practical aspects of irrigation scheduling; and canopy temperature and crop water stress. The text also includes articles on the use of solute transport models to estimate salt balance below irrigated cropland; level-basin irrigation; as well as the applications of flow measurement flumes to irrigation water management. The principles, practices, and potentialities of trickle (drip) irrigation are also encompassed. Hydraulic engineers and people working in the field of irrigation will find the book useful.

  • Karst Bauxites

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 14
    • G. Bárdossy
    • English
    Karst Bauxites: Bauxite Deposits on Carbonate Rocks presents a comparison of bauxite regions using mathematical statistics methods. This book is divided into eight chapters that highlight the quantitative processing and assessment of the information available for bauxites. The opening chapters present observational and analytical evidence concerning karst bauxite, with particular emphasis on Hungarian bauxite deposits. The typical features of bauxites are analyzed from a variety of aspects and results from different bauxite regions are compared. Other chapters consider the feature of metamorphosed karst bauxites. The remaining chapters discuss the conditions of formation of karst bauxites and with the factors controlling their geographic and stratigraphic distribution. This book will prove useful to geologists, mineralogists, and researchers.

  • Helium Isotopes in Nature

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 3
    • B.A. Mamyrin + 1 more
    • W.S. Fyfe
    • English
    Developments in Geochemistry, Volume 3: Helium Isotopes in Nature presents the isotopic investigations of noble gases. This book describes the origin, the history, and the contemporary distribution of isotopes of helium. Organized into 11 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of mass-spectrometric methods and measurements of the helium isotope abundance. This text then discusses the methods of collecting various terrestrial samples as well as the apparatus for helium extraction, volumetric measurements, and purification. Other chapters consider the isotope composition of primordial, radiogenic, and spallogenic light noble gases. This book discusses as well the origin and distribution of helium isotopes in meteorites, in the Earth's mantle, the crust and ocean, and in the atmosphere. The final chapter deals with the scientific and applied problems that can be resolved to the progress in helium isotope geochemistry. This book is a valuable resource for scientists. Research workers and students interested in the geochemistry of helium will also find this book useful.

  • Simulating Nearshore Environments

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 12
    • P.A. Martinez + 1 more
    • Daniel F Merriam
    • English
    Simulating Nearshore Environments provides computer procedures that realistically represent nearshore processes and supplement or replace trial and error methodology. The procedures simulate transport by waves and fluvial processes on beaches and deltas at various scales. They will aid coastal engineers, oceanographers and sedimentary geologists who focus on both modern and ancient nearshore deposits.How do you simulate nearshore processes using a computer? Can evolving deltaic and coastal environments be simulated realistically by mathematically representing the physical processes that create them? Once the physics and mathematical formulation are described, what are the techniques for transforming them into computer programs? The authors deal with all these aspects and take a "how to" approach in guiding the reader through the development of computer models for simulating sediment transport in coastal environments. In addition to describing the devised computer programs, the book provides a basis for those wishing to formulate their own mathematical models for simulating nearshore processes.

  • Hydrodynamics of Oceans and Atmospheres

    • 1st Edition
    • Carl Eckart
    • English
    Hydrodynamics of Oceans and Atmospheres is a systematic account of the hydrodynamics of oceans and atmospheres. Topics covered range from the thermodynamic functions of an ideal gas and the thermodynamic coefficients for water to steady motions, the isothermal atmosphere, the thermocline, and the thermosphere. Perturbation equations, field equations, residual equations, and a general theory of rays are also presented. This book is comprised of 17 chapters and begins with an introduction to the basic equations and their solutions, with the aim of illustrating the laws of dynamics. The nonlinear equations of thermodynamics and hydrodynamics are analyzed using the methods of perturbation theory, with emphasis on the zero-order solution; zero-order states of an ideal gas; the first-order equations; the additive barotropic terms; and boundary conditions. The following chapters focus on the steady component of atmospheric pressure; free steady motion with or without rotation; field equations and general theorems relating to such equations; and the stratification of the Earth's atmosphere, oceans, and lakes. The next two chapters present calculations concerning the isothermal atmosphere, with particular reference to plane level surfaces with or without rotation. The final chapter looks at spherical level surfaces with rotation. This monograph will be of interest to physicists, oceanographers, atmospheric scientists, and meteorologists.

