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Elsevier

Books in Social sciences and humanities

  • Forensic Epidemiology

    Principles and Practice
    • 1st Edition
    • Michael Freeman + 1 more
    • English
    It is an inescapable fact that causation, both generally (in populations), and specifically (in individuals), cannot be observed. Rather, causation is determined when it can be inferred that the risk of an observed injury or disease from a plausible cause is greater than the risk from other plausible causes. While many causal evaluations performed in forensic medicine are simplified by the fact that the circumstances surrounding the onset of an injury or disease clearly rules out competing causes (eg, a death following a fall), there are many cases that present a more complicated picture. It is these types of investigations, in which an analysis of comparative levels of risk from competing causes is needed to arrive at a reliable and accurate determination of the most likely cause, that forensic epidemiology (FE) is directed at.In Forensic Epidemiology, the authors present the legal and scientific theories underlying the methods by which risk is used in the investigation of individual causation. Methods and principles from epidemiology are combined with those from a multitude of other disciplines, including general medicine, pharmacology, forensic pathology, biostatistics, and biomechanics, inter alia, as a basis for investigating the plausibility of injury and disease exposures and mechanisms. The ultimate determination of the probability of causation (PC) results from an assessment of the strength of association of the investigated relationship in the individual, based on a comparison between the risk of disease or injury from the investigated exposure versus the risk of the same disease or injury occurring at the same point in time in the individual, but absent the exposure. The principles and methods described in Forensic Epidemiology will be of interest to those who work and study in the fields of forensic medicine, epidemiology, and the law.

  • Network Performance and Security

    Testing and Analyzing Using Open Source and Low-Cost Tools
    • 1st Edition
    • Chris Chapman
    • English
    Network Performance Security: Testing and Analyzing Using Open Source and Low-Cost Tools gives mid-level IT engineers the practical tips and tricks they need to use the best open source or low cost tools available to harden their IT infrastructure. The book details how to use the tools and how to interpret them. Network Performance Security: Testing and Analyzing Using Open Source and Low-Cost Tools begins with an overview of best practices for testing security and performance across devices and the network. It then shows how to document assets—such as servers, switches, hypervisor hosts, routers, and firewalls—using publicly available tools for network inventory. The book explores security zoning the network, with an emphasis on isolated entry points for various classes of access. It shows how to use open source tools to test network configurations for malware attacks, DDoS, botnet, rootkit and worm attacks, and concludes with tactics on how to prepare and execute a mediation schedule of the who, what, where, when, and how, when an attack hits. Network security is a requirement for any modern IT infrastructure. Using Network Performance Security: Testing and Analyzing Using Open Source and Low-Cost Tools makes the network stronger by using a layered approach of practical advice and good testing practices.

  • The Future of Business

    Global Issues in the 80s and 90s
    • 1st Edition
    • Max Ways
    • English
    The Future of Business: Global Issues in the 80s and 90s examines the future material, social, and intellectual vigor of business in the United States. The opportunities and problems facing business are analyzed, with emphasis on the basic forces and trends—both internal and external to business—that will largely shape it in the coming decades and their implications for society in general. This book is comprised of five chapters and begins with the argument that business corporations must be able to articulate a set of guiding principles that relate their conduct to the whole range of human aspirations, not just to material abundance or economic considerations alone. The next chapter predicts the future of business based on its international condition and its situation as it is affected by other parts of the societies in which it operates. The role played by business, especially multinational corporations, in the post-1945 expansion of international trade—referred to as ""the new imperialism""—is then discussed, along with the importance of business to government and vice versa; the implications for business of the change from fixed-age retirement to flexible-age retirement; and the future of business-government relations. The final chapter explores a number of economic issues, their implications for politics, the imperative of international cooperation, and the role of business in helping to solve them. This monograph will be of interest to businessmen, business leaders, consumers, employees, politicians, and the general public.

  • Windows Registry Forensics

    Advanced Digital Forensic Analysis of the Windows Registry
    • 2nd Edition
    • Harlan Carvey
    • English
    Windows Registry Forensics: Advanced Digital Forensic Analysis of the Windows Registry, Second Edition, provides the most in-depth guide to forensic investigations involving Windows Registry. This book is one-of-a-kind, giving the background of the Registry to help users develop an understanding of the structure of registry hive files, as well as information stored within keys and values that can have a significant impact on forensic investigations. Tools and techniques for post mortem analysis are discussed at length to take users beyond the current use of viewers and into real analysis of data contained in the Registry. This second edition continues a ground-up approach to understanding so that the treasure trove of the Registry can be mined on a regular and continuing basis.

  • The Fortuitous Teacher

    A Guide to Successful One-Shot Library Instruction
    • 1st Edition
    • Sarah Cisse
    • English
    The Fortuitous Teacher: A Guide to Successful One-Shot Library Instruction discusses how librarians have become accidental teachers in the academic university setting. It covers how (if at all) librarians are prepared by MILS programs to teach, compares typical characteristics of teachers versus librarians, and presents tactics on how to learn effective teaching skills on the job. In addition, readers will learn about the history of library instruction, the different types of library instruction, and the dynamics of one-shot library instruction, classroom culture, faculty buy-in, and collaboration.

  • Equity and Justice in Developmental Science: Theoretical and Methodological Issues

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 50
    • English
    The first of two volumes in the Advances in Child Development and Behavior series, Equity and Justice in Developmental Science: Theoretical and Methodological Issues focuses on conceptual issues, definitions, and critical concepts relevant to equity and justice for the developmental sciences. This volume covers critical methodological issues that serve to either challenge or advance our understanding of, and ability to promote, equity and justice in the developmental sciences. Both volumes bring together a growing body of developmental scholarship that addresses how issues relevant to equity and justice (or their opposites) affect development and developmental outcomes, as well as scholarship focused on mitigating the developmental consequences of inequity, inequality, and injustice for young people, families, and communities and ensuring that all young people have opportunities to develop and thrive.

