Skip to main content
Elsevier

Books in Earth and planetary sciences

Elsevier's Earth and Planetary Sciences collection brings together pioneering research on the complexities of our planet and beyond. Covering topics from Earth's structural dynamics and ecosystems to planetary exploration, these titles support advancements in geoscience, environmental science, and space studies, offering essential insights for researchers, professionals, and students.

  • Thematic Mapping From Satellite Imagery: A Guidebook

    • 1st Edition
    • J. Denègre
    • English
    Thematic Mapping from Satellite Imagery: A Guidebook discusses methods in producing maps using satellite images. The book is comprised of five chapters; each chapter covers one stage of the process. Chapter 1 tackles the satellite remote sensing imaging and its cartographic significance. Chapter 2 discusses the production processes for extracting information from satellite data. The next chapter covers the methods for combining satellite-derived information with that obtained from conventional sources. Chapter 4 deals with design and semiology for cartographic representation, and Chapter 5 presents examples of applications. The book will be of great use to cartographers who want to utilize satellite imaging in generating a map.

  • Cartography Past, Present and Future

    A Festschrift for F.J. Ormeling
    • 1st Edition
    • D.W. Rhind + 1 more
    • English
    Making maps dates back at least four thousand years and it is widely recognised that many maps are of great historical value and present a skilled method of summarising the real world on a sheet of paper. Less well known is the judgement involved in the selection and simplification of features, the complex transformation of space and the exacting standards which are needed in cartography. This book is primarily a tribute to Professor F.J. Ormeling, former President and Secretary/Treasurer of the ICA and gives a wide ranging review of the current status of cartography, how this status was attained and the way in which the subject is expected to evolve over the next decade. It is composed of two main sections. In the first, the present state of cartography in different countries is examined. The second section is a thematic view in which some of the major issues and developments in cartography are discussed in turn, including art and science in cartography, the character of historical cartography, the role of map making in developing countries, the impact of a possible ideal computer mapping facility and how cartography has changed in recent years. There are international contributions from authors distinguished and internationally recognised in cartography and related fields and who have had a significant input to the ICA.

  • Weather and Climate on Planets

    • 1st Edition
    • K Y Kondratyev + 1 more
    • English
    Weather and Climate on Planets discusses the problems of the meteorology of planets. Planetary meteorology is the study of the regularities of the atmospheres and their thermal regime and dynamics, specifically the properties of the planetary surfaces and the specific features of the interactions between the atmospheres and surfaces. This book contains four chapters and begins with an overview of origin and evolution of the solar system and planetary atmospheres. The introductory chapter describes some basic characteristics of planetary atmospheres, laboratory and numerical modeling of the atmospheric circulation, and the application of remote sounding. The remaining three chapters examine the weather, climate, and other meteorological aspects of planet Venus, Mars, and Jupiter. This book will be of value to meteorologists, astronomers, researchers, and students.

  • Comparative Planetology

    • 1st Edition
    • Cyril Ponnamperuma
    • English
    Comparative Planetology discusses the results of data obtained from the Viking mission to Mars along with other data from other planetary missions. The book considers the many aspects of the evolution of the solar system in a comparative fashion. The interiors of planets, crustal evolution, the origin of planetary atmospheres, and the question of the origin of life are discussed using the gathered information. Astronomers, geologists, chemists, and biologists will find the book an interesting read.

  • Principles of Meteoritics

    International Series of Monographs on Earth Sciences
    • 1st Edition
    • E.L. Krinov
    • Earl Ingerson
    • English
    Principles of Meteoritics examines the significance of meteorites in relation to cosmogony and to the origin of the planetary system. The book discusses the science of meteoritics and the sources of meteorites. Scientists study the morphology of meteorites to determine their motion in the atmosphere. The scope of such study includes all forms of meteorites, the circumstances of their fall to earth, their motion in the atmosphere, and their orbits in space. Meteoric bodies vary in sizes; in calculating their motion in interplanetary space, astronomers apply the laws of Kepler. In the region of retardation, the direction of motion of the meteoric body changes, and a break in the visible and real trajectories follows. The angle of fall of meteorites at a vertical line on the surface of the Earth measures between 20 degrees to 30 degrees. The text also discusses the Tunguska and Sikhote-alin meteorites, two gigantic meteorites that fell in the U.S.S.R. The text also discusses the chemistry, the mineralogy, the petrography, and the physical properties of meteorites. The book is suitable for astronomers, geologists, and general readers who have an interest in sky watching.

  • An Introduction to the Study of Fabrics of Geological Bodies

    • 1st Edition
    • Bruno Sander
    • English
    An Introduction to the Study of Fabrics of Geological Bodies introduces the reader to the method of fabric studies in accordance with the principles of symmetrology, with emphasis on the link between morphological and functional fabrics. Topics covered include affine and non-affine movement-pictures; movement and symmetry of tectonic deformation; tectonics and fluid mechanics; and movement and symmetry of apposition. Some examples of the use and definition of fabric studies are presented. This book is divided into two parts and begins with an overview of the concepts and objectives of fabric studies, paying particular attention to symmetry and rhythm in morphological and functional fabrics; the movement-picture of affine deformations; and non-affine deformation by gliding on a single set of planes. The discussion then turns to the distribution of planar and linear parallel-fabrics in geological bodies; constructive restoration of earlier geometry of tectonic fabrics; tectonics of intrusives with a high susceptibility to componental movement; and mechanical deformation and metamorphism of rocks. The general characteristics of grain-fabrics are also described. This monograph will be a useful resource for geologists and those working in the fields of mineralogy and petrography.

