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Elsevier

Books in Physics

Physics titles offer comprehensive research and advancements across the fundamental and applied areas of physical science. From quantum mechanics and particle physics to astrophysics and materials science, these titles drive innovation and deepen understanding of the principles governing the universe. Essential for researchers, educators, and students, this collection supports scientific progress and practical applications across a diverse range of physics disciplines.

  • Fourier Transform Infrared Spectra

    Applications to Chemical Systems
    • 1st Edition
    • John R. Ferraro + 1 more
    • English
    The final and largest volume to complete this four-volume treatise is published in response to the intense commercial and research interest in Fourier Transform Interferometry.Prese... current information from leading experts in the field, Volume 4 introduces new information on, for example, applications of Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy in the Far-Infrared Region. The editors place emphasis on surface studies and address advances in Capillary Gas Chromatography - Fourier Transform Interferometry.Volum... 4 especially benefits spectroscopists and physicists, as well as researchers in physical, analytical, and surface chemistry.FROM THE PREFACE: Several reasons can be cited for the need to publish Volume 4 in this treatise.First, interest in Fourier transform interferometry (FT-IR) has continued. The number of commercial manufacturers of FT-IR instrumentation has increased, reflecting the increase in demand for such instrumentation. The main thrust in FT-IR instrumentation has focused on applications, and many techniques using FT-IR instrumentation have been generated in order to solve problems heretofore unsolvable. The interest in surfaces relative to catalysts, polymers, and electrical conductors has escalated. Three chapters in Volume 4 are devoted to surfaces. Second, the great acceptance of Volumes 1 through 3 and the demand to continue the treatise have induced us to publish Volume 4.The present volume contains nine chapters, making it the largest of the four volumes. Chapter 1 deals with infrared data processing techniques. Chapter 2 concerns itself with circular dichroism*b1FT-IR. Chapter 3 presents an update on GC*b1FT-IR, a rapidly moving field. Chapter 4 deals with the combination of FT-IR and thermal analysis. Advances in coal analyses using FT-IR are presented in Chapter 5. Reflectance studies are highlighted in Chapters 6, 7, and 8. Chapter 6 deals with structural characterizations made with Langmuir*b1Blodgett monolayers. Also in Chapter 6, the extension of DRIFT into the far-infrared region is shown to be feasible and valuable. Reflection*b1absorpt... surface studies (FT-IRRAS) are discussed in Chapter 8. Chapter 9 updates us on photoacoustic spectroscopy*b1FT-IR... of the contributions are made by working experts in these areas. It is the hope that Volume 4 continues in the spirit of the purpose of these volumes, namely, to keep the scientific communities abreast of new developments in FT-IR as applied to chemical systems.

  • Hadamard transform optics

    • 1st Edition
    • Martin Harwit
    • English
    Hadamard Transform Optics focuses on Hadamard transform optics and Hadamard encoded optical instruments. The techniques developed to date are described, and a unified mathematical treatment that should facilitate comparisons between different classes of instruments is presented. With this approach, encoded Hadamard transform spectrometers are discussed in very much the same way as encoded imaging devices. The advantages offered by singly and multiply encoded instruments designed for a wide variety of purposes are also considered. This book is comprised of seven chapters and begins with an introduction to optical multiplexing techniques, as well as the connections with weighing designs, along with the best masks for use in optical instruments and the improvement in signal-to-noise ratio that should be produced by multiplexing. Spectrometers which make use of multiplexing, including the Michelson and Mach-Zehnder interferometers and Golay's multislit spectrometers, are then described. Subsequent chapters deal with the basic theory of Hadamard transform spectrometers and imagers; factors that affect the signal-to-noise ratio; and instrumental considerations and systematic errors in instruments. The final chapter looks at some of the applications of Hadamard transform optics, including image processing and in fields such as astronomy and medicine. This monograph will be a useful resource for physicists.

