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Books in Social sciences and humanities

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    • Psychology of System Design

      • 1st Edition
      • Volume 17
      • D. Meister
      • English
      This is a book about systems, including: systems in which humans control machines; systems in which humans interact with humans and the machine component is relatively unimportant; systems which are heavily computerized and those that are not; and governmental, industrial, military and social systems.The book deals with both traditional systems like farming, fishing and the military, and with systems just now tentatively emerging, like the expert and the interactive computer system. The emphasis is on the system concept and its implications for analysis, design and evaluation of these many different types of systems. The book attempts to make three major points: 1. System design, and particularly computer system design, must fit into and be directed by a comprehensive theory of system functioning. 2. Interactive computer design models itself upon our knowledge of how humans function. 3. Highly sophisticated interactive computer systems are presently mostly research vehicles, they are vastly different to general purpose, commercially available word processors and personal computers.The book represents an interdisciplinary approach, the author has used psychological, organizational, human factors, and engineering sources. The book is not a "how to do it" book but it is intended to stimulate thinking about the larger context in which systems, particularly computer systems of the future, should be designed and used.

    • Crime

      • 1st Edition
      • M. A. Walker
      • English
      A work of reference to the sources of statistical material, both official and unofficial, on crime. It enables the user to discover what data are available, from where they may be obtained and what limitations there are to their use. A Quick Reference List of detailed information about statistical series is included and readers also have access to a computer held cumulative index for the entire series

    • Behavior of Nonhuman Primates

      Modern Research Trends
      • 1st Edition
      • Volume 1
      • Allan M. Schrier + 2 more
      • English
      Behavior of Nonhuman Primates: Modern Research Trends, Volume I focuses on studies on the dynamics of behavior of nonhuman primates. The selection first offers information on discrete-trial training techniques and stimulus variables and discrimination-learn... sets. Discussions focus on the characteristics of learning-set behavior, procedural variables, basic learning-set procedures, renaissance of contiguity, border cues and additivity, and contiguity and automation. The text then ponders on hypothesis behavior and delayed-response problem, including variations of the delayed-response problem; delayed response and discrimination learning contrasted; and the hypothesis model and its application to the object-discriminatio... experiment. The manuscript examines associative problems and operant conditioning. Topics include discriminative behavior, similarity and dissimilarity problems, alternation problems, discrimination reversal problems, discrimination problems, and behavior controlled by aversive stimuli. The text is a valuable reference for researchers interested in the behavior of nonhuman primates.

    • Lifelong Education and Evaluation Practice

      A study on the Development of a Framework for Designing Evaluation Systems at the School Stage in the Perspective of Lifelong Education
      • 1st Edition
      • Volume 4
      • R. Skager
      • English
      This report develops a comprehensive conceptual analysis of educational evaluation and then applies the analysis to identify particular kinds of evaluation that would be especially important under lifelong education. The treatment of evaluation is general enough to incorporate evaluation practice operating under virtually any educational philosophy. While the study does focus primarily on the learner and the school, the conceptual distinctions and practical conclusions are applicable to nonformal and informal educational settings

    • Economics of Arms Reduction and the Peace Process

      Contributions from Peace Economics and Peace Science
      • 1st Edition
      • W. Isard + 1 more
      • English
      The subject of peace economics and its ramifications are comprehensively and deeply attacked in this book. First of all the book presents a compact survey of significant contributions already made, and then it provides a broad theoretical background for examining the subject by evaluating four different approaches, those of 1) neoclassical welfare theory, 2) Keynesian and modern versions of macroeconomics, 3) modern growth theory and 4) political choice theory.A number of contributions deal with major questions on issues such as the impact of military cutbacks in the Eastern European economies upon their growth; trade between nations; arms trade; nuclear defense; and the benefits and costs of war as highlighted by the recent Gulf War. Issues of a more general nature but equally significant are also discussed, including the age-old negotiations problem of two mature political leaders of major powers in conflict; the determinants of military expenditures; and the problems of developing countries. In the last chapter the findings of the studies reported in the book are summarized and key directions for further research are identified.This book is indispensable for any economist or analyst conducting research on peace economics and the peace process or concerned with the impacts of recent arms reduction and conversion by the major powers and the escalation of military expenditures elsewhere.

