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Elsevier

Elsevier Science

  • Culture Media for Food Microbiology

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 34
    • J.E.L. Corry + 2 more
    • English
    This publication deals in depth with a limited number of culture media used in Food Science laboratories. It is basically divided into two main sections:1) Data on the composition, preparation, mode of use and quality control of various culture media used for the detection of food borne microbes.2) Reviews of several of these media, considering their selectivity and productivity and comparative performance of alternative media.Microbiologist... specializing in food and related areas will find this book particularly useful.

  • Intelligent Sensors

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 3
    • H. Yamasaki
    • English
    Sensors are the front end devices for information acquisition from the natural and/or artificial world. Higher performance of advanced sensing systems is achieved by using various types of machine intelligence. Intelligent sensors are smart devices with signal processing functions shared by distributed machine intelligence.Typical examples of intelligent sensors are the receptors and dedicated signal processing systems of the human sensory systems. The most important job of information processing in the sensory system is to extract necessary information from the receptors signals and transmit the useful information to the brain. This dedicated information processing is carried out in a distributed manner to reduce the work load of the brain. The processing also lightens the load of signal transmission through the neural network, the capacity of which is limited.Although the performance of the receptors in our human sensory system is not always ideal and is frequently inferior to that of man-made sensors, the total performance is usually far superior to those of our technical sensing systems. The weak points of human receptors are masked by the information processing. This processing makes our sensory system adaptable to the environment and optimizes system performance.The basic idea of this book, which contains new computing paradigms, is that the most advanced intelligent sensing system is the human sensory system. Section I reviews the technologies of intelligent sensors and discusses how they developed. Typical approaches for the realization of intelligent sensors emphasizing the architecture of intelligent sensing systems are also described. In section II, fundamental technologies for the fabrication of intelligent sensors and actuators are presented. Integration and micro-miniaturizatio... techniques are emphasized. Section III presents advanced technologies approaching human sensory systems, these technologies are not directly aimed at practical applications, but introduce the readers to the development of engineering models of sensory systems. Technologies of integrated intelligent sensors, which will shortly be in use are introduced in section IV. In section V, examples are given of intelligent sensing systems which are used in industrial installations. Hardware for machine intelligence is not integrated at present, but can soon be implemented in the monolithic integrated structure. Without this machine intelligence, new functions, for example, self diagnosis or defects identification, cannot be realized. This section also demonstrates the potential of intelligent sensors in industry. Section VI introduces two interesting topics which are closely related to intelligent sensing systems. The first one is multisensor fusion. It is expected to be one of the fundamental and powerful technologies for realizing an advanced intelligent sensing systems. The second is visualizing technology of the sensed states for easy comprehension of the dynamic multi-dimensional state. This is useful for intelligent man-machine interfaces.This book will be recognised by readers as a milestone in the rapid progress of intelligent sensors.

  • Membrane Protein Transport

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 2
    • S.S. Rothman
    • English
    This is the second volume in a series on membrane protein transfer. Membrane protein transport underlies the topological disposition of many proteins within cells and it is this disposition that allows for the co-ordination of the central cellular processes, such as metabolism.

  • Immobilized Cells: Basics and Applications

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 11
    • R.M. Buitelaar + 3 more
    • English
    This publication contains full papers of both oral and poster presentations of the symposium "Immobilized Cells: Basics and Applications" that was held in Noordwijkerhout, The Netherlands, 26-29 November 1995. This volume covers recent developments in the field of immobilization e.g.: new support materials, characterization of support materials, kinetic characterizations, dynamic modelling, bioreactor types, scale up and applications are also given. Applications in the field of medicine, fermentation technology, food technology and environmental technology are described. Guidelines for research with immobilized cells. Based on the scientific sessions a strategy of research and methods for characterization of immobilized cells, especially in view of applications are given.The goal was to relate basic research to applications and to extract guidelines for characterization of immobilized cells in view of process design and application from the contributions. The manuscripts presented in these proceedings give an extensive and recent overview of the research and applications of immobilized-cell technology.

  • Applications of LC-MS in Environmental Chemistry

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 59
    • Damià Barceló
    • English
    Looking at the literature available, it is clear that there is a need for a book on LC-MS applications in environmental analysis. This book endeavours to answer the following questions: What interface to use to solve "my detection problem"? Can I obtain enough sensitivity for the confirmation of my compound in real-world environmental samples? Is there enough structural information?The present book aims to provide a critical evaluation of LC-MS in environmental chemistry and it is structured in different areas. Apart from an introductory section with fundamental aspects, application areas using the most relevant interfacing systems (PB, TSP, ES) for the characterization of environmental compounds are included. In this sense, applications are discussed on the characterization of the most relevant compounds of environmental interest such as pesticides, detergents, dyes, polar metabolites, waste streams, organotin compounds and marine toxins with comparison between different interfacing systems. Finally, new methods and strategies in LC-MS, e.g. the use of capillary electrophoresis, MS together with on-line post-column systems in LC-MS are also shown.By the nature of its content and written as it is by experienced practitioners, the book is intended to serve as a practical reference for analytical chemists who need to use LC-MS in environmental studies. Each chapter includes sufficient references to the literature to serve as a valuable starting point and also contains detailed investigations. The broad spectrum of the book and its application to environmental priority compounds makes it unique in many ways.

