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    • Production Economics: A Dual Approach to Theory and Applications

      • 1st Edition
      • Volume 2
      • June 28, 2014
      • Melvyn Fuss + 1 more
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 4 9 6 1 2
      • eBook
        9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 5 9 0 3 1
      Contributions to Economic Analysis: Production Economics: A Dual Approach to Theory and Applications, Volume 2 focuses on the theory of production from the standpoint of the "dual", the relationships between economic observables which are dual to physical technology. The selection first ponders on duality, intermediate inputs and value-added, Hicks' aggregation theorem and the existence of a real value-added function, and homotheticity and real value-added in Canadian manufacturing. Discussions focus on real value-added and the production structure, estimation of the production structure, double deflation and real value-added, measurement of total productivity, and duality between direct and conditional indirect utility functions. The book then examines the estimation techniques for the elasticity of substitution and other production parameters and measurement of the elasticity of factor substitution and bias of technical change. The publication takes a look at the identification of technical change in the electricity generating industry, factor substitution in electricity generation, and the effectiveness of rate-of-return regulation. Topics include statistical tests of regulatory effectiveness, profit function for a regulated firm, tests of the structure of technology, identification problems in the measurement of technical change, and measurement of disembodied technical change. The selection is a valuable source of information for economists and researchers interested in production economics.

    • The Perception of Poverty

      • 1st Edition
      • Volume 156
      • June 28, 2014
      • A.J.M. Hagenaars
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 1 4 9 3 3 0 8 1 7 0
      • eBook
        9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 9 6 3 5 7
      An attempt to define, measure and explain poverty is presented in this volume by means of a newly developed theoretical model. A combination of theory and empirical application is achieved by using the theoretical model on a sizeable data set derived from an extensive survey conducted in eight European countries. The nature of poverty is thereby empirically defined (and not a priori) as being the income level at which households feel that their income is just between sufficient and insufficient.An aggregate poverty index, associated with this poverty line definition, is calculated for each country and for subgroups within each country.Conclusions for social policy are drawn, describing which groups are at especially high risk of entering poverty, and who therefore need more specific policies. It is also discussed to what extent economic growth will eliminate poverty and which alternative measures are available.

    • Handbook of Set-Theoretic Topology

      • 1st Edition
      • June 28, 2014
      • K. Kunen + 1 more
      • English
      • eBook
        9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 9 5 1 5 2
      This Handbook is an introduction to set-theoretic topology for students in the field and for researchers in other areas for whom results in set-theoretic topology may be relevant. The aim of the editors has been to make it as self-contained as possible without repeating material which can easily be found in standard texts. The Handbook contains detailed proofs of core results, and references to the literature for peripheral results where space was insufficient. Included are many open problems of current interest.In general, the articles may be read in any order. In a few cases they occur in pairs, with the first one giving an elementary treatment of a subject and the second one more advanced results. These pairs are: Hodel and Juhász on cardinal functions; Roitman and Abraham-Todorčević on S- and L-spaces; Weiss and Baumgartner on versions of Martin's axiom; and Vaughan and Stephenson on compactness properties.

    • Statistical Models for the Fracture of Disordered Media

      • 1st Edition
      • June 28, 2014
      • H.J. Herrmann + 1 more
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 0 4 4 4 8 8 5 5 0 0
      • eBook
        9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 9 6 1 2 8
      Since the beginning of the century the technological desire to master the fracture of metals, concrete or polymers has boosted research and has left behind an overwhelming amount of literature. In a field where it seems difficult to say anything simple and new, the editors and authors of this book have managed to do just that.The approach to fracture taken here was not conceived by mechanical engineers or material scientists. It is essentially the by-product of exciting developments that have occurred in the last ten to fifteen years within a branch of theoretical physics, called statistical physics. Concepts such as ``percolation'' and ``fractals'', as models for the properties of fracture are not often considered by engineers. A particular aim of this volume is to emphasize the fundamental role disorder plays in the breaking process.The main scope of the volume is pedagogical and is at the same time an overview of fracture mechanics for physicists and an introduction to new concepts of statistical physics for mechanics and engineers. To this end the first half of the book consists of introductory chapters and the second half contains the results that have emerged from this new approach.