    • Game Theory for Economic Analysis

      • 1st Edition
      • Tatsuro Ichiishi
      • English
      Game Theory for Economic Analysis provides information pertinent to the more general game-theoretical concept. This book discusses fundamental aspects of a social coalitional equilibrium. Organized into six chapters, this book begins with an overview of the mathematical tools and theorems that play critical roles in n-person game theory. This text then provides a systematic account for the first strand of n-person game theory and presents the mathematical foundation for economic analysis. Other chapters consider the concept of Nash equilibrium of a game in normal form, wherein a solution of a game is based on the postulate that each player behaves individualistically and passively. This book discusses as well the central concept of the core of a game in characteristic function form, with or without side-payments. The final chapter deals with the Shapley value of a side-payment game. This book is a valuable resource for economists, economic theorists, and research workers.

    • Speech and Language

      Advances in Basic Research and Practice
      • 1st Edition
      • Volume 5
      • Norman J. Lass
      • English
      Speech and Language: Volume 5, Advances in Basic Research and Practice is a collection of papers dealing with clinical issues, theories, and pathology of language and speech. Several papers discuss developmental apraxia of speech, relapse of stuttering therapy, the single subject research design, and the implications of the physiologic, acoustic, and perceptual aspects of coarticulation. Other papers analyze language development, language training, the three aspects of voice quality element, and the issue of disputed communication origins. One paper notes that intervention programs for stuttering produces mostly short-term benefits. The paper discusses the known risks of relapse following the end of stuttering therapy and the independent variables that influence this risk. Another paper examines voice quality in terms of perceptual, acoustic, and physiologic features of the different voice modes. By using the "Black Box" model, in which frequency, intensity, laryngeal waveform, pharyngeal prefiltering, and formant frequency can be controlled, the paper shows that a measure of interaction among all the controls exist. For example, a voice mode represented by a laryngeal waveform and pharyngeal prefiltering still interacts with frequency and intensity. Therefore, knowledge of the differences in physiology that attend to each voice mode can be valuable in effecting changes in voice production. The collection will prove valuable for linguists, speech therapists, neurologists, neuropsychologists, neurolinguists, speech pathologists, or investigators whose works involve linguistics, learning, communications, and syntax.

    • Speech and Language

      Advances in Basic Research and Practice
      • 1st Edition
      • Volume 4
      • Norman J. Lass
      • English
      Speech and Language: Volume 4, Advances in Basic Research and Practice is a collection of papers that deals with the theories, clinical issues, and pathology of language and speech. Several papers discuss nonlinguistic and linguistic processing in children, phonological development in infants, and the development of speech fluency in children. Other papers examine the four major speech production models, the physiological and acoustical aspects of speech adaptation, spatial-temporal model of velopharyngeal function, and variations in the supraglottal air pressure waveform. One paper notes the relationships of two systems of development as follows: language development is dependent upon cognitive products and cognitive development is dependent upon language development. Such relationship leads to the hypotheses that language and cognitive developments are independent, are interdependent, and are both dependent upon some X abilities. One paper suggests that speech clinicians should have as a goal the achievement of speech that is as normal as possible in all respects, and not just for patients to sound normal. The collection will benefit linguists, ethnologists, psychologists, speech therapists, neurologists, neuropsychologists, neurolinguists, or speech pathologists.

    • Electronic Warfare

      Element of Strategy and Multiplier of Combat Power
      • 1st Edition
      • Don E. Gordon
      • English
      Electronic Warfare: Element of Strategy and Multiplier of Combat Power describes how the application of electronic warfare allowed the Allies to multiply combat power during World War II in order to accomplish strategic objectives. This book is composed of eight chapters that also consider how the United States had best prepare a strategy to fight on the battlefield with electronic warfare. After briefly presenting the history of electric warfare equipment, this book goes on exploring the technologies of cryptology and microwave radar, and their significance in the battle. These topics are followed by a chapter focusing on the accomplishments of the German surface fleet. The succeeding chapters demonstrate the power of German army with their U-boats, and cruisers, Scheer, Lutzow, Hipper, and Prinz Eugen. The final chapter looks into the issues of preparedness, the cost of defense, the role of technology, political and economic appraisal, and the need to multiply combat power quickly and inexpensively.

    • Dynamic Modelling and Control of National Economies 1989

      Selected Papers from the 6th IFAC Symposium, Edinburgh, UK, 27–29 June 1989
      • 1st Edition
      • N.M. Christodoulakis
      • English
      The Symposium aimed at analysing and solving the various problems of representation and analysis of decision making in economic systems starting from the level of the individual firm and ending up with the complexities of international policy coordination. The papers are grouped into subject areas such as game theory, control methods, international policy coordination and the applications of artificial intelligence and experts systems as a framework in economic modelling and control. The Symposium therefore provides a wide range of important information for those involved or interested in the planning of company and national economics.

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