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Elsevier

Elsevier Science

  • Cell Cycle

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 13
    • Michael Whitaker
    • English
    There has been an enormous advance in our understanding of the regulation of the cell division cycle in the last five years. The leap in understanding has centered on the cell cycle control protein p34cdc2 and its congeners and on the cyclins. The most important insight to emerge has been that cell cycle control mechanisms and their participating proteins are very well-conserved through evolution. This has created a spectacular growth in knowledge as data from one organism have been readily applied to another. In this volume, there are sea urchin and frog eggs, as well as mammalian cells and yeast. There is also an illustration of how fruitful the genetic approach can be in other organisms than yeast with a chapter on Aspergillus nidulans. The cell cycle kinase has been well-characterized and has also been well-exposed in numerous proceedings volumes and collections. In this issue of Advances in Molecular Cell Biology, the cell cycle kinase is ever present, but in the early chapters it has a supporting role. Center stage are the regulatory mechanisms that control the kinase. The contribution that the centrosome (the organelle of cell division) makes to cell cycle regulation are described. The part played by calcium and calcium-controlled regulatory proteins is emphasized. The importance of phosphatase as well as kinase activity to cell cycle regulation is stressed. The last words are reserved for the mitotic kinase: the last chapters describe its effects and its regulation in cell-free systems.

  • Data Analysis for Hyphenated Techniques

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 17
    • E.J. Karjalainen + 1 more
    • English
    Based on a concrete set of working MATLAB programs, the book begins with a short program of snippets describing basic principles and proceeds to a complete application program filling a central analytical need: obtaining pure spectra from the observed overlapping spectra, with standard deviations for thesolutions obtained.The strength of the book is the open nature of the programs. All programs can be read, tested and modified by the user. The mathematical principles needed for the proper treatment of experimental data are thoroughly described. The first part of the book describes how data iscollected, converted and prepared for the actual deconvolution. Practical working algorithms such as the Savitzky-Golay smoothing method are emphasized. The reader can see how searches in spectral libraries can be greatly speeded up by proper formulation of the calculation. Basic signal processing is described by illustrative examples.The main part of the book describes the deconvolution of overlapping chromatographic peaks. Principle component analysis is described and used as a useful tool. The main emphasis is a discussion of a deconvolution method, OSCAR (Optimization by Stepwise Constraining of Alternating Regression), developed by the authors. The results can be validated as OSCAR calculates confidence intervals for the spectra and elution curves.For users who do not want to enter the programs by hand a separate CD-ROM is available. It contains the programs and extensive sample data files. The CD-ROM has instructional multimedia showing step by step how the programs are used for the problems in the book. The MATLAB programs and datafiles can be directly run on Windows® and Macintosh® computers having a MATLAB interpreter.

  • Multivariate Analysis of Data in Sensory Science

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 16
    • T. Naes + 1 more
    • English
    The state-of-the-art of multivariate analysis in sensory science is described in this volume. Both methods for aggregated and individual sensory profiles are discussed. Processes and results are presented in such a way that they can be understood not only by statisticians but also by experienced sensory panel leaders and users of sensory analysis.The techniques presented are focused on examples and interpretation rather than on the technical aspects, with an emphasis on new and important methods which are possibly not so well known to scientists in the field. Important features of the book are discussions on the relationship among the methods with a strong accent on the connection between problems and methods. All procedures presented are described in relation to sensory data and not as completely general statistical techniques.Sensory scientists, applied statisticians, chemometricians, those working in consumer science, food scientists and agronomers will find this book of value.

  • Adsorption on New and Modified Inorganic Sorbents

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 99
    • A. Dabrowski + 1 more
    • English
    There has been a lack of authoritative, current information on the structure, investigation and preparation of inorganic sorbents, their numerous applications as well as the adsorption from gaseous and liquid phases on new and chemically modified inorganic solids. This volume deals with the above-mentioned themes and presents 34 up-to-date comprehensive and critical reviews written by well-recognized authorities. The sorbents discussed are primarily mineral ones. Each contribution treats a problem critically by showing its development, presenting documentation on the state-of-the-art and identifying subjects for further research.The book will be of interest to researchers in academic institutes and industrial laboratories engaged in the fields of surface chemistry, inorganic chemistry, adsorption, ion-exchange, catalysis, chromatography and spectroscopy of the surface phenomena, as well as to students attending graduate and postgraduate courses.

  • Catalysts in Petroleum Refining and Petrochemical Industries 1995

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 100
    • M. Absi-Halabi + 3 more
    • English
    Catalysis plays an increasingly critical role in modern petroleum refining and basic petrochemical industries as market demands for and specifications of petroleum and petrochemical products are continuously changing. As we enter the 21st century, new challenges for catalysis science and technology are anticipated in almost every field. Particularly, better utilization of petroleum resources and demands for cleaner transportation fuels are major items. It was against this background that the 2nd International Conference on Catalysts in Petroleum Refining and Petrochemical Industries was organized. The conference was attended by around 300 specialists in the catalysis field from both academia and industry from over 30 countries. It provided a forum for the exchange of ideas between scientists and engineers from the region with their counterparts from industrialized countries.The papers from the conference, which were carefully selected from around 100 submissions, were refereed in terms of scientific and technical content and format in accordance with internationally accepted standards. They comprise a mix of reviews providing an overview of selected areas, original fundamental research results, and industrial experiences.