  • A Mathematical Model for Handling in a Warehouse

    The Commonwealth and International Library: Social Administration, Training, Economics and Production Division
    • 1st Edition
    • E. Kay
    • R Brown + 2 more
    • English
    A Mathematical Model for Handling in a Warehouse presents the formulation of a mathematical model for goods handling in a warehouse. This 11-chapter text specifically serves as a guide in decision-making in terms of the capacity, shape, and layout of a warehouse for a variety of available handling equipment under minimized total cost. The first seven chapters cover the overview, purpose, and applicability of the model; the role of stock distributions in movement within the warehouse; the problem of order picking; and the effect of time dependent storage policies on the model. The following chapters outline a formula for building cost and its link to handling effort, followed by a discussion on the use of the model when considering warehouse automation. These chapters also examine the mathematical aspects of the model. The concluding chapter provides some numerical examples to illustrate the use and applicability of the model in a specific warehouse handling condition. Mathematician and researchers in the related subjects of goods handling in a warehouse will find this work invaluable.

  • Implementing Digital Forensic Readiness

    From Reactive to Proactive Process
    • 1st Edition
    • Jason Sachowski
    • English
    Implementing Digital Forensic Readiness: From Reactive to Proactive Process shows information security and digital forensic professionals how to increase operational efficiencies by implementing a pro-active approach to digital forensics throughout their organization. It demonstrates how digital forensics aligns strategically within an organization’s business operations and information security’s program. This book illustrates how the proper collection, preservation, and presentation of digital evidence is essential for reducing potential business impact as a result of digital crimes, disputes, and incidents. It also explains how every stage in the digital evidence lifecycle impacts the integrity of data, and how to properly manage digital evidence throughout the entire investigation. Using a digital forensic readiness approach and preparedness as a business goal, the administrative, technical, and physical elements included throughout this book will enhance the relevance and credibility of digital evidence. Learn how to document the available systems and logs as potential digital evidence sources, how gap analysis can be used where digital evidence is not sufficient, and the importance of monitoring data sources in a timely manner. This book offers standard operating procedures to document how an evidence-based presentation should be made, featuring legal resources for reviewing digital evidence.

  • Symmetry 2

    Unifying Human Understanding
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 18
    • I. Hargittai
    • English
    Symmetry 2 aims to present an overview of the contemporary status of symmetry studies, particularly in the arts and sciences, emphasizing both its role and importance. Symmetry is not only one of the fundamental concepts in science, but is also possibly the best unifying concept between various branches of science, the arts and other human activities. Whereas symmetry has been considered important for centuries primarily for its aesthetic appeal, this century has witnessed a dramatic enhancement of its status as a cornerstone in the sciences. In addition to traditionally symmetry-oriented fields such as crystallography and spectroscopy, the concept has made headway in fields as varied as reaction chemistry, nuclear physics, and the study of the origin of the universe. The book was initiated in response to the success of the first volume, which not only received good reviews, but received the award for "The Best Single Issue of a Journal" by the Association of American Publishers for 1986. The second volume extends the application of symmetry to new fields, such as medical sciences and economics, as well as investigating further certain topics introduced in Symmetry. The book is extensively illustrated and with over 64 contributions from 16 countries presents an international overview of the nature and diversity of symmetry studies today.

  • The Human Eye and the Sun

    Hot and Cold Light
    • 1st Edition
    • S. I. Vavilov
    • English
    The Human Eye and the Sun, ""Hot"" and ""Cold"" Light is a translation from the Russian language and is a reproduction of texts from Volume IV of S.I. Vavilov, president of the U.S.S.R. Academy of Sciences. The book deals with theoretical and practical developments in lighting techniques. The text gives a brief introduction on the relationship of the human eye and the sun, describing the properties of light, of the sun, and of the human eye. The book describes hot (incandescence) and cold light (luminescence) as coming from different sources. These two types of light are compared. The text also discusses the chemical production of light such as that produced when hydrogen peroxide and potassium ferricyanide are added to a solution of triaminophthalic hydrazide with alkali. A blue light will emanate, lasting for hours or days, and more importantly, the temperature of the vessel containing the mixture is relatively low. The book also evaluates the efficiency of the electric bulb in terms of conversion from the source — power producing coal — to line distribution, and actual luminescence. The book expounds on the benefits of a lighting method in the form of fluorescence. It also explains the properties of fluorescence. The book is of interest to students of physics, electronics, and electrical engineering. It can also be appreciated by the general reader with some interest in history and scientific discoveries.

  • The Environment of Human Settlements Human Well-Being in Cities

    Proceedings of the Conference Held in Brussels, Belgium, April 1976
    • 1st Edition
    • P. Laconte + 2 more
    • English
    The Environment of Human Settlements: Human Well-Being in Cities, Volume 1 contains the proceedings of the Conference on the Environment of Human Settlements: Human Well-Being in Cities, held in Brussels, Belgium, in April 1976. The papers focus on the environmental implications of human settlements, with emphasis on the well-being of people living in cities. This volume is comprised of 31 chapters organized around four themes: modern technology for cities of today; decision-making for human well-being in cities (including political, legal and economic considerations); urban and land-use planning; and design as a component in urban policy. Ontario's resource recovery program is described, and interstate highway interchange communities as sites of future settlements are considered. The effects of highway noise in residential communities are also discussed, along with the role of remote sensing in habitat; financial and technical management for human settlements; human settlements as sociotechnical-econo... processes; how to optimize urban density; and quantitative landscape evaluation for open space planning. This book will be of interest to engineers, scientists, and decision-makers concerned with local, national, regional, and global environmental problems related to human settlements.

