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Elsevier

Books in Arts and humanities

Elsevier's Arts and Humanities titles encompass a rich spectrum of scholarship that explores human culture, history, philosophy, and creative expression. These works offer deep insights into language, literature, visual arts, and critical theory, supporting the academic community in understanding diverse perspectives and cultural legacies. Designed for scholars, educators, and students, this collection bridges classic studies with contemporary issues, fostering a deeper appreciation and knowledge of the human experience.

  • Theoretical Methods in Social History

    • 1st Edition
    • Arthur L. Stinchcombe
    • English
    Theoretical Methods in Social History examines how generality can be wrested from historical facts. The book explores the various aspects on the application of social theory to historical materials. Chapters delve on various historical issues such as the sociological bias of Trotsky and De Tocqueville; functional analysis of class relations in Smelser and Bendix; and the analogy between intellectual productions. Historians and philosophers will find the book interesting.

  • Play Fighting

    • 1st Edition
    • Owen Aldis
    • English
    Play Fighting considers the possible benefits of play for humans and animals. This book is divided into two main topics—animal play and human play. In these topics, this text specifically discusses the definition, evolution, and function of play; criteria of chasing and play fighting; function of laughter in human play; and spurious correlation between exploratory and playful species. The surplus energy and catharsis theories of play; vestibular stimulation acting as a reinforcer; function of mother-infant play; and properties of play-fear and serious-fear stimuli are also elaborated. This compilation likewise covers the puzzling blind spots of child psychology; play and child rearing; and play fear of “monsters”. This publication is a good source for students and individuals interested in the survival value of play for animals and healthy development of children.

  • Conduct and Conscience

    The Socialization of Internalized Control Over Behavior
    • 1st Edition
    • Justin Aronfreed
    • English
    Conduct and Conscience: The Socialization of Internalized Control over Behavior covers the concept and mechanism of socialization and internalization and their role in human conduct and behavior. This book consists of 12 chapters and begins with the presentation of the major problems concerning the attempt to understand the origins of conduct and conscience. The third chapter redefines these problems in the context of a concept of internalization, while the fourth chapter deals with the theoretical aspect of the subject as it sets forth an initial conception of the mechanisms of learning that underlie socialization. The remaining eight chapters contain primarily descriptive and experimental analyses of specific internalized products of socialization, including altruism, sympathy, transgression, fear, guilt, shame, and discipline. This book is an invaluable source for sociologists, and scientists and workers in the fields of human conduct and behavior, and other allied fields.

  • Human Behavior and Public Policy

    A Political Psychology
    • 1st Edition
    • Marshall H. Segall
    • Arnold P. Goldstein + 1 more
    • English
    Human Behavior and Public Policy: A Political Psychology examines knowledge about human behavior and its application to public policy analysis. It shows that the findings of psychological research provide information on how to better understand social problems and formulate and implement policies for the solution of such problems. Organized into nine chapters, the book first discusses how psychology can be used to shape society into a better home and then presents three models for political psychology. The next chapters deal with intellectual capacities, educability, and prejudice and discrimination in different groups of people. The book also explores violence and intergroup conflict resolutions and concludes with a proposal for a research design that serves as an example of political-psychologi... planning. Academic psychologists who teach interdisciplinary social sciences and courses concerned with public affairs will find this book invaluable.

  • Polarized Light and Optical Measurement

    International Series of Monographs in Natural Philosophy
    • 1st Edition
    • D. Clarke + 1 more
    • D. Ter Haar
    • English
    Polarized Light and Optical Measurement is a five-chapter book that begins with a self-consistent conceptual picture of the phenomenon of polarization. Chapter 2 describes a number of interactions of light and matter used in devising optical elements in polarization studies. Specific optical elements are given in Chapter 3. The last two chapters explore the measurement of the state of polarization and the various roles played in optical instrumentation by polarization and polarization-sensiti... elements. This book will provide useful information in this field of interest for research workers, postgraduate students, as well as undergraduate students.

  • The Economics of Labor Migration

    A Behavioral Analysis
    • 1st Edition
    • Charles F. Mueller
    • Edwin S. Mills
    • English
    The Economics of Labor Migration: A Behavioral Analysis presents an in-depth study of the various factors and conditions that lead to a worker's decision to migrate. The book applies theoretical and empirical procedures to the analysis and comprehension of the labor migration phenomenon. The text is organized in that the first chapter provides an introduction of the subject and an overview and outline of the study. Chapter 2 reviews previous studies on the determinants of interregional migration and geographic mobility. In Chapter 3, a theoretical behavioral model of the migration decision is developed. The judgments used in developing a data base suitable for estimation purposes and the aggregate characteristics of the sample of workers are presented in Chapter 4. The fifth chapter discusses the estimation results. Chapter 6 evaluates the data using collinearity diagnostics that identify sources of collinearity. The final chapter gives a summary of the study, recommendations for further research, and an assessment of the migration policy in the United States. Demographers, economists, sociologists, employers, and government administrators will find the book invaluable.

  • A Challenge to Social Security

    The Changing Roles of Women and Men in American Society
    • 1st Edition
    • Richard V. Burkhauser + 1 more
    • English
    A Challenge to Social Security: The Changing Roles of Women and Men in American Society is a collection of papers that deals with social security reform. The papers concern insurance and pure income transfer aspects of various proposals and the assumptions regarding the family and work behavior found in each proposal. The proposed reforms attempt to fix the shortcomings of the Old Age, Survivors Insurance (OASI) Program, sometimes at the expense of reducing the subsidy for women who remain at home, or through alterations of the subsidy's nature. Other papers discuss the current spouse benefits under the dual entitlement rule; homemaker credits; child-care drop-out years; and one going against the grain, earnings sharing. One paper sees earning sharing as the only way to provide security to the homemaker without being unfair to the working wife. Other papers tackle the issues of women and a two-tier social security system; the double-decker alternative to eliminate dependency under social security; and the social security reform from a feminist's perspective. This collection can prove useful for economists, sociologists, political scientists, and policy makers involved in welfare and social security.