  • Primary and Secondary Lead Processing

    Proceedings of the International Symposium on Primary and Secondary Lead Processing, Halifax, Nova Scotia, August 20-24, 1989
    • 1st Edition
    • Michael L. Jaeck
    • English
    The lead smelting industry has been experiencing increasing pressures on several fronts - pressure to reduce energy usage, to reduce overall cost of production, to improve environmental conditions associated with production, to improve recycling of waste lead products and to develop new markets and applications. These pressures have resulted in the development of new low cost, energy efficient processes achieving new standards of process emissions.

  • Prospecting and Exploration of Mineral Deposits

    • 2nd Edition
    • Volume 21
    • M. Böhmer + 1 more
    • English
    This is the completely revised edition of a book which was published in 1978 and, such was its popularity, was sold out within two years. It was described as ``An excellent compilation and condensation of a vast field of literature and experience in economic geology. Clear illustrations, charts and tables punctuate the text material very nicely... Valuable for all economic geologists and resource developers.'' (Choice).The material is illustrated by 215 text figures and 76 tables, and is presented in two parts. The first part covers the geological background of the genesis of mineral deposits as a clue to new discoveries, and the methods of geological, geochemical and geophysical prospecting. The second part concerns sampling, documentation and computation of ore reserves and economic assessment of mineral deposits. This new edition has been very extensively revised and brought up to date. This holds true particularly for the chapters on geochemical and geophysical methods, the use of photo-geology and satellite imagery, oil and gas prospecting, exploration of underwater minerals, the application of the principles of global tectonics in prospecting for deposits, and the evaluation of reserves. These new or thoroughly revised chapters comprise almost half of the entire text.

  • Structural and Tectonic Modelling and its Application to Petroleum Geology

    Proceedings of Norwegian Petroleum Society Workshop, 18-20 October 1989, Stavanger, Norway
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 1
    • R.M. Larsen + 3 more
    • English
    This monograph presents a unique combination of structural and tectonic modelling with applied petroleum geological problems. Focussing on the Norwegian Continental Shelf and neighbouring areas, it includes discussion covering all scales - from development of sedimentary basins, to formation of fractures and joints on a microscale - and from exploration, to the exploitation of hydrocarbons. The book's coverage of structural and tectonic modelling, petroleum geology applications, and the treatment of the Norwegian Continental Shelf should make this book an invaluable resource book for advanced students of structural and tectonic modelling, teachers, and researchers; as well as for geologists and geophysicists in the petroleum industry.

  • Strata Mechanics

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 32
    • I.W. Farmer
    • English
    The papers in this volume provide a unified approach to the design of underground structures in stratified coal and mineral deposits. They include examples of underground structure design in coal and evaporite mines, and case histories of performance of underground structures.

  • Igneous Petrology

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 7
    • C.J. Hughes
    • English
    A balanced text that bridges the gap between introductory petrography-oriented texts and the more advanced texts that have a thermodynamic and/or chemical approach. Well-indexed, well-referenced and written in a particularly readable style, it leads the reader from classical to modern concepts in igneous petrology.

  • Extractive Metallurgy of Copper

    • 3rd Edition
    • A.K. Biswas + 1 more
    • English
    A completely revised and up-to-date edition containing comprehensive industrial data. The many significant changes which occurred during the 1980s and 1990s are chronicled. Modern high intensity smelting processes are presented in detail, specifically flash, Contop, Isasmelt, Noranda, Teniente and direct-to-blister smelting. Considerable attention is paid to the control of SO2 emissions and manufacture of H2SO4. Recent developments in electrorefining, particularly stainless steel cathode technology are examined. Leaching, solvent extraction and electrowinning are evaluated together with their impact upon optimizing mineral resource utilization. The volume targets the recycling of copper and copper alloy scrap as an increasingly important source of copper and copper alloys. Copper quality control is also discussed and the book incorporates an important section on extraction economics.Each chapter is followed by a summary of concepts previously described and offers suggested further reading and references.