  • Earth and Cosmos

    A Book Relating the Environment of Man on Earth to the Environment of Earth in the Cosmos
    • 1st Edition
    • Robert S. Kandel
    • English
    Earth and Cosmos presents a comprehensive view of the many connections between the environment of Man on Earth and the environment of the Earth in the cosmos. Topics covered range from matter, radiation, and the basic forces of nature to Earth's relation to the universe, the galaxy, and the sun. The energy balance and global circulation of the atmosphere are also discussed, along with continents, oceans, and climate. This book is comprised of 13 chapters and begins with an overview of the environment of Man on Earth, with emphasis on the Earth's chemical composition and how it is related to both cosmic and terrestrial processes; the radiation environment at the Earth's surface and above; how the atmosphere interacts with both solar and terrestrial radiation; and climate. The following chapters explore matter, radiation, and the laws of nature in relation to the universe; how the terrestrial environment is related to the structure of the universe as a whole; how the composition of the solar system and the Earth reflects the history of the galaxy; and the stability of the Earth's environment. The origins of life on Earth and the impact of human activities on the planet are also considered. The last chapter speaks of the future of humanity, and notably of the problem of the population explosion and its consequences. This monograph will be of interest to students, astronomers, planetary scientists, astrophysicists, biologists, chemists, and geologists.

  • Photogeology and Regional Mapping

    • 1st Edition
    • J. A. E. Allum
    • Robert Maxwell
    • English
    Photogeology and Regional Mapping covers the geological interpretation of aerial photographs, the compilation of the interpretations on to maps, the use of aerial photographs in the field, and the use of aerial photography for the production of the final geological map. This book is organized into 10 chapters and starts with an introduction to the aerial photograph. The subsequent chapters deal with the properties of the aerial photograph, including the scale, parallax and their difference. These chapters also survey the process of stereoscopy, the stereoscopic vision, pseudoscopic vision, and setting up the aerial photographs. These topics are followed by discussions on interpretation of the aerial photographs encoded into a map. Other chapters describe the production of the photogeological map and field mapping with the use of aerial photographs. The last chapters consider the compilation of the encoded aerial photographs made into maps and the photogrammetry for geologists that explains the minor control plot, detail plotting, measurement of height differences using a stereometer. This book will be of value to geologists.

  • The Planet Earth

    • 2nd Edition
    • D. R. Bates
    • English
    The Planet Earth, Second Edition focuses on the advances in geophysical sciences and fundamental laws of nature. This edition introduces a new chapter (Chapter 17), which discusses Van Allen radiation belts. The rest of the chapters have also been modified and updated with additions on the work and achievements of the International Geophysical Year (IGY); Mohole project; continental drift and polar wandering; exosphere; state of the theory of magnetic storms and aurorae; and possibility of extra-terrestrial sources of life. Topics also deliberated in this book include origin, age, and possible ultimate fate of the earth; general circulation of the atmosphere and oceans; aurorae and magnetic storms; and genesis of life. This publication is a good reference for students and researchers conducting work on geophysics.

  • Recent Crustal Movements, 1979

    Proceedings of the IUGG Interdisciplinary Symposium No. 9, Recent Crustal Movements, Canberra, A.C.T., Australia, December 13—14, 1979
    • 1st Edition
    • P. Vyskočil + 2 more
    • English
    Developments in Geotectonics, 16: Recent Crustal Movements, 1979 covers the proceedings of the IUGG Interdisciplinary Symposium No. 9, ""Recent Crustal Movements"", held in Canberra, A.C.T., Australia on December 13-14, 1979. The book focuses on instruments and methods for the determination of crustal movements; methods of evaluating crustal movements; and interpretation of the crustal structure and crustal movements with the assistance of other geophysical data. The selection first offers information on the design and error characteristics of a fundamental global geodetic network; state and prospects of development of high-precision geodetic methods for studying crustal movements; and interferometric techniques for measuring horizontal earth crustal movements. The text then takes a look at the vertical crustal movements of the Carpatho-Balkan region and height changes and vertical crustal movements in Western German areas. Discussions focus on vertical movements map, instrumental improvements for the observation of vertical crustal movements, and map of height changes and vertical crustal movements. The text ponders on the episodic block motion and convergence along the Calaveras fault in central California and complete determination of local crustal deformation from geodetic observations. The selection is a valuable source of data for geologists and readers interested in crustal movements.

  • Advances in Hydroscience

    Volume 5
    • 1st Edition
    • Ven Te Chow
    • English
    Advances in Hydroscience, Volume 5 contains articles in three major areas of hydroscience, namely, stochastic hydrology, subsurface flow, and solid-state hydrology. This volume is composed of four chapters, and begins with a comprehensive review of the basic concepts, developments, and their potential application in stochastic hydrology, with emphasis on time series analysis and synthesis (model building). The next chapter deals with some of the advances in various scientific disciplines and their application to the analysis and prediction of seepage losses from open channels. These topics are followed by discussions on various phenomena of snow metamorphism, sintering, and development of intergranular bonds; a few methods for determining thermal conductivity, water vapor diffusivity; and the essential concepts of radiation interaction with a snow medium. The final chapter surveys the theory of infiltration, which is one important outcome of the mathematical-physica... approach to the study of water movement in unsaturated soil. This chapter specifically presents the general flow equation (a nonlinear Fokker-Planck equation). This book is of great value to hydrologists, engineers, scientists, and researchers who are interested in the interdisciplinary field of hydroscience.

  • Drawing & Understanding Fossils

    A Theoretical and Practical Guide for Beginners with Self-assessment
    • 1st Edition
    • E. W. Nield
    • English
    A practical manual for the student of palaeontology, giving a grounding in theory, in addition to teaching graphical skills needed to make clear, representative and pleasing drawings of fossil specimens. As most early practical work in palaeontology is graphical the author has sought to teach the basics of graphic art as relevant to each fossil group. Puzzles, exercises and experiments are included, also self-assessment tests to allow students to check their progress.

  • Earth Reinforcement and Soil Structures

    • 1st Edition
    • Colin J F P Jones
    • F. G. Bell
    • English
    Earth Reinforcement and Soil Structures provides a coverage of the basic aspects of reinforced soil. The book is comprised of 12 chapters that cover the theoretical elements up to the practical applications. The first two chapters provide the introduction and historical review of the subject of reinforced soil. The third chapter presents a catalogue of some of the application areas for the use of earth reinforcement, while the fourth chapter covers the theoretical concepts. The next six chapters deal with the practical aspects of earth reinforcements, such as design, construction, costs, and durability. The remaining two chapters provide some worked examples and discuss the developments in earth reinforcement, respectively. The text will be of great use to undergraduate students of civil engineering and other related fields.

