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Elsevier

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  • Specialty Thermoplastics

    • 1st Edition
    • Prakash Trivedi
    • English

  • Extruder Processing

    Comparison of Single- and Twin-Screw Extruders for Optimal Solids Conveying, Melting, and Mixing
    • 1st Edition
    • Paul G. Andersen + 1 more
    • English
    Single-screw or twin-screw extruder? When the need to produce a homogenous polymer melt occurs in the industrial environment, both product attributes and equipment cost must be evaluated. For many applications both the single and twin-screw extruder will produce the desired homogeneous melt needed to form the product through an extrusion die. Some applications such as dispersive mixing of solids in a polymer matrix are best accomplished in a twin-screw extruder. On the other hand, applications involving chemical reactions, color concentrate distributive mixing, and in line polymer-polymer distributive mixing can be accomplished with either device. However, for the same production rate, twin-screw extruders are generally more expensive than single-screw extruders with a diameter less than 200 mm. Therefore, a thorough understanding is needed for the concepts of solids conveying, melting, and mixing for the two types of extruders to make appropriate process acquisition decisions. This book covers engineering and technology concepts that will aid the practitioner in comparing these two types of extrusion equipment relative to process requirements, and taking optimal decisions.

  • Recycling of Plastics

    • 1st Edition
    • Norbert Niessner
    • English
    Plastics have a very important role to play in energy-efficient and low-carbon technologies of the present and future, but for them to be classified as sustainable materials, there is a great need for practical and economic recycling methods and infrastructure. This book fills the gap for a modern comprehensive technical guide to recycling of plastics, covering the whole value chain from raw materials to recycled materials. All important recycling technologies (mechanical, chemical/feedstock, dissolution) are discussed and compared to each other and alternative disposal methods such as energy recovery and gasification. Collecting, sorting, and purification methods are also covered, as are economic and regulatory aspects. A strong emphasis is placed on data comparability, e.g. by standardized methods in measuring data. Although this is a challenge to implement, comparing data across technologies, regions, and stakeholders along the value chain yields important benefits. Key instruments for such a target are lifecycle assessments (LCAs), which are calculated in a standardized way across the chapters.

  • Injection Mold Design Engineering

    • 3rd Edition
    • David O. Kazmer
    • English
    Injection Mold Design Engineering provides a structured methodology and scientific basis for engineering injection molds. The topics are presented in a top-down manner, beginning with introductory definitions and the big picture before proceeding to layout and detailed design of molds. The book provides very pragmatic analysis with worked examples that can be readily adapted to real-world product design applications. It will help students and practitioners to understand the inner workings of injection molds and encourage them to think outside the box in developing innovative and highly functional mold designs. Injection molding continues to be a core plastics manufacturing process, but now has competition from additive manufacturing for certain applications, and environmental concerns are in the spotlight. The 3rd edition addresses these issues, in particular with a new chapter on mold manufacturing strategy to provide an overview of the most common machining and additive manufacturing processes with cost and time models to guide the manufacturing strategy; updated and simplified break-even cost models to assist in the mold layout design (number of cavities and type of mold) vs. 3D printing; a new section on environmental concerns include mold design for recycled resins; and updates to the International Tolerance standards, and the new technology and simulation sections.

  • Design of Injection Molded Plastic Parts

    • 1st Edition
    • Christoph Jaroschek
    • English
    Design of Injection Molded Plastic Parts creates a new perspective on the design of plastic parts. In many books there is a strong focus on the material, the material properties, and the calculation or dimensioning. What is often not taken into account is that very many plastic components only have to withstand low loads; in very many applications, the focus is on the actual design. This requires a good understanding of the injection molds that must be built to produce the plastic components. Depending on the design of the injection molded component, these molds become more complex and more prone to failure during production. The complex process of manufacturing a plastic part becomes holistically understandable as a link is created between the molder, the mold maker, and the part designer. The focus is on injection molds and therefore on thermoplastics. Everything that is necessary for the design and manufacture of an injection molded component is presented in a simple, extremely practical manner and limited to the essentials. Many descriptive pictures as well as examples based on a demonstration component aid understanding throughout the book.

