Skip to main content
Elsevier

Books in Physics

Physics titles offer comprehensive research and advancements across the fundamental and applied areas of physical science. From quantum mechanics and particle physics to astrophysics and materials science, these titles drive innovation and deepen understanding of the principles governing the universe. Essential for researchers, educators, and students, this collection supports scientific progress and practical applications across a diverse range of physics disciplines.

  • The Dosimetry of Ionizing Radiation

    Volume III
    • 1st Edition
    • Bozzano G Luisa
    • English
    A continuation of the treatise The Dosimetry of Ionizing Radiation, Volume III builds upon the foundations of Volumes I and II and the tradition of the preceeding treatise Radiation Dosimetry. Volume III contains three comprehensive chapters on the applications of radiation dosimetry in particular research and medical settings, a chapter on unique and useful detectors, and two chapters on Monte Carlo techniques and their applications.

  • Chemical Sensing with Solid State Devices

    • 1st Edition
    • Marc J. Madou + 1 more
    • English
    This book is a lucid presentation for chemists, electrical engineers, surface scientists, and solid-state physicists, of the fundamentals underlying the construction of simple and small chemical sensors. The first part of the book is a review of the theoretical background in solid state physics, chemistry and electronics. Semiconductor and solid electrolyte bulk models are reviewed as well as solid/gas and solid/liquid interface models. Membranes and catalysis theory are also covered expansively. The second part is a discussion of more complete sensor devices, their essential components, and of the important developments in this area over the last fifteen to twenty years. The book provides guidance through the multidisciplinary world of chemical sensors. It should be understandable to students with some training in physics and chemistry and a general knowledge of electronics. Finally, comments on economic considerations in the development of new sensor products and suggestionsfor future research and development should be of value to company R&D planners.

  • Helium Three

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 26
    • L. P. Pitaevskii + 1 more
    • English
    Introducing the subject of superfluid helium three and polarized liquid helium three, this book is devoted to modern problems in many body physics specific to the quantum fluid helium three. Relationships between properties of helium three and topics in other fields are established including superconductivity, non-linear dynamics, acoustics, and magnetically polarized quantum systems.Among the chapters in this collection one finds valuable reference material and original research not published elsewhere. Advanced research topics are presented in a pedagogical manner, in considerable depth, and with appropriate introductory material sufficiently general to be suitable to the non-specialist.

  • Dynamic Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

    • 1st Edition
    • Lloyd Jackman
    • English
    Dynamic Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy provides an overview of the state of knowledge in dynamic nuclear magnetic resonance (DNMR) spectroscopy. The early chapters describe the theoretical basis and practical techniques which have or will be used for extracting kinetic data from DNMR spectra. The subsequent chapters provide reviews of the many areas in which DNMR spectroscopy has been applied. Key topics covered include nuclear exchange processes; band-shape analysis; application of nonselective pulsed NMR experiments: diffusion and chemical exchange; spin-spin relaxation time determination; rotation about single and double bonds in organic molecules; and dynamic molecular processes in inorganic and organometallic compounds. Also discussed are studies on stereochemical nonrigidity in organometallic and metal carbonyl compounds; fluxional allyl complexes; carbonium ion rearrangements; and proton transfer processes. It is hoped that this volume will provide a literature guide, source book, and progress report which will be helpful to all those who will continue or will begin work in this field.

  • Metallurgical Coatings and Thin Films 1992

    • 1st Edition
    • G.E. McGuire + 2 more
    • English
    One of the increasingly important requirements for high technology materials is that they possess near-surface properties different to their bulk properties. Specific surface properties are generally achieved through the use of these films or coatings or by modifying the structure or composition of the near surface. This two-volume work contains 157 papers covering a wide range of topics involving films, coatings, and modified surfaces. All aspects of the development of deposition technologies are addressed including basic research, applied research, applications development and full scale industrial production. The work will be of interest to materials scientists, physicists, electronic, chemical and mechanical engineers, and chemists.

  • Muon Physics

    Electromagnetic Interactions
    • 1st Edition
    • Vernon Hughes
    • English
    Muon Physics, Volume I: Electromagnetic Interactions deals with the electromagnetic interaction of muon as well as its static properties. The validity tests of quantum electrodynamics (QED) in the simple muonic system such as muonium, muonic hydrogen, and heavier muonic atoms are discussed. Possible tests of QED at much higher energy and large momentum transfers are also considered. An explanation of the unified gauge theories of electromagnetic and weak interactions in very simple and easily understandable terms is included as well. This volume is comprised of four chapters and begins with a historical overview of the muon, from its discovery and that of π and μ mesons to advances in understanding the vital roles played by the muon in almost every field of physics. The next chapter explores the electromagnetic properties of the muon and looks at experimental and theoretical developments concerning its static properties and electromagnetic interactions. The third chapter is concerned with the physics of the muonic atom and describes experimental methods for investigating the production of muonic atoms; charge distribution in spherical nuclei; the density of electrons in the atom; electric quadrupole and magnetic dipole interactions between the muon and the nucleus; and intensities of muonic transitions. The final chapter is devoted to cosmic-ray muons and emphasizes the character of very high-energy nucleon-nucleon interactions, together with the properties of the electromagnetic and weak interactions at very high energies. This book is written primarily for physicists as well as students and researchers in physics.

  • Experimental neutron resonance spectroscopy

    • 1st Edition
    • J Harvey
    • English
    Experimental Neutron Resonance Spectroscopy deals with the experimental technique of neutron resonance spectroscopy. Pulsed accelerator time-of-flight spectrometers and gamma rays from neutron capture in resonances are discussed. Total neutron cross section measurements are presented, along with neutron scattering and capture cross-section measurements and measurements on fissile nuclides. This book is comprised of five chapters and begins with an introduction to pulsed accelerator time-of-flight spectrometers with moderated continued neutron spectra, together with the pulsed Van De Graaff. Experimental techniques used for neutron cross section measurements, including detectors and data acquisition equipment, are then outlined. Scattering measurements and capture measurements as well as gamma-ray spectra from the capture of neutrons in resonances are considered. The final chapter focuses on the detailed and varied experiments that have been performed on the complicated fission process, together with the parameters of the resonances of the fissile nuclides. This monograph will be a useful resource for spectroscopists and physicists.