  • Geology

    The Made Simple Series
    • 2nd Edition
    • William H. Matthews
    • English
    Geology gives a detailed study of rock-forming minerals and the rocks that are formed by it. The text analyses the forces which act on and within rocks. This subject belongs to physical geology. Historical geology is also covered in the book. This study explores the fossil content of the rock and reconstructs the earth’s history over the past million years. The subjects encourage the reader to go out and examine his surroundings. First chapter of the book focuses on the description of earth. Topics such as the shape, size, and motions of the earth are discussed. The second chapter of the text covers the chemical composition of minerals. Crystal system, crystallography, and crystal habits are included in the chapter. The physical properties and different types of minerals are also analyzed. Volcanism and all aspects of volcanoes are reviewed. The formation of soil and weathering is the topic of another chapter. The book will provide useful information to geologists, mineralogists, volcanologists, students and researchers of geology.

  • Formulas and Calculations for Drilling, Production and Workover

    • 1st Edition
    • Norton J. Lapeyrouse
    • English
    This handy book gives you all the formulas and calculations you are likely to need in drilling operations. It is the most complete manual of its kind. Included are formulas for pressure gradient, specific gravity, pump output, annular velocity, and buoyancy factor. In addition, there are calculations for volume and stroke, slug weight, drill string design, cementing, depth of washout, bulk density of cuttings, and stuck pipe. Separate chapters deal with calculations for drilling fluids, pressure control, and engineering. Example calculations are provided throughout.Presented in easy-to-use, step-by-step order, Formulas and Calculations is a quick reference for day-to-day work out on the rig. It also serves as a handy study guide for drilling and well control certification courses.Virtually all the mathematics required out on the drilling rig is included here in one convenient source.

  • Recent Progress in Surface Science

    Volume 3
    • 1st Edition
    • J. F. Danielli + 2 more
    • English
    Recent Progress in Surface Science, Volume 3 covers topics on the structure and mechanisms of the cell membranes. The book discusses the incorporation of chemisorbed species; the recent developments in the study of epitaxy; and the "diffusion" or "hydride" component of overpotential at cathodes of the "platinum metals". The text also describes the mechanism of hydrogen exchange in proteins; the nuclear magnetic resonance studies of lipids, lipoproteins, and cell membranes; and the monolayers of synthetic phospholipids. The formation, electrical properties, transport, and excitability characteristics of black lipid films; the structure of biological membranes: the lamellar versus the globoid concept; and some aspects of the role of lipids in lipid-protein interactions and cell membrane structure and function are also considered. The book further tackles ordered water and the ultrastructure of the cellular plasma membrane. Chemists, biophysicists, biochemical pharmacologists, and biochemists will find the book useful.

  • Progress in Surface and Membrane Science

    Volume 6
    • 1st Edition
    • J. F. Danielli + 2 more
    • English
    Progress in Surface and Membrane Science, Volume 6 covers the developments in the study of surface and membrane science. The book discusses the progress in surface and membrane science; the solid state chemistry of the silver halide surface; and the experimental and theoretical aspects of the double layer at the mercury-solution interface. The text also describes contact-angle hysteresis; ion binding and ion transport produced by neutral lipid-soluble molecules; and the biophysical interactions of blood proteins with polymeric and artificial surfaces. Physical chemists, biophysicists, and physiologists will find the book invaluable.

  • Transformation of Petroleum in Nature

    International Series of Monographs in Earth Sciences
    • 1st Edition
    • P. F. Andreev + 2 more
    • Dean Earl Ingerson
    • English
    Transformation of Petroleum in Nature is a a comprehensive account of the thermodynamic principles governing petroleum transformations in nature. Topics covered range from the dependence of petroleum properties on geologic-geochemical conditions to processes of spontaneous alteration of organic matter. A considerable section of the book is devoted to the thermodynamic transformation of hydrocarbons. Comprised of nine chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the connection between the properties of petroleum and its geologic age, as well as the basic aspects of the natural phenomenon and the many observed deviations from this basic phenomenon. The role played by a number of catalysts in connection with the transformable material is also considered, along with geochemical transformations of petroleum during the process of migration into the reservoir rocks. Subsequent chapters focus on the phenomenology of spontaneous transformation processes of organic matter; thermodynamics of low-temperature transformation of hydrocarbons; oxidative transformations of petroleum in nature; and the significance of clays in the formation and conversion of petroleum in the earth's crust. The thermocatalytic transformations of heterogeneous organic compounds are also analyzed. This book will be of interest to petroleum geologists and geochemists.

  • East African Rifts

    • 1st Edition
    • R. W. Girdler
    • English
    Developments in Geotectonics, 7: East African Rifts focuses on the movements, structure, and behavior of the East African rift system. The selection first offers information on the surface structure and plate tectonics of Afar; tectonic and magmatic significance of volcanism in the Afar depression; and preliminary interpretation of the gravity field of Afar, northeast Ethiopia. Discussions focus on crustal models of Afar based on gravity and seismic data, tectonics, volcanism, geological setting, and crustal extension. The text also elaborates on the gravity survey of the central part of the Ethiopian Rift Valley and an aeromagnetic survey of the Afar triangle of Ethiopia. The book examines the arrangement and development of continental rift zones, East African rift development, and the seismicity of the East African rift system. Topics include earthquake mechanisms, seismicity, and the main categories of rift zones. The manuscript is a dependable reference for readers interested in the East African rifts.

  • Progress in Surface and Membrane Science

    Volume 9
    • 1st Edition
    • D. A. Cadenhead + 2 more
    • English
    Progress in Surface and Membrane Science, Volume 9 covers the developments in surface and membrane science. The book discusses the physical adsorption of gases and vapors in micropores; the chemisorption theory; and the role of radioisotopes in the studies of chemisorption and catalysis. The text also describes the interaction of ions with monolayers; and the isolation and characterization of mycoplasma membranes. Chemists, physical chemists, and microbiologists will find the book useful.