  • Polymer Testing

    • 3rd Edition
    • Wolfgang Grellmann + 2 more
    • English
    Reliable and meaningful methods of polymer testing are necessary to support the plastics industry, being essential for understanding material and part properties, and evaluating materials for a part design, with important implications for product safety as well as operating conditions and lifetime. Polymer Testing, Third Edition covers all the most important testing methods, from long-established basic techniques to recent developments, including the latest polymer testing standards. Included in the third edition is an all-new chapter on the testing of polymer films, as well as many small updates and corrections throughout the book. This is intended as a textbook for university and college students and teachers for bachelor, diploma, or master courses of material science, material technology, plastic technology, mechanical engineering, process engineering, or chemical engineering. It is also suitable for practitioners, engineers, testing engineers, and quality-assurance staff in the plastics industry.

  • Fundamentals of Fiber Orientation

    Description, Measurement, and Prediction
    • 1st Edition
    • Charles L. Tucker
    • English
    Polymers reinforced with discontinuous fibers have wide-ranging important applications such as in automotive parts and business machines. The flow that occurs during processing of these materials creates a complex but repeatable pattern of fiber orientation, which plays a key role in achieving the desirable mechanical properties these materials can offer. The primary focus of this unique book is fiber orientation: how to describe it mathematically, how to measure it experimentally, and how to predict it using the models used in commercial software. It also covers the description, measurement, and modeling of fiber length, another important variable that can be predicted by commercial software. The connection between fiber orientation and mechanical properties is explained, as is the relationship between fiber orientation and rheological properties in the fluid state. Fundamentals of Fiber Orientation focuses on the models used in current engineering practice, but also discusses a few topics from current research that could transition to engineering practice soon. Aimed at principally practicing engineers, this book teaches readers the fundamentals they need to understand data, set up meaningful simulations, and interpret results. Engineering graduate students who are embarking on research in this area will also find this book to be a valuable resource.

  • Plastics Compounding and Polymer Processing

    • 1st Edition
    • Klemens Kohlgrüber + 2 more
    • English
    Plastics production comprises the main process steps "synthesis (reaction)", "preparation/compoun... at the raw material manufacturer and compounder, and "processing" (shaping into semi-finished or finished products). In this handbook, the central middle step, preparation and compounding, is discussed. The preparation tasks include the removal of components, the incorporation of additives, and the change of particle size. Compounding is the incorporation of additives into a polymer or plastic. The process engineering fundamentals and the specific equipment and machines used are described. The specialist authors impart their knowledge from the fields of research, polymer production, and equipment/machine production with applications in plastics technology.

  • Injection Mold Design Handbook

    • 1st Edition
    • Bruce Catoen
    • English
    An injection mold is the heart of any plastics molding workcell. Understanding the principles of an injection mold design and its importance to a successful plastic part is fundamental to the success of the product. This book helps guide the designer, engineer, project manager, and production manager in making sure that the injection mold to be designed will work as intended. Injection Mold Design Handbook will take the reader through the process of conceptualizing and designing an injection mold that will produce the desired plastic part. Since it all starts with the plastic part, the book will first focus on key features and details of the plastic part which are necessary for good mold design. The design of the main components of an injection mold will be discussed and good design practices will be shared. Finally the process of testing and gaining customer acceptance of the mold for production will be detailed. A comprehensive appendix and detailed drawings will provide the required detail for completing a mold design.

  • Composite Technology

    Prepregs and Monolithic Part Fabrication Technologies
    • 2nd Edition
    • Hauke Lengsfeld + 4 more
    • English
    Prepreg materials are pre-impregnated fibers for the manufacture of composite components, and are widely applied in the wind energy and aerospace industries. The properties of these semi-finished products, the type of processing, and the component design collectively play an important role in the quality and suitability for mass production of a fiber composite component. This book provides a holistic approach, showing the influence and mutual interaction of the parameters involved in the production of fiber composite components. Composite Technology gives an overview of the current state of prepreg technology, generation, and development as well as their variations and trends. It covers the fundamentals of prepreg preparation and starting materials; processing technology and automation; interactions between construction/design and material and between tooling material and composite components/design; testing of prepreg semi-finished products and components; and typical error patterns. New in this second edition is an extension of the coverage to include thermoplastic prepregs (TPPs) and their production, processing, and testing. Further updates on prepreg production and processing are also included.

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