  • Sources and Methods of Historical Demography

    Studies in Social Discontinuity
    • 1st Edition
    • J. Dennis Willigan + 1 more
    • Charles Tilly + 1 more
    • English
    Sources and Methods of Historical Demography covers the fundamental sources, methods, and approaches to explanatory modeling for describing, analyzing, and understanding demographic features of past societies. The book discusses the intellectual ancestry of historical demographic research, beginning in the 17th century; as well as the logic of basic techniques for reconstructing and analyzing information from fundamental source materials. The text also describes the full range of disciplines that have made major contributions to historical demography, and examples of empirical research. The book concludes by arguing the case for conducting historical demographic research with a broad, interdisciplinary ideal in mind. Historians and sociologists will find the book invaluable.

  • The Waltham Book of Human-Animal Interaction

    Benefits and Responsibilities of Pet Ownership
    • 1st Edition
    • I. Robinson
    • English
    The Waltham Book of Human-Animal Interaction: Benefits and Responsibilities of Pet Ownership discusses the scientific study of the relationship between man and animals, focusing on the behavior of companion animals, and how humans and animals affect each other's behavior. This first half of this book discusses research on benefits that have been found to accumulate from associations with animals, and the role of animals in care and therapy program. The responsibilities toward the animals kept, and how to enhance their care and welfare are considered in the next chapters. The human response to pet loss is also elaborated. This publication is beneficial to veterinary students and individuals concerned with the study of human-animal interactions.

  • Circumpolar Problems

    Habitat, Economy, and Social Relations in the Arctic
    • 1st Edition
    • Gösta Berg
    • English
    Circumpolar Problems: Habitat, Economy, and Social Relations in the Arctic contains papers presented at the Symposium on Circumpolar Problems, organized by the Nordic Council for Anthropological Research and held on September 14-21, 1969 in Lulea, Sweden and Tromso, Norway. Organized into 22 chapters, this book begins with some comparisons between Greenlanders and Lapps regarding their relationship to the inclusive society. Subsequent chapters discuss the urbanization, industrialization, and changes in the family in Greenland during the reform period since 1950; ""conservation"" and ""destruction"" of traditional culture; and socio-economical transformation and modern ethnical development of the inhabitants of the Siberian polar zones of the north-eastern regions. Other chapters explain the migrations from nomad to urban districts in Northern Sweden; division of the Lapps into tradition areas; variations of settlement pattern and hunting conditions in three districts of Greenland; cultural concept in the Arctic Stone Age; and transition from hunting to nomadic economy in Finnmark.

  • Getting Ahead Collectively

    Grassroots Experiences in Latin America
    • 1st Edition
    • Albert O. Hirschman
    • English
    Getting Ahead Collectively: Grassroots Experiences in Latin America is a seven-chapter book that first discusses certain types of developmental sequences in Latin America. The emergence of cooperative action and the intangible benefits and costs of cooperatives are then explained. The book also explores the ""intermediate"" organizations that have grown all over Latin America to help low-income people better their condition. The last chapter details the social and political effects of a dense network of grassroots development efforts.

  • Social Insect Populations

    • 1st Edition
    • M. V. Brian
    • English
    Social Insect Populations focuses on observations on the populations of social insects, including egg production, nesting characteristics, and food collection. The book first underscores the evolution of social life and organization and control of social insect populations. The text also ponders on the numbers and density of social insect populations, as well as methods of estimation, numbers in colonies, and density and biomass. Egg production, stationary populations, nest size, productivity, and survival are discussed. The manuscript discusses reproduction and brood periodicity of social insect populations. Discussions focus on reproduction by single and group of queens and reciprocity among bees, wasps, and ants. The text also examines nest sites and shelters, mating structures, and food collection of social insects. Discussions focus on food supply, intergeneric competition, predators and parasites, and population regulation among bees, wasps, termites, and ants. The book is a dependable reference for readers interested in the study of social insect populations.

  • Liberty and Politics

    Studies in Social Theory
    • 1st Edition
    • Owen Harries
    • English
    Liberty and Politics: Studies in Social Theory is a collection of papers that describes the conservative stance in dealing and preserving liberal and democratic values and institutions. The book deals with education, political, and social theory and presents the philosophy of Harry Eddy who was a realist, pluralist, and libertarian. One paper defines the nature of tradition as a series of acts of which the enactments of a tradition involve certain regularities of conduct. Other papers then discuss ethics as the theory of history and as an ethic of responsibility different from moral cynicism and moral futurism. One paper confronts the points of teaching sex education so as to correct sexual myths, to help pupils make appropriate decisions regarding sexuality, and to prepare them for love and responsibility. Another paper then discusses socialism, liberty, and the law where the author acknowledges the need for deeper thoughts over ideology and for acceptance of complexity over ""black and white"" thinking. The book then presents one author's reflection of The Gulag Archipelago that it offers something new and different from those of Nazism and Stalinism. The text will prove a stimulating reading for political scientists, historians, students and academicians in education and humanities, and for the general readers who like social history and political ideas.