  • The Nuclear Overhauser Effect

    • 1st Edition
    • Joseph Noggle
    • English
    The Nuclear Overhauser Effect aims to provide a unified treatment of both the theory and applications of the NOE that would be accessible to the chemist who is not a specialist in NMR, but who would nevertheless like to use the NOE to solve problems in his own area of interest. Assuming only that the reader has a typical chemist's working knowledge of NMR, an attempt is made to present the results in each section in a sufficiently simple form so that little mathematical sophistication will be required to apply them with understanding. This book comprises eight chapters, and begins with a focus on nuclear spin-lattice relaxation. The following chapters then discuss mechanisms of spin-lattice relaxation; the nuclear overhauser effect in rigid molecules; the effects of internal motions; experimental methods; transient methods; the effects of chemical exchange; and applications of the nuclear overhauser effect, with a review of available literature. This book will be of interest to practitioners in the fields of chemistry and physics.

  • Quantum Tunnelling in Condensed Media

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 34
    • Yu. Kagan + 1 more
    • English
    The essays in this book deal with of the problem of quantum tunnelling and related behavior of a microscopic or macroscopic system, which interacts strongly with an "environment" - this being some form of condensed matter. The "system" in question need not be physically distinct from its environment, but could, for example, be one particular degree of freedom on which attention is focussed, as in the case of the Josephson junction studied in several of the papers. This general problem has been studied in many hundreds, if not thousands, of articles in the literature, in contexts as diverse as biophysics and quantum cosmology. The editors have grouped together papers which are representative of the main trends in this area in the last fifteen years or so and sufficiently related in general spirit and terminology that common themes can be discerned. The contributions are primarily theoretical, but the comparison with experiment is discussed wherever possible.

  • Hadrons and Their Interactions

    Current and Field Algebra, Soft Pions, Supermultiplets, and Related Topics
    • 1st Edition
    • A Zichichi
    • English
    Hadrons and Their Interactions: Current and Field Algebra, Soft Pions, Supermultiplets, and Related Topics focuses on formulas, principles, and interactions involved in the study of physics. The compilation contains the papers presented at the ""Ettore Majorana,"" held in Erice on July 1-14, 1967. Divided into three parts with 22 chapters, the compilation focuses first on lectures on soft pions; the method of phenomenological lagrangians and algebra of fields; and radiative corrections to beta decay and the structure of hadrons. The second part focuses on seminars. The areas covered include a review of coherent production in strong interactions; spontaneous breakdown and the weak interaction angle; and the symmetries of the S-matrix. The concluding part also focuses on lectures, including lectures on the present status of the fundamental interactions; a pedagogical exercise in binning and resolution; and the pomeranchuk affair and twisting trajectories. The compilation is a valuable source of data for readers and physicists wanting to explore the interactions of hadrons.

  • Electron-Molecule Interactions and Their Applications

    • 1st Edition
    • L Christophorou
    • English
    Electron-Molecule Interactions and Their Applications, Volume 1 presents a comprehensive account of electron-molecule interactions in high- and ultra-high-pressure gases and liquids. Topics covered include elastic scattering of electrons by molecules; excitation, ionization, and dissociation of molecules by electron impact; electron-molecule resonances; and electron attachment and detachment processes. This volume is comprised of seven chapters and begins with a discussion on non-resonant elastic scattering and rotational excitation of molecules by electrons, followed by a review of non-resonant vibrational and electronic excitation. The reader is then introduced to resonance effects in electron scattering; electron-induced ionization and dissociation of molecules; and electron-molecule resonances. The ionization mechanisms and types of ions produced are highlighted, along with differential ionization cross sections. The final two chapters focus on electron attachment and detachment processes, paying particular attention to modes of electron capture by molecules such as via negative-ion resonant states. The collisional dynamics for a few selected atomic reactants are also described. Physicists will find this book extremely helpful.

  • Applications of Piezoelectric Quartz Crystal Microbalances

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 7
    • C. Lu + 1 more
    • English
    Applications of Piezoelectric Quartz Crystal Microbalances deals with the theory, design, artifacts, and varied applications of the piezoelectric quartz crystal microbalance. Applications of microbalances range from thin film deposition process control to simultaneous measurement of mass and temperature, analytical chemistry, and space system contamination studies. Stress effects in microbalances are also considered. Comprised of 10 chapters, this volume begins with a historical background and overview of applications of piezoelectric quartz crystal microbalances, followed by an analysis of the theory and practice of microbalances. The role of acoustic impedance in a quartz crystal microbalance and design considerations for a microbalance are given emphasis. Subsequent chapters focus on applications of microbalances in thin film deposition process control; simultaneous measurement of mass and temperature; surface science and analytical chemistry; plasma-assisted etching and space system contamination studies; and aerosol mass measurement. This monograph will be of interest to students and practitioners of physics, chemistry, and materials science.

  • Liquid Semiconductors

    • 1st Edition
    • Melvin Cutler
    • English
    Liquid Semiconductors explores the status of the subject area's field for the purpose of being a reference to future studies and investigations. Although the main area of interest here is the electronic behavior of liquid semiconductors, the book still includes basic concepts and information, thus serving as a complete source of information in the subject area. The book is organized according to the state of development of the field. After an introductory chapter, the contents of the book are divided under three major sections. The first section (Chapters 2-4) focuses on a systematic review of experimental information and attempts to answer some of the basic questions about the field. The next section (Chapters 5-6) explores the experimental behavior, specifically the theoretical basis in its interpretation. The final section (Chapters 7-8) examines existing information regarding liquid semiconductors in terms of existing theories and concepts in order to come up with specific conclusions. This book caters to both students and scholars in the field of physics or chemistry (specifically condensed matter). Readers with a general interest in the subject area can also use the book as reference.