  • Cell Cycle

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 13
    • Michael Whitaker
    • English
    There has been an enormous advance in our understanding of the regulation of the cell division cycle in the last five years. The leap in understanding has centered on the cell cycle control protein p34cdc2 and its congeners and on the cyclins. The most important insight to emerge has been that cell cycle control mechanisms and their participating proteins are very well-conserved through evolution. This has created a spectacular growth in knowledge as data from one organism have been readily applied to another. In this volume, there are sea urchin and frog eggs, as well as mammalian cells and yeast. There is also an illustration of how fruitful the genetic approach can be in other organisms than yeast with a chapter on Aspergillus nidulans. The cell cycle kinase has been well-characterized and has also been well-exposed in numerous proceedings volumes and collections. In this issue of Advances in Molecular Cell Biology, the cell cycle kinase is ever present, but in the early chapters it has a supporting role. Center stage are the regulatory mechanisms that control the kinase. The contribution that the centrosome (the organelle of cell division) makes to cell cycle regulation are described. The part played by calcium and calcium-controlled regulatory proteins is emphasized. The importance of phosphatase as well as kinase activity to cell cycle regulation is stressed. The last words are reserved for the mitotic kinase: the last chapters describe its effects and its regulation in cell-free systems.

  • Research in Organizational Behavior

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 18
    • English

  • Data Analysis for Hyphenated Techniques

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 17
    • E.J. Karjalainen + 1 more
    • English
    Based on a concrete set of working MATLAB programs, the book begins with a short program of snippets describing basic principles and proceeds to a complete application program filling a central analytical need: obtaining pure spectra from the observed overlapping spectra, with standard deviations for thesolutions obtained.The strength of the book is the open nature of the programs. All programs can be read, tested and modified by the user. The mathematical principles needed for the proper treatment of experimental data are thoroughly described. The first part of the book describes how data iscollected, converted and prepared for the actual deconvolution. Practical working algorithms such as the Savitzky-Golay smoothing method are emphasized. The reader can see how searches in spectral libraries can be greatly speeded up by proper formulation of the calculation. Basic signal processing is described by illustrative examples.The main part of the book describes the deconvolution of overlapping chromatographic peaks. Principle component analysis is described and used as a useful tool. The main emphasis is a discussion of a deconvolution method, OSCAR (Optimization by Stepwise Constraining of Alternating Regression), developed by the authors. The results can be validated as OSCAR calculates confidence intervals for the spectra and elution curves.For users who do not want to enter the programs by hand a separate CD-ROM is available. It contains the programs and extensive sample data files. The CD-ROM has instructional multimedia showing step by step how the programs are used for the problems in the book. The MATLAB programs and datafiles can be directly run on Windows® and Macintosh® computers having a MATLAB interpreter.

  • Multivariate Analysis of Data in Sensory Science

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 16
    • T. Naes + 1 more
    • English
    The state-of-the-art of multivariate analysis in sensory science is described in this volume. Both methods for aggregated and individual sensory profiles are discussed. Processes and results are presented in such a way that they can be understood not only by statisticians but also by experienced sensory panel leaders and users of sensory analysis.The techniques presented are focused on examples and interpretation rather than on the technical aspects, with an emphasis on new and important methods which are possibly not so well known to scientists in the field. Important features of the book are discussions on the relationship among the methods with a strong accent on the connection between problems and methods. All procedures presented are described in relation to sensory data and not as completely general statistical techniques.Sensory scientists, applied statisticians, chemometricians, those working in consumer science, food scientists and agronomers will find this book of value.

  • Catalysts in Petroleum Refining and Petrochemical Industries 1995

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 100
    • M. Absi-Halabi + 3 more
    • English
    Catalysis plays an increasingly critical role in modern petroleum refining and basic petrochemical industries as market demands for and specifications of petroleum and petrochemical products are continuously changing. As we enter the 21st century, new challenges for catalysis science and technology are anticipated in almost every field. Particularly, better utilization of petroleum resources and demands for cleaner transportation fuels are major items. It was against this background that the 2nd International Conference on Catalysts in Petroleum Refining and Petrochemical Industries was organized. The conference was attended by around 300 specialists in the catalysis field from both academia and industry from over 30 countries. It provided a forum for the exchange of ideas between scientists and engineers from the region with their counterparts from industrialized countries.The papers from the conference, which were carefully selected from around 100 submissions, were refereed in terms of scientific and technical content and format in accordance with internationally accepted standards. They comprise a mix of reviews providing an overview of selected areas, original fundamental research results, and industrial experiences.

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