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    • Progress in Optics

      • 1st Edition
      • Volume 43
      • May 17, 2002
      • English
      • Hardback
        9 7 8 0 4 4 4 5 1 0 2 2 8
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 0 4 4 4 5 5 1 8 6 3
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 0 8 0 9 2 9 9 8 9
      The seven reviews articles presented in this volume cover a broad range of subjects. The first article is concerned with the use of active optics in modern, large telescopes. The second article discusses variational methods used in nonlinear fibre optics and in related fields. The article by O. Keller which follows deals with a topic of historical interest, presenting a account of researches of the Danish physicist L.V. Lorenz who in 1867 established the electrodynamic theory of light, independently of the work of James Clerk Maxwell. The fourth article is concerned with the canonical quantum description of light propagation in dielectric media. The fifth article by D. Dragoman describes the similarities and the differences between classical optics and quantum mechanics in phase space. The article by R. Boyd and D. Gauthier which follows, summarizes research on pulse propagation effects in resonant material system. The concluding article by A. Torre is concerned with the fractional Fourier transform and some of it applications in optics. It is clear that the articles in this volume cover a broad range of subjects, some of which are likely to be of interest to many scientists concerned with optical theory or with optical devices.

    • Almost Free Modules

      • 1st Edition
      • Volume 65
      • April 29, 2002
      • P.C. Eklof + 1 more
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 0 4 4 4 5 4 6 7 4 6
      • Hardback
        9 7 8 0 4 4 4 5 0 4 9 2 0
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 0 8 0 5 2 7 0 5 5
      This book provides a comprehensive exposition of the use of set-theoretic methods in abelian group theory, module theory, and homological algebra, including applications to Whitehead's Problem, the structure of Ext and the existence of almost-free modules over non-perfect rings. This second edition is completely revised and udated to include major developments in the decade since the first edition. Among these are applications to cotorsion theories and covers, including a proof of the Flat Cover Conjecture, as well as the use of Shelah's pcf theory to constuct almost free groups. As with the first edition, the book is largely self-contained, and designed to be accessible to both graduate students and researchers in both algebra and logic. They will find there an introduction to powerful techniques which they may find useful in their own work.

    • Chips Challenging Champions

      • 1st Edition
      • April 17, 2002
      • J. Schaeffer + 1 more
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 0 4 4 4 5 0 9 4 9 9
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 0 8 0 9 2 9 9 1 0
      One of the earliest dreams of the fledgling field of artificial intelligence (AI) was to build computer programs that could play games as well as or better than the best human players. Despite early optimism in the field, the challenge proved to be surprisingly difficult. However, the 1990s saw amazing progress. Computers are now better than humans in checkers, Othello and Scrabble; are at least as good as the best humans in backgammon and chess; and are rapidly improving at hex, go, poker, and shogi. This book documents the progress made in computers playing games and puzzles. The book is the definitive source for material of high-performance game-playing programs.

    • Parallel Computational Fluid Dynamics 2001, Practice and Theory

      • 1st Edition
      • April 17, 2002
      • P. Wilders + 4 more
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 0 4 4 4 5 5 1 7 9 5
      • Hardback
        9 7 8 0 4 4 4 5 0 6 7 2 6
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 0 8 0 5 3 8 4 1 9
      ParCFD 2001, the thirteenth international conference on Parallel Computational Fluid Dynamics took place in Egmond aan Zee, the Netherlands, from May 21-23, 2001. The specialized, high-level ParCFD conferences are organized yearly on traveling locations all over the world. A strong back-up is given by the central organization located in the USA http://www.parcfd.or... proceedings of ParCFD 2001 represent 70% of the oral lectures presented at the meeting. All published papers were subjected to a refereeing process, which resulted in a uniformly high quality. The papers cover not only the traditional areas of the ParCFD conferences, e.g. numerical schemes and algorithms, tools and environments, interdisciplinary topics, industrial applications, but, following local interests, also environmental and medical issues. These proceedings present an up-to-date overview of the state of the art in parallel computational fluid dynamics.

    • Handbook of Dynamical Systems

      • 1st Edition
      • Volume 2
      • February 21, 2002
      • B. Fiedler
      • English
      • Hardback
        9 7 8 0 4 4 4 5 0 1 6 8 4
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 0 8 0 5 3 2 8 4 4
      This handbook is volume II in a series collecting mathematical state-of-the-art surveys in the field of dynamical systems. Much of this field has developed from interactions with other areas of science, and this volume shows how concepts of dynamical systems further the understanding of mathematical issues that arise in applications. Although modeling issues are addressed, the central theme is the mathematically rigorous investigation of the resulting differential equations and their dynamic behavior. However, the authors and editors have made an effort to ensure readability on a non-technical level for mathematicians from other fields and for other scientists and engineers. The eighteen surveys collected here do not aspire to encyclopedic completeness, but present selected paradigms. The surveys are grouped into those emphasizing finite-dimensional methods, numerics, topological methods, and partial differential equations. Application areas include the dynamics of neural networks, fluid flows, nonlinear optics, and many others.While the survey articles can be read independently, they deeply share recurrent themes from dynamical systems. Attractors, bifurcations, center manifolds, dimension reduction, ergodicity, homoclinicity, hyperbolicity, invariant and inertial manifolds, normal forms, recurrence, shift dynamics, stability, to namejust a few, are ubiquitous dynamical concepts throughout the articles.