  • The Structure of Western Europe

    • 1st Edition
    • J. G. C. Anderson
    • English
    After a brief account of the stratigraphy in each case, the author summarises the structure of the main tectonic units of Western Europe, the units being defined within the framework of Precambrian, Caledonian, Hercynian and Alpine structures. The work provides accounts of these structural units both for geological study in general and for field visits for advanced school level and research students. A useful complementary volume to 'The Structure of the British Isles' (Anderson and Owen).

  • Principles of Ocean Physics

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 38
    • John R. Apel
    • William L. Donn
    • English
    In recent years, significant advances in both the theoretical and observational sides of physical oceanography have allowed the ocean's physical behavior to be described more quantitatively. This book discusses the physical mechanisms and processes of the sea, and will be valuable not only to oceanographers but also physicists, graduate students, and scientists working in dynamics or optics of the marine environment.

  • Computer Applications in Resource Estimation

    Prediction and Assessment for Metals and Petroleum
    • 1st Edition
    • G. Gaal + 1 more
    • English
    Quantitative resource assessment methods play an increasing role in exploration for petroleum, water and minerals. This volume presents an international review on the state-of-the-art of the computerized methodology in resource exploration. The papers taken from those presented at the symposium are classified to either techniques, i.e., trend analysis; classification techniques; geostatistics; image analysis; expert systems/artificial intelligence; inventories; tomography and others, or to resources, i.e., petroleum, water, metals and non-metals.

  • Mine Openings: Stability and Support

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 40
    • J. Aldorf + 1 more
    • English
    In this book, the authors present a review of the methods used for the solution of problems of stability and support of mine workings, based on the study and analysis of the validity conditions of individual theoretical computing procedures. The classification of these methods, based on the analysis of factors determining the behaviour of a system of mine openings, should contribute to the greater objectivity of decisions connected with the management and control of mining operations and, from the educational point of view, enable the intricate problems of stability to be better understood. Chapters dealing with support structures and technologies of support review the present state of the art with special reference to problems prevailing in Europe where mining is carried out under continuously deteriorating and less favourable natural conditions.The authors have assembled the theoretical and practical knowledge necessary for those to whom the book is addressed, namely, practising mining engineers and project managers, and students and graduates in mining colleges and schools.

  • Soil Mechanics of Earthworks, Foundations and Highway Engineering

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 3
    • Bozzano G Luisa
    • English
    This is the third volume of a handbook which covers the whole field of soil mechanics, discussing deterministic and stochastic theories and methods, and showing how they can be used in conjunction with one another. The first volume discusses soil physics, while the second deals with the determination of physical characteristics of the soil. Australian Mining wrote of the Handbook ``a valuable addition to the extensive literature on the topic and will be found to be more useful than most.''The main objective of the third volume is to present solutions to the problems of engineering practice. It deals with the most important theoretical and practical problems of soil mechanics, discussing the following in detail: stability of earthworks, load-bearing capacity and settlement of shallow foundations, design of pile foundations, soil mechanics in road construction, improving the physical properties of soils, the characteristics of soil dynamics, foundations for machines and soil behaviour as affected by earthquakes. The book not only presents up-to-date deterministic methods, but also discusses solutions of probability theory in the fields of design and safety.The book is divided into six chapters covering the stability of slopes, landslides, load-bearing capacity and settlement of shallow foundations and pile foundations, soil mechanics in road construction, and the improvement of the physical characteristics of soil with special emphasis on machine foundations and earthquakes, giving detailed treatment of each subject. For example, the first chapter deals not only with the stability of slopes, but also discusses the natural and artificial effects, slope protection, filter design, stresses in embankments, and the time factor. In this way, the book gives a clear and comprehensive picture of the special fields of soil mechanics and its subjects. It is therefore emminently suitable for postgraduate engineers, and engineers working in the fields of geotechnics, earthworks, foundations, road construction, engineering geology and statistics, and the design of structures.