  • The Structure of the Earth's Crust

    Based on Seismic Data
    • 1st Edition
    • Stephan Mueller
    • English
    Developments in Geotectonics 8: The Structure of the Earth's Crust Based on Seismic Data covers the papers presented at an International Upper Mantle Committee (lUMC) symposium called ""Crustal Structure Based on Seismic Data"", held on July 30-31, 1971. The book focuses on the structure, composition, and characteristics of the earth's crust. The selection first offers information on the crustal structure of Central and Southeastern Europe by data of explosion seismology; structure of the earth's crust on the territory of the U.S.S.R.; and seismic studies of low-velocity layers and horizontal inhomogeneities within the crust and upper mantle on the territory of the U.S.S.R. The text also takes a look at the deep seismic investigations in the Baikal rift zone and crust of the arctic seas of Eurasia. Discussions focus on peculiarities of crustal structure, structure of the uppermost mantle, and method of investigation. The publication takes a look at the crustal structure of Japan as derived from explosion seismic data; crustal structure in the Matsushiro earthquake swarm area; and Soviet seismic studies of the earth's crust in the Pacific Ocean during the International Upper Mantle Project. The selection is a dependable source of information for readers interested in the structure of the earth's crust.

  • Advances in Hydroscience

    Volume 2
    • 1st Edition
    • Ven Te Chow
    • English
    Advances in Hydroscience, Volume 2 is a five-chapter text that considers the significant advances in various fields of hydroscience. Chapter 1 deals with the basic concept, hydrodynamics, methods of study, and case history of tsunami, while Chapter 2 focuses on chemical geohydrology, which treats the portion of the hydrological cycle that relates the chemical character of water to its environment. Chapter 3 concerns a subject in biohydrodynamics, namely, the hydrodynamic behavior of dolphins, with an emphasis of its application in controlling the natural environment. Chapter 4 describes the interaction of modern hydrodynamic analyses and experimental investigations, which has placed the design of complex hydraulic structures, such as ship locks. Chapter 5 discusses the modern technique of replenishing ground water by recharge, which has been practiced with great success in Los Angeles, California, and many other places around the world. This book will be of great value to hydrologists, scientists, and researchers who are interested in the interdisciplinary field of hydroscience.

  • Advances in Hydroscience

    Volume 4
    • 1st Edition
    • Ven Te Chow
    • English
    Advances in Hydroscience, Volume 4 covers selected topics encompassing several areas of special interest in hydroscience, including naval architecture, water waves, subsurface water, engineering hydraulics, and stochastic hydrology. This volume is composed of seven chapters, and begins with a summary of the basic principles and theories involved in hovering craft operating over water, which should be of interest to naval architects who may design such vehicles for special purposes. The succeeding chapters deal with the significance of soil moisture theory in the design of foundations and land drainage systems, as well as the developments in understanding the theory of wind-generated waves. These topics are followed by discussions on the mode of operation and different types of hydraulic jumps and the basic probability concepts of stochastic reservoir theory. The final chapter the fundamentals of surface winds, wind fields, and wind stress and their role in formation of storm surge. This book is of value to hydrologists, naval architects, agronomists, and agricultural civil engineers.

  • Progress in Surface and Membrane Science

    Volume 5
    • 1st Edition
    • J. F. Danielli + 2 more
    • English
    Progress in Surface and Membrane Science, Volume 5 covers the developments in the study of surface and membrane science. The book discusses the Mössbauer effect in surface science; the surface functional groups on carbon and silica; and the wetting phenomena pertaining to adhesion. The text also describes the physical state of phospholipids and cholesterol in monolayers, bilayers, and membranes; the characteristics of heterocoagulation; and the effects of calcium on excitable membranes and neurotransmitter action. Chemists, physiologists, biophysicists, and civil engineers will find the book invaluable.

  • Clays and Clay Minerals

    Proceedings of the Eighth National Conference on Clays and Clay Minerals
    • 1st Edition
    • Ada Swineford
    • English
    Clays and Clay Minerals, Volume 8 contains the proceedings of the Eighth National Conference on Clays and Clay Minerals held in Norman, Oklahoma, on October 11-14, 1959 and sponsored by the Clay Minerals Committee of the National Academy of Sciences—National Research Council in cooperation with the University of Oklahoma. The papers explore research findings as well as problems related to clays and clay minerals in many diverse disciplines. This volume is comprised of 22 chapters and begins with a description of clays and clay minerals present in Wichita Mountain area, southwestern Oklahoma, followed by an analysis of the correlations of kaolinite crystallinity with chemical and physical properties. An evaluation of the amount and distribution of montmorillonite in some kaolins found in Georgia and South Carolina is then presented. Subsequent chapters focus on the geology, mineralogy, and genesis of selected fireclays from Latah County, Idaho; chemical weathering of layer silicate clays in loess-derived Tama silt loam of southwestern Wisconsin; possible uses of clay minerals in the search for oil; and a geochemical method for determining paleosalinity. The final chapter presents the results of a mineralogical analysis of soil clays involving vermiculite-chlorite... differentiation. This book will appeal to geologists, geochemists, and mineralogists.

  • Geographic Information Systems for Geoscientists

    Modelling with GIS
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 13
    • G.F. Bonham-Carter
    • Daniel F Merriam
    • English
    Geographic Information Systems for Geoscientists is unique in its coverage of examples from the geological sciences, many centred on applications to mineral exploration. The underlying principles of GIS are stressed and emphasis placed on the analysis and modelling of spatial data with applications to site selection and potential mapping. The book commences with a definition of GIS and describes a case study of mapping mineral potential. The ways in which spatial data are organized with models (raster, vector, relational) are discussed and data structures, such as quadtrees and topological structures are introduced. Data input including digitizing, geographic projections and conversions is covered together with output (visualization, representation of colour and spatial query). Spatial data transformations are dealt with thoroughly and attention is paid to map analysis and modelling as related to single maps, map pairs and multiple maps respectively. Methods of quantifying the associations between pairs of maps are emphasized. Finally, examples of landfill site selection and mineral potential mapping illustrate the application of map algebra for combining maps and tables with models, employing Boolean logic, index weighting, fuzzy logic and probability methods such as weights of evidence. There is an extensive glossary of terms, and references accompany each chapter. Contains 40 pages of colour illustrations.