  • Magnetism And Metallurgy Of Soft Magnetic Materials

    • 1st Edition
    • C.W. Chem
    • English
    Magnetism and Metallurgy of Soft Magnetic Materials consistently and coherently presents the principles underlying the intrinsic and applied properties of soft magnets. This book is divided into two parts, focusing on magnetism and metallurgy. The first part of this book provides the various kinds of magnetism and the fundamental quantities of magnetism, such as magnetic poles, magnetic dipole, magnetic moment, magnetic field and magnetic induction. The second and third chapters focus on the theories of ferromagnetism and ferrimagnetism, as well as their domain structure and magnetization processes. The next chapter deals with the different magnetic properties, such as the intrinsic properties and the two structure-sensitive properties, the static properties and the dynamic properties. The second half of this book deals with the metallurgy and application of soft magnetic materials, such as the pure iron and steels, iron-silicon alloys, nickel-iron alloys, iron-cobalt alloys, ferrites, and thin films. Finally, this book offers special topics on radiation effects and magnetic bubbles and devices.

  • Applications of Piezoelectric Quartz Crystal Microbalances

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 7
    • C. Lu + 1 more
    • English
    Applications of Piezoelectric Quartz Crystal Microbalances deals with the theory, design, artifacts, and varied applications of the piezoelectric quartz crystal microbalance. Applications of microbalances range from thin film deposition process control to simultaneous measurement of mass and temperature, analytical chemistry, and space system contamination studies. Stress effects in microbalances are also considered. Comprised of 10 chapters, this volume begins with a historical background and overview of applications of piezoelectric quartz crystal microbalances, followed by an analysis of the theory and practice of microbalances. The role of acoustic impedance in a quartz crystal microbalance and design considerations for a microbalance are given emphasis. Subsequent chapters focus on applications of microbalances in thin film deposition process control; simultaneous measurement of mass and temperature; surface science and analytical chemistry; plasma-assisted etching and space system contamination studies; and aerosol mass measurement. This monograph will be of interest to students and practitioners of physics, chemistry, and materials science.

  • Shallow Impurity Centers in Semiconductors

    • 1st Edition
    • A. Baldereschi + 1 more
    • English
    Shallow Impurity Centers in Semiconductors presents the proceedings of the Second International Conference on Shallow Impurity Centers/Fourth Trieste IUPAP-ICTP Semiconductor Symposium, held at the International Center for Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, on July 28 to August 1, 1986. The book presents the perspectives of some of the leading scientists in the field who address basic physical aspects and device implications, novel phenomena, recent experimental and theoretical techniques, and the behavior of impurities in new semiconductor materials. Organized into 22 chapters, the book begins with an overview of the early years of shallow impurity states before turning to a discussion of progress in spectroscopy of shallow centers in semiconductors since 1960. It then looks at theoretical and experimental aspects of hydrogen diffusion and shallow impurity passivation in semiconductors, along with optical excitation spectroscopy of isolated double donors in silicon. The book methodically walks the reader through recent research on double acceptors using near-, mid-, and far-infrared spectroscopy, the far-infrared absorption spectrum of elemental shallow donors and acceptors in germanium, and impurity spectra in stress-induced uniaxial germanium using Zeeman spectroscopy. Other papers focus on the theoretical properties of hydrogenic impurities in quantum wells, lattice relaxations at substitutional impurities in semiconductors, shallow bound excitons in silver halides, and the electronic structure of bound excitons in semiconductors. The book concludes with a chapter that reviews picosecond spectroscopy experiments performed in III-V compounds and alloy semiconductors. This volume will be useful to physicists and researchers who are working on shallow impurity centers in semiconductor physics.

  • Clouds Their Formation, Optical Properties, And Effects

    • 1st Edition
    • Peter Hobbs
    • English
    Clouds: Their Formation, Optical Properties, and Effects deals with the formation of clouds as well as the theoretical and experimental aspects of their microphysical and optical properties. Discussions are grouped under the headings of structure of clouds, interaction of passive radiation with clouds, and interaction of active radiation with clouds. This book is organized into three sections and has 11 chapters. After analyzing the spatial and temporal scales involved in the formation and organization of clouds and precipitation, this text examines the microphysical measurement techniques used in probing the microstructure of clouds. The reader is then methodically introduced to the microstructure of atmospheric clouds and precipitation; the formation and structure of fog; and basic shortwave characteristics of “ideal” clouds. The temporal behavior of clouds and their interaction with the radiation field are considered, along with the possible effects of cloud models in general circulation studies. The remaining chapters explore the light scattering properties of ice crystals and the radiative characteristics of ice clouds; the laser measurements in clouds; the transmission and reflectivity of ice clouds by active probing; and the theory of multiple scattering of laser beams in clouds. The book concludes by presenting the measurements of the temporal and spatial spreading of a blue-green pulse through clouds and fogs as a function of optical thickness and receiver field-of-view. This text will be helpful to advanced researchers and program managers in terms of reviewing the state of the art and identifying those areas requiring further research efforts.

