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Books in Life sciences

  • Liquid Scintillation Counting Recent Applications and Development

    Sample Preparation And Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • December 2, 2012
    • Chin-Tzu Peng
    • English
    Liquid Scintillation Counting: Recent Applications and Development, Volume II. Sample Preparation and Applications documents the proceedings of the International Conference on Liquid Scintillation Counting, Recent Applications and Development, held on August 21-24, 1979 at the University of California, San Francisco. The conference brought together 180 scientists from 15 countries who share a common interest in promoting a better understanding of liquid scintillation science and technology. Liquid scintillation counting is one branch of nuclear metrology that many scientists of various disciplines use in tracing and quantification in their investigatory studies. The proceedings, consisting of 14 sections, include 76 of the 77 invited and contributed papers presented at the conference. The first volume contains 37 papers mainly dealing with the physical aspects of liquid scintillation science and technology. The present volume contains papers that cover sample preparation, flow counting, and emulsion (solgel) counting. It also includes studies on applications of liquid scintillation counting, such as chemiluminescence and bioluminescence, environmental monitoring, and biomedical and radioimmunoassays.

  • Metabolic Maps of Pesticides

    • 1st Edition
    • December 2, 2012
    • Hiroyasu Aizawa
    • English
    Metabolic Maps of Pesticides provides a summary of investigations and drawings of the metabolic patterns on pesticides that were collected with the aid of Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) for the years 1970-1979. Some maps were taken from the original reports, some were slightly modified for clarity, and some were tentatively drawn from descriptions in the original articles. The pesticides are classified based on their chemical structures as functional groups or based on common chemical nomenclature. The chemical classifications highlight the properties of the mother pesticides and the impact of their degenerative metabolites on the environment. Metabolic maps are provided for the following: acid amides, amidines and guanidines, anilines and nitrobenzenes, biphenyl ethers, DDT and its analogs, dithio- and thiolcarbamates, five- and six-membered heterocyclic compounds, imides, organochlorine compounds, oxime carbamates, phenoxyacetic acids, pheny ring fused five-membered heterocyclic compounds, phenyl(aryl) carbamates, phenylureas and related compounds, phosphonothiolates and phosphonothioates, phosphonates, phosphorothioamides, phosphates, phosphorothiolates, pyrethroids, pyridines, triazines, and substituted benzenes and miscellaneous compounds.

  • Two-Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis of Proteins

    Methods and Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • December 2, 2012
    • Julio Celis
    • English
    Two-Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis of Proteins: Methods and Applications reviews current methods and clinical applications of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of proteins, including the QUEST system, silver staining, and peptide mapping. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis are applied to the study of diseases ranging from inborn errors of metabolism to human germ-line mutation rates, cancer, and mistranslation in animal and bacterial cells. This volume is organized into three sections encompassing 14 chapters and begins with an overview of the methodology of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, followed by a discussion of computerized two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, silver staining, immunoblotting, and one- and two-dimensional peptide mapping. In most cases, a step-by-step guide to the techniques is given so that procedures may be easily repeated. A catalog of mouse fibroblast proteins is also given. The chapters that follow focus mainly on applications of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis in areas such as clinical and cancer research, human genetics, protein biosynthesis, and gene expression in plants. The final section presents current protein catalogs of Escherichia coli and human HeLa cells. This book is suitable for young researchers as well as for senior scientists working with a wide variety of problems in molecular and cell biology, basic biochemistry, genetics, and clinical research.