  • Vibrational Properties of Solids

    • 1st Edition
    • Gideon Gilat
    • English
    Methods in Computational Physics, Volume 15: Vibrational Properties of Solids explores the application of computational methods to delineate microscopic vibrational behavior. This book is composed of nine chapters that further illustrate the utility of these methods to ordered lattices, quantum solids, impurity modes, surface modes, and amorphous solids. The opening chapters present the basic theoretical models and their computational aspects for different solids of diverse chemical nature, together with some methods of automation and computation in the highly sophisticated experiments in inelastic scattering of neutrons. These topics are followed by a discussion on how group theoretical methods treated by computers can yield the proper symmetry assignments of phonon eigenvalues and eigenstates. Considerable chapters are devoted to the different applications of traditional lattice dynamics, each having its own computational ramification. Other chapters survey the properties of solids that mostly involve integrations over the Brillouin zone. The last chapter concerns the dynamic or time-dependent aspect of lattice dynamics, namely, the calculation of thermal and electric conductivities in some models of solids. This book is of great benefit to geoscientists, physicists, and mathematicians.

  • Physical and Applied Acoustics

    An Introduction
    • 1st Edition
    • Erwin Meyer
    • English
    Physical and Applied Acoustics: An Introduction explores the mechanical-acoustica... or acoustical-electrica... analogies that are based on common theoretical relationships. This book is composed of 11 chapters that discuss the theory, experiment, and technological applications of physical and applied acoustics. The introductory chapters deal with the sound wave propagation in liquids and gases, as well as the statistical theory of room acoustics. These topics are followed by discussions on sound absorption in different medium; the concept of sound radiation pressure; directional characteristics of sound sources; measurement and calibration of acoustics; and the fundamental physical and psychological facts of acoustics. The subsequent chapters cover the use of electroacoustics for the transmission of speech and music. A chapter examines the production and detection of extremely high-frequency sound, called quantum acoustics. The concluding chapter highlights the interaction phenomena between sound and flow in a medium.

  • Neutron Cross Sections

    Neutron Resonance Parameters and Thermal Cross Sections, Part A: Z=1-60
    • 1st Edition
    • S Mughabghab
    • English
    Neutron Cross Sections, Volume 1: Neutron Resonance Parameters and Thermal Cross Sections, Part A represents the fourth edition of what was previously known as BNL-325, Neutron Cross Sections, Volume 1. This three-chapter book provides the extensive list of detailed individual resonance parameters for each isotope. The first chapter deals with the thermal cross sections and average resonance parameters, as well as the physics of thermal and resonance neutrons, with particular emphasis on evaluation methods. This chapter also includes tables of standards of capture cross sections and scattering lengths, and commonly used nuclear physics formulas. The second chapter covers the direct or valence capture and the Brink-Axel treatment of electric dipole radiation. These topics are followed by a discussion on spin-dependent scattering lengths that are of interest to solid state. The third chapter describes the Maxwellian 30-keV capture cross sections that are of importance to studies of nucleosynthesis and age of the universe. This chapter also examines the s- and p-wave average radiative widths and gamma-ray strength functions that are required in capture cross section measurements. This book will appeal to nuclear and astrophysicists.

  • Nonlinear System Analysis

    • 1st Edition
    • Austin Blaquiere
    • English
    Nonlinear System Analysis focuses on the study of systems whose behavior is governed by nonlinear differential equations. This book is composed of nine chapters that cover some problems that play a major role in engineering and physics. The opening chapter briefly introduces the difference between linear and nonlinear systems. Considerable chapters are devoted to engineering and physics related problems and their applications to particle accelerators, frequency measurements, and masers. Included in these chapters are important practical problems, such as synchronization, stability of systems with periodic coefficients, and effect of random disturbances. The remaining chapters examine random fluctuations of the motion and self-oscillators. This book is intended primarily for engineers and physicists.

  • Radiometric Calibration: Theory and Methods

    • 1st Edition
    • Clair Wyatt
    • English
    Radiometric Calibration: Theory and Methods contains an engineering development of the theories and methods of radiometric calibration. This book is organized into 18 chapters. Chapters I to V present an introduction to nomenclature, radiation geometry, and blackbody radiation that serves to simplify the discussion of the calibration theory. The rest of the chapters provide the theory of sensor calibration, reviewing numerous examples in which laboratory equipment and specific techniques are described. Algorithms are also covered for digital computer processing as appropriate for each functional aspect of sensor characterization. This publication is intended for engineers and applied physicists concerned with sensor calibration and the interpretation of sensor data.

  • University Physics

    • 1st Edition
    • George Arfken
    • English
    University Physics provides an authoritative treatment of physics. This book discusses the linear motion with constant acceleration; addition and subtraction of vectors; uniform circular motion and simple harmonic motion; and electrostatic energy of a charged capacitor. The behavior of materials in a non-uniform magnetic field; application of Kirchhoff's junction rule; Lorentz transformations; and Bernoulli's equation are also deliberated. This text likewise covers the speed of electromagnetic waves; origins of quantum physics; neutron activation analysis; and interference of light. This publication is beneficial to physics, engineering, and mathematics students intending to acquire a general knowledge of physical laws and conservation principles.

