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Books in Social sciences and humanities

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    • Poverty and Policy in American History

      • 1st Edition
      • September 3, 2013
      • Michael B. Katz
      • Charles Tilly + 1 more
      • English
      • Hardback
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      • Paperback
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      • eBook
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      Poverty and Policy in American History is about people who needed help in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. It is about the ways in which the perception of poverty and other forms of dependence affected the development of public programs and the conduct of voluntary reform. It also about the ways in which people have written about welfare. The book contains three chapters and opens with a description of the life and death of a poor family in early twentieth-century Philadelphia based on case records. It attempts to show many of the themes in the lives of the poor through the close analysis of one extended example. The second chapter moves back in time and consists of four case studies drawn from the project's empirical research. The first case study takes up the history of a neglected institution, the poorhouse. The second case reports on a survey of the causes of pauperism undertaken by the New York Board of State Charities in the mid-1870s. The third case analyzes a sample of the seven special schedules of the 1880 U.S. census, which enumerated the ""defective, dependent, and delinquent"" population. The final case uses a register of tramps from various places in New York State during the mid-1870s to assess the relation between popular images of tramps and what appeared to be their actual characteristics. The third chapter uses the results of the project's research and other recent work on related topics to examine American historical writing about dependence as a field and offers a sympathetic critique.

    • Political Language

      • 1st Edition
      • September 3, 2013
      • Murray Edelman
      • English
      • Paperback
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      • eBook
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      Political Language: Words That Succeed and Policies That Fail deals with chronic inequalities of a smaller portion of the population getting more. The book discusses the persistence of poverty and greater inequalities in a democratic society such as the United States. The text reviews the chronic problems and the various beliefs found in American society, and also notes the general acceptance of the large differences in the quality of life of the people, which includes political power and autonomy. The book then defines perception of the political spectator and explains the linguistic generation of assumptions (taking for granted), linguistic reconstruction of facts (cover-ups), and the linguistic segmentation of politics (distinct from ordinary world). The text then emphasizes the language of inquiry, of authority, of participation, and of resistance as leading to free inquiry and experimentation or political loyalty. The selection can prove beneficial for political students, economists, educators, sociologists, and members of ministerial affairs related to population and economics.

    • The Economic Consequences of Slowing Population Growth

      • 1st Edition
      • September 3, 2013
      • Thomas J. Espenshade + 1 more
      • English
      • Hardback
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      • Paperback
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      • eBook
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      The Economic Consequences of Slowing Population Growth is a collection of papers dealing with the economic implications of a sustained low fertility rate on an industrialized country. The book reviews the situation prevailing in the United States including the country's demographic trends and prospects. The text also presents the uncertainties, the unknown, and the known economic consequences of low fertility as analyzed from previous generations. One paper examines the lessons that can be learned from a zero population growth in Europe by comparing theory and reality. This paper expounds on the social and economic effects while transitioning to a zero growth rate. Other papers examine the inter-relationships between unemployment, inflation, and economic policy. These papers also give recommendations to cut unemployment levels without causing inflation in the process. Other papers discuss social security and other needs of an aging population. One paper examines rising concerns over population movements in times of slower U.S. population growth; the author cites data reflecting migration trends and population declines in several metropolitan areas. The text can prove useful for sociologists, social workers, public health services officers, and public economists.

    • Human Adaptation and Its Failures

      • 1st Edition
      • September 3, 2013
      • Leslie Phillips
      • English
      • Paperback
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      Human Adaptation and its Failures focuses on the nature of psychopathology and its relation to normal behavior. The book first offers information on key concepts, including environmental factors in adaptation, nonadaptive behavior patterns, and a critique of approaches to normal and psychiatrically impaired behaviors. The text then surveys the development from biological organism to adult social being; social competence and societal expectations; and measurement of social competence. Topics include early experience and psychological development, social status as a way of life, social, moral, and intellectual development, and sex differences in social competence. The manuscript takes a look at social competence, adaptive potential, and psychological development and adaptive potential and adaptive failure. The publication also examines the definition and measurement of adaptive failure, conceptual issues in adaptive failure, and pathological behavior style and life-style. The text is a dependable reference for readers wanting to study human adaptation and its failures.

    • Going North

      • 1st Edition
      • September 3, 2013
      • Neil Fligstein
      • Peter H. Rossi
      • English
      • Paperback
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      • Hardback
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      Going North: Migration of Blacks and Whites from the South, 1900—1950 discusses the historical, demographic, sociological, and economic reasons for black and white migrations. The book explains the transition from a rural, extractive economy to an urban, industrial and service economy, with emphasis on the effects on the Southern rural population. After the Civil War, emerging business concerns became politically and economically significant, making the South a source for needed resources. 1930 was a defining year. Before 1930, migration reflected the growth and contraction of cotton agriculture in the South. After 1930, the transition from a tenant, labor-intensive cotton agriculture economy to a capitalist machine-driven economy caused the black and white migration to the north. American development was not a simple process—it shows how northern business interests defeated southern planters. This transformation has created a permanent underclass in society that can be found in the cities of the South, North, and Midwest regions of America today. Sociologists, economists, academicians doing sociological research, and students of U.S. history can benefit from reading the book.