  • Introduction to the Mechanics of the Solar System

    • 1st Edition
    • Rudolf Kurth
    • English
    Introduction to the Mechanics of the Solar System introduces the reader to the mechanics of the solar system and covers topics ranging from the periods of the planets to their flattening and its effects on the orbits of satellites. Kepler's three laws of planetary motion are also discussed, along with the law of gravity; the two-body problem; and perturbations in the motions of the moon and the planets. This book is comprised of four chapters and begins with an analysis of the kinematics of a single planet, focusing on the work of Johannes Kepler, particularly his determination of the orbits of the Earth and Mars and his formulation of his three laws of planetary motion. The following chapters explore systems of ordinary differential equations; determination of orbits using Laplace's method and Gauss' method; the equations of motion and their integrals; the perturbation equations of celestial mechanics; and Lagrange's solution of the three-body problem. The notations of the Earth and the moon are also considered. This monograph is intended for astronomers and astronomy students.

  • Thematic Mapping from Satellite Imagery

    An International Report
    • 1st Edition
    • J. Denègre
    • English
    This report, produced between 1984 and 1987 in a bilingual edition (English and French), provides a wealth of information on a wide variety of cartographic applications which are being developed to make effective use of new data that is now being collected by Earth observation satellites. At a time when natural resource development and environmental problems have to be taken into account in their entirety, satellites provide an exceptional means of evaluating, synthesizing and creating geographic information. The production of new images, such as the Landsat Thematic Mapper, the SPOT High Resolution Visible Sensor and the adoption meteorological images such as AVHRR sensors on NOAA satellites, which have been extended to thematic domains such as agriculture and glaciology, have led to many new developments as well as problems for the cartographer. These problems are numerous and varied and recur frequently depending on the images and themes being processed e.g. how to select the graphic specification of maps and legends and account for classification accuracy; how to introduce the minimum of topographical data into an image in order to supply users with an adequate geographic reference; when using a physical terrain image, on which, by definition there are no `blanks' and where no details have been eliminated, how to overcome conceptual difficulties e.g. the side by side placing of different semiological information; the interpretation levels left to reader; achieving a balance between objectivity and readability. Obviously the cartographers role is of prime importance in solving these problems. In order to illustrate the way in which this information is presented, the report provides samples from 33 thematic applications taken from 13 different categories, including agriculture, town planning and water resources. Each application is provided with a descriptive note both in English and French indicating the objective, method and results obtained. This volume provides an important record of current developments in thematic mapping from satellite imagery and should be essential reference for all cartographers.

  • Eastern Europe, Asia, Oceania and Antarctica

    Eastern Europe, Asia, Oceania and Antarctica
    • 1st Edition
    • R. Böhme + 1 more
    • English
    This volume completes the International Cartographic Association's trilogy which has been prepared to provide an "Inventory of World Topographic Mapping", and contains specific details relating to the current coverage of states located in Eastern Europe, Asia, Pacific and Antarctica. The geographical positions of countries described are illustrated by means of a series of accompanying reference maps. The information supplied for each country consists of a text, including a brief history of the development of topographic mapping, geodetic data, map scales and series as well as extracts of maps and index sheets illustrating the present status of map coverage within that country. There is currently no other work employing the approach adopted in assembling this "inventory". This work is a comprehensive and important reference and source book for information in the field of topographic mapping.