  • Photodetectors and Fiber Optics

    • 1st Edition
    • Hari Singh Nalwa
    • English
    Photodetectors and Fiber Optics is an outgrowth of the recently published 10-volume set Handbook of Advanced Electronic and Photonic Materials and Devices. The objective of this book is to present a highly coherent coverage of photodetectors and optical fibers. This book overs a broad spectrum of photodetectors, including types of materials, their fabrication, physical properties, and industrial applications. Many industries around the world are engaged in developing fiber optics technology for the new millennium. The applications of photodetectors in fiber optics and the role of optical fibers in present communication technology are extensively discussed.

  • Continuum Physics

    Mixtures and EM field Theories
    • 1st Edition
    • A Eringen
    • English
    Continuum Physics, Volume III: Mixtures and EM Field Theories discusses the field theories for bodies composed of different substances, such as mixtures and interaction of electromagnetic effects with the deformable bodies. This book aims to present the mathematical foundations of nonlinear mechanical, electrical, and magnetic phenomena that take place in mixtures and materially uniform bodies. This volume consists of three parts. Part I is devoted to the development of the theory of mixtures, including kinematics, balance laws, and constitutive equations for bodies consisting of several different substances. Part II is concerned with the mechanics of deformable bodies interacted by electromagnetic fields. The deformation produced by EM fields, EM fields resulting from the deformation of bodies, and plethora of other physical phenomena arising from mechanical and EM interactions are also covered. Micromagnetism is covered in Part III, including considerations arising from the interaction of strong magnetic fields with the inner structure of the body. This publication is valuable to students and researchers interested in mixtures and EM field theories.

  • Statistical Mechanics, Kinetic theory, and Stochastic Processes

    • 1st Edition
    • C.V. Heer
    • English
    Statistical Mechanics, Kinetic Theory, and Stochastic Processes presents the statistical aspects of physics as a "living and dynamic" subject. In order to provide an elementary introduction to kinetic theory, physical systems in which particle-particle interaction can be neglected are considered. Transport phenomena in the free-molecular flow region for gases and the transport of thermal radiation are discussed. Discrete random processes such as random walk, binomial and Poisson distributions, and throwing of dice are studied by means of the characteristic function. Comprised of 11 chapters, this book begins with an introduction to the mass point gas as well as some elementary properties of space and velocity distributions. The discussion then turns to radiation and its interaction with an atom; probability, statistics, and conditional probability; intermolecular interactions; transport phenomena; and statistical thermodynamics. Molecular systems at low densities are also considered, together with non-ideal and real gases; liquids and solids; and stochastic processes, noise, and fluctuations. In particular, the response of atoms and molecules to perturbations and scattering by crystals, liquids, and high-pressure gases are examined. This monograph will be useful for undergraduate students, practitioners, and researchers in physics.

  • Thermophysics of Spacecraft and Planetary Bodies

    • 1st Edition
    • Gerhard Heller
    • English
    Progress in Astronautics and Aeronautics, Volume 20: Thermophysics of Spacecraft and Planetary Bodies: Radiation Properties of Solids and the Electromagnetic Radiation Environment in Space is a collection of technical papers drawn mainly from the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Thermophysics Specialist Conference, held in New Orleans on April 17-20, 1967. This volume is organized into six part encompassing 45 chapters that offer a selection of the most advanced studies in the dynamic field of thermophysics. Part I deals with radiation properties of solid state materials and the measuring techniques in the laboratory, while Part II describes the thermophysical properties of surfaces used for spacecraft. The papers of Part II also include solid state physics studies of the processes involved in the interaction of UV radiation with solids. Part III discusses the results of thermal flight experiments and on the radiation characteristics of planetary bodies, followed by topics on general radiative properties and the measurements of radiative properties of natural surfaces from satellites in Part IV. Part V contains papers on thermal similitude and on the closely related subject of radiant heat transfer analysis of thermal systems. Lastly, Part VI focuses on the heat transfer within the spacecraft under the conditions of space environment, specifically conductive and radiative transfer. This book is of great value to thermophysicists, space engineers and designers, as well as researchers in the fields of astronautics and aeronautics.

  • Relativity Reexamined

    • 1st Edition
    • Mohhamad Reza Kiani
    • English
    Relativity Reexamined examines relativity from a new angle and with an unconventional perspective. Topics covered range from quantum theory and relativity to gravitation and relativity quantized atomic clocks, as well as special relativity Doppler effect and spherical symmetry. A distinction is also made between mathematical coordinates and physical frames of reference. This book is comprised of eight chapters and begins by considering the development of scientific theories in general, citing examples to show how scientists' viewpoints have progressively changed. Some of the problems that have emerged, and which even Albert Einstein was unable to foresee, are highlighted. The first chapter reviews the historical sequence of events that led to quantum theory and relativity, while the second chapter focuses on some problems about restricted relativity, paying particular attention to the meaning of potential energy and the importance of field theory in relativistic theories. The following chapters analyze a variety of experimental evidences that challenge many basic assumptions in theoretical physics, focusing on the fundamental importance of the Mössbauer effect and of atomic clocks; the link between gravitation and relativity; classical problems of theoretical mechanics; and special relativity Doppler effect. A gravistatic problem with spherical symmetry is also described. This monograph will be of interest to physicists and students of physics.

  • Nonlinear Surface Electromagnetic Phenomena

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 29
    • H.-E. Ponath + 1 more
    • English
    In recent years the physics of electromagnetic surface phenomena has developed rapidly, evolving into technologies for communications and industry, such as fiber and integrated optics. The variety of phenomena based on electromagnetism at surfaces is rich and this book was written with the aim of summarizing the available knowledge in selected areas of the field.The book contains reviews written by solid state and optical physicists on the nonlinear interaction of electromagnetic waves at and with surfaces and films. Both the physical phenomena and some potential applications are dealt with. Included are discussions of nonlinear wave mixing on films and surfaces, second harmonic generation in waveguides and at surfaces, nonlinear waves guided by dielectric and semiconductor surfaces and films, surface gratings formed by high energy laser beams, and reflection and transmission switching of strong beams onto nonlinear surfaces. Chapters on light scattering from surface excitations and magnetic order-disorder and orientational phase transitions complete this essential contribution to the modern optics literature.