  • Making Better Places

    Urban Design Now
    • 1st Edition
    • Richard Hayward
    • English
    Making Better Places: Urban Design Now discusses how to make better places: how monotonous or rich urban development can be, how appropriate to traffic requirements urban improvements are, or how sustainable an urban design approach can be to existing and future urban dispersal. The book reviews the gap existing between the various environmental disciplines leading to the emergence of urban design; as well as the gap between the rhetoric and practical achievements of urban design. The practice of urban design entails the premise that environments are to be created and transformed to provide the most opportunities for the largest number of people. By using an urban tissue plan, the urban developmental planner can produce and evaluate site development appraisal and design proposals. The book also provides an abstract perspective that considers built forms as a set of signs to provide a mechanism which shows the modification of urban space. The text also addresses the issue of urban change in established centers, the urban fringe and beyond, as well as cites four examples of exploration by intervention. The book can prove beneficial to urban planners, sociologists, and policy makers involved in urban and social development.

  • Happiness in Marriage

    • 1st Edition
    • Margaret Sanger
    • English
    Happiness in Marriage is a book written by a prominent birth control activist, women's rights advocate, sex educator, and nurse Margaret Sanger in response to the letters she received from women seeking aid in marriage problems. The book, intending to solve the different and usual problems found in marriage, discusses the first step and building life forces; the different stages - courtship, engagement, honeymoon, and settling down; sex-related questions and issues, including psychic impotence and frigidity; the avoidance of premature parenthood; and birth control in practice. The text is recommended for marriage and family counselors, as well as for sex therapists who have clients in need of advice and help. The book is written in a way that can be easily understood by lay people. Thus, the book will also come in handy for couples who wish to get married and be prepared for potential problems they might encounter in their married life, as well as to couples who are having problems with their marriage.

  • Model Answers in the Structure of Commerce

    The Commonwealth and International Library: Commonwealth Library of Model Answers
    • 1st Edition
    • T. W. Cox + 1 more
    • C. W. Schofield
    • English
    Model Answers in the Structure of Commerce aims to do the following: (a) to be a guide to students as to how to tackle questions in this particular subject; (b) to give some indication as to the length of answers and content an examiner would expect; and (c) to help students to appreciate the scope of the syllabus and also the type of questions likely to be set in examinations. The book begins with a discussion of how to answer examination questions on the Structure of Commerce. Subsequent chapters present questions relating to industry and commerce, types of business organizations, distribution methods, import and export procedure, foreign trade, the capital market, the banking system and methods of payments, transport, location of industry, insurance, consumer protection. Also provided are a selection of questions requiring brief treatment on a variety of subjects and questions relating to trade calculations. This book does not attempt to replace good textbooks on the subject of Commerce although much benefit will be derived from studying carefully the answers to the questions.

  • Life-Span Developmental Psychology

    Normative Life Crises
    • 1st Edition
    • Nancy Datan + 1 more
    • English
    Life-Span Developmental Psychology: Normative Life Crises is a compilation of papers that deals with various points of view between the academic perspective — studies in developmental psychology and applied perspective — and the practical efforts of social workers to help individual clients. Part I discusses normative life crises from the two perspectives that include human behavior theory in social work education. This part also includes an interdisciplinary approach covering developmental, social, sociological, economic, and psychological fields. Part II covers the normative life crises in individual development such as discussions on death, ego development, and a practioner's response on models of ego development. The book also discusses an abstract model versus an actual individual experience in dealing with crises, as well as the meanings of adaptation and survival during old age. Part III presents the normative life crises in the family circle covering topics such as parenthood, sex roles, depression, widowhood, and an example of situational stress. Part IV deals with the normative life crises and the social system, including socialization, life course, changing work cycles, and public policy on death. This book will prove valuable for psychologists, psychiatrists, sociologists, social workers, and behavioral scientists.

  • Mortality Patterns in National Populations

    With Special Reference to Recorded Causes of Death
    • 1st Edition
    • Samuel H. Preston
    • H. H. Winsborough
    • English
    Mortality Patterns in National Populations: With Special Reference to Recorded Causes of Death aims to interpret the account left by millions of death certificates that have been recorded in 43 nations. The book discusses a ""model"" of the cause structure of mortality at various levels of mortality from all causes combined; the effect of various causes on the chances of death and longevity; and the contribution of economic factors to declines in mortality during the 20th century. The text also describes the causes of death and age patterns of mortality; the causes of death responsible for variation in sex mortality differentials; and the demographic and social consequences of various causes of death in the United States. Demographers and ecologists will find the book invaluable.

  • Guide to Contemporary Politics

    The Commonwealth and International Library: Liberal Studies Division
    • 1st Edition
    • N. C. Dexter + 1 more
    • D. F. Bratchell + 1 more
    • English
    Guide to Contemporary Politics describes basic political ideas and some of the issues dividing the major parties in British politics. The book starts with basic descriptions of political theory, covering the foundations of democracy, the choice of government, and the machinery of political power found in the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government. The book then cites example of clichés and common misconception about politics between a communist and a socialist. This is followed by discussions and interviews on the politics, differences, qualities, and some perceptions on the Communist Party, the Conservative Party, the Labor Party, and the Liberal Party. The book then discusses any points of controversy or misunderstanding in an objective manner. The text gives an assessment of observations and notes of the different parties. The appendices also discuss the state of economy from 1945 to 1966, and how the newspapers saw the changing politics of the times. The book also discusses the use of opinion polls in political elections. Politicians, political candidates, campaign managers, and sociologists and historians will find this book informative and useful.