  • Research on the Nature of Mineral-Forming Solutions

    With Special Reference to Data from Fluid Inclusions
    • 1st Edition
    • N. P. Yermakov
    • Edwin Roedder
    • English
    Research on the Nature of Mineral-Forming Solutions is the first book on the subject of fluid inclusions. This book contains observational data and studies of mineral-forming solutions done in the Soviet Union. The description and natural classification of inclusion in minerals according to their composition and state are discussed. Gaseous, liquefied, and solidified inclusions that are found in minerals and their significance are considered important in determining the presence and availability of the mineral. For example, any earlier or contemporaneous minerals that are found only in their host crystals can be determined by analyzing the presence of solid inclusions. The origin and genetic classifications of liquid and gaseous inclusions, being both abundant in hypogene ore deposits, are explained. Other less common methods in the study of inclusions, besides homogenization of inclusions by heating under the microscope, are forwarded. The authors believe that exact measurements of the homogenization temperature are possible and therefore can serve as a precise indicator in understanding the process of formation of individual crystals and hydrothermal deposits. Other studies of the All-Union Research Institute of Piezo-optical Mineral Raw Materials are also discussed. This collection of monographs will prove invaluable to mineralogists, geologists, and research-chemists studying minerals and ore deposits.

  • Recent Crustal Movements

    • 1st Edition
    • N. Pavoni + 1 more
    • English
    Developments in Geotectonics, 9: Recent Crustal Movements covers the papers presented at the Fifth International Symposium on Recent Crustal Movements, held in Zurich, Switzerland on August 26-31, 1974. The book focuses on geodetic investigations, geological-geomorpho... investigations, geophysical investigations, in-situ stress measurements/crustal stresses, seismotectonics/acti... faults, and plate tectonics/continenta... drift. The book first takes a look at tectonic-plate motions from lunar ranging and long baseline interferometry for centimeter accuracy geodetic measurements. Discussions focus on proposed transportable lunar laser ranging station; expected plate-motion measurements from present lunar-ranging stations; and pacific plate motion experiment. The text then ponders on precision electromagnetic distance-measuring instrument for determining secular strain and fault movement and deep in-situ stress measurements by hydrofracturing. The publication ponders on geotectonic relevance of rock-stress determinations, thermal runaway in the mantle and neotectonics, and data on plate tectonics of Alaska. The text also elaborates on geodetic surveys for monitoring crustal movements in the United States and determining earthquake recurrence intervals from deformational structures in young lacustrine sediments. The manuscript is a vital source of data for readers interested in crustal movements.

  • Clays and Clay Minerals

    Proceedings of the Fourteenth National Conference, Berkeley, California
    • 1st Edition
    • S. W. Bailey
    • English
    Clays and Clay Minerals documents the proceedings of the 14th National Conference in Berkeley, California. This book focuses on the structure and quantitative analysis, surface reactivity, genesis, and synthesis of clays and clay minerals. Topics discussed include status of clay mineral structures; layer charge relations in clay minerals of micaceous soils and sediments; mechanical force fields in a clay mineral particle system; and kinetics of decomposition of cobalt coordination complexes on montmorillonite surfaces. The factors affecting the frequency distribution of clay minerals in soils; stability of brucite in the weathering zone of the new Idria serpentinite; and interrelationships of physical and chemical properties of kaolinites are also elaborated in this publication. This compilation is beneficial to students and researchers conducting work on clay mineral studies.

  • Complexing and Hydrothermal Ore Deposition

    International Series of Monographs on Earth Science
    • 1st Edition
    • Harold C. Helgeson
    • Dean Earl Ingerson
    • English
    Complexing and Hydrothermal Ore Deposition provides a synthesis of fact, theory, and interpretative speculation on hydrothermal ore-forming solutions. This book summarizes information and theory of the internal chemistry of aqueous electrolyte solutions accumulated in previous years. The scope of the discussion is limited to those aspects of particular interest to the geologist working on the problem of hydrothermal ore genesis. Wherever feasible, fundamental principles are reviewed. Portions of this text are devoted to calculations of specific hydrothermal equilibriums in multicomponent solutions at elevated temperatures, including a general examination and evaluation of the solution chemistry and geochemical parameters involved in aqueous transport and deposition of the ore-forming metals. This publication is intended for geologists, but is also beneficial for students conducting research on the components of soil and rock.

  • Paleontology and Neontology of Cephalopods

    • 1st Edition
    • M. R. Clarke + 1 more
    • English
    Paleontology and Neontology of Cephalopods examines information that throws new light on the evolution of coleoids. This book is part of a multivolume work, The Mollusca, which attempts to provide comprehensive treatment of major areas of molluscan research. The Mollusca is intended to serve several disciplines—zoology, biochemistry, physiology, and paleontology. It will prove useful to researchers and to all others with interests in mollusks. The book begins with a review of the main features of cephalopod evolution. This is followed by separate chapters on the evolution of the gladius in coleoids; the buccal mass of Cephalopoda; beaks of living coleoid Cephalopoda; cephalopod hooks; statoliths of cephalopods; buoyancy and locomotion in recent cephalopods; and evolution of the cephalopod brain and cephalopod statocyst. Subsequent chapters deal with the photophore structure and evolution within the Enoploteuthinae; the interrelationships of genera within the Ommastrephidae; evolutionary pathways traversed by the cephalopod family Cranchiidae; the cephalopod fauna of the European Mediterranean; and the evolution of recent cephalopods.