  • Surfaces and Interfaces: Physics and Electronics

    • 1st Edition
    • R.S. Bauer
    • English
    Surfaces and Interfaces: Physics and Electronics covers the proceedings of the second Trieste ICTP-IUPAP Semiconductor Symposium, conducted at the International Center for Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy on August 30 to September 3, 1982. The book focuses on the processes, methodologies, reactions, and approaches involved in semiconductor physics. The selection first elaborates on the electronic properties and surface geometry of GaAs and ZnO surfaces; electronic structure of Si (III) surfaces; and photoemission studies of surface states on Si (III) 2X1. Discussions focus on consistency of different experiments, relating experiments to a theoretical model, quenching of surface states by hydrogen, inverse photoemission results, and basic data and models of the low-index ZnO surfaces. The text then examines Si (III) 2X1 studies by angle resolved photoemission; electronic surface states at steps in Si (III) 2X1; and a novel method for the study of optical properties of surfaces. The manuscript takes a look at spot profile analysis (LEED) of defects at silicon surfaces; chemisorption-induce... defects at interfaces on compound semiconductors; and surface defects on semiconductors. The microscopic properties and behavior of silicide interfaces, recombination at semiconductor surfaces and interfaces, and dipoles, defects, and interfaces are also discussed. The selection is a highly recommended source of data for physicists and readers wanting to study semiconductor physics.

  • Charged–Particle Reaction List 1948–1971

    • 1st Edition
    • F McGowan
    • English
    Charged-Particle Reaction List 1948-1971 is a guide to experiments on charged-particle-ind... reactions that have been reported in journal literature during the period 1948 to June 1971. This compendium consists of the material from four Reaction Lists which have already appeared in Nuclear Data Tables. Each published article is listed under the target nuclei in the nuclear reactions which it treats. Reactions are denoted by A(a,b)B, where A and B are the target and residual nucleus, respectively; a is the bombarding charged particle and b is the outgoing product particle or particles. The guide also includes a brief information after the reaction designation, namely, the energy E of the bombarding projectile in MeV, a short statement of the type of data that is found in the paper, and a bibliographic information on the paper itself. A symbol THY in the extreme right-hand column denotes the theoretical papers concerned with analysis of nuclear reaction data. For papers dealing with experimental data on energy spectra, the angle of observation of the emerging reaction products, the accelerator, as well as the detector used are given for many entries under the column heading "Quantity Measured." The guide will prove immensely useful for theoretical physicists, nuclear physicists, and molecular physicists.

  • Classical Electromagnetic Radiation

    • 2nd Edition
    • Jerry Marion
    • English
    Classical Electromagnetic Radiation, Second Edition focuses on the classical electrodynamics with emphasis on radiation problems and the wave attributes of the electromagnetic field. This book aims to provide a modern and practically sophisticated mathematical treatment of classical electrodynamics at the undergraduate level. Organized into 13 chapters, this edition starts with an overview of the basic principles of electromagnetism. This text then presents a detailed discussion of Laplace's equation and a treatment of multiple effects, since such material is of considerable significance in the development of radiation theory. Other chapters consider the electromagnetic field equations, which are developed in the time-dependent form. This book discusses as well the subjects of wave propagation in space as well as in material media. The final chapter presents an introduction to relativistic electrodynamics. This book is a valuable resource for physicists, engineers, and readers who are interested in the applications of electrodynamics in modern physics.

  • High Resolution NMR in Solids Selective Averaging

    Supplement 1 Advances in Magnetic Resonance
    • 1st Edition
    • Ulrich Haeberlen
    • English
    High Resolution NMR in Solids: Selective Averaging presents the principles and applications of the four approaches to high resolution NMR in solids — magic-angle sample spinning, multiple-pulse, proton-enhanced nuclear induction, and indirect detection methods. Divided into six chapters, this book initially describes the tensorial properties of nuclear spin interactions in both ordinary and spin spaces. It then deals with the manifestations of nuclear magnetic shielding in NMR spectra of both single-crystal and powder samples, and then discusses the techniques for analyzing spectra and rotation patterns in terms of shielding tensors. A wide range of NMR phenomena that are result of intentional or natural, selective or unselective averaging processes and the average Hamiltonian theory that yields the inclusion of correction are covered. This book also provides a detailed discussion on multiple-pulse sequences intended for high resolution NMR in solids. The concluding chapter examines the applications of multiple-pulse techniques, with particular emphasis on measurements of 19F and 1H shielding tensors. Discussions on rotations of angular momentum operators; time ordering and the Magnus expansion; off-resonance averaging of the second-order dipolar Hamiltonian; and phase transients are covered in the supplemental texts.

  • An Introduction To Solar Radiation

    • 1st Edition
    • Muhammad Iqbal
    • English
    An Introduction to Solar Radiation is an introductory text on solar radiation, with emphasis on the methods of calculation for determining the amount of solar radiation incident on a surface on the earth. Topics covered include the astronomical relationship between the sun and the earth; thermal radiation; the solar constant and its spectral distribution; and extraterrestrial solar irradiation. This book is comprised of 12 chapters and begins with an overview of the trigonometric relationships between the sun-earth line and the position of an inclined surface, followed by a discussion on the characteristics of blackbody radiation. The next chapter focuses on the solar constant and its spectral distribution, paying particular attention to extraterrestrial solar spectral irradiance and the sun's blackbody temperature. Subsequent chapters explore extraterrestrial and radiation incident on inclined planes; the optics of a cloudless-sky atmosphere; solar spectral radiation and total (broadband) radiation under cloudless skies; and solar radiation arriving at horizontal surfaces on the earth through cloudy skies. The ground albedo and its spectral and angular variation are also described, along with insolation on inclined surfaces. The last chapter is devoted to instruments for measuring solar radiation, including pyrheliometers and pyranometers. This monograph will serve as a useful guide for energy analysts, designers of thermal devices, architects and engineers, agronomists, and hydrologists as well as senior graduate students.

