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Elsevier

Elsevier Science

  • The Gulf of Guinea Large Marine Ecosystem

    Environmental Forcing and Sustainable Development of Marine Resources
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 11
    • J.M. McGlade + 3 more
    • English
    The Gulf of Guinea volume is part of a series on the Large Marine Ecosystems. This volume combines the latest research on the Gulf of Guinea from scientists working primarily in the region and from Europe. It covers the dynamics of the oceanic and coastal waters of the region, the major biological resources, pollution in the marine environment and the socio-economics and governance of marine fisheries. A significant number of new data sets, including some which have been repatriated from outside the region, are now made available through this publication.The combination of the various chapters underlines the interlinkages that exist between the interannual and seasonal dynamical behaviour of the oceanic offshore waters and the living marine resources along the coast, and the direct effect they have on the livelihoods of the populations living throughout the Gulf of Guinea.The volume is intended for those who have a general interest in the region as well as those who work professionally in the field. It will also be of immense value to resource managers and policy-makers as a demonstration project on how research can help solve the pressing problems of economic and food security in coastal regions.

  • Modelling in Transport Phenomena

    • 1st Edition
    • Ismail Tosun
    • English
    Modelling in Transport Phenomena: A Conceptual Approach aims to show students how to translate the inventory rate equation into mathematical terms at both the macroscopic and microscopic levels. The emphasis is on obtaining the equation representing a physical phenomenon and its interpretation. The book begins with a discussion of basic concepts and their characteristics. It then explains the terms appearing in the inventory rate equation, including ""rate of input"" and ""rate of output."" The rate of generation in transport of mass, momentum, and energy is also described. Subsequent chapters detail the application of inventory rate equations at the macroscopic and microscopic levels. This book is intended as an undergraduate textbook for an introductory Transport Phenomena course in the junior year. It can also be used in unit operations courses in conjunction with standard textbooks. Although it is written for students majoring in chemical engineering, it can also serve as a reference or supplementary text in environmental, mechanical, petroleum, and civil engineering courses.

  • Continuum Damage Mechanics of Materials and Structures

    • 1st Edition
    • O. Allix + 1 more
    • English
    Created in 1975, LMT-Cachan is a joint laboratory École Normale Superieure de Cachan, Pierre & Marie Curie (Paris 6) University and the French Research Council CNRS (Department of Engineering Sciences).The Year 2000 marked the 25th anniversary of LMT. On this occasion, a series of lectures was organized in Cachan in September-October, 2000. This publication contains peer-reviewed proceedings of these lectures and is aimed to present engineers and scientists with an overview of the latest developments in the field of damage mechanics. The formulation of damage models and their identification procedures were discussed for a variety of materials.

  • Acceleration and Automation of Solid Sample Treatment

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 24
    • J.L. Luque García + 1 more
    • English
    This book aims to provide scientists with information about a series of techniques that can be used with a view to facilitating the transformation of the sample to an appropriate state for subsequent detection or quantitation of its components of interest. The techniques dealt with range from the very simple ones (e.g. freeze-drying) to other more complex ones (e.g. glow discharge and laser-induced breakdown sampling). This is the first compilation ever on the subjects of acceleration of solid sample pretreatment; automation of solid sample pretreatment; and integration of solid sample pretreatment and detection. Readers will find here the information required to compare and select the best choice for each sample treatment need and ways to facilitate or automate the most complex and time-consuming step of the analytical process when solid samples are involved.

  • Influenza

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 7
    • C.W. Potter
    • English
    Since the influenza virus was first isolated in the laboratory some 70 years ago, the disease has been the subject of intense study, and our knowledge has escalated as the newer techniques of medicine and science have made further advances possible. At the present time, our information of the disease and the virus that causes it is probably more detailed than for any other virus infection, perhaps excluding the human immunodeficiency virus. The subject of influenza divides itself into a number of specialities, and such is the pace of research and the depth of our knowledge, that workers in one area may have little understanding of the advances made in others.This volume of Perspectives in Medical Virology has enlisted twelve internationally recognised researchers on specific aspects on the subject of influenza to write a summary of the important developments in the past and offer their views on the problems that remain to be addressed. It is hoped that their emphasis, reservations and projections are of value to future research, and offer directions for a better understanding of the virus, the disease it causes, the production of vaccines and the development of therapeutic agents so that at some date in the future this infection can be brought under control.