  • How Newspapers Work

    The Commonwealth and International Library: Liberal Studies Division
    • 1st Edition
    • W. Roy Nash
    • D. F. Bratchell + 1 more
    • English
    How Newspapers Work is a detailed account of how newspapers work, with emphasis on the mechanics of news gathering and tasks of the reporter, sub-editor, news specialists, and editor. A typical day in the life of a morning newspaper is described, and the role of the press in society is examined. This book is comprised of seven chapters and begins with an introduction to the history of newspapers, with particular reference to some ""popular"" national daily newspapers in Britain such as the Daily Express, Daily Mail, Daily Herald, Daily Mirror, and Daily Sketch. The next chapter focuses on the role of reporters in gathering news, their education and training, and qualities of a good reporter. Subsequent chapters look at the main tasks of sub-editors, news specialists such as columnists, and editors. The penultimate chapter describes a typical day in the life of a morning newspaper, while the last chapter considers the social and political aspects of the press. This monograph will be of interest to journalists and those considering a career in the newspaper industry.

  • Readings in Child Socialization

    The Commonwealth and International Library: Readings in Sociology
    • 1st Edition
    • K. Danziger
    • English
    Readings in Child Socialization is a collection of papers that covers concerns in sociological science, particularly those that involve children. The book presents 14 materials that tackle issues in human society. The text first details the concept of society and socialization, and then proceeds to presenting sociological studies, such as a developmental study of the effects of sex of the dominant parent on sex role preference, identification, and imitation in children; social origins and consequences of elaborated and restricted codes; and sex, age, and state as determinants of mother-infant interaction. The book will be of great interest to researchers and practitioners of sociology and other related disciplines, such as social psychology.

  • The Anglo-African Commonwealth

    Political Friction and Cultural Fusion
    • 1st Edition
    • Ali A. Mazrui
    • Kenneth Bradley + 1 more
    • English
    The Anglo-African Commonwealth: Political Friction and Cultural Fusion deals with political friction and cultural fusion in the Anglo-African Commonwealth. Topics covered range from the history and politics of the Anglo-African Commonwealth as well as culture and thought, with emphasis on the Rhodesian problem and the Kenyan precedent, as well as the European Economic Community and the British legacy in Africa. The royal theme in African nationalism and the place of William Shakespeare in African political thought are also discussed. Comprised of eight chapters, this book begins with an analysis of the influence of Britain and of nationalism in Asia on the development of African resistance to colonial rule. It then examines the growth of African influence in the Conmmonwealth and some of the issues involved in the Rhodesian problem, along with Kenya's background of powerful white settlers. Subsequent chapters explore the development of the European Economic Community and its implications for Commonwealth Africa; Anglo-African self-conceptions, paying particular attention to the pre-eminent characteristic which the Africans and the British attribute to themselves; and the impact of the English language and English literature on African nationalism. The final chapter offers a reading of Julius Nyerere's translation of Shakespeare's Julius Caesar into Swahili and its significance both for Swahili literature and for African politics at large. This monograph will appeal to historians and political scientists.

  • Sociology

    Made Simple
    • 1st Edition
    • Jane L. Thompson
    • English
    Sociology: Made Simple covers issues being discussed in contemporary sociology. The book tackles Sociology with regard to its definition, social sciences, theories, and different approaches (i.e., positivism, functionalism, symbolic interactionism, and Marxist sociology). The text also discusses social class in Britain; family life in contemporary Britain; the main aspects of the sociology of education; and studies in youth culture. The effects of mass media, industrialization, work, poverty, welfare, state, politics, and distribution of power in the process of social control are also considered. Each chapter of the book is provided with lists of further reading. Students engaged in sociology course and general readers will find the book invaluable.

  • Religious Assortative Marriage

    in the United States
    • 1st Edition
    • Robert Alan Johnson
    • English
    Religious Assortative Marriage in the United States aims to formulate and apply to American religious data, macrosociological models of assortative marriage in pluralistic populations. These models postulate that the factors determining assortative marriage are population structure, social divisions, and norms of endogamy. An important application of these models is to counter the ideological assumption, implicit in the popular image of a ""melting pot of nations,"" that the amalgamation of groups in the marriage market is the inevitable outcome of a historical plan of assimilation. The book begins by establishing a demographic framework by embedding assortative marriage in a broader model of the replacement of religious composition. This is followed by separate chapters on specialized theories concerned with the social determinants of assortative marriage; available religious marital selection data in the United States; and regional, residential, and cohort differentials in assortative marriage. The final chapter discusses how the ""general marriage market model,"" that is sufficiently flexible to be broadly applicable to diverse structures of religious or other assortative marriage, can be mathematically manipulated to generate laws of social statics and dynamics.

  • Private Enterprise in Developing Countries

    • 1st Edition
    • W. M. Clarke
    • R Brown + 2 more
    • English
    Private Enterprise in Developing Countries is a five-chapter text that describes the contribution of private investment in the less-developed countries. The opening chapter tracks down the flow of help to less development countries and the struggles in encouraging private enterprise to invest in the poorer countries. The next chapter scrutinizes the significant changes in private investments in less-developed countries, followed by a discussion on the distinction between the prime purpose of private enterprise and the result of their activities, focusing on the concept of the so-called development “fall-out”. These topics are followed by surveys of the basis of fear of private investors in investing business in underdeveloped countries through examining the experience of Malaysia and the sterling parts of Africa. The final chapter considers some business issues, including the development of a system to safeguard the handling of information for the study of overseas investment climate and the role being played by indigenous development corporations.

  • Urban Alternatives

    Proceedings of the USERC Environment, Resources and Urban Development Workshop
    • 1st Edition
    • Edward A. Wolff
    • English
    Urban Alternatives contains the proceedings of the USERC Environmental Resources and Urban Development Workshop held at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Maryland in November 1975. The workshop aims to obtain information on the technical implications of various possible urban development decisions. This book details the descriptions of the workshop and the process used to arrive at the recommendations. The workshops are organized into topics of urban development, energy, communications, meteorology, water resources, public health, in-situ sensing, remote sensing, socio-economic problems, and science technology and government.