    • Integrated Broadband Networks

      • 1st Edition
      • June 28, 2014
      • M.C.J. Elton
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 1 4 9 3 3 0 4 8 4 4
      • eBook
        9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 9 9 2 9 7
      Integrated broadband networks (IBNs), when compared to high definition television, are seen by many as probably being more important to the future industrial competitiveness of the United States in the telecommunications field, and as certainly raising far more complex issues of economics, law, regulation, and social impact. The first concerted attempt to identify and investigate these issues was started in 1987 by a leading US telecommunications policy research center. This book presents key contributions to that study, each written by a leading authority in his field. Its breadth of coverage does justice to the multifaceted nature of the core policy issues; its scholarly standards make it a valuable resource for future researchers; and its relevance to immediate policy concerns makes it required reading for those who need to understand what will continue to be a highly controversial public debate for a long time to come.

    • Macroeconomic Modelling

      • 1st Edition
      • Volume 172
      • June 28, 2014
      • S.G. Hall + 1 more
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 1 4 9 3 3 0 7 9 4 4
      • eBook
        9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 9 5 4 7 3
      This book arose out of research carried out by the authors in the period 1983-1987 whilst at the National Institute of Economic and Social Research. A number of things combined to impart the basic thrust of the research: partly the developments in formulating and estimating rational expectations models, and partly actual developments in the UK economy itself.An application of recent developments in dynamic modelling to a complete macroeconometric model of the UK is presented. Rational expectations modelling, co-integration and disequilibrium modelling are covered. The book also develops computational procedures for obtaining efficient solutions to large-scale models, and illustrates model solutions assuming rational expectations and stochastic simulations. Finally, sections on the analysis of models using optimal control methods illustrate applications of a large-scale econometric model. This section also discusses policy applications, including the derivation of time-consistent policies in the presence of rational expectations, giving quantified illustrations.

    • Labour Unions and the Theory of International Trade

      • 1st Edition
      • Volume 202
      • June 28, 2014
      • M.C. Kemp + 2 more
      • English
      • eBook
        9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 9 5 3 5 0
      This book provides a theory of trade between countries in at least one of which the pattern of competitive markets is disturbed by a powerful national labour union and in which, therefore, wage distortions are endogenous; the book then proceeds to re-examine the several comparative-equilibr... questions of conventional trade theory. In addition, several questions are confronted which can be posed only in the new framework.In Chapters II and III, two well-known models of production and trade are taken. In Chapter IV the analysis of Chapter II is reconsidered under the assumption that there is a strong labour union in each trading country. Chapters V-VII broaden the scope of analysis by allowing for capital accumulation and its interaction with union policies.

    • Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence 2

      • 1st Edition
      • Volume 5
      • June 28, 2014
      • L.N. Kanal + 1 more
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 1 4 9 3 3 0 5 5 9 9
      • eBook
        9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 9 6 5 3 1
      This second volume is arranged in four sections: Analysis contains papers which compare the attributes of various approaches to uncertainty. Tools provides sufficient information for the reader to implement uncertainty calculations. Papers in the Theory section explain various approaches to uncertainty. The Applications section describes the difficulties involved in, and the results produced by, incorporating uncertainty into actual systems.

    • National Trade Policies

      • 1st Edition
      • June 28, 2014
      • D. Salvatore
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 1 4 9 3 3 0 5 0 2 5
      • eBook
        9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 9 5 6 3 3
      The aim of this volume is to examine and compare the trade policies followed by the most important trading nations of the world. Today there are few, if any, large scale studies of comparative trade such as this one. Moreover trade policies and controversies are expected to become even more important in the future.The volume offers an easily accessible overview of trade policies in each of the world's major trading countries. Thus, this handbook can be of great use to students of comparative economic systems in general and to economists, policymakers, and the general informed public, serving as a comprehensive source of reference and comparison. The references at the end of each chapter and the selected bibliography at the end of the volume identify the most important sources of additional information on the trade policies of the world's most important trading countries.

    • Explaining the Growth of Government

      • 1st Edition
      • Volume 171
      • June 28, 2014
      • J.A. Lybeck + 1 more
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 1 4 9 3 3 0 4 8 7 5
      • eBook
        9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 9 4 9 7 1
      The aim of this book is to explain the post-war growth of the public sector in a number of developed economies. The purpose is to see whether scientists familiar with their respective countries' institutional, political and economic framework, but still working as a group, can advance some common factors behind the growth of government.

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