  • Thermal Field Theories

    • 1st Edition
    • H. Ezawa + 2 more
    • English
    Theories of quantum fields at non-zero temperature have been steadily developed for well over a decade. In 1988, as a result of the increased demand for communication among theorists working in different fields ranging from condensed matter physics to high energy physics and astrophysics, the first international meeting was organized (the proceedings of which have been published in Physica A 158, 1989). This 2nd workshop covers similar fields, namely equilibrium and non-equilibrium statistical physics, quantum optics, high-temperature gauge-field theories, string theories, statistical theories of gravitation and cosmology. The resulting proceedings reflect the progress made in the respective fields, identify the major common problems and suggest possible directions for their solutions.

  • Holography

    Expanded and Revised from the French Edition
    • 1st Edition
    • M Francon
    • English
    Holography reviews advances in the field of holography and its various applications in areas such as interferometry, microscopy, and acoustics. Topics range from acoustic holography to image multiplexing, formation of images in holography, and holography by computer. Some experiments based on Gabor's holography are also presented. This book is comprised of five chapters and begins with an overview of the fundamentals of holography, with particular reference to spatial and temporal coherence, diffraction at finite and infinite distances, and filtering of spatial frequencies. The reader is then introduced to the principles and applications of holography, focusing on the geometric optics and aberrations of holograms as well as interferometry and microscopy. The following chapters explore how images are produced and reconstructed using a hologram and explain how to detect the differences between two images. Three main types of synthetic holograms are also considered: binary holograms, holograms with several intensity levels, and the holograms called kinoforms. The last chapter is devoted to optical filtering and pattern recognition. This monograph will be of value to physicists and researchers as well as to those interested in how holography works.

  • Seismology: Surface Waves and Earth Oscillations

    • 1st Edition
    • Bruce Bolt
    • English
    Methods in Computational Physics, Volume 11: Seismology: Surface Waves and Earth Oscillations is a five-chapter text that deals with the computational analysis of surface waves and the eigenvibrations of the Earth. Chapter 1 describes the advances in the numerical modeling of geological structures where the appropriate partial differential equations with boundary conditions for heterogeneous materials are solved using an intricate finite difference scheme. Chapter 2 presents the computer techniques of processing seismograms to obtain information on the dispersion of seismic surface waves, while Chapter 3 explains the fast algorithms for computation of eigenvalues in surface wave and terrestrial eigenvibration problems. Chapter 4 presents a competing method, much used in structural engineering and soil mechanics. Chapter 5 is devoted to the propagation of surface waves in layered media, which indicate that density and elasticity vary only in the vertical direction. This chapter also provides the fundamentals and numerical aspects of the theory of seismic surface waves. This book is an invaluable source for seismologists, earthquake engineers, and graduate students.

  • Nuclear Structure

    • 1st Edition
    • William Hornyak
    • English
    Nuclear Structure covers material usually discussed in courses about nuclear structure. The presentation, although recommends and not necessarily requires the reader to have some knowledge of introductory nuclear physics at an elementary or undergraduate level, requires a good knowledge of the elements of quantum mechanics, including an introduction to Dirac theory. The text covers topics such as nucleon-nucleon forces, the boson-exchange model, high-energy electron scattering, and the single particle shell model. Also covered are topics such as single-particle potentials, spin-orbit interactions, the individual-particle model, states of different nuclei, electromagnetic interactions with nuclei, and beta-decay. The book is recommended for nuclear physics students who have background knowledge on nuclear structure and would like to know more about the topic.

  • Optical Bistability: Controlling Light With Light

    • 1st Edition
    • Hyatt Gibbs
    • English
    Optical Bistability: Controlling Light with Light focuses on optical bistability in nonlinear optical systems. Emphasis is on passive (non-laser) systems that exhibit reversible bistability with input intensity as the hysteresis variable, along with the physics and the potential applications of such systems for nonlinear optical signal processing. This book consists of seven chapters and begins with a historical overview of optical bistability in lasers and passive systems. The next chapter describes steady-state theories of optical bistability, including the Bonifacio-Lugiato model, as well as the boundary conditions of an optical cavity and the coupled Maxwell-Bloch equations. Both intrinsic and hybrid experiments are then described, along with light-by-light control, pulse reshaping, and external switching. The transient phenomena that arise either from instabilities in the bistable systems themselves or from fluctuations in the number of nonlinear atoms or in the number of intracavity photons are also considered. The final chapter examines the characteristics and fundamental limitations of an ideal device, the prospect of improving devices by identifying giant nonlinearities, and the utilization of the full power of optics by parallel processing. This monograph is intended for new entrants and active workers in the field of optical bistability.

  • Strongly Coupled Plasma Physics

    • 1st Edition
    • S. Ichimaru
    • English
    Charged particles in dense matter exhibit strong correlations due to the exchange and Coulomb interactions, and thus make a strongly coupled plasma. Examples in laboratory and astrophysical settings include solid and liquid metals, semiconductors, charged particles in lower dimensions such as those trapped in interfacial states of condensed matter or beams, dense multi-ionic systems such a superionic conductors and inertial-confinement... plasmas . The aim of the conference was to elucidate the various physical processes involved in these dense materials. The subject areas covered include plasma physics, atomic and molecular physics, condensed matter physics and astrophysics.

