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  • Development of Biodiesel-Resistant Nitrile Rubber Compositions

    • 1st Edition
    • Felipe N. Linhares
    • English
    Biodiesel is an excellent potential replacement for petroleum diesel fuels because of its comparable physical properties in addition to its improved environmental benefits, such as low pollutant gas emissions, nontoxicity, renewability, and biodegradability. However, biodiesel and petroleum diesel differ greatly with respect to their chemical properties. Therefore, the compatibility of the materials that are commonly employed in contact with diesel must also be assured for biodiesel that has been obtained from different sources. Although nitrile rubber (NBR) has previously not been recommended for biodiesel applications, up to now no effort has been made to better understand the interaction between nitrile rubber and biodiesel or to propose improvements to the production of NBR articles. This book evaluates the resistance of different types of NBR and NBR formulations to biodiesel.It is shown how increasing acrylonitrile content and carboxylation increase the rubber resistance to biodiesel, and a new method employing accelerators to prepare novel biodiesel-resistant formulations is described. The choice of accelerator has a significant effect on the biodiesel resistance, and compositions prepared from an efficient vulcanization system are shown to be most resistant to chemical degradation. The effects on physical properties such as tensile strength, hardness, and elongation at break are also analyzed and evaluated. The potential for these materials to be used in applications in which they will be in contact with biodiesel is thus demonstrated.
  • Robust Process Development and Scientific Molding

    Theory and Practice
    • 2nd Edition
    • Suhas Kulkarni
    • English
    This book introduces the concepts of Scientific Molding and Scientific Processing for Injection Molding, geared toward developing a robust, repeatable, and reproducible (3Rs) molding process. It explains the underlying principles of polymer science: the properties that are important to injection molding and their application to molding process development. The effects of polymer morphology, thermal transitions, drying, and rheology on the injection molding process are explained in detail. The development of a robust molding process is broken down into two sections: the Cosmetic Process and the Dimensional Process. Scientific molding procedures to establish a 3R process are provided. The concept of Design of Experiments (DOEs) for and in injection molding is explained, giving insight into the cosmetic and dimensional process windows. A plan to release qualified molds into production with troubleshooting tips is also provided. Topics that impact a robust process such as the use of regrind, mold cooling, and venting are also described.Readers will be able to utilize the knowledge gained from the book in their day-to-day operations immediately. This second edition includes a completely new chapter on Quality Concepts, as well as much additional material throughout, covering fountain flow, factors affecting post mold shrinkage, and factor selections for DOEs. There are also further explanations on several topics, such as in-mold rheology curves, cavity imbalances, intensification ratios, gate seal studies, holding time optimization of hot runner molds, valve gated molds, and parts with large gates. A troubleshooting guide for common molded defects is also provided.
  • Leadership and Management of Machining

    How to Integrate Technology, Robust Processes, and People to Win!
    • 1st Edition
    • Tim A Osswald
    • English
    Global machining competitiveness has evolved to the level that requires a holistic approach to management and technology implementation. Connectivity, data, and digitization provide opportunities for significant improvements in modeling, programming, simulation, productivity, and real-time decision making. This book demonstrates how to integrate these technological advancements with Lean, Six Sigma, CNC programming, quality, and machining best practices to create an agile machining organization capable of winning against competition anywhere in the world. Written for the entire organization, this book focuses on the business of machining and how to develop the infrastructure and people to yield exceptional quality, delivery, and profits. The author introduces a new model—the Machining Pyramid—that integrates, people, equipment, and robust processes to create the architecture and blueprint for high performance.
  • Extrusion Dies for Plastics and Rubber

    • 4th Edition
    • Christian Hopmann
    • English
    This definitive book provides a comprehensive account of the full range of dies used for extrusion of plastics and elastomers. The distinctive features of the various types of dies are described in detail. Expert advice on the configuration of dies is given, and the possibilities of computer-aided design, as well as its limitations, are demonstrated. Fundamentals and computational procedures are clearly explained so that no special prior knowledge of the subject is required. The mechanical configuration, handling, and maintenance of extrusion dies are described. Calibration procedures for pipes and profiles are also discussed. This book was written for plastics engineers who need daily support in their practical work in industry and science as well for students preparing for their professional life.
  • Cylindrical Gears

    Calculation – Materials – Manufacturing
    • 1st Edition
    • Heinz Linke + 2 more
    • English
    An unrivalled compendium on the development of gear units. This book contains a complete presentation of all branches essential for the development of gear units, in particular that of cylindrical gears. The main subareas are geometry, load capacity, gear noise, design process, quality assurance, materials, heat treatment, and manufacturing. Further topics covered are material selection, strength values, the creation of drawings as well as practical design examples. The used technical terms and standards are based on the internationally valid and applied ISO standards. This book provides the basis for practical calculations and detailed analyses. It addresses graduate engineers in research, development and manufacturing departments as well as students and postgraduates in mechanical and plant engineering, as well as in automotive, aerospace and marine engineering.
  • The First Snap-Fit Handbook