  • Scientific Research and Social Goals

    Towards a New Development Model
    • 1st Edition
    • Federico Mayor
    • English
    Scientific Research and Social Goals: Towards a New Development Model is designed to contribute to the task of producing a development model, based on human needs, social goals, and the value of research. The book is organized into three sections: concepts and philosophy; methodological approaches; and practicalprograms in different parts of the world. These sections consist of a total of 19 chapters that discuss topics on national policy implications of the basic needs model; scientific progress and the social goals of science; an International Program on research and human needs; and the role of methodology in the research and human needs program. The contribution of research to human needs and an action program on research and human needs are also described.

  • Digital Detectives

    Solving Information Dilemmas in an Online World
    • 1st Edition
    • Crystal Fulton + 1 more
    • English
    Digital Detectives: Solving Information Dilemmas in an Online World helps students become independent and confident digital detectives, giving them the tools and tactics they need to critically scrutinize web-based digital information to ascertain its authenticity, veracity, and authority, and to use the information in a discerning way to successfully complete academic tasks. Enabling students to select and use information appropriately empowers them to function at a higher level of digital information fluency, acting as discerning consumers of, and effective contributors to, web-based information.

  • Building a Corporate Culture of Security

    Strategies for Strengthening Organizational Resiliency
    • 1st Edition
    • John Sullivant
    • English
    Building a Corporate Culture of Security: Strategies for Strengthening Organizational Resiliency provides readers with the proven strategies, methods, and techniques they need to present ideas and a sound business case for improving or enhancing security resilience to senior management. Presented from the viewpoint of a leading expert in the field, the book offers proven and integrated strategies that convert threats, hazards, risks, and vulnerabilities into actionable security solutions, thus enhancing organizational resiliency in ways that executive management will accept. The book delivers a much-needed look into why some corporate security practices programs work and others don’t. Offering the tools necessary for anyone in the organization charged with security operations, Building a Corporate Culture of Security provides practical and useful guidance on handling security issues corporate executives hesitate to address until it’s too late.

  • Biomass Supply Chains for Bioenergy and Biorefining

    • 1st Edition
    • Jens Bo Holm-Nielsen + 1 more
    • English
    Biomass Supply Chains for Bioenergy and Biorefining highlights the emergence of energy generation through the use of biomass and the ways it is becoming more widely used. The supply chains that produce the feedstocks, harvest, transport, store, and prepare them for combustion or refinement into other forms of fuel are long and complex, often differing from feedstock to feedstock. Biomass Supply Chains for Bioenergy and Biorefining considers every aspect of these supply chains, including their design, management, socioeconomic, and environmental impacts. The first part of the book introduces supply chains, biomass feedstocks, and their analysis, while the second part looks at the harvesting, handling, storage, and transportation of biomass. The third part studies the modeling of supply chains and their management, with the final section discussing, in minute detail, the supply chains involved in the production and usage of individual feedstocks, such as wood and sugar starches, oil crops, industrial biomass wastes, and municipal sewage stocks.

  • Disasters and Public Health

    Planning and Response
    • 2nd Edition
    • Bruce W. Clements + 1 more
    • English
    Disasters and Public Health: Planning and Response, Second Edition, examines the critical intersection between emergency management and public health. It provides a succinct overview of the actions that may be taken before, during, and after a major public health emergency or disaster to reduce morbidity and mortality. Five all-new chapters at the beginning of the book describe how policy and law drive program structures and strategies leading to the establishment and maintenance of preparedness capabilities. New topics covered in this edition include disaster behavioral health, which is often the most expensive and longest-term recovery challenge in a public health emergency, and community resilience, a valuable resource upon which most emergency programs and responses depend. The balance of the book provides an in-depth review of preparedness, response, and recovery challenges for 15 public health threats. These chapters also provide lessons learned from responses to each threat, giving users a well-rounded introduction to public health preparedness and response that is rooted in experience and practice.

  • Quality and the Academic Library

    Reviewing, Assessing and Enhancing Service Provision
    • 1st Edition
    • Jeremy Atkinson
    • English
    Quality and the Academic Library: Reviewing, Assessing and Enhancing Service Provision provides an in-depth review and analysis of quality management and service quality in academic libraries. All aspects of quality are considered in the book, including quality assessment, quality review, and quality enhancement. An overview of quality management and service quality concepts, principles, and methods leads to a detailed consideration of how they have been applied in universities and their libraries. A case study approach is used with different perspectives provided from the different stakeholders involved in the quality processes. All contributors adopt a critical reflection approach, reflecting on the implications, impact, and significance of the activities undertaken and the conclusions that can be drawn for future developments. The book concludes with an overall reflection on quality management and service quality in academic libraries with a final analysis of priorities for the future.

  • Biosecurity and Bioterrorism

    Containing and Preventing Biological Threats
    • 2nd Edition
    • Jeffrey Ryan
    • English
    Biosecurity and Bioterrorism, Second Edition, takes a holistic approach to biosecurity, with coverage of pathogens, prevention, and response methodology. It addresses these hazards in the context of vulnerability assessments and the planning strategies government and industry can use to prepare for and respond to such events. The book is organized into four thematic sections: Part I provides a conceptual understanding of biowarfare, bioterrorism and the laws we have to counteract this; Part II investigates known bioagents and the threat from emerging diseases; Part III focuses on agricultural terrorism and food security; and Part IV outlines international, US, and local initiatives for biodefense and biosecurity. Case studies illustrate biodefense against both intentional terrorism and natural outbreaks.