  • Optics of Charged Particles

    • 1st Edition
    • Hermann Wollnik
    • English
    Optics of Charged Particles describes how charged particles move in the main and fringing fields of magnetic or electrostatic dipoles, quadrupoles, and hexapoles using the same type of formulation and consistent nomenclature throughout. This book not only describes the particle trajectories and beam shapes, but also provides guidelines for designing particle optical instruments. The topics discussed include Gaussian optics and transfer matrices, general relations for the motion of charged particles in electromagnetic fields, and quadrupole lenses. The sector field lenses, charged particle beams and phase space, and particle beams in periodic structures are also elaborated. This text likewise considers the fringing fields, image aberrations, and design of particle spectrometers and beam guide lines. This publication is suitable for undergraduate students in physics and mathematics.

  • Inflation and Quantum Cosmology

    • 1st Edition
    • A.D. Linde
    • English
    Inflation and Quantum Cosmology discusses the inflationary universe scenario, including the problems of the standard big bang theory and the interplay between elementary-particle theory and cosmology. Inflationary universe models generate many different final perturbation spectra. For example, a model of an inflationary universe, through a casual mechanism, can predict energy density fluctuations leading to the formation of galaxies. The inflationary universe scenario makes possible simultaneous solutions to ten problems related to cosmology and elementary particle physics. One problem concerns the origin of density perturbations that show a picture of the large-scale structure of the universe. Some unexplored possibilities are related to isothermal perturbations generated during inflation or to adiabatic perturbations with a non-flat spectrum. An inflationary universe cosmology also includes stochastic inflation that describes the universe on very large scales—from fragmented mini-universes to another inflationary cosmos. The book also discusses the problem relating to the initial conditions from which an inflationary universe starts. This book is suitable for astronomers, astrophysicists, and professors of cosmology and cosmogenesis.

  • Macromolecular Physics V2

    • 1st Edition
    • Bernhard Wunderlich
    • English
    Macromolecular Physics, Volume 2: Crystal Nucleation, Growth, Annealing continues the discussion of crystals of linear macromolecules. The text also gives conclusion about the description and formation of crystals. The book covers topics such as the primary, secondary, and tertiary nucleation of crystals; the general growth of crystals; solution and melt crystallization of macromolecules; and the general annealing of crystals. For those who wish to do further reading, the table of contents of Volume 1 is included in the book. The text is recommended for macromolecular physicists, especially those whose focus is on the study of crystals and its different properties.

  • Man's Impact on Climate

    • 1st Edition
    • Wilfred Bach
    • English
    Man’s Impact on Climate provides a technical review of various aspects of climate change. It deals not only with the general aspects of climate change but also with the climate/food and climate/energy interactions. This book is divided into three parts. The first part explores climate history, climate theory, and climate modeling. This part also offers climate models in which results from past climate events can be verified with paleoclimatic methods; hence, they serve as guides for interpreting future climate simulations. The second part deals with the external causes of climate change that are induced by man, such as altering the composition of the atmosphere, adding heat to the system and changing the characteristics of the earth’s surface. The third and last part focuses on the future climate and potential consequences of climatic changes. It also offers a few constructive solutions in reference to the carbon dioxide problem. Scientists and government officials involved in climate research may find this book valuable.

  • Path Integrals and Quantum Processes

    • 1st Edition
    • Mark S. Swanson
    • English
    In a clearly written and systematic presentation, Path Integrals and Quantum Processes covers all concepts necessary to understand the path integral approach to calculating transition elements, partition functions, and source functionals. The book, which assumes only a familiarity with quantum mechanics, is ideal for use as a supplemental textbook in quantum mechanics and quantum field theory courses. Graduate and post-graduate students who are unfamiliar with the path integral will also benefit from this contemporary text. Exercise sets are interspersed throughout the text to facilitate self-study.

  • Magnetism V1

    • 1st Edition
    • George Rado
    • English
    Magnetism, Volume I: Magnetic Ions in Insulators: Their Interactions, Resonances, and Optical Properties summarizes the understanding of magnetically ordered materials. This book contains 12 chapters that specifically tackle the concepts of ferromagnetism, ferrimagnetism, and antiferromagnetism. After briefly dealing with the spin Hamiltonians of typical ions and the interactions between the ions, this book goes on discussing the diverse aspects of ferromagnetism, ferrimagnetism, and antiferromagnetism in insulators as well as in metals. These topics are followed by presentation of abstract quantum mechanical and statistical models and the theory of spin interactions in solids. The other chapters describe the actual magnetic structures and the phenomenology of ferromagnets. This text further considers the fundamentals of neutron diffraction and optical phenomena in magnetically ordered materials. The concluding chapters look into the cooperative phenomena characterized by ordered arrangements of magnetic moments subject to strong mutual interactions. Physicists and magnetism researchers will find this book of great value.

  • Laser Ablation

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 55
    • E. Fogarassy + 2 more
    • English
    This book contains the proceedings of the largest conference ever held on this subject. The strong interest in this field is largely due to the fact that both fundamental aspects of laser-surface interaction as well as applied techniques for thin film generation and patterning were treated in detail by experts from around the world.

  • Inelastic Ion–Surface Collisions

    • 1st Edition
    • N Tolk
    • English
    Inelastic Ion-Surface Collisions is a collection of papers presented at the 1976 International Workshop on Inelastic-Ion-Surfac... Collisions, held at Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, New Jersey. This book contains 12 chapters and begins with the identification and study of the underlying physical mechanisms associated with ionization, neutralization, and excitation responsible for the observed sputtering and particle backscattering outershell inelastic collision phenomena. Other chapters discuss the role of the bulk, the surface, and the near surface interaction regions on the degree of ionization, neutralization, and excitation. The remaining chapters deal with the oscillations in the energy dependence of backscattered ions, wake riding states, and optical polarization effects from beam transmission through tilted foils and from beam particle bombardment of surfaces at grazing incidence. This book is of great value to atomic, solid state, nuclear, surface, chemical, and space physicists.