  • Perception and Communication

    • 1st Edition
    • D.E. Broadbent
    • English
    Perception and Communication covers the significant advances in understanding the association between perception and communication. This book is composed of 12 chapters and starts with an overview of the value of auditory studies and the basic principles of perception and behavior theory. The next chapters deal with the theoretical interpretation of the experiments concerning selective listening to speech and some of the distinctive features of human verbal behavior. These topics are followed by discussions of the role of communication channels in listening; the effects of noise on behavior; the general nature of vigilance; some data on individual differences related to extraversion and decrement in non-vigilance tasks; and the nature of extinction. The closing chapters consider the problems of multi-channeling listening and the selective nature of learning. These chapters also provide a summary of principles of perception and communication. This book will prove useful to applied psychologists, behaviorists, and researchers.

  • Dimensions of Behavior

    The Psychiatric Foundations of Medicine
    • 1st Edition
    • Leon Wurmser + 1 more
    • English
    Dimensions of Behavior: The Psychiatric Foundations of Medicine provides the general background of the field and lays the foundations of the origins of behavior. It is a modern textbook of psychiatry written specifically for medical students and physicians. In its comprehensive scope, it contains the contributions of all the disciplines that are relevant to the behavioral, psychological, social, and humanistic aspects of medicine, as well as the contributions of clinical psychiatry that constitute an integral part of the healing art and science of medicine. The book is organized into six parts. Parts I and II are introductory and present the historical development of psychological thinking in medicine and the evolving status of psychiatry in the contemporary scene, with an emphasis on the need for a new medical model. They further attempt to sketch a general conceptualization of human behavior that transcends the disciplinary boundaries of biological and psychosocial sciences, through an introduction into the philosophical and epistemological approaches to studying man and his behavior. Part III introduces basic concepts related to an evolutionary understanding of human behavior, together with contributing extrapolations from ethological and laboratory animal studies. Parts IV through VI present the developmental dimension of behavior. Human development is discussed from the point of view of its biological foundations and genetic determinants, from the point of view of the various psychological theories of personality development, and in terms of the developmental stages of man. This longitudinal perspective of behavior provides the fundamental considerations for understanding the uniqueness of the individual.

  • Papers in Economics and Sociology

    • 1st Edition
    • Oskar Lange
    • P. F. Knightsfield
    • English
    Papers in Economics and Sociology is a compilation of materials authored by the Polish economist Oskar Lange. The coverage of the essays covers the interrelations between economic and social issues. The text first covers the Marxist and socialist theory, and then proceeds to tackling political economy and socialism. Next, the selection deals with economic theory, along with the mathematical models, econometrics, and statistics utilized in economic analysis. The text also covers the economic science in the service of practice. The book will be of great use to political scientists, sociologists, behavioral scientists, and economists.

  • Soviet and East European Law and the Scientific-Technical Revolution

    Pergamon Policy Studies on International Politics
    • 1st Edition
    • Gordon B. Smith + 2 more
    • English
    Soviet and East European Law and the Scientific-Technical Revolution discusses the various perceptions and understandings of the scientific technical revolution (STR) and its effect on the legal systems of the USSR and the East European nations. This book is composed 11 chapters and begins with a description of the relationship of the STR and law and how law is used as a means of manipulating the STR and directing its development. The succeeding chapters explore the STR in the realm of ideas or doctrine relating to management theory and jurisprudence. These topics are followed by discussions of the constitutional enactments influenced by the STR and the developments of administrative and labor laws. The remaining chapters highlight the tangible results of efforts to shape the STR. These chapters also look into the development of mechanisms for the transfer of technology between the Soviet Union and the Eastern Europe. This book is intended for historians and the general public who are interested in scientific-technical revolution.

  • Present and Past in Middle Life

    • 1st Edition
    • Dorothy H. Eichorn + 2 more
    • English
    Present and Past in Middle Life presents an interdisciplinary focus on the life course from adolescence to middle age. Part I is a review of the social history and life experiences that are shaped by the timing of historical forces exemplified in the Oakland Growth Study and the Guidance Study in California. Part II deals with the intrapersonal dimensions, covering topics such as health in the middle years, adolescence experience, personality, and IQ up to middle age. This part discusses the effects and changes brought by the Binet IQ tests, and then evaluates the correlation of IQ and adaptability to change. Physiological health and the ill effects of alcohol consumption are also explained in this part. The book also discusses the child-centered personality theory that the past is the cause and the present is the outcome. One paper analyzes adolescent personality as predictive to adult psychological health using 19 personality dimensions to arrive at a psychological health index at 40. Other papers discuss men's work careers in their middle years and those of women, highlighting women's relationship with work, personality, and their role in the family. The book can be useful for behavioral scientists, sociologists, counselors, physiologists, psychiatrists, and researchers involved in the field of human development.