  • Hydrology

    An Advanced Introduction to Hydrological Processes and Modelling
    • 1st Edition
    • Arved J. Raudkivi
    • English
    Hydrology: An Advanced Introduction to Hydrological Processes and Modelling introduces the reader to hydrological processes and methods of estimation of the various quantities involved. Topics covered range from elements of meteorology to precipitation, evaporation and transpiration, interception, and flood routing. Extreme events, design flood, and small catchment runoff are also discussed. This book is comprised of 12 chapters and begins with an overview of hydrology and the hydrologic cycle, along with the world's water resources and their utilization and management. Subsequent chapters deal with atmospheric thermodynamics and atmospheric circulation; analysis and measurement of precipitation, evaporation, transpiration, and interception; infiltration of groundwater; and reservoir and stream routing. Storage for flood control and regulation for abatement of water shortage are also considered, along with stratification and siltation of reservoirs, catchment yield, and sediment yield and transport. The final chapter highlights the importance of information analysis and decision making in hydrological work. This monograph is written for senior and postgraduate students and should also be of value to practitioners of physics, mathematics, and civil engineering.

  • Predictive Geology

    With Emphasis on Nuclear-Waste Disposal
    • 1st Edition
    • Ghislain De Marsily + 1 more
    • English
    Predictive Geology: With Emphasis on Nuclear-Waste Disposal covers the proceedings of papers presented at sessions sponsored by the International Association for Mathematical Geology. The topics that this book tackles are issues relevant to nuclear-waste disposal. The first chapter discusses the use of plate tectonics as a catastrophe theoretic model, and the second chapter covers geologic predictions and radioactive waste disposal. Chapter 3 also talks about radioactive waste disposal, with emphasis on the application of predictive geology. Chapter 4 discusses salt domes and Chapter 5 tackles the use of fault-tree analysis for probabilistic assessment of radioactive-waste segregation. The sixth chapter covers predictive geology in nuclear-waste management, while the seventh chapter tackles nuclear power on unstable ground. The eighth chapter deals with long-term thermohydrologic behavior of nuclear-waste repositories. Chapter 9 discusses the influence of faulting on groundwater flow and contaminant transport, while chapter 10 covers the influence of microfissures in crystalline rock on radionuclide migration. The eleventh chapter tackles the long-term prediction of the fate of nuclear waste deeply buried in granite, and the twelfth chapter talks about the use of quantitative evaluation of the contribution of geologic knowledge in exploration for petroleum. The last chapter deals with resource-estimation models and predicted discovery. Researchers and professionals concerned with the effects of radioactive materials to the environment will find this book a great source of information.

  • Applied Geophysics for Geologists and Engineers

    The Elements of Geophysical Prospecting
    • 2nd Edition
    • D. H. Griffiths + 1 more
    • English
    Covers the fundamentals of all currently used methods (seismic, electrical, electromagnetic, gravity, magnetic, borehole logging and remote sensing) and pays special attention to the seismic refraction and electrical resistivity techniques which are the ones most commonly used in engineering and groundwater geophysics. The main changes in this new edition of Applied Geophysics for Engineers and Geologists, apart from a general updating, and conversion to SI units, is a more extensive treatment of electromagnetic and induced polarisation methods, and of geophysical borehole logging. The seismic reflection method is also treated more fully in view of its great importance in petroleum prospecting. Problems, with answers are also included. Taken together, the changes are so great that this is virtually a new book, as is suggested by the change in title

  • Geological Strain Analysis

    A Manual for the Rf/Ø Method
    • 1st Edition
    • R. J. Lisle
    • English
    The trend towards a more quantitative approach in structural geology has stimulated the development of a number of techniques for determining the strain in deformed rocks of which the most widely used is one called the Rf/&fgr; method. With more than 100 applications of the technique published in the literature this is a timely work, describing as it does the practicalities of the method and its recent refinements. The comprehensive collection of standard graphs, indispensable for the determination of the strain, has never previously been widely available.

  • Isotope Chronostratigraphy

    Theory and Methods
    • 1st Edition
    • Douglas F. Williams + 2 more
    • English
    Isotope Chronostratigraphy: Theory and Methods covers the concept of isotope chronostratigraphy. The book discusses the principles of interpretation, the methodology, as well as the synthesis of the oxygen and carbon isotope records of the Tertiary. The text also describes the detailed studies of the tertiary delta 18O and delta 13 C records by epoch; the stable isotopic evidence for and against sea level changes during the cenozoic; and the prospects for applying isotope chronostratigraphy to exploration wells. The paleobathymetric models using the delta 18O of foraminifera; the empirical approaches to isotope chronostratigraphy; and the quantitative methods of analysis are also considered. The book further tackles the semblance methods; the filter and deconvolution techniques; the frequency domain methods; and the maximum entropy and Q-model methods. Petroleum geologists and stratigraphers will find the text invaluable.

  • Afrique de l'Ouest

    Introduction Géologique et Termes Stratigraphiques
    • 1st Edition
    • J.M. Bertrand + 2 more
    • J. Fabre
    • English

  • The Earth's Age and Geochronology

    • 1st Edition
    • Derek York + 1 more
    • English
    The Earth's Age and Geochronology provides an outline of geochronological methods, applications, and interpretations. This book discusses the fossil fission track method of dating. Organized into 12 chapters, this book begins with an overview of an accurate chronometer for measuring time intervals that must contain some sort of mechanism in which it operates at a predictable or known rate. This text then discusses the methodology of dating as well as the importance of long cooling histories. Other chapters consider the application of the experimental method to idealized, undisturbed systems. This book discusses as well the concept that in plutonic environments daughter isotope retention may often not commence until long after crystallization, or the peak of metamorphism. The final chapter deals with the applications of geochronology wherein the effects of selectivity will be particularly evident. This book is a valuable resource for nuclear physicists, astronomers, geologists, cosmologists, geochronologists, experimentalists, and scientists.