  • Alzheimer's Disease

    Life Course Perspectives on Risk Reduction
    • 1st Edition
    • Amy Borenstein + 1 more
    • English
    Alzheimer's Disease: Lifecourse Perspectives on Risk Reduction summarizes the growing body of knowledge on the distribution and causes of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in human populations, providing the reader with knowledge on how we define the disease and what its risk and protective factors are in the context of a life-course approach. At the conclusion of the book, the reader will understand why Alzheimer’s disease likely begins at conception, then progresses through early-life and adult risk factors that ultimately impact the balance between pathologic insults in the brain and the ability of the brain to modify disease symptoms. In contrast to edited volumes that may have little cohesion, this book focuses on an integrated life-course approach to the epidemiology of dementia, in particular, Alzheimer’s disease.

  • Measurements and Time Reversal in Objective Quantum Theory

    International Series in Natural Philosophy
    • 1st Edition
    • F. J. Belinfante
    • D. Ter Haar
    • English
    Measurements and Time Reversal in Objective Quantum Theory is a three-chapter book that begins with a discussion on the fundamentals of conventional quantum theory. The second chapter focuses on the time arrow of quantum theory. It specifically presents a schematized account of the results of an interesting paper on time reversal in quantum theory published by Aharonov, Bergmann, and Lebowitz. The last chapter presents the authors' conclusions and additional comments in this field. This book will be valuable to students of wave mechanics and will serve as a supplement to textbooks, which fail to present an appropriate discussion of these matters.

  • Practical Airport Operations, Safety, and Emergency Management

    Protocols for Today and the Future
    • 1st Edition
    • Jeffrey C. Price + 1 more
    • English
    Practical Airport Operations, Safety, and Emergency Management: Protocols for Today and the Future focuses on the airport itself, not the aircraft, manufacturers, designers, or even the pilots. The book explores the safety of what's been called ‘the most expensive piece of pavement in any city’— the facility that operates, maintains, and ensures the safety of millions of air passengers every year. The book is organized into three helpful sections, each focusing on one of the sectors described in the title. Section One: Airport Safety, explores the airport environment, then delves into safety management systems. Section Two: Airport Operations, continues the conversation on safety management systems before outlining airside and landside operations in depth, while Section Three: Airport Emergency Management, is a careful, detailed exploration of the topic, ending with a chapter on the operational challenges airport operations managers can expect to face in the future. Written by trusted experts in the field, users will find this book to be a vital resource that provides airport operations managers and students with the information, protocols, and strategies they need to meet the unique challenges associated with running an airport.

  • Health Information Exchange: Navigating and Managing a Network of Health Information Systems

    • 1st Edition
    • Brian Dixon
    • English
    Health Information Exchange (HIE): Navigating and Managing a Network of Health Information Systems allows health professionals to appropriately access, and securely share, patients’ vital medical information electronically, thus improving the speed, quality, safety, and cost of patient care. The book presents foundational knowledge on HIE, covering the broad areas of technology, governance, and policy, providing a concise, yet in-depth, look at HIE that can be used as a teaching tool for universities, healthcare organizations with a training component, certification institutions, and as a tool for self-study for independent learners who want to know more about HIE when studying for certification exams. In addition, it not only provides coverage of the technical, policy, and organizational aspects of HIE, but also touches on HIE as a growing profession. In Part One, the book defines HIE, describing it as an emerging profession within HIT/Informatics. In Part Two, the book provides key information on the policy and governance of HIE, including stakeholder engagement, strategic planning, sustainability, etc. Part Three focuses on the technology behind HIE, defining and describing master person indexes, information infrastructure, interfacing, and messaging, etc. In Part Four, the authors discuss the value of HIE, and how to create and measure it. Finally, in Part Five, the book provides perspectives on the future of HIE, including emerging trends, unresolved challenges, etc.

  • Virtual Business Models

    Entrepreneurial Risks and Rewards
    • 1st Edition
    • Karin Bryder + 2 more
    • English
    Virtual Business Models: Entrepreneurial Risks and Rewards focuses on companies with technology development, offering inspiration, guidance, and hands-on advice on how to utilize the potential of a virtual company format. The book provides an overview of key aspects of the company's activities, putting them into a comprehensive structure. In addition, both the rewards and risks of using the virtual company format are explored. The virtual company format is here defined as a company with a small dedicated core staff. The company's development is performed by strategic alliances with external resource providers. In this way, the utilization of financial resources can be optimized with cost-effective product development. The book explores this concept and why it is attractive in a start-up phase for both companies who want to remain virtual and those that eventually want to develop into integrated traditional companies.

  • Forensic Fingerprints

    • 1st Edition
    • Max M. Houck
    • English
    Forensic Fingerprints, the latest in the Advanced Forensic Science Series which grew out of the recommendations from the 2009 NAS Report: Strengthening Forensic Science: A Path Forward, serves as a graduate level text for those studying and teaching fingerprint detection and analysis, and will also prove to be an excellent reference for forensic practitioner libraries and for use in casework. Coverage includes fingerprint science, friction ridge print examination, AFIS, foot and palm prints, and the professional issues practitioners may encounter. Edited by a world-renowned leading forensic expert, this book is a long overdue solution for the forensic science community.