  • Cooperation

    An Experimental Analysis
    • 1st Edition
    • Gerald Marwell + 1 more
    • English
    Cooperation: An Experimental Analysis presents the results of an experimental analysis that sought to identify the factors that inhibit, maintain, or promote cooperation. Two of these factors are given particular attention: inequity and interpersonal risk between potential cooperators. Using a molar approach, the book applies some of the key methodological and theoretical insights of behavioral analysis to a group response that reflects the main conceptual characteristics of cooperation. The extent to which this behavioral response could be controlled by relevant environmental contingencies is also examined. Comprised of nine chapters, this book begins with an overview of the concept of cooperation and the measurement and experimental design used in the study. It then summarizes the results of the first experiments that focus on the link between inequity and cooperation, followed by a discussion on the effect of interpersonal risk on cooperation. Subsequent chapters focus on the role of protection and communication in promoting cooperation despite the presence of risk; the effects of the relationships between partners on the likelihood of cooperating under risk; and how a strategy of "pacifism" could facilitate cooperation. The final chapter summarizes the results of the experiments. This monograph will be of interest to social psychologists and sociologists.

  • Measures of Personality and Social Psychological Attitudes

    Measures of Social Psychological Attitudes
    • 1st Edition
    • John P. Robinson + 2 more
    • English
    Measures of Personality and Social Psychological Attitudes: Volume 1 in Measures of Social Psychological Attitudes Series provides a comprehensive guide to the most promising and useful measures of important social science concepts. This book is divided into 12 chapters and begins with a description of the Measures of Personality and Social Psychological Attitudes Project's background and the major criteria for scale construction. The subsequent chapters review measures of "response set"; the scales dealing with the most general affective states, including life satisfaction and happiness; and the measured of self-esteem. These topics are followed by discussions of measures of social anxiety, which is conceived a major inhibitor of social interaction, as well as the negative states of depression and loneliness. Other chapters examine the separate dimensions of alienation, the predictive value of interpersonal trust and attitudes in studies of occupational choice and racial attitude change, and the attitude scales related to locus of control. The final chapters look into the measures related to authoritarianism, androgyny, and values. This book is of great value to social and political scientists, psychologists, nurses, social workers, non-academic professionals, and students.

  • Multidimensional Mathematical Demography

    Proceedings of the Conference on Multidimensional Mathematical Demography Held at the University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, March 23-25, 1981, Sponsored by the National Science Foundation
    • 1st Edition
    • Kenneth C Land + 1 more
    • English
    Multidimensional Mathematical Demography is a collection of papers dealing with the problems of inaccurate or unavailable demographic data, transformation of data into probabilities, multidimensional population dynamic models, and the problems of heterogeneity. The papers suggest a unified perspective with emphasis on data structure to work out multidimensional analysis with incomplete data. To solve inaccuracies in data, one paper notes that designs and use of model multistate schedules, for example, methods of inferring data, should be a major part in multistate modeling. Other papers discuss the state-of-the-art in abridged increment-decrement life table methodology. They also describe the estimation of transition probabilities in increment-decrement life tables where mobility data available is from the count of movers from a population survey. One paper reviews the possible extension of a multiregional stochastic theorem associated in a single-regional case; and then analyzes what the stochastic model needs when it is used with real data. Another paper explains strategies concerning population heterogeneity when it pertains to the mixtures of Markov and semi-Markov processes; Markov processes subject to measurement error; and the Heckman and Borjas model. This collection can be read profitably by statisticians, mathematicians, mathematical demographers, mathematical sociologists, economists, professionals in census bureaus, and students of sociology or geography.

  • Postwar Fertility Trends and Differentials in the United States

    • 1st Edition
    • Ronald R. Rindfuss + 1 more
    • H. H. Winsborough
    • English
    Postwar Fertility Trends and Differentials in the United States examines fertility trends and levels within social and economic subgroups in the United States. The major portion of the book deals with the time period 1945-1969; the last chapter extends the findings through the first half of the 1970s. The study is based on data made available by the release of the 1-in-a-100 Public Use Samples from the 1960 and 1970 United States Censuses. This book is the first comprehensive study of socioeconomic fertility trends and differentials to use these Public Use Samples. The book opens with a chapter that presents annual estimates of age-specific fertility rates by educational attainment of women and by race for the period 1945-1969. Separate chapters then examine the pattern of differentials in recent fertility in the late 1950s and the late 1960s for the U.S. population as a whole; changing fertility during the period 1955-1969; and differentials in fertility within and among members of various racial and ethnic minorities. Subsequent chapters deal with rural fertility trends and differentials; the effect of migration on fertility; and the similarity of all social and economic groups with respect to fertility trends.

  • Children's Social Behavior

    Development, Assessment, and Modification
    • 1st Edition
    • Phillip S. Strain + 2 more
    • English
    Children's Social Behavior: Development, Assessment, and Modification presents the principal aspects of social developmental study of children; assessment methodology and techniques; and changes in the behavioral targets of intervention and in the nature of interventions. The articles in the book deal with various subjects related to the study of children's social behavior. Topics discussed include the interdependence and interplay between biological and social forces on the child's developing social repertoire; causative factors that influence peer interaction deficits; sociometric procedures and direct observation assessment methods; and issues associated with target behavior selection and the selection of intervention tactics. Psychologists, educators, ethologists, anthropologists, psychiatrists, and sociologists will find the book invaluable.

  • Knowledge and Inference

    • 1st Edition
    • Makoto Nagao
    • English
    Knowledge and Inference discusses an important problem for software systems: How do we treat knowledge and ideas on a computer and how do we use inference to solve problems on a computer? The book talks about the problems of knowledge and inference for the purpose of merging artificial intelligence and library science. The book begins by clarifying the concept of ""knowledge"" from many points of view, followed by a chapter on the current state of library science and the place of artificial intelligence in library science. Subsequent chapters cover central topics in the artificial intelligence: search and problem solving, methods of making proofs, and the use of knowledge in looking for a proof. There is also a discussion of how to use the knowledge system. The final chapter describes a popular expert system. It describes tools for building expert systems using an example based on Expert Systems—A Practical Introduction by P. Sell (Macmillian, 1985). This type of software is called an ""expert system shell."" This book was written as a textbook for undergraduate students covering only the basics but explaining as much detail as possible.