  • Soil, Fertilizer, and Plant Silicon Research in Japan

    • 1st Edition
    • Jian Feng Ma + 1 more
    • English
    Silicon (Si) plays a significant role in the resistance of plants to multiple stresses including biotic and abiotic stresses. Silicon is also the only element that does not damage plants when accumulated in excess. However, the contribution of Si to plant growth has been largely ignored due to its universal existence in the earth's crust. From numerous intensive studies on Si, initiated in Japan about 80 years ago, Japanese scientists realized that Si was important for the healthy growth of rice and for stability of rice production. In a worldwide first, silicon was recognized as a valuable fertilizer in Japan. The beneficial effects of Si on rice growth in particular, are largely attributable to the characteristics of a silica gel that is accumulated on the epidermal tissues in rice. These effects are expressed most clearly under high-density cultivation systems with heavy applications of nitrogen. Si is therefore recognized now as an ''agronomically essential element'' in Japan.Recently, Si has become globally important because it generates resistance in many plants to diseases and pests, and may contribute to reduced rates of application of pesticides and fungicides. Silicon is also now considered as an environment-friendly element. The achievements of Si research in Japan are introduced in this book, in relation to soils, fertilizers and plant nutrition.

  • Computational Neuroscience: Trends in Research 2002

    • 1st Edition
    • J.M. Bower
    • English
    This volume includes papers originally presented at the 10th annual Computational Neuroscience Meeting (CNS 01) held in July 2001 at the Conference Center in Monterey, California, USA.The CNS meetings bring together computational neuroscientists representing many different fields and backgrounds as well as many different experimental preparations and theoretical approaches. The papers published here range from pure experimental neurobiology, to neuro-ethology, mathematics, physics, and engineering. In all cases the research described is focused on understanding how nervous systems compute. The actual subjects of the research include a highly diverse number of preparations, modeling approaches and analysis techniques. Accordingly, this volume reflects the breadth and depth of current research in computational neuroscience taking place throughout the world.

  • Boundary and Mixed Lubrication: Science and Applications

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 40
    • G. Dalmaz + 3 more
    • English
    The objective of the 28th Leeds-Lyon Symposium on Tribology was to define current understanding of the science relating to boundary and mixed lubrication and to compare this with the needs of industry in terms of applications.Major advances have been made in recent years in areas such as contact mechanics, wear, elastohydrodynamic lubrication incorporating surface texture, lubricant interactions with surfaces and the experimental interrogation of surface topography, surface films and lubricant film thickness. However, the needs of industry are equally intense with a seemingly relentless drive towards more compact, efficient and durable tribological systems.Boundary and Mixed Lubrication: Science and Applications publishes peer-reviewed papers presented at the 28th Leeds-Lyon Symposium on Tribology. The Keynote address was presented by Professor Koji Kato, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan under the title "Wear of Boundary or Mixed Lubrication Regimes", which set the scene for the meeting with a review of recent scientific developments with a clear focus on the potential for technological and industrial development.

  • Fundamentals and Technology of Combustion

    • 1st Edition
    • F El-Mahallawy + 1 more
    • English
    Fundamentals and Technology of Combustion contains brief descriptions of combustion fundamental processes, followed by an extensive survey of the combustion research technology. It also includes mathematical combustion modeling of the processes covering mainly premixed and diffusion flames, where many chemical and physical processes compete in complex ways, for both laminar and turbulent flows. The combustion chemistry models that validate experimental data for different fuels are sufficiently accurate to allow confident predictions of the flame characteristics. This illustrates a unique bridge between combustion fundamentals and combustion technology, which provides a valuable technical reference for many engineers and scientists. Moreover, the book gives the reader sufficient background of basic engineering sciences such as chemistry, thermodynamics, heat transfer and fluid mechanics. The combustion research and mathematical models fit between small-scale laboratory burner flames, and large-scale industrial boilers, furnaces and combustion chambers. The materials have been collected from previous relevant research and some selected papers of the authors and co-workers, which have been presented mainly in different refereed journals, international conferences and symposia, thus providing a comprehensive collection. Furthermore, the book includes some of the many recent general correlations for the characteristics of laminar, turbulent, premixed and diffusion flames in an easily usable form. The authors believe that further progress in optimizing combustion performance and reducing polluting emissions can only be treated through understanding of combustion chemistry.

  • Three-Dimensional Electromagnetics

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 35
    • P.E. Wannamaker + 1 more
    • English
    "3-D modeling and inversion is a reality, and not an illusion." This is the clear conclusion of the Second International Symposium on Three-Dimensional Electromagnetics held at the University of Utah in 1999. Containing papers submitted by 36 authors, this volume, by the sheer number of works, their diversity, and the truly international character of the efforts attests to the vigor with which the problems of the field are pursued today.The papers in this book are grouped in three parts: 3-D EM modeling; 3-D EM inversion; and 3-D EM in practice. They cover a wide range of topics in forward modeling and inversion based on new fast approximate approaches and new efficient solutions by integral equation, finite difference and finite elements techniques. If the 1980s were the decade of rapid development in 3D seismics, the 1990s became the decade of growing interest of practical geophysicists in 3D EM modeling and inversion methods.The contributions contained in this volume represent a snapshot of today's state-of-the-art in three-dimensional electromagnetics.

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