  • Blinding as a Solution to Bias

    Strengthening Biomedical Science, Forensic Science, and Law
    • 1st Edition
    • Christopher T Robertson + 1 more
    • English
    What information should jurors have during court proceedings to render a just decision? Should politicians know who is donating money to their campaigns? Will scientists draw biased conclusions about drug efficacy when they know more about the patient or study population? The potential for bias in decision-making by physicians, lawyers, politicians, and scientists has been recognized for hundreds of years and drawn attention from media and scholars seeking to understand the role that conflicts of interests and other psychological processes play. However, commonly proposed solutions to biased decision-making, such as transparency (disclosing conflicts) or exclusion (avoiding conflicts) do not directly solve the underlying problem of bias and may have unintended consequences. Robertson and Kesselheim bring together a renowned group of interdisciplinary scholars to consider another way to reduce the risk of biased decision-making: blinding. What are the advantages and limitations of blinding? How can we quantify the biases in unblinded research? Can we develop new ways to blind decision-makers? What are the ethical problems with withholding information from decision-makers in the course of blinding? How can blinding be adapted to legal and scientific procedures and in institutions not previously open to this approach? Fundamentally, these sorts of questions—about who needs to know what—open new doors of inquiry for the design of scientific research studies, regulatory institutions, and courts. The volume surveys the theory, practice, and future of blinding, drawing upon leading authors with a diverse range of methodologies and areas of expertise, including forensic sciences, medicine, law, philosophy, economics, psychology, sociology, and statistics.

  • Ensuring National Biosecurity

    Institutional Biosafety Committees
    • 1st Edition
    • Carole R Baskin + 1 more
    • English
    Ensuring National Biosecurity: Institutional Biosafety Committees reviews the various responsibilities and associated challenges Institutional Biosafety Committees (IBCs) face and proposes changes that may help improve this system and increase national biosecurity and worker safety. In recent years IBCs in academic and other institutions have been tasked with increasing levels of responsibility, overseeing work with recombinant genetic material and hazardous agents. IBC members often lack the training to effectively ensure that the work performed is truly safe for scientists and the general community, and so increasingly rely upon the expertise of the researchers themselves. With the proposed US dual-use research policies soon to be implemented, this strain may increase. This book provides readers with the necessary information to be able to enhance national biosecurity within the US, EU, Australia, New Zealand, Japan and more. Ensuring National Biosecurity is as an invaluable reference for biosafety professionals or for researchers who need to understand the regulatory landscape that impacts their research.

  • The Search for Sanity

    The Commonwealth and International Library
    • 1st Edition
    • S. Leff + 1 more
    • Robert Robinson + 1 more
    • English
    The Search for Sanity provides a comprehensive discussion of the issue of mental illness. The book begins by addressing the question of whether society is sick. This is followed by separate chapters on the social aspects of mental health; the problems caused by sex such as prostitution, sexually transmitted disease, and illegitimate births; how the quest for power can destroy people; and ways people try to escape from reality, including drug use and alcohol consumption. Subsequent chapters cover the treatment for mental illness, how treatment helps, hospital care, and ways the community can help. The final chapter deals with the promotion of mental health and prevention of mental illness.

  • Productivity and U.S. Economic Growth

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 169
    • Dale Jorgenson + 2 more
    • English
    Between 1948 and 1979, economic activity in the United States increased almost twice as much as over the entire preceding course of American history. The traditional explanation of this remarkable development emphasizes productivity growth. In the most sophisticated study to date of the factors currently affecting economic growth, the authors of this book show that capital formation is far more important, with the growth of labor resources and productivity a distant second. Their conclusions rest on a far more detailed empirical base than any ever assembled in studies of economic growth. For example, the authors distinguish among 81,600 types of labor input – broken down by age, sex, education, occupation, and industry of employment. Similarly, they disaggregate capital by industry, class of asset, and tax treatment. Their analysis of economic growth is from the ``bottom up'' rather than the ``top down'' approach used in earlier work. The new findings imply that efforts to revive U.S. economic growth must focus on increased supplies of capital and labor inputs. This is the key to more rapid growth and international competition.One of the most important features of the book is the way in which it successfully integrates the theory of producer behavior with the indexing and measurement of production growth. The authors present startling new findings showing that less than one-fourth of overall growth is attributable to advances in productivity.

  • The International Monetary System

    An Essay in Interpretation
    • 1st Edition
    • E. Hoffmeyer
    • English
    This book interprets the historical evolution of how and why the international monetary system has been transformed. The strategies of the major decision-makers are defined and described, and an analysis made of how these strategies were adapted. The structure of the analysis differs from other such contributions, in that it does not concentrate on the way in which disturbances have developed, but rather on describing the pattern of reaction of policy makers to disturbances, and in particular on the political element in the decisions. This structure of analysis makes relevance criteria somewhat different from most academic literature on the international monetary system. A substantial amount of evidence is presented that has hitherto been largely neglected by experts; for example the sterling support schemes, the gold pool transactions, the use of the swap network, Schiller's preparation of the German block floating, the intervention pattern among key currencies, and the views arising from the minutes of the Federal Open Market Committee.In order to facilitate comparison with other presentations careful documentation is provided of the points made. Apart from the literature referred to in the Bibliography, all material used - comprising documents, memoranda, publications and communiqués - has been organized in a computer index containing about 500 entries. Background material covered by one or more of these entries is available to the interested reader.

  • The Political Economy of Social Security

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 179
    • B.A. Gustafsson + 1 more
    • English
    In many western countries with slow economic growth and population growth the increasing cost of the social security system is a concern. The contributions in this volume address this issue from various angles, theoretically as well as empirically and also taking into account institutional conditions.This book discusses current social security policy issues and related research from a number of western countries. Papers include the following subjects: - Recent policy changes in the UK and the Federal Public of Germany - Distributional effects of social security - Public choice models of social security - Economic incentive effects of unemployment insurance and occupational pensions - The macroeconomic effects of the growth of benefits and their financing

  • Science of Mind

    The Quest for Psychological Reality
    • 1st Edition
    • Bozzano G Luisa
    • English
    This book explains the social factors that shape the nature of theory and research traditions in psychology. It presents a broad treatment of the construction of theory and knowledge in science and philosophy with particular emphasis on psychological thinking. Du Preez, emphasizing the "evolution of knowledge," discusses theory and research across behaviorism, psychoanalysis, phenomenology, cognitive psychology, and many other psychological areas, placing them in their socio-philosophical contexts.