  • Elements of Spatial Data Quality

    • 1st Edition
    • S.C. Guptill + 1 more
    • English
    Elements of Spatial Data Quality outlines the need and suggests potential categories for the content of a comprehensive statement of data quality that must be imbedded in the metadata that accompanies the transfer of a digital spatial data file or is available in a separate metadata catalog. Members of the International Cartographic Association's Commission on Spatial Data Quality have identified seven elements of data quality: positional accuracy, attribute accuracy, completeness, logical consistency, lineage, semantic accuracy and temporal information. In the book the authors describe: components of each data quality element, possible metrics that can be used to measure the quality of each criteria, possible testing and rating schemes, and how these parameters might differ from a producer or user point of view. Finally no volume of this nature would be complete without a chapter devoted to necessary future research in this subject area. The chapter points out areas in need of further investigation and speculates about the use and transfer of digital spatial data in tomorrow's electronic world and at developments in presenting specified data quality information in a visualization. This book will be of interest to all of those individuals involved in geographical information systems and spatial data handling.

  • Lunar Science: A Post - Apollo View

    Scientific Results and Insights from the Lunar Samples
    • 1st Edition
    • Stuart Ross Taylor
    • English
    Lunar Science: A Post-Apollo View: Scientific Results and Insights from the Lunar Samples examines the scientific data and discoveries provided by the manned Apollo lunar missions as they are understood. The interpretative aspects of the study are given emphasis in order to present a coherent story of the evolution and origin of the moon based on the lunar samples collected by Apollo. This text has seven chapters; the first of which discusses studies and observations of the moon, particularly its surface, prior to Apollo. Attention then turns to the beginning of the Apollo missions, six of which were successful and one was aborted. The next chapter outlines the broad framework of the lunar landscape and the stratigraphic relations, focusing on lunar topography and other geologic features such as craters, rilles, central peaks and peak rings, wrinkle ridges, and maria lava flows. The reader is also introduced to the nature of the moon's surface, highlighting features such as microcraters and micrometeorites, along with maria basalts, the highlands, and the lunar interior. A chapter on the state of knowledge about the evolution and origin of the moon based on evidence gathered by the Apollo missions concludes the book. An epilogue assesses the usefulness of manned space flight. This book will be valuable to lunar scientists as well as to those with an interest in astronomy and space exploration.

  • Visualization in Modern Cartography

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 2
    • A.M. MacEachren + 1 more
    • English
    Visualization in Modern Cartography explores links between the centuries-old discipline of cartography and today's revolutionary developments in scientific visualization. The book has three main goals: (1) to pass on design and symbolization expertise to the scientific visualization community - information that comes from centuries of pre-computer visualization by cartographers, and their more recent experiences with computerizing the discipline; (2) to help cartographers cope with the dramatic shift from print cartography to a dynamic virtual cartography for which their role is changing from that of map designer to one of spatial information display (and/or interface) designer; (3) to illustrate the expanded role for cartography in geographic, environmental, planning, and earth science applications that comes with the development of interactive geographic visualization tools. To achieve these goals, the book is divided into three parts. The first sets the historical, cognitive, and technological context for geographic/cartograp... visualization tool development. The second covers key technological, symbolization, and user interface issues. The third provides a detailed look at selected prototype geographic/cartograp... visualization tools and their applications.

  • Remote Sensing and Mineral Exploration

    Proceedings of a Workshop of the Twenty-Second Plenary Meeting of COSPAR, Bangalore, India, 29 May to 9 June 1979
    • 1st Edition
    • W. D. Carter + 2 more
    • English
    Remote Sensing and Mineral Exploration contains the proceedings of the international workshop on remote sensing and mineral exploration, held in Bangalore, India in June 1979. The compendium is comprised of papers presented at the workshop and reflects the state of remote sensing in the field of geology and exploration for mineral and energy resources. The two-day conference serves as a platform for geologists and other experts in related fields to share experiences and research studies on the use of satellites and other remote sensing techniques in geologic mapping and mineral and energy exploration. Topics presented include, contributions of LANDSAT data to the geological survey of India; characteristics of the LANDSAT system and data for geologic applications; application of remote sensing techniques to petroleum exploration; and an automatic method of discriminating rock outcrops using LANDSAT data. Geologists, petroleum and mineral exploration experts, and researchers will find this book an interesting reading material.