  • Great Figures in the Labour Movement

    The Commonwealth and International Library: History Division
    • 1st Edition
    • J. N. Evans
    • G. M. D. Howat
    • English
    Great Figures in the Labour Movement is a historical account of ten leading persons involved in the British Labor Movement. The book describes great personalities of the labor movement and their contributions to the movement. The ideas of Robert Owen can be considered Utopian but he makes some Socialist dogmas practicable in British industry. William Morris adds beauty and art to the Socialist Movement. The founder of the Labor Party, Keir Hardie, leads the common worker out from eternal bondage. If there are thinkers and idealists, Tom Mann is considered an agitator; his parliament is in the factories and street corners. The book also gives credence to Beatrice and Sydney Webb, who believe that change is possible through political and social opportunism or what is today known as influence or lobbying. George Lansbury is the propagandist for Socialism. His work on the Poor Law has improved the living conditions of the poor, and becomes a personification of the ideals of the Labor Party. Amidst all such greatness, the book describes a man synonymous with treachery to the Labor Movement—Ramsay Macdonald. He sacrifices his principles to get adulations of greatness. Clement Attlee becomes the man who can steer the Labor Movement in the center, between those who want the Socialist rebels to fail and those who want the rebels to succeed. Herbert Morrison is known as the ""Labor's apostle to the Middle Classes,"" while Aneurin Bevan is considered as a statesman. English politicians and political science and history students will find this book entertaining and informative.

  • The Summary Report

    Special Edition with the Environment Projections and the Government Projections and the Government's Global Model
    • 1st Edition
    • Gerald O. Barney
    • English
    The Global 2000 Report to the President of the U.S.: Entering the 21st Century, Volume I: The Summary Report focuses on the Global 2000 Study, particularly noting the issues on the environment, population, and natural resources. The book first offers information on the findings and conclusions of the study and environment projections. Topics include water, energy, and forestry projections and the environment; climate changes and the environment; and gross national product (GNP) projections and the environment. The manuscript then examines the “Government's Global Model,“ including the analysis of the foundation, interpretation of projections, and strengthening the foundation. The text examines the elements of the ""Government's Global Model."" These include population, GNP, climate, technology, food, fisheries, forestry, water, energy, and fuel minerals. The book also surveys some of the studies and task forces whose findings might be helpful to those trying to provide methods and instructions in support of decision-making for international efforts in population, resources, and the environment. The manuscript will surely serve readers interested in the study of international efforts on population, resources, and the environment.

  • Research and Human Needs

    • 1st Edition
    • Augusto Forti + 1 more
    • English
    Research and Human Needs considers the interrelationship between scientific research, human needs, and economic order. This book is composed of 15 chapters and starts with an overview of the priorities for scientific research, including the fields of bioscience, technology, and research applied to national needs. Other chapters provide an example of an interdisciplinary course on science and human needs. These topics are followed by discussions of information development through information popularization and the popularization of scientific research through human needs. The final chapters cover topics such as the quality of human life, and human rights and needs. This book is of value to researchers and non-specialist readers.

  • A Life Full of Meaning

    Some Suggestions and Some Material for the Future Training of Youth Leaders
    • 1st Edition
    • R. W. J. Keeble
    • English
    A Life Full of Meaning: Some Suggestions and Some Material for the Future Training of Youth Leaders is an attempt at comprehensive thinking about the training of youth leaders. There are two key words, "training" and "leaders", and both are capable of several meanings. For many, "training" implies the learning of routines of universal application, short cuts, techniques, and drill. But techniques, though often important, are never enough in human situations; here, personal quality counts supremely and. The author emphasizes the continued personal growth of the leader and encourages thoughtful attitudes and sensitive understanding. Equally, "leadership" is not something unitary and constant. The book interprets in contemporary terms what is meant by training and leadership for youth workers, what is involved in terms of experience, skill, study, and reflection. This book will prove to be a valuable stimulus and guide to all who have at heart the interests of the Youth Service.

  • London Docklands

    Urban Design in an Age of Deregulation
    • 1st Edition
    • Brian C. Edwards
    • English
    London Docklands: Urban Design in an Age of Deregulation discusses the process and products of the first 10 years of the London Docklands. The book is comprised of 10 chapters that are organized into three parts. The first part talks about the potentials of the London Docklands. The second part presents the area of studies, which are the Isle of Dogs, Surrey Docks, Wapping, and the Royal Docks. The last part deals with the observations and speculations. The text will be a great source to urban planners, particularly those who are involved in projects that deal with cities that are in close proximity to large bodies of water.

  • Strategic Planning in London

    The Rise and Fall of the Primary Road Network
    • 1st Edition
    • Douglas A. Hart
    • English
    Strategic Planning in London: The Rise and Fall of the Primary Road Network examines the relationship between order and change in the urban planning process. Focusing on the planning of Greater London during 1943 to 1973, the book describes how strategic road planning and urban order has changed over this period. The text analyzes why the large-scale planning of high-speed major roads in Greater London has failed. Chapter 1 examines traditional master planning and disjointed incrementalism and outlines a conceptual model based on an iterative approach to urban planning. Chapter 2 considers the way in which traffic congestion in Greater London was defined in the late 1950s and early 1960s. Chapter 3 and 4 describes Abercombrie-Buchanan approach to highway and urban and planning. Chapter 5 points out the ways in which the concept of traffic congestion was broadened in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Finally, Chapter 6 focuses on the control mechanisms used in the planning period from 1943 to 1973. This book will be of interest to engineers who are seeking a comprehensive analysis of strategic planning.