  • Subsistence and Survival

    Rural Ecology in the Pacific
    • 1st Edition
    • Timothy P. Bayliss-Smith
    • English
    Subsistence and Survival: Rural Ecology in the Pacific covers the ecology of man's environment, man's use and perception of biological resources, and the physiology and health of the human organism itself. The geographical range of this text extends from the glaciated uplands of Papua New Guinea, through the montane forests and grasslands of the Highlands, into the coastal jungles, and across to the smaller islands and atolls of the South West Pacific. This book is organized into five parts encompassing 14 chapters. The first part deals with the theory and applications of human ecology. The next part considers first the International Biological Program in New Guinea concerning the link between human ecology and biomedical research. This part also explores the nutritional adaptation among the Enga and in Melanesia, and then introduces the principles of environmental health engineering as human ecology. The subsequent two parts highlight the impact of human activities on the environment, with an emphasis on the association between environmental exploitation and human subsistence. The final part discusses the relevance of self-subsistence communities for world ecosystem management. This book will be of great value to anthropologists, geographers, human biologists, nutritionists, botanists, and public health engineers.

  • Studies in Dyadic Communication

    • 1st Edition
    • A. W. Siegman + 1 more
    • English
    Pergamon General Psychology Series: Studies in Dyadic Communication focuses on the mechanics, principles, methodologies, and approaches involved in dyadic communication. The selection first elaborates on experimental manipulations of interviewer variables; interview structure and interviewer style in initial interviews; and effects of ambiguity and anxiety on interviewee verbal behavior. Discussions focus on the effects of anxiety on interviewee verbal behavior, previous findings on ambiguity and productivity, influence in psychotherapy, patient reactions to interviewer style, and interview and therapy dyads. The text then takes a look at relationship and verbal behavior in the initial interview and temporal patterns of dialogue. The book ponders on interview synchrony, body movement-speech rhythm relationship as a cue to speech encoding, and analysis of movement behavior during clinical interview. Topics include communicative intent with body-focused movements, object- body-focused dichotomy as an intent to communicate, analysis of body-focused movements, movement and speech rhythm, and movement and speech output. The selection is a valuable reference for researchers interested in dyadic communication.

  • Simulation-Gaming: On the Improvement of Competence in Dealing with Complexity, Uncertainty and Value Conflicts

    Proceedings of the International Simulation and Gaming Association's 19th International Conference, Utrecht University, Netherlands, 16-19 August 1988
    • 1st Edition
    • J.H.G. Klabbers + 3 more
    • English
    This volume records the Proceedings of the International Simulation and Gaming Association's 19th International Conference which took place at Utrecht University in 1988. Seven sections are contained in the volume. The first section on complexity, uncertainty and conflict deals with theoretical and methodological issues. This is the introduction to the conference theme "On the improvement of competence". The following sections cover broad areas: organizational change, business simulation, policy exercise, methodology, learning environments, and special topics such as environmental planning, health care, diplomatic games and gambling.

  • Psychology in and out of Court

    A Critical Examination of Legal Psychology
    • 1st Edition
    • M. King
    • English
    This book is a critical study of the work of legal psychologists, particularly in the United States, and the assumptions upon which the work is based. It rejects an experimentalist model of legal psychology and claims that the use of such a model is not scientific and therefore superior to other ways of analysing the legal system. It proposes ultimately an approach based upon the interpretive nature of human social experience and its effects upon behavior.

  • Stress and Distress in Response to Psychosocial Stimuli

    Laboratory and Real-Life Studies on Sympatho-Adrenomedullary and Related Reactions
    • 1st Edition
    • Lennart Levi
    • English
    Stress and Distress in Response to Psychosocial Stimuli is a book based on a study spanning over four years about the different psychosocial stimuli and the body's different reactions towards them, especially stress and disease. The book includes a short introduction to psychosocial stimuli and its physiological mechanisms, psychophysiological reactions; psychosomatic research; and psychosocially mediated disease and its hypotheses. Also covered are the study's methodological considerations; sympathoadrenomedull... responses to pleasant and unpleasant pyschosocial stimuli; sympathoadrenomedull... activity; the effects of work conditions; the emotional reactions during visual stimulation; stressor-induced changes to plasma lipids; and the psychological and physiological reactions and psychomotor performance during prolonged and complex stressor exposure. The text is recommended for psychologists and medical doctors, especially those who wish to study further about psychosocial stimuli and what it can do to the human body.

  • The Psychology of Efficient Thinking

    • 1st Edition
    • Zbigniew PietrasiÅ„ski
    • English
    The Psychology of Efficient Thinking provides information concerning intellectual abilities and psychological principles of thinking that might be helpful in the solution of more complex problems encountered in the vocational field or in daily living. This book explores the ways and means of increasing the efficiency of thought. Organized into three parts encompassing six chapters, this book begins with an overview of the nature of intellect with special reference to intelligence and mental abilities. This text then examines the general field of mental development. Other chapters consider the application of intellect in such spheres as technical invention, problem solving, and general creativity. This book discusses as well the training of intellect, both by individual effort and at school. The final chapter deals with the continuous engagement in activities requiring thought, which is an essential condition for the improvement of intellectual skill. Psychologists, scientists, and teachers will find this book useful.