  • Aflatoxin

    Scientific Background, Control, and Implications
    • 1st Edition
    • December 2, 2012
    • Leo Goldblatt
    • English
    Aflatoxin: Scientific Background, Control, and Implications discusses general problems posed by mycotoxin contamination in foods and feeds. This book is divided into 15 chapters that summarize the discovery, elaboration, chemistry and assay, effects and metabolic fate, processing to ensure their removal or inactivation, and regulatory aspects of aflatoxins. The introductory chapters cover the discovery, formation by Aspergillus flavus, and the chemistry and structure of aflatoxins. The subsequent chapters describe the physicochemical and biological assays for aflatoxin measurement, detection, and analysis. A chapter also describes the metabolic fate and the biochemical alterations associated with aflatoxin administration to animals and other biological test systems. Discussions on the acute toxicity and carcinogenic activity of aflatoxins in laboratory and farm animals are also provided, with emphasis on the recognition of aflatoxicosis, a disease condition caused by the action of the aflatoxin poison. The book goes on examining the role of spoilage molds in destroying stored crops and the tremendous capacity for toxin production of aflatoxins. It also describes successful efforts of food and feed industries to ensure a wholesome food supply, including the utilization of various detoxification processes. The last chapters deal with the regulatory provisions for aflatoxin contamination control and tolerances and the implications of fungal toxins to human health. The book is intended for scientists and manufacturers concerned with the production and processing of foods and feeds, the nutrition, and the animal and public health.

  • Biology and Geology of Coral Reefs V3

    Biology 2
    • 1st Edition
    • December 2, 2012
    • O.A. Jones
    • English
    Biology and Geology of Coral Reefs, Volume III: Biology 2 covers the major advances made in the biological aspects of coral reef problems. This book discusses the ecology, animal associates, and toxicity of coral reefs. Composed of 11 chapters, the book initially describes the diversity of animals permanently or temporarily associated with living corals despite the formidable nematocyst batteries possessed by corals. The text goes on discussing some specializations of some shrimps and prawns permanently associated with living corals, thus, augmenting the number of biological niches available for colonization. The subsequent chapters deal with the appearance and distribution of coral reefs echinoderms and their biogeography; the role of fishes in the energetic of the coral reef system; the high incidence of toxic fishes in coral reef waters; and the origin, transmission, detection, pharmacology, and chemistry of ciguatoxin. The book also discusses natural and man-induced destruction of coral reef communities and the rate, manner, and extent of recovery of such destruction. It also describes the types of vegetation that grow on the limestone substratum provided by coral islands. Another chapter provides distributional data on the birds of the Great Barrier Reef region and the behavior and evolution of island populations of sea birds. The concluding chapters present the general biology of sea turtles and the factors that influence the number and types of organisms found on coral islands. This book will acquaint readers with some of the exciting developments in coral reef biology and will provide information that will enable them to assess the status of research in different fields.

  • Physiological Correlates of Emotion

    • 1st Edition
    • December 2, 2012
    • Perry Black
    • English
    Physiological Correlates of Emotion focuses on the major experimental approaches currently applied to the study of emotion and its physiological or behavioral parameters. It explores the heritability and developmental aspects of emotional behavior as well as its neurochemical and endocrine, neurophysiological, and psychophysiological correlates. In particular, it considers the modification of emotional behavior by intracranial administration of chemicals, the link between the limbic brain and psychoses, the role of nonspecific reticulo-thalamo-cor... systems in emotion, modulation of emotion by cerebral radio stimulation, and the role of brain function in emotion. Organized into five sections comprised of 13 chapters, this book begins with a historical overview of research in emotion and behavior theory. It then discusses the studies dealing with heritability of emotional behavior in animals. The remaining chapters tackle the maturation of social-emotional patterns, localization of biogenic amines in the brain, psychophysiological experiments on the endocrine and autonomic correlates of emotional behavior, and psychotic manifestations of limbic dysfunction in humans. It explains the two-way radio communication with the human brain, the behavioral significance of bradycardia and hypotension, the perception and labeling of bodily changes as determinants of emotional behavior, and the conditioned emotional states. The book concludes with a phenomenological analysis of brain function in emotion. This book is essential reading for psychologists, psychiatrists, physiologists, and those working in the medical and behavioral sciences.