  • Handbook on Plasma Instabilities

    • 1st Edition
    • Ferdinand Cap
    • English
    Handbook on Plasma Instabilities, Volume 1 serves as an introduction to the field of plasma physics and plasma instabilities. Topics covered include basic plasma physics, statistical plasma theory, and magnetohydrodynamics (MHD), as well as the many-species theory and plasma containment. The motion of individual particles, oscillations and waves, and MHD instabilities of a real and an ideal plasma are also discussed. This volume is comprised of 13 chapters and begins with a survey of the various applications of plasma sciences and an overview of the fundamental concepts of plasma physics. Basic plasma physics, the physics of instabilities, orbit theory, kinetic theory, MHD, and the many-fluid theory are then presented. The following chapters focus on the principles of plasma containment and waves in plasmas, together with the basic features of plasma instabilities and their classification. The classical MHD stability theory of an ideal and of a real plasma is also described. The final chapter is devoted to drift waves and drift instabilities in inhomogeneous plasmas, paying particular attention to the theory of gradient instabilities and the microscopic theory of waves in non-homogeneous collisionless plasmas. This handbook is intended for beginners in plasma physics and plasma instabilities and for physicists and engineers working actively in the field.

  • Multiple Light Scattering

    Tables, Formulas, and Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • H Van de Hulst
    • English
    Multiple Light Scattering: Tables, Formulas, and Applications, Volume 1 serves to give concise and handy information related to multiple scattering theory in such a way that the reader would not have to rely on extensive literature on the subject. The book is divided into two parts. Part I: General Theory covers the basic concepts, terms, and notations related to multiple scattering theory; exponential integrals and related functions; reciprocity and detailed balance; different related methods; and homogenous atmospheres with arbitrary phase function and single-scattering albedo. Part II: Isotropic Scattering discusses related concepts such as solutions using the Milne operator; semi-infinite atmospheres; the H-functions; and finite slabs. The text is recommended for practitioners in optics, atmospheric physics, astronomy, and other fields that need a reference book in the subject of multiple light scattering.

  • Advances in Magnetic Resonance

    • 1st Edition
    • John Waugh
    • English
    Advances in Magnetic Resonance focuses on the interdisciplinary field of magnetic resonance. Comprised of four chapters, this book discusses collective atomic motions in crystals as studied by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and elaborates Mori's formalism as applied to the spin relaxation theory. It also discusses chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization, magnetic shielding, and magnetic susceptibility. Students and physicists looking for a comprehensive source on magnetic resonance will find this book invaluable.

  • Vibrational Properties of Solids

    • 1st Edition
    • Gideon Gilat
    • English
    Methods in Computational Physics, Volume 15: Vibrational Properties of Solids explores the application of computational methods to delineate microscopic vibrational behavior. This book is composed of nine chapters that further illustrate the utility of these methods to ordered lattices, quantum solids, impurity modes, surface modes, and amorphous solids. The opening chapters present the basic theoretical models and their computational aspects for different solids of diverse chemical nature, together with some methods of automation and computation in the highly sophisticated experiments in inelastic scattering of neutrons. These topics are followed by a discussion on how group theoretical methods treated by computers can yield the proper symmetry assignments of phonon eigenvalues and eigenstates. Considerable chapters are devoted to the different applications of traditional lattice dynamics, each having its own computational ramification. Other chapters survey the properties of solids that mostly involve integrations over the Brillouin zone. The last chapter concerns the dynamic or time-dependent aspect of lattice dynamics, namely, the calculation of thermal and electric conductivities in some models of solids. This book is of great benefit to geoscientists, physicists, and mathematicians.

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