  • Psychology for Psychiatrists

    • 1st Edition
    • C. G. Costello
    • Hugh L. Freeman
    • English
    Psychology for Psychiatrists covers the aspects of psychology that would be of interest and value to the psychiatrist. This book is composed of 19 chapters, and begins with discussions on the basic research concepts of descriptive statistics, reliability and validity, and drugs research design. The succeeding chapters consider the problems in clinical psychology, including test of thought disorder, organicity, projective techniques, and questionnaires and rating scales. These tests will enable the psychiatrist to better evaluate the received information from clinical psychologists. Other chapters describe the methods and concepts that the clinical psychiatrist may find immediate value in the work. The concluding chapters explore the areas of study that are probably of primary interest to the research psychiatrist and to which they have also contributed. These areas include sleep, hypnosis, and sensory and emotional deprivation. This book is of value to psychologist, and research and clinical psychiatrists.

  • Schooling in the Pacific Islands

    Colonies in Transition
    • 1st Edition
    • R. Murray Thomas + 1 more
    • English
    Schooling in the Pacific Islands: Colonies in Transition is the third book in a three-volume series describing education in selected countries of Oceania and the Asian regions bordering the Pacific. Organized into 10 chapters, this book begins with a general outlook on the colonization and schooling in Oceania. Subsequent chapters detail Oceania schools' social and historical backgrounds, the goals of education, the structure and size of the schooling enterprise, administration and finance, curriculum development, the supply of educational personnel, and problems and prospects for the future. Individual island countries covered include Papua New Guinea, Micronesia, New Caledonia and the Society Islands, Vanuatu, Fiji, American Samoa and Western Samoa, Tonga, and The Cook Islands.

  • Computer-Assisted and Web-Based Innovations in Psychology, Special Education, and Health

    • 1st Edition
    • James K. Luiselli + 1 more
    • English
    Computer-Assisted and Web-Based Innovations in Psychology, Special Education, and Health examines the rapid evolution of technology among educational, behavioral healthcare, and human services professionals from a multidisciplinary perspective. Section I of the book focuses on Technology for Monitoring, Assessment, and Evaluation, featuring chapters about behavioral, affective, and physiological monitoring, actigraphy measurement of exercise and physical activity, technological applications for individuals with learning disabilities/ADHD, and data analysis and graphing. In Section II, Technology for Intervention, the chapters address telehealth technologies for evidence-based psychotherapy, virtual reality therapy, substance use and addictions, and video modeling. The emphasis of Section III is Technology for Special Education, with chapters on computer-based instruction, alternative and augmentative communication, and assistive technologies. Finally, Section IV considers Technology for Training, Supervision, and Practice, specifically web-sourced training and supervision, legal, regulatory, and ethical issues with telehealth modalities, and emerging systems for clinical practice. Computer-Assisted and Web-Based Innovations is a primary resource for educating students, advising professionals about recommended practices, accelerating procedural innovations, and directing research.

  • A Classification System to Describe Workpieces

    Definitions
    • 1st Edition
    • W. R. Macconnell
    • English
    A Classification System to Describe Workpieces provides information pertinent to the fundamental aspects and principles of coding. This book discusses the various applications of the classification system of coding. Organized into three chapters, this book begins with an overview of the requirements of a system of classification pertaining adequately and equally to design, production, and work planning. This text then examines the purpose of the classification system in production to determine the most suitable means of machining a component. Other chapters consider the optimal utilization of machines, which comes within the scope of production control. This book discusses as well the rotational components that are separated into segments after rotational machining are rotational components with deviations. The final chapter deals with rotational components with cast, forged, or welded stiffening or with recesses not affecting the function of the components. This book is a valuable resource for engineers involved in machine tool industries.

  • A New Morality from Science

    Beyondism
    • 1st Edition
    • Arnold P. Goldstein
    • English
    Pergamon General Psychology Series: A New Morality from Science: Beyondism focuses on the role of science in establishing ethical values. The publication first elaborates on three gateways to the understanding of life, origins of uncertainty and confusion, and basic logic of beyondism. Discussions focus on moral laws within groups and the fallacy of universalization; planned bio-cultural diversity of groups in the great experiment; absence of institutional mechanisms specifically to create progress; social construction without positive value construction; and humanity and the ever-open gateway of religion. The manuscript then examines moral directives derivable from the beyondist goal and psychological problems in human adjustment to the new ethics. The book takes a look at the departure of beyondism from traditional and current ethical systems; impact of evolutionary values on current socio-political practices; and integration of the emotional life with progressive institutions. Topics include mutual services of beyondism and the arts, setting of the research institutes for the world federation and free enquirers, community goals in population size, class, and internal diversity, and the reconstruction needed for a scientifically rational politics. The manuscript is a dependable reference for researchers interested in the role of science in establishing ethical values.

  • Community Financing of Education

    Issues & Policy Implications in Less Developed Countries
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 5
    • M. Bray + 1 more
    • English
    This volume discusses the issues relating to community support for education, a topic which has come increasingly to the fore in recent years, especially in the Third World. The book is divided into four main areas: Firstly, an initial explanation of the conceptual framework of the book is given. Secondly, the issues surrounding community financing of education are explored, including community bodies engaged in fund-raising, generating resources, school fees, geographic and social inequalities and central guidance and control. The third section discusses case studies from seven countries, and finally the policy implications of this study are assessed.