  • Stormwater Modeling

    • 1st Edition
    • Donald E. Overton + 1 more
    • English
    Stormwater Modeling presents the fundamentals of deterministic, parametric, and stochastic stormwater modeling. It is assumed that the reader or student will have a basic background in science or engineering; however, the authors are of the opinion that one can comfortably read and understand this treatise with a fundamental knowledge of calculus and differential equations. The book has been written with the intent of reaching an audience concerned primarily with evaluating the effects of land use on stormwater for the purpose of doing feasibility studies, planning, and/or design work. The book is organized into five parts. Part I discusses various modeling concepts such as the definition of a mathematical model, the systems approach to model building, examples of parametric and deterministic modeling, and stormwater model optimization. Part II on deterministic modeling covers the modeling of overland and open channel flow; kinematic flow approximation; and estimation of time of concentration using kinematic wave theory. Part III covers parametric modeling and includes chapters on model optimization;. analysis of the effects of urbanization and logging on stormwater; and evaluation of the effects of strip coal mining on watershed hydrologic response. Parts IV and V deal with stochastic stormwater modeling and stormwater quality modeling, respectively.

  • Your Solar Energy Home

    Including Wind and Methane Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • Derek Howell
    • English
    Your Solar Energy Home: Including Wind and Methane Applications considers the worldwide domestic use of solar energy. This book is divided into 18 chapters that also cover the consumption of wind energy and methane. The opening chapters present data on solar energy usage in various countries, including the United States, United Kingdom, Europe, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, and Canada. The succeeding chapters deal with the collection and storage of solar energy, as well as the design and production of solar collector. Other chapters describe scheme for solar home heating and solar domestic hot water. These topics are followed by discussions of wind and water power schemes. The final chapters highlight the production, use, and economics of methane gas.

  • Recent Progress in Surface Science

    Volume 2
    • 1st Edition
    • J. F. Danielli + 2 more
    • English
    Recent Progress in Surface Science, Volume 2 is a 10-chapter text that covers the significant advances in some aspects of surface science, including in catalysis, genetic control of cell surface, and cell membrane. The opening chapter deals with the major factors affecting adsorption at the gas-solid interface. The subsequent chapters explore the advances in understanding of heterogeneous catalysis in terms of fundamental surface processes, as well as the concept of dynamic contact angles. These topics are followed by discussions on emulsions, flotation, and the extraordinary complexity of cell surface structures and their chemical components. Other chapters consider the experimental studies on the physiology of pinocytosis and the principles of plastron respiration. The final chapters are devoted to the isolation, characterization, and electronmicroscopic studies of cell membrane. This book is of value to surface scientists, cell biologists, and researchers in the allied fields.

  • Sedimentary Basins of Continental Margins and Cratons

    • 1st Edition
    • M.H.P. Bott
    • English
    Developments in Geotectonics, 12: Sedimentary Basins of Continental Margins and Cratons focuses on the formation, movements, characteristics, and evolution of sedimentary basins of continental margins and cratons. The selection first offers information on mechanisms of basin subsidence and rheology of the lithosphere. Discussions focus on hypotheses of basin subsidence mechanism, testing the hypotheses, elastic properties and flexural rigidity of the lithosphere, and rheology of young continental margins. The text then elaborates on flexure of the lithosphere and continental margin basins and thermal and mechanical evolution of the Michigan basin. The book ponders on the formation of sedimentary basins of graben type by extension of the continental crust and major synchronous events in continental shelves. Topics include inception of shelf development, mid-cretaceous change, taphrogenic subsidence, and energy budget of wedge subsidence mechanism. The manuscript also examines development of graben associated with the initial ruptures of the Atlantic Ocean and observations on the processes of sedimentary basin formation at the margins of Southern Africa. The selection is a dependable reference for readers interested in the study of continental margins.

  • Mechanism of Graben Formation

    Selected Papers of an ICG Symposium Held During the 17th IUGG General Assembly, Canberra, Australia, December 5, 1979
    • 1st Edition
    • J. H. Illies
    • English
    Developments in Geotectonics, 17: Mechanism of Graben Formation covers the papers of an ICG Symposium held during the 17th IUGG General Assembly in Canberra, Australia on December 5, 1979. The book focuses on the formation, behavior, and mechanisms of grabens. The selection first offers information on crustal doming and the mechanism of continental rifting, mechanisms of continental riftogenesis, and thermal regimes, mantle diapirs, and crustal stresses of continental rifts. The text then ponders on crustal uplift and the propagation of failure zones and parameterized rift development and upper mantle anomalies. The publication surveys the continental rift system of the Rhinegraben-structur... physical properties, and dynamical processes and an example of the intrusion of asthenospheric material into the lithosphere as the cause of disruption of lithospheric plates. Regional stress field and rifting in Western Europe and the nature of greenstone belts in the Precambrian are also discussed. The selection is a dependable source of information for geologists and readers interested in the formation of grabens.

  • Empirical Metallogeny

    Depositional Environments, Lithologic Associations and Metallic Ores
    • 1st Edition
    • Peter Laznicka
    • English
    Empirical Metallogeny: Depositional Environments, Lithologic Associations, and Metallic Ores, Vol. 1: Phanerozoic Environments, Associations, and Deposits, Part B focuses on the composition, characteristics, properties, and reactions of Phanerozoic metallic ore deposits. The book first offers information on intracrustal and subcrustal environments and plutonic granite, diorite, (gabbro) association (GDG) and its aureole. Discussions focus on petrography, origin, and setting of GDG plutonic rocks; mineralization styles associated with Phanerozoic (higher-level) granite, diorite, (gabbro) association; copper skarns and carbonate replacements; and magnetite skarn and replacement deposits. Manganese, uranium, antimony, mercury, and arsenic deposits, hydrothermal iron ores, and hydrothermal-plutoni... silver deposits are also discussed. The publication also takes a look at high- to medium-grade metamorphosed terrains, katazonal granites and pegmatites and continental fragmentation, rifts, and paleo-rifts. Topics include examples of modern rift and taphrogenic systems; mineralization styles in and related to the zone of ultrametamorphism and granitization; and petrography, origin, and setting of high-grade metamorphic terrains. The text is a valuable reference for readers interested in the study of Phanerozoic metallic ore deposits.