    • Handbook of Public Economics

      • 1st Edition
      • Volume 3
      • January 25, 2002
      • Martin Feldstein + 1 more
      • English
      • Hardback
        9 7 8 0 4 4 4 8 2 3 1 4 4
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 0 8 0 5 4 4 1 9 9
      The Field of Public Economics has been changing rapidly in recent years, and the sixteen chapters contained in this Handbook survey many of the new developments. As a field, Public Economics is defined by its objectives rather than its techniques and much of what is new is the application of modern methods of economic theory and econometrics to problems that have been addressed by economists for over two hundred years. More generally, the discussion of public finance issues also involves elements of political science, finance and philosophy. These connections are evidence in several of the chapters that follow. Public Economics is the positive and normative study of government's effect on the economy. We attempt to explain why government behaves as it does, how its behavior influences the behavior of private firms and households, and what the welfare effects of such changes in behavior are. Following Musgrave (1959) one may imagine three purposes for government intervention in the economy: allocation, when market failure causes the private outcome to be Pareto inefficient, distribution, when the private market outcome leaves some individuals with unacceptably low shares in the fruits of the economy, and stabilization, when the private market outcome leaves some of the economy's resources underutilized. The recent trend in economic research has tended to emphasize the character of stabilization problems as problems of allocation in the labor market. The effects that government intervention can have on the allocation and distribution of an economy's resources are described in terms of efficiency and incidence effects. These are the primary measures used to evaluate the welfare effects of government policy.

    • Free Electron Lasers 2000

      • 1st Edition
      • January 24, 2002
      • V.N. Litvinenko + 1 more
      • English
      • Hardback
        9 7 8 0 4 4 4 5 0 9 3 9 0
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 0 8 0 9 2 9 8 8 0
      The 22nd International Free Electron Laser Conference and 7th FEL User Workshop were held August 13-18, 2000 at Washington Duke Inn and Golf Club in Durham, North Carolina, USA. The conference and the workshop were hosted by Duke University's Free Electron laser (FEL) Laboratory. Following tradition, the FEL prize award was announced at the banquet. The year 2000 FEL prize was awarded to three scientists propelling the limits of high power FELs: Steven Benson, Eisuke Minehara and George Neill.The conference program was comprised of traditional oral sessions on First Lasing, FEL theory, storage ring FELs, linac and high power FELs, long wavelength FELs, SASE FELs, accelerator and FEL physics and technology, and new developments and proposals. Two sessions on accelerator and FEL physics and technology reflected the emphasis on the high quality of accelerators and components for modern FELs. The breadth of the applications was presented in the workshop oral sessions on materials processing, biomedical and surgical applications, physics and chemistry as well as on instrumentation and methods for FEL applications. A special oral session was dedicated to FEL center status reports for users to learn more about the opportunities with FELs. As usual, the oral sessions were supplemented by poster sessions with in-depth discussions and communications. The FEL physicists and FEL users had excellent opportunities to interact throughout the duration of the event, culminating a Joint Sessions. The year 2000 was very successful being marked by lasing with two SASE and one storage ring short-wavelength FELs, and by the first human surgery with the use of FEL, to mention but a few. The International Program Committee and chairs of the sessions had the challenging and exciting problem of selecting invived and contributed talks for the conferences and the workshop from the influx of abstracts mentioning new results and ideas. The success of the conference was determined by these contributions. Scientists from 15 countries gave 70 talks, presented 176 posters and submitted 146 papers, which are published in the present volume of proceedings.

    • Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths

      • 1st Edition
      • Volume 32
      • January 10, 2002
      • L. Eyring + 2 more
      • English
      • Hardback
        9 7 8 0 4 4 4 5 0 7 6 2 4
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 0 8 0 9 2 9 6 8 2
      This volume of the handbook covers a variety of topics with three chapters dealing with a range of lanthanide magnetic materials, and three individual chapters concerning equiatomic ternary ytterbium intermetallic compounds, rare-earth polysulfides, and lanthanide organic complexes. Two the chapters also include information of the actinides and the comparative lanthanide/actinide behaviors.

    • Handbook of Geometric Topology

      • 1st Edition
      • December 20, 2001
      • R.B. Sher + 1 more
      • English
      • Hardback
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      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 0 8 0 5 3 2 8 5 1
      Geometric Topology is a foundational component of modern mathematics, involving the study of spacial properties and invariants of familiar objects such as manifolds and complexes. This volume, which is intended both as an introduction to the subject and as a wide ranging resouce for those already grounded in it, consists of 21 expository surveys written by leading experts and covering active areas of current research. They provide the reader with an up-to-date overview of this flourishing branch of mathematics.

    • Progress in Optics

      • 1st Edition
      • Volume 42
      • December 17, 2001
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 0 4 4 4 5 4 6 8 0 7
      • Hardback
        9 7 8 0 4 4 4 5 0 9 0 8 6
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 0 8 0 9 2 9 8 5 9
      This volume presents six review articles devoted to various topics of current interest both in classical and in quantum optics. The first article, by S. Ya. Kilin, entitled "Quanta and Information", is concerned with a multidisciplinary subject which involves optics, information theory, programming and discrete mathematics. The second article, "Optical Solitons in Periodic Media with Resonant and Off-Resonant Nonlinearities", by G. Kurizki, A.E. Kozhekin, T. Optatrny and B. Malomed, reviews the properties of optical solitons in periodic nonlinear media. The article which follows deals with an effect and its inverse which is a manifestation of hindrance and enhancement, respectively, of the evolution of a quantum system by an external agent, such as a detection apparatus. The fourth article discusses the current status of a relatively new branch of physical optics, sometimes called singular optics. The next two articles respectively present a review of advances in two-photon interferometry and their relation to investigations of the foundations of quantum theory and an examination of transverse mode shaping and selection in laser resonators.

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