  • History of Analytical Chemistry

    International Series of Monographs in Analytical Chemistry
    • 1st Edition
    • Ferenc Szabadváry
    • R. Belcher + 1 more
    • English
    History of Analytical Chemistry is a systematic account of the historical development of analytical chemistry spanning about 4,000 years. Many scientists who have helped to develop the methods of analytical chemistry are mentioned. Various methods of analysis are discussed, including electrogravimetry, optical methods, electrometric analysis, radiochemical analysis, and chromatography. This volume is comprised of 14 chapters and begins with an overview of analytical chemistry in ancient Greece, the origin of chemistry, and the earliest knowledge of analysis. The next chapter focuses on analytical chemistry during the Middle Ages, with emphasis on alchemy. Analytical knowledge during the period of iatrochemistry and the development of analytical chemistry during the phlogiston period are then examined. Subsequent chapters deal with the development of the fundamental laws of chemistry, including the principle of the indestructibility of matter; analytical chemistry during the period of Berzelius; and developments in qualitative and gravimetric analysis. Elementary organic analysis is also considered, along with the development of the theory of analytical chemistry. This book will be helpful to chemists as well as students and researchers in the field of analytical chemistry.

  • Ocean Circulation

    Prepared by an Open University Course Team
    • 1st Edition
    • Joan Brown
    • English
    The first two chapters outline the causes of circulation patterns in the atmosphere and oceans, emphasizing the interactions between them. Chapter 3 deals with the surface circulation (including mesoscale eddies), using a minimum of mathematics. Chapter 4 reviews the history of ideas about ocean circulation (with special reference to the North Atlantic gyre), and Chapter 5 describes the major current systems at high and low latitudes. The final Chapter returns to the theme of ocean-atmosphere interaction, especially the global transport of heat and freshwater, and the formation of sub-surface water masses.

  • Models of Urban & Regional Systems in Developing Countries

    Some Theories and Their Application in Physical Planning
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 36
    • George Chadwick
    • English
    This work is concerned with the understanding of the structure and behaviour of urban and regional systems in developing countries. Professor Chadwick considers not only how such systems change, but also how they might be changed by some form of manipulation. Both these purposes necessarily involve the activity of modelling the systems concerned. This study has been enriched by the author's own experience in Bahrain, Hong Kong, Korea and Saudi Arabia.

  • Margins for Survival

    Overcoming Political Limits in Steering Technology
    • 1st Edition
    • Edward Wenk
    • English
    Margins for Survival: Overcoming Political Limits in Steering Technology examines the political limits as revealed by institutional behavior in the deliberate act of steering technology to produce socially satisfactory outcomes. This book provides an awareness of the predicaments toward which technology-intensive public policy must be generated and tuned. Organized into 11 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the common features of war, poverty, social injustice, ecological instability, and dehumanization. This text then examines the peril of brutality through psychological–emotio... threats of deprivation of basic human rights, dignity, and freedom. Other chapters consider the deprivation individual opportunity for equanimity and self-expression and deprivation of equitable access to resources. This book discusses as well the various step of progress toward risk reduction that involves techniques of social machinery. The final chapter deals with the meaning of life with freedom, dignity, and self-esteem. This book is a valuable resource for political leaders.

  • Cross-National Comparative Survey Research

    Theory and Practice
    • 1st Edition
    • Alexander Szalai + 2 more
    • English
    Cross-National Comparative Survey Research: Theory and Practice contains the proceedings of the Roundtable Conference on Cross-National Comparative Survey Research held in Budapest, Hungary, on July 25-29, 1972. The papers focus on the theory and practice of cross-national comparative survey research. The organization and execution of cross-national survey research products are discussed, along with analysis and interpretation in cross-national survey research and the role of theory in the research process. This book is comprised of 12 chapters and begins with a discussion on the strategy of cross-national survey research for the development of social theory. The objectives and implications of cross-national surveys are also considered. Subsequent chapters explore cross-national comparative survey research in areas such as juvenile delinquency and development; time-budget and industrialization; and values in politics. The process of cross-national survey research is outlined, together with analysis and inference in such studies and the role of theory in the research process. The final chapter looks at ways of extending the global reach of survey research. This monograph will be of interest to social scientists, sociologists, and social science researchers.

  • 50 Specialty Libraries of New York City

    From Botany to Magic
    • 1st Edition
    • Terry Ballard
    • English
    Everyone knows that New York maintains one of the great library systems in the world - the two lions that guard the 42nd street library among the most important icons in the city. Less well known are a host of specialty libraries that have grown up around the rich intellectual and cultural life of New York City. There are a number of libraries that serve genealogical researchers, but also libraries catering to Spanish, German, French and Russian speakers. There is a library of books about dogs and one that is based on the work of Carl Jung. A library in Staten Island checks out tools to homeowners rebuilding after Hurricane Sandy. Fifty Specialty Libraries of New York City will be a tour of highly specialized but publicly accessible libraries in Manhattan and the Outer Boroughs. In each case, access is described, and an interview with the director or supervisor is presented. This book is a unique information source for all those librarians and researchers interested in the rich cultural heritage of New York’s libraries.

  • Posture and Gesture

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 16
    • P. E. Bull
    • Michael Argyle
    • English
    This volume presents the results of a series of studies carried out by the author focusing on the role of posture and gesture in interpersonal communication. The first section of the book sets these studies in the general context of non-verbal communication research; in addition, previous research on posture and gesture is reviewed in order to highlight the particular issues which were chosen as the focus of research reported here. In Part II, six experiments are presented concerning the extent to which posture communicates information about listener emotions and attitudes. The seven studies reported in Part III are concerned with the relationship between posture, gesture and speech. The final section summarizes the main findings from the studies presented in this volume, discussing their theoretical and practical significance and considering their implications for the way in which research on non-verbal communication is carried out.

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