    • Cognitive Electrophysiology of Attention

      • 1st Edition
      • August 31, 2013
      • George R. Mangun
      • English
      • Hardback
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      • eBook
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      Cognitive Electrophysiology of Attention explores the fundamental mechanisms of attention and related cognitive functions from cognitive neuroscience perspectives. Attention is an essential cognitive ability that enables humans to process and act upon relevant information while ignoring distracting information, and the capacity to focus attention is at the core of mental functioning. Understanding the neural bases of human attention remains a key challenge for neuroscientists and psychologists, and is essential for translational efforts to treat attentional deficits in a variety of neurological and psychiatric disorders. Cognitive electrophysiology is at the center of a multidisciplinary approach that involves the efforts of psychologists, neuroscientists, neuropsychologists, psychiatrists, and neurologists to identify basic brain mechanisms and develop translational approaches to improve mental health. This edited volume is authored by leading investigators in the field and discusses methods focused on electrophysiological recordings in humans, including electroencephalograp... (EEG) and event-related potential (ERP) methods, and also incorporates evidence from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Cognitive Electrophysiology of Attention illuminates specific models about attentional mechanisms in vision, audition, multisensory integration, memory, and semantic processing in humans.

    • Demystifying the Institutional Repository for Success

      • 1st Edition
      • August 31, 2013
      • Marianne Buehler
      • English
      • Paperback
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      • eBook
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      Institutional repositories remain key to data storage on campus, fulfilling the academic needs of various stakeholders. Demystifying the Institutional Repository for Success is a practical guide to creating and sustaining an institutional repository through marketing, partnering, and understanding the academic needs of all stakeholders on campus. This title is divided into seven chapters, covering: traditional scholarly communication and open access publishing; the academic shift towards open access; what the successful institutional repository looks like; institutional repository collaborations and building campus relationships; building internal and external campus institutional repository relationships; the impact and value proposition of institutional repositories; and looking ahead to open access opportunities.

    • Local Community in the Era of Social Media Technologies

      • 1st Edition
      • August 31, 2013
      • Hui-Lan Titangos
      • English
      • Paperback
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      • eBook
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      Social media technologies can help connect local communities to the wider world. Local Community in the Era of Social Media Technologies introduces the experience of bringing a local community to the world. This book, with the model of Santa Cruz County, California, develops a truly global approach to the subject. The first section of the book covers the early efforts of recording the local Santa Cruz area, before moving on to deal with Library 1.0. The next section looks at the present situation with Library 2.0 and its benefits. The book ends with a discussion of future directions and the implications of Library 3.0 and beyond.

    • Psychiatric Rehabilitation

      • 3rd Edition
      • August 29, 2013
      • Carlos W. Pratt + 3 more
      • English
      • Paperback
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      • Hardback
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      • eBook
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      The third edition of Psychiatric Rehabilitation, discusses interventions to help individuals with mental illness improve the quality of their life, achieve goals, and increase opportunities for community integration so they can lead full and productive lives. This person centered approach emphasizes strengths, skill development, and the attainment of valued social roles. The third edition has been fully updated with new coverage indicating how to address medical problems while treating for mental illness, wellness and recovery, evidence based practices, and directions for future research. Retaining the easy to read, engaging style, each chapter includes key terms with definitions, case studies, profiles of leaders in the field, special issues relating to treatment and ethics, and class exercises. Providing a comprehensive overview of this growing field, the book is suitable as an undergraduate or graduate textbook, as well as a reference for practitioners and academic researchers.Special Features:Provides new coverage on comorbid medical disorders, evidence based practices, wellness and recovery, and direction for future researchIdentifies controversial issues relating to treatment and ethicsSupplies case study examples to illustrate chapter pointsHighlights key terms with definitions and key topicsOffers focus questions and class exercises as a teaching tool

    • Personnel Protection: Security Personnel

      • 1st Edition
      • August 26, 2013
      • Jerome Miller + 1 more
      • English
      • Paperback
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      • eBook
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      Personnel Protection: Security Personnel is a video presentation. Length: seven minutes. When it comes to the physical safety of executives, no other preventative measure is more necessary than the proper screening and training of the personnel charged with their protection. In Personnel Protection: Security Personnel presenters Jerome Miller and Radford Jones discuss the critically important task of selecting and training security personnel for executive protection duties. In this seven-minute video presentation of narrated slides, the topics covered include a comparison of contracted and proprietary personnel, the pros and cons of armed versus unarmed personnel, the characteristics of the ideal security person, and the training requirements for hired security personnel. This presentation is one of 11 modules in the Personnel Protection presentation series, which is designed for companies considering an executive security program or for companies with an executive security program already in place. Each presentation in the series is narrated by Jerome Miller, formerly a commander in the Detroit Police Department and senior manager of international and special security operations at Chrysler Corporation, and Radford Jones, formerly manager of global security and fire protection at Ford Motor Company after 20 years with the U.S. Secret Service. Other topics in this series include concepts of executive security; advance procedures; the executive threat assessment profile; kidnapping issues and guidelines; security procedures for residences; worksite, aircraft, and vehicle operations; and executive compensation issues, including IRS requirements. Personnel Protection: Security Personnel is a part of Elsevier’s Security Executive Council Risk Management Portfolio, a collection of real world solutions and "how-to" guidelines that equip executives, practitioners, and educators with proven information for successful security and risk management programs.

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