  • Geographic Information Systems

    The Microcomputer and Modern Cartography
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 1
    • D.R. Fraser Taylor
    • English
    Technological changes are revolutionising cartography and there is a growing convergence between geographic information systems and computer assisted cartography. This book describes in detail the relationship between geographic information systems and modern cartography and considers all aspects from data collection to presentation and applications. Written by some of the world's leading cartographers, the book examines the emergence of electronic mapping systems and stresses both analysis and visualisation.

  • Principles of Meteoritics

    International Series of Monographs on Earth Sciences
    • 1st Edition
    • E.L. Krinov
    • Earl Ingerson
    • English
    Principles of Meteoritics examines the significance of meteorites in relation to cosmogony and to the origin of the planetary system. The book discusses the science of meteoritics and the sources of meteorites. Scientists study the morphology of meteorites to determine their motion in the atmosphere. The scope of such study includes all forms of meteorites, the circumstances of their fall to earth, their motion in the atmosphere, and their orbits in space. Meteoric bodies vary in sizes; in calculating their motion in interplanetary space, astronomers apply the laws of Kepler. In the region of retardation, the direction of motion of the meteoric body changes, and a break in the visible and real trajectories follows. The angle of fall of meteorites at a vertical line on the surface of the Earth measures between 20 degrees to 30 degrees. The text also discusses the Tunguska and Sikhote-alin meteorites, two gigantic meteorites that fell in the U.S.S.R. The text also discusses the chemistry, the mineralogy, the petrography, and the physical properties of meteorites. The book is suitable for astronomers, geologists, and general readers who have an interest in sky watching.

  • An Introduction to the Study of Fabrics of Geological Bodies

    • 1st Edition
    • Bruno Sander
    • English
    An Introduction to the Study of Fabrics of Geological Bodies introduces the reader to the method of fabric studies in accordance with the principles of symmetrology, with emphasis on the link between morphological and functional fabrics. Topics covered include affine and non-affine movement-pictures; movement and symmetry of tectonic deformation; tectonics and fluid mechanics; and movement and symmetry of apposition. Some examples of the use and definition of fabric studies are presented. This book is divided into two parts and begins with an overview of the concepts and objectives of fabric studies, paying particular attention to symmetry and rhythm in morphological and functional fabrics; the movement-picture of affine deformations; and non-affine deformation by gliding on a single set of planes. The discussion then turns to the distribution of planar and linear parallel-fabrics in geological bodies; constructive restoration of earlier geometry of tectonic fabrics; tectonics of intrusives with a high susceptibility to componental movement; and mechanical deformation and metamorphism of rocks. The general characteristics of grain-fabrics are also described. This monograph will be a useful resource for geologists and those working in the fields of mineralogy and petrography.

  • Earth and Cosmos

    A Book Relating the Environment of Man on Earth to the Environment of Earth in the Cosmos
    • 1st Edition
    • Robert S. Kandel
    • English
    Earth and Cosmos presents a comprehensive view of the many connections between the environment of Man on Earth and the environment of the Earth in the cosmos. Topics covered range from matter, radiation, and the basic forces of nature to Earth's relation to the universe, the galaxy, and the sun. The energy balance and global circulation of the atmosphere are also discussed, along with continents, oceans, and climate. This book is comprised of 13 chapters and begins with an overview of the environment of Man on Earth, with emphasis on the Earth's chemical composition and how it is related to both cosmic and terrestrial processes; the radiation environment at the Earth's surface and above; how the atmosphere interacts with both solar and terrestrial radiation; and climate. The following chapters explore matter, radiation, and the laws of nature in relation to the universe; how the terrestrial environment is related to the structure of the universe as a whole; how the composition of the solar system and the Earth reflects the history of the galaxy; and the stability of the Earth's environment. The origins of life on Earth and the impact of human activities on the planet are also considered. The last chapter speaks of the future of humanity, and notably of the problem of the population explosion and its consequences. This monograph will be of interest to students, astronomers, planetary scientists, astrophysicists, biologists, chemists, and geologists.