  • Refrigeration Processes

    A Practical Handbook on the Physical Properties of Refrigerants and their Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • N. S. Billington
    • English
    A comprehensive applications-oriente... treatment of the subject in two parts. The first part forms a useful introduction to basic principles dealing with the definitions of the physical properties and outlines the method of their calculation. The second part is devoted to calculated data on a range of refrigerants by means of extensive tables and diagrams. The treatment takes the form of a data sheet, one for each of about thirty refrigerants; this data sheet gives the essential information from which close approximations of pressure, temperature, volume and enthalpy can be made for any predicted conditions. Following this is a set of tables of saturation properties in both Imperial and SI/Metric Units, where they are available. Pressure Enthalpy charts follow the tables. The refrigerants are arranged in the order of the now almost universally accpeted numerical classification introduced by the American Standards Association and adopted by the British Standards Institution. All the information is clearly indexed and readily accessible, and will prove invaluable to all students who require a sound background knowledge and understanding of the subject, and practising engineers will find it an indispensable source of reference

  • Biological Oceanographic Processes

    • 3rd Edition
    • Timothy R. Parsons + 2 more
    • English
    This revised edition of a popular textbook is written for students, physical oceanographers, engineers, hydrologists, fisheries experts and a number of other professionals who require quantitative expressions of biological oceanographic phenomena. It is designed to lead the reader, step by step, through a progression from the distribution of marine organisms, to discussions on trophic relations, to a final chapter on some practical applications of biological oceanography to fisheries and pollution problems. The book covers subject matter in the pelagic and benthic environments, and is intended to bridge the gap between entirely descriptive oceanography texts and works on the mathematical modelling of marine ecosystems.

  • Transistors

    • 1st Edition
    • E. J. M. Kendall
    • English
    Transistors covers the main thread of transistor development. This book is organized into 2 parts encompassing 19, and starts with an overview of the semi-conductor physics pertinent to the understanding of transistors, as well as features and applications of the point contact devices and junction devices. The subsequent part deals with the modulation of conductance of thin films of conductors by surface charges, the metal-semi conductor, and the semi-conductor triode. These topics are followed by discussions on the nature of the forward current, physical principles in transistor, the hole injection in transistor, and the double-surface transistor in which the emitter and collector contacts bear on the two opposite faces of a thin wedge or slab of semiconductor. Other papers describe the effects of electrical forming on the rectifying barrier, the junction in semiconductors and transistors, the theory of Alpha for diffused junction transistors, and a high frequency diffused transistor. The last chapters consider unipolar, analog, and thin film transistors This book will be of value to physicists and researchers in the allied fields.

  • Quantitative and Statistical Approaches to Geography

    A Practical Manual
    • 1st Edition
    • John A. Matthews
    • W. B. Fisher
    • English
    Quantitative and Statistical Approaches to Geography: A Practical Manual is a practical introduction to some quantitative and statistical techniques of use to geographers and related scientists. This book is composed of 15 chapters, each begins with an outline of the purpose and necessary mechanics of a technique or group of techniques and is concluded with exercises and the particular approach adopted. These exercises aim to enhance student's ability to use the techniques as part of the process by which sound judgments are made according to scientific standards while tackling complex problems. After a brief introduction to the principles of quantitative and statistical geography, this book goes on dealing with the topics of measures of central tendency; probability statements and maps; the problem of time-dependence, time-series analysis, non-normality, and data transformations; and the elements of sampling methodology. Other chapters cover the confidence intervals and estimation from samples, statistical hypothesis testing, analysis of contingency tests, and non-parametric tests for independent and dependent samples. The final chapters consider the evaluation of correlation coefficients, regression prediction, and choice and limitations of statistical techniques. This book is of value to undergraduate geography students.

  • Biometeorology

    Proceedings of the Second International Bioclimatological Congress Held at the Royal Society of Medicine, London, 4–10 Sept. 1960, Organized by The International Society of Biometeorology
    • 1st Edition
    • S. W. Tromp
    • English
    Biometeorology is based on the proceedings of the Second International Bioclimatological Congress, held at The Royal Society of Medicine, London in September 1960. This book is a collection of selected reports from participating members of The International Society of Biometeorology. The compendium covers a wide range of issues related to the study of the direct and indirect interrelations between the geophysical and geochemical factors of the atmospheric environment and living organisms: plants, animals, and human. The book is divided into four main sections; themes are selected for the congress. The first theme covers topics on high altitude bioclimatology such as the physiological aspects of life at extreme altitudes. The second theme is about tropical bioclimatology or aspects of plant and animal life in tropical climates. The third deals with bioclimatological classifications, which is about the relations between the climate and the distribution of the living species on the Earth. The fourth theme, meteoro-pathological forecasting, discusses the consequences of anticipated meteorological conditions and weather types on living organisms. The text will be of use to biologists, health professionals, zoologists, botanists, agriculturists, sociologists, meteorologists, and ecologists.

  • Island Arcs

    Japan and Its Environs
    • 1st Edition
    • A. Sugimura + 1 more
    • English
    Developments in Geotectonics, 3: Island Arcs: Japan and its Environs focuses on geophysical and geological characteristics of island arcs. The book first reviews the geophysical and geological features of island arcs, including topography, crust and upper mantle structure, seismicity, direction of principal stresses of earthquakes, crustal deformation and fault systems, and geological structure. The distributions of Cenozoic volcanoes and hot springs, petrology of volcanic rocks, magnetic fields, and anomaly of electrical conductivity are also discussed. The publication also takes a look at the Cenozoic history of the Japanese Islands relative to the formation of island arcs. The Quaternary tectonic movements of Japan are reviewed. The text ponders on the processes under island arcs, such as generation and ascent of primary magma; convection current descending under island arcs; island arc tectonics and oceanic ridge tectonics; and mechanical process inferred from seismic wave radiation. The text is a valuable reference for geologists and readers interested in island arcs.

Related subjects