  • Cytoskeleton

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 12
    • J. Hesketh
    • English
    It is now clear from a wide range of research that cytoplasm is not merely a buffered solution of proteins and enzymes but contains a series of complex filamentous structures. The cytoskeleton is the collective term given to these filaments. There is a considerable amount of data available on the protein composition of the major filament systems (microfilaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments) but we are still comparatively ignorant about the role of the cytoskeleton in cell physiology. However such major cytoplasmic components (actin and tubulin, the monomeric constituents of microfilaments and microtubules, are major cell proteins) must have important roles to play in cell function, and investigations into the functional role of the cytoskeleton currently represent a major area of cell biological research.In recent years rapid advances in molecular biology have begun to influence research on the cytoskeleton. This trend is sure to continue and the techniques of molecular biology and genetics are set to make major contributions to our understanding of the cytoskeleton, as illustrated in this volume by several reviews; the use of transfection techniques by Ben-Ze'ev, the power of Drosophila genetics is described by Fyrberg and the major advances made in the inesin field using molecular approaches as described by Cyr et al. The chapters by Fyrberg and Cyr et al. also illustrate two other areas where major advances in our understanding of the cytoskeleton is occuring; the great array of different motor proteins involved in intracellular movements and the study of the cytoskeleton in developmental biology. Overall, Volume 12 in this series illuminates our increasing knowledge of the important roles of the cytoskeleton in cell function, particularly how it is central to metabolic organization, intracellular transport, interactions with matrix, and nerve function. Our knowledge of the cytoskeleton is now reaching a stage where it is clear that abnormalities in the organization of the cytoskeleton can lead to important clinical manifestations of disease; an example of how such research is now impinging on medical science is presented in the final chapter by Lane on keratin diseases.

  • The Nucleosome

    • 1st Edition
    • A.P. Wolffe
    • English
    This is the first in a series of volumes concerning the properties of the eukaryotic nucleus. Contributions from several of the most active laboratories are brought together to present a focused overview of a selected aspect of nuclear structure and function.

  • Advances in Biophysical Chemistry Volume 5

    • 1st Edition
    • BUSH
    • English
    Advances in Biophysical Chemistry, Volume 5, provides reviews of important topics in physical and structural biochemistry. The volume begins with a review of the chemical reactivity of DNA and its relationship to the dynamic nature of DNA conformation and its dependence on base sequence. The underlying chemistry has become extremely important to many researchers who use a host of chemical "footprinting" techniques to study biologically relevant complexes of DNA. This is followed by separate chapters that cover an innovative application of fluorescence energy transfer to investigate the dynamics of complex glycopeptides; the NMR of cations which bind to DNA, providing a picture of DNA conformation and dynamics which is complementary to that provided by 1H NMR spectroscopy; the use of NMR to study electron transfer reactions between cytochrome c peroxidase and cytochrome c; methods for analysis of data on O2 binding by hemoglobin; and experimental methods for obtaining data on protein association.

  • Advances in Medicinal Chemistry

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 3
    • B.E. Maryanoff + 1 more
    • English
    Volume 3 of Advances in Medicinal Chemistry is comprised of four chapters on diverse aspects of medicinal chemistry. Chapter 1 presents an account of a research program which was started to discover a novel antipsychotic agent with minimal side effects for the treatment, principally, of schizophrenia. Chapter 2 relates an account on the discovery of novel antithrombotic drugs based on the RGD motif through a rational design approach. Chapter 3 presents the medicinal chemistry and preclinical development surrounding sertraline, a very important serotonin reuptake drug for the treatment of endogenous depression. Finally, Chapter 4 gives a summary of a series of boronic acid-based immunosuppressants that operate via inhibition of dipeptidypeptidase IV.

  • Cell Chemistry and Physiology: Part I

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 4
    • Edward Bittar
    • English
    This is the first of a 4-volume module that is an introduction to the study of cell chemistry and physiology. It is not intended to be encyclopedic in nature but rather a general survey of the subject with an emphasis on those topics that are central to an understanding of cell biology and those that are certain to become of increasing importance in the teaching of modern medicine.We have followed what appeared to as to be the logical divisions of the subject beginning with proteins. Allewell and her colleagues stress the point that proteins fold spontaneously to form complex three-dimensional structures and that some of them unfold with the help of proteins called chaperones. Michaelis-Menten kinetics are shown by Nelsestuen to describe the behaviour of enzymes in the test tube. The formalism is particularly useful in the search for agents of therapeutic value, as exemplified by methotrexate. Uptake by mammalian cells of substrates and their metabolic conversions are discussed by van der Vusse and Reneman. However, both Welch and Savageau expound the view that the cell is not simply a bagful of enzymes. The biologist is urged by Savageau to abandon Michaelis-Menten formalism and apply the Power Law. The biologist is also told that the approach to arriving at a theory of metabolic control would have to be one of successive approximations requiring the use of the computer. Information gained from comparative biochemistry is shown by Storey and Brooks to have shed new light on mechanisms of metabolic rate depression and freeze tolerance, and to be applicable to organ transplantation technology. We are reminded that enzyme adaptation is partly the result of the presence of a hydrating shell of vicinal water that stabilises conformation of the enzyme. Vicinal water, according to Drost-Hausen and Singleton, lies adjacent to most solids and protein interfaces. The kinks or breaks observed in the slope of the Arrhenius plot are attributed to structural changes in vicinal water. Regulation of cell volume is shown by Hempling to involve regulation of cell water. It could be that the osmo-receptor or volume detection system is a protein that links the cytoskeleton to specific K and C1 channels. Additionally, it is interesting that aquaporins, which are water channel-forming membrane proteins, are now known to exist in both renal and extra-renal tissues. One of the renal porins is affected by vasopressin. We then pass on to protein synthesis (Rattan) and other important topics including protein glycosylation (Hounsell), methylation (Clarke), ADP-ribosylation (Pearson) and prenylation (Gelb). Among the four types of lipids attached to membrane proteins are the prenyl groups. Ford and Gross in their chapter on lipobiology drive home the point that there is an accumulation of acyl carnitine and lysophospholipids during myocardial infarction.

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