  • South America, Central America and Africa

    South America, Central America and Africa
    • 1st Edition
    • Rolf Bohme
    • English
    Topographic mapping plays a basic and important role within the extensive field of cartography. In recent years, this type of mapping has become somewhat neglected and available literature is normally restricted to details concerning the programmes of individual countries often presented in the form of monographs. Topographic maps are essential tools for use in development projects, resource exploitation, the planning of construction, infrastructure and recreation. They also give detailed illustration of the relative degrees of development of areas within a landscape and are thus unique in demonstrating the cultural status of a country. This book is the second of three volumes and gives details and examples of topographic maps from Central and South America and Africa. The information supplied for each country consists of a text, including a brief history of the development of topographic mapping, geodetic data, map scales and series, as well as extracts of maps and index sheets illustrating the present status of map coverage within that country. There is currently no other work employing the approach adopted in assembling this inventory. This work is a comprehensive and important reference and source book for information in the field of topographic mapping.

  • Methods in Palaeomagnetism

    Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on Palaeomagnetic Methods, Held in the Physics Department of the University of Newcastle upon Tyne, April 1–10, 1964
    • 1st Edition
    • D.W. Collinson + 2 more
    • English
    Methods in Paleomagnetism covers the proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on Paleomagnetic Methods, held in the Physics Department of the University of Newcastle upon Tyne on April 1-10, 1964. The book focuses on apparatus and techniques used in paleomagnetism and rock magnetism. The selection first offers information on sampling techniques in the field and measurement of natural remanent magnetization. Discussions focus on ballistic and spinner magnetometers; paleomagnetic sampling with a portable coring drill; portable apparatus for collecting small oriented cores; and portable field-sampling equipment. The book also takes a look at procedures to test the stability of magnetization, as well as physical properties of demagnetization; thermal demagnetization by the continuous method; and apparatus for thermal demagnetization by the progressive method. The text ponders on measurement of isotropic and anisotropic susceptibility and magnetic measurements in applied fields. Topics include preliminary account of a refined technique for magnetic susceptibility anisotropy measurement of rocks; errors in anisotropy measurements with the torsion balance; and measurement of the anisotropy of the susceptibility with an astatic magnetometer. The selection is a valuable reference for readers interested in paleomagnetism.

  • Photogeology and Regional Mapping

    • 1st Edition
    • J. A. E. Allum
    • Robert Maxwell
    • English
    Photogeology and Regional Mapping covers the geological interpretation of aerial photographs, the compilation of the interpretations on to maps, the use of aerial photographs in the field, and the use of aerial photography for the production of the final geological map. This book is organized into 10 chapters and starts with an introduction to the aerial photograph. The subsequent chapters deal with the properties of the aerial photograph, including the scale, parallax and their difference. These chapters also survey the process of stereoscopy, the stereoscopic vision, pseudoscopic vision, and setting up the aerial photographs. These topics are followed by discussions on interpretation of the aerial photographs encoded into a map. Other chapters describe the production of the photogeological map and field mapping with the use of aerial photographs. The last chapters consider the compilation of the encoded aerial photographs made into maps and the photogrammetry for geologists that explains the minor control plot, detail plotting, measurement of height differences using a stereometer. This book will be of value to geologists.

  • The Planet Earth

    • 2nd Edition
    • D. R. Bates
    • English
    The Planet Earth, Second Edition focuses on the advances in geophysical sciences and fundamental laws of nature. This edition introduces a new chapter (Chapter 17), which discusses Van Allen radiation belts. The rest of the chapters have also been modified and updated with additions on the work and achievements of the International Geophysical Year (IGY); Mohole project; continental drift and polar wandering; exosphere; state of the theory of magnetic storms and aurorae; and possibility of extra-terrestrial sources of life. Topics also deliberated in this book include origin, age, and possible ultimate fate of the earth; general circulation of the atmosphere and oceans; aurorae and magnetic storms; and genesis of life. This publication is a good reference for students and researchers conducting work on geophysics.

Related subjects