    Creating and Managing Attachments for Plastics Parts
    • 3rd Edition
    • Paul R Bonenberger
    • English
    The systems-level knowledge and design skills needed to create good snap-fit interfaces existed in the minds of self-taught snap-fit experts but was not captured in the literature. New designers of plastic parts wishing to use snap-fit had nowhere to turn unless they were fortunate enough to have access to an experienced snap-fit designer. This book organizes and presents all design aspects of snap-fits with an emphasis on the systems level thinking required to create world-class attachments. Beginning, as well as experienced, product designers will find the information they need to develop snap-fits more efficiently and avoid many common snap-fit problems. The third edition has been thoroughly revised to include new case histories and applications. The text has been extensively rewritten for clarity and user-friendliness and there are many new figures with expert explanations.
  • Injection Molding

    Process Control, Monitoring, and Optimization
    • 1st Edition
    • Yi Yang + 3 more
    • English
    Injection molding is the most versatile, flexible, and dynamic plastics production operation. It has been used to manufacture products from practically all thermoplastic polymers, blends, composites, and nanocomposites. A critical aspect for the success of the process depends on understanding and control of the various steps of the injection molding process and the thermo-mechanical history experienced by the polymer throughout the process. Moreover, it is important to understand the impact of this history on the characteristics of the final product. As many of the above interactions and concepts are complex, it is very important to develop a monitoring strategy that permits the identification of the status and responses of the critical process variables. Overall, a successful injection molding process must be coupled to a successful process monitoring, optimization, and control strategy. Injection Molding Process Control, Monitoring, and Optimization represents a major contribution to the science and practice of injection molding by satisfying the critical needs of injection molding machine manufacturers, mold and product designers, and molders. Moreover, the book will be helpful to researchers and teachers in the fields of injection molding and process control.
  • Rheological and Morphological Properties of Dispersed Polymeric Materials

    • 1st Edition
    • Helmut Münstedt
    • English
    The rheology of polymer melts plays an important role today in industry and academia. Although several textbooks on this subject are available, with very few exceptions they cover homogeneous products only. This book is unique in that it focuses on heterogeneous systems such as particle-filled materials and polymer blends, which are highly important in the world market. It deals with similarities and differences of the flow properties of these two classes of material, providing both a fundamental and a practical understanding. Key points of the book are the viscous and elastic properties of engineering polymers filled with functional particles and the influence of nanoparticles on rheological properties. Two key aspects of rheological measurements are discussed: the influence of heterogeneous structures on the flow of materials important for processing and the use of rheological means to get an insight into morphological features. Both approaches are applied to particle-filled melts and to polymer blends. In the latter case it is shown in detail in which way the deformation of droplets formed by the dispersed phase can be affected by outer deformation, particularly in elongation.
  • Additive Manufacturing

    3D Printing for Prototyping and Manufacturing
    • 1st Edition
    • Andreas Gebhardt
    • English
    Oriented toward the practitioner, this book presents a clear overview of additive manufacturing, going from the basics to the properties and special aspects of industrially available machines. From the generation of data to the forming method, the complete process chain is shown in a practical light. In particular, the following additive manufacturing technologies are discussed extensively: Polymerization (e.g., stereolithography) Sintering and melting (e.g., laser sintering) Layer laminate method (e.g., laminated object manufacturing, LOM) Extrusion (e.g., fused deposition modeling, FDM) 3D printing Applications for the production of models and prototypes (rapid prototyping), tools, tool inserts, and forms (rapid tooling) as well as end products (rapid manufacturing) are covered in detailed chapters with examples. Questions of efficiency are discussed from a strategic point of view and also from an operational perspective. This book supports product developers and people responsible for production who face the challenges of implementing additive manufacturing not just for prototypes or one-off parts but for its increasingly important application in direct production of finished products. The method not only reduces the demands on industrial infrastructure but also opens up new perspectives in terms of decentralized production and customer inclusive individualized production (customization, cyberproduction).
  • Injection Mold Design Engineering

    • 2nd Edition
    • David O. Kazmer
    • English
    This book provides a structured methodology and scientific basis for engineering injection molds. The topics are presented in a top-down manner, beginning with introductory definitions and the big picture before proceeding to layout and detailed design of molds. The book provides very pragmatic analysis with worked examples that can be readily adapted to real-world product design applications. It will help students and practitioners to understand the inner workings of injection molds and encourage them to think outside the box in developing innovative and highly functional mold designs. This new edition has been extensively revised with new content that includes more than 80 new and revised figures and tables, coverage of development strategy, 3D printing, in-mold sensors, and practical worksheets, as well as a completely new chapter on the mold commissioning process, part approval, and mold maintenance.