  • U-Shaped Behavioral Growth

    • 1st Edition
    • Ruth Stavy
    • English
    U-Shaped Behavioral Growth discusses a phenomenon called “U-shaped behavioral growth”, in which some behaviors appear, disappear, and then reappear over time. This book covers structuralist approaches, production system models of information processing, rule systems approach, nativism, and a model of how maturation factors may influence U-shaped behavioral growth. A broad range of content domains that compare where there is and there is no overlap in the understanding of the developmental processes occurring in U-shaped behavioral growth is also included. The domains considered include the development of physical and musical concepts, metaphor production, artistic production, face perception, social cognition, and language acquisition. This publication is a good reference for psychologists, psychiatrists, and medical practitioners conducting work on the U-shaped behavioral growth.

  • Electron-Electron Interactions in Disordered Systems

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 10
    • A.L. Efros + 1 more
    • English
    ``Electron-Electron Interactions in Disordered Systems'' deals with the interplay of disorder and the Coulomb interaction. Prominent experts give state-of-the-art reviews of the theoretical and experimental work in this field and make it clear that the interplay of the two effects is essential, especially in low-dimensional systems.

  • Physical Acoustics V4A

    Principles and Methods
    • 1st Edition
    • Warren P. Mason
    • English
    Physical Acoustics: Principles and Methods, Volume IV, Part A: Applications to Quantum and Solid State Physics provides an introduction for the various applications of quantum mechanics to acoustics by describing several processes for which such considerations are essential. This book explores the magnetic fields applied to metals in the normal state, which have the effect of localizing the interaction between the acoustic waves and the electrons to specific parts of the Fermi surface. Organized into nine chapters, this volume starts with an overview of the transmission of sound waves in semiconducting crystals that are piezoelectric. This text then examines the reactions of nonpiezoelectric semiconductors with electrons through the deformation potential that changes the shape of the Fermi surface. Other chapters consider the amplification of acoustic waves in semiconductors by the application of an electric field. The final chapter examines how measurements can delineate the Fermi surface of monovalent metals. Physicists and engineers will find this book useful.

  • Optical Instruments Pt II

    • 1st Edition
    • Rudolf Kingslake
    • English
    Applied Optics and Optical Engineering, Volume V: Optical Instruments, Part II covers the principles and mode of operation of various optical instruments. This book contains 11 chapters that complete the series of 50 chapters, which provide information on many aspects of applied optics. The opening chapters of this book deal with the principles and properties of dispersing prisms and diffraction gratings. The subsequent chapters describe the principles and polarizing properties of spectrographs, monochromators, and spectrophotometers. Other chapters are devoted to the mode of operation and properties of other optical instruments, such as colorimeters, astronomical telescopes, and military, surveying, tracking, and medical optical instruments. The final chapters examine the fundamentals and applications of ophthalmic instruments and motion picture equipment. This text will be of value to optical scientists, engineers, and researchers.

  • Physical Acoustics V8

    Principles and Methods
    • 1st Edition
    • Warren P. Mason
    • English
    Physical Acoustics: Principles and Methods, Volume VIII discusses a number of themes on physical acoustics that are divided into seven chapters. Chapter 1 describes the principles and applications of a tool for investigating phonons in dielectric crystals, the spin phonon spectrometer. The next chapter discusses the use of ultrasound in investigating Landau quantum oscillations in the presence of a magnetic field and their relation to the strain dependence of the Fermi surface of metals. The third chapter focuses on the ultrasonic measurements that are made by pulsing methods with velocities obtained through phase comparison methods and attenuations obtained through comparing pulse heights for successive reflections. In Chapter 4, methods for measuring the properties of solids and liquids at very high pressures are described. Chapter 5 explores some of the relationships between the thermal equilibrium properties of solids and mechanical properties such as the second- and third-order elastic constants. The sixth chapter discusses the interaction of sound waves with thermal phonons in dielectric crystals and emphasizes the relationship between the various theories proposed and the effect of phonon interactions on the velocity of sound. The last chapter describes the applications to metals and rock mechanics of internal friction at low frequencies due to dislocations. This book is beneficial to students and physicists conducting work on physical acoustics.

  • Thermophysics and Temperature Control of Spacecraft and Entry Vehicles

    • 1st Edition
    • Gerhard Heller
    • English
    Progress in Astronautics and Aeronautics, Volume 18: Thermophysics and Temperature Control of Spacecraft and Entry Vehicles is a selection of technical papers based on two American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics meetings, namely, The Thermophysics Specialist Conference, held in Monterey, California on September 13-15, 1965 and the Third Aerospace Sciences Conference, held in New York on January 1966. This book covers the most important problems of thermophysical research and technology. This volume is composed of six parts encompassing 42 chapters. Part I contains papers on the thermal radiation properties of solids, including measuring techniques for solar reflectance and infrared emittance determination, and a paper on radiative transfer. Part II deals with the lunar and planetary thermal environment and includes research papers on emissivities, reflectivities, and polarization by planetary atmospheres and planetary surfaces. Part III discusses the effects of the space environment on the optical properties of thermal control surfaces. This part also presents results of flight experiments with sensors of environmental effects and flight experience with thermal coatings of satellites. Part IV covers the thermophysical measurements of ablative materials and with the char layers formed during the actual vehicle entry period or during laboratory simulation tests. Part V looks into the two comparatively areas of thermophysics, namely, the thermal similitude (thermal modeling) and interface resistance of joints under space conditions. Part VI summarizes the practical experience in thermal design gained on spacecraft flights. Thermophysicists, space engineers and designers, and research workers who are interested in thermophysical technology will find this book invaluable.

Related subjects