  • Networks of Collective Action

    A Perspective on Community Influence Systems
    • 1st Edition
    • Edward O. Laumann + 1 more
    • Peter H. Rossi
    • English
    Networks of Collective Action: A Perspective on Community Influence Systems develops a theoretically informed research framework for the structural analysis of social systems. To this end, special attention is given to two fundamental issues in structural analysis: First, how does one most usefully define or identify the elementary units, be they individuals, corporate actors, or population subgroups, that comprise a given social system, and in what ways should these elementary units be characterized or differentiated from one another? And, second, what are the relational modalities by which these actors are linked to one another in ways that are relevant to understanding how their individual preferences and behavior are coordinated or integrated with one another for purposes of collective action (i.e., to achieve collective goals)? The book is organized into three main parts. Part I describes the research site and its environmental context, and then makes a structural analysis of the internal social and value differentiation of the population subsystem. Part II focuses on the elite subsystem and on its role in resolving specific community controversies. Part III turns to a topic often neglected in studying democratically legitimized influence systems: the systematic theoretical and empirical characterization of the relationships between the elite and the population subsystems in the community.

  • Aid to Africa

    An Appraisal of U.K. Policy for Aid to Africa South of the Sahara
    • 1st Edition
    • I. M. D. Little
    • English
    Aid to Africa is concerned with aid to Africa south of the Sahara, excluding the Republic of South Africa, an area containing 188 million persons, only about 13 per cent of the inhabitants of all underdeveloped areas. Particular attention is given to British aid policy, and hence with the fifteen UK and ex-UK territories, which receive almost all British aid to Africa south of the Sahara. They also account for half of the world total of UK aid. The first three chapters deal with certain problems of African economies which need to be appreciated as a background to aid policy. These include population growth and the problem of absorptive capacity. The next four chapters focus on aid and aid policy, covering the use of aid and its supervision, donors' policies, UK aid policy, and technical assistance. The final chapter draws some conclusions. Among these is that the emphasis of aid to Africa needs to shift to agriculture and rural development. Partly for this reason, the UK should enter more closely into the design of projects and the operation of programs.

  • Action with the Elderly

    A Handbook for Relatives and Friends
    • 1st Edition
    • Kenneth M. G. Keddie
    • English
    Action with the Elderly: A Handbook for Relatives and Friends contains practical advice that will help the elderly citizens adjust in this mobile, technological, and rapidly changing society. This handbook describes the services it offers as complementing the qualities of a ""good doctor, the good priest, the good neighbor, and even the qualities of the good parent."" The text addresses the value of independence in old age, with some case studies to drive the point. The book explains rendering help in a personal way through visits, conversation, or reading; the text likewise offers tips on helping in practical ways such as cooking, memory compensation, and offers of appropriate and nourishing food. The book lists and explains other ways of caring such as maintenance of the home, appropriate health concerns, and communications. The text lists organizations and persons responsible for the elderly. The family doctor, voluntary organizations, and churches all contribute to the well-being of the elderly. The book then discusses the problems of the elderly such as psychological changes or bereavement. This handbook also offers advice on how to deal with serious mental disturbances, for example, depression, delirium, paranoia, or senility. This book will prove its worth to relatives, friends, caregivers, voluntary workers, social workers, religious ministers, and administrators of home for the aged institutions.

  • Fools and Heroes

    The Changing Role of Communist Intellectuals in Czechoslovakia
    • 1st Edition
    • Peter Hruby
    • English
    Fools and Heroes: The Changing Role of Communist Intellectuals in Czechoslovakia details two crucial years of 1948 and 1968 that marked the climax of contradictory developments, namely, the acceptance and repudiation of Soviet ideology and statecraft. Organized into three parts, this book begins with the class struggle and moral problems in Czechoslovakia. Subsequent part explores the economic problems and social history of the nation. The search for truth in terms of history, philosophy, and politics is also addressed.

  • Railroads and Land Grant Policy

    A Study in Government Intervention
    • 1st Edition
    • Lloyd J. Mercer
    • English
    Railroads and Land Grant Policy: A Study in Government Intervention attempts to replace a major part of the railroad land grant legend (according to which the granting of federal and state land to private railroad firms benefitted these firms more than it contributed to society as a whole) with some real numbers and analysis. An attempt is made to put the income and wealth distribution impact of the railroad land grants in perspective, but thorough analysis of this issue is not undertaken. The primary question this study does try to illuminate is that of the effect of the railroad land grants on economic efficiency. This emphasis was chosen because it seems clear that improvement of economic efficiency was the major goal that Congress and various state legislatures sought to attain, and thus the examination of economic efficiency questions is fundamental to evaluation of railroad land grant policy. This study will not completely replace the railroad land grant legend (because much is not covered here), but it does represent a considerable diminution of that legend.

  • Existing Mechanisms of Arms Control

    • 1st Edition
    • Wayland Young
    • English
    Existing Mechanisms of Arms Control compiles papers about the international control and inspection of weapons. This compilation deals with the analogy, imagination, and experience on arms control or disarmament gained in the operation of existing mechanisms for the international control of warlike materials, principally fissile materials. The topics discussed include Western European Union; United States’ bilateral safeguards system; European Atomic Energy Community; European Nuclear Energy Agency; International Atomic Energy Agency; and conclusion on atoms for peace and atoms for war. This publication is beneficial to students and individuals researching on the international control of weapons.

  • A Forgotten Sector

    The Training of Ancillary Staff in Hospitals
    • 1st Edition
    • Duncan N. Smith
    • English

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