  • Enzymatic Basis of Detoxication Volume 1

    • 1st Edition
    • December 2, 2012
    • William B. Jakoby
    • English
    Enzymatic Basis of Detoxication, Volume I focuses on the catalytic mechanisms and physiological expression of the enzymes that are involved in the detoxication of foreign compounds. The book explores foreign compound metabolism at the level of what specific enzymes can do. This book is organized into three sections and comprised of 17 chapters. The discussion begins with an overview of detoxication and covers both catalytic and non-catalytic removal of foreign substances, along with the general properties of the enzymes that are active in detoxication. The reader is then introduced to the physiological aspects of detoxication, paying particular attention to the kinetic aspects of metabolism and elimination of foreign compounds in animals, human genetic variation in detoxication enzymes, and how such enzymes are induced. The next section focuses on mixed function oxygenase systems and includes chapters on cytochrome P-450 and the detoxication reactions it catalyzes. The book also considers other oxidation-reduction systems, with reference to alcohol dehydrogenase, aldehyde reductase, aldehyde oxidizing enzymes, ketone reductases, xanthine oxidase and aldehyde oxidase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutases. The final chapter is devoted to monoamine oxidase, its properties, substrate specificity, inhibitors, kinetics and mechanism, and multiple forms. Pharmacologists, toxicologists, and biochemists will find this book extremely helpful.

  • The Hormones V2

    Physiology, Chemistry and Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • December 2, 2012
    • Mohhamad Reza Kiani
    • English
    The Hormones: Physiology, Chemistry and Applications, Volume II covers the chemistry, physiology, and clinical applications of the mammalian endocrinology. This volume contains 10 chapters, and begins with discussions on the physiology and the role of ovarian hormones and androgens on vital processes. The subsequent chapters explore the biochemistry, physiology, and metabolism of specific secreted hormones, such as adrenal cortex, thyroid, and posterior pituitary hormones, and gonadotrophins. Other chapters deal also with the chemical control of nervous activity of acetylcholine, adrenaline, sympathin, and neurohormones. The concluding chapter focuses on the clinical applications of the covered hormones and their role in mammalian growth. This book is an invaluable source for mammalian endocrinologists, physiologists, biochemists, and researchers who are interested in mammalian development.

  • Problems with Temperature Regulation During Exercise

    • 1st Edition
    • December 2, 2012
    • Ethan Nadel
    • English
    Problems with Temperature Regulation during Exercise covers the proceedings of the 1976 Problems of Temperature Regulation during Exercise symposium in conjunction with the American College of Sports Medicine meeting, held in Anaheim, California. This book contains seven chapters that consider the various aspects of a specialized problem within the broader area of temperature regulation and exercise physiology. After briefly providing an overview of the temperature regulation during exercise, this text goes on discussing the physical means by which heat is transferred both within the body and between the body and its environment. These topics are followed by a presentation of the physiological systems that control the rates of heat transfer. The subsequent chapters examine the conditions in which the controlling systems are limited in their abilities to transfer heat and to adapt in their capabilities. The remaining chapters explore the specific influences that enhance heat dissipation mechanisms at a given level of central thermoregulatory drive. This work is of great benefit to circulatory physiologists and biophysicists.

  • Differences in Visual Perception

    The Individual Eye
    • 1st Edition
    • December 2, 2012
    • Jules Davidoff
    • English
    Differences in Visual Perception: The Individual Eye examines the differences in visual perception that can occur in various circumstances when observers perceive the “same” event. More specifically, the book considers the distinction between “what happens when a person looks at the world directly and when he sits with his eyes closed and thinks.” This book is organized into five chapters and begins with an overview of differences in perception that are in operation for only a short time, emphasizing the distinction between short and long-term effects and at what point “short” becomes “long.” The reader is then introduced to the development of perception, touching on topics such as the nature-nurture issue, visual acuity and visual discrimination, color-vision, space perception, and attentional processes. The ambiguity of the stimulus is also discussed, along with the perceptual theory known as “transactionalism,” how the visual world is interpreted, and the nature of the input to the visual system. The theme that runs throughout this work is the fact that the same external input does not necessarily bring about in all of us the same perception. This book will prove useful to students as well as established researchers interested in visual perception and cognition.

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