Books in Earth surface processes

Groundwater Discharge Tests: Simulation and Analysis

1st Edition
Volume 37
November 1, 1988
D. Clarke
English
eBook
9 7 8 0 0 8 0 8 7 0 2 8 1

This book describes microcomputer programs which can be used to simulate or analyse water production well and aquifer discharge test data. Computer graphics are used to help visualise the data, and output to plotters is also catered for. Simple confined aquifers, leaky confined aquifers, unconfined aquifers and a variety of boundary conditions are dealt with.The book and the microcomputer programs it describes will allow the reader to apply very flexible computer techniques to the analysis of his well and aquifer discharge test data. The speed of the microcomputer analyses will give the user the opportunity of looking at his data in more ways than he would otherwise be able to, thus giving insights into the data that would not otherwise be possible. The simulation programs permit the production of type curve data, which can then be used in comparison with the real data, or used in becoming familiar with the operation of the analysis programs.Although primarily intended for practicing hydrogeologists and universities teaching hydrogeology, this book would also be of interest to anyone having an interest in the effects of groundwater extraction. The programs will run on IBM PCs and compatibles with colour graphics.

Analysis of Water Resource Systems

1st Edition
Volume 32
September 1, 1988
L. Votruba
English
eBook
9 7 8 0 0 8 0 8 7 0 2 3 6

Water resource systems research provides a basis for rational water management in large basins. The design and operation of water resource systems are both the most complicated and the most important tasks of water management. This book deals with the basic issues involved in the application of systems sciences to water management.A survey of the systems sciences (the general systems theory, cybernetics, systems engineering, operations research and systems analysis) is presented, as well as the methods for water resource systems analysis and for water resource systems analysis and for their evaluation. The mathematical methods used in systems theory have been given detailed treatment. Linear and dynamic programming have been used as models of optimal programming. Since many practical tasks require the simulation models of water resource systems, apart from their principles and a detailed description, the simulation language for computing programming has been included. Other methods of operations research and their application to water resource systems have been analysed and evaluated. Some of these are: models of inventory theory, models of queuing theory, graphs, network analysis, and some special methods like the out-of-kilter algorithm, the chance-constrained model and the chance-constrained model combined with the simluation model. One chapter is devoted to information and information systems in water management. The final part of the book deals with prospects for water resource systems development.The book is intended for engineers and decision-makers involved in projects, operation and research. However, it can be used by students in high schools, technical universities and by graduate students. It will serve as an up-to-date source of information about the principles and methodology of water resource analysis and design.

Water and Wastewater Systems Analysis

1st Edition
Volume 34
July 1, 1988
D.J. Stephenson
English
eBook
9 7 8 0 0 8 0 8 7 0 2 5 0

This book provides a sound basis for analysing water supply schemes from the point of view of water quality. A systematic approach to decision making in water resources planning is presented with particular reference to wastewater re-use. Methods for deciding between recycling, purification or use of river water are given. The problems of poor quality water are documented and alternatives suggested, including management in a way to achieve objectives in the most economic manner.Various methods of system simulation and optimization are applied in a number of case studies. Methods of analysis and numerical methods are described, as well as the basis of pollution and water quality. The economics of desalination are also discussed. The examples studied range from regional supplies to internal re-circulation. Groundwater and artificial recharge are considered, and stormwater quality and sewerage systems are also covered. Computer applications exist throughout and a number of simulation and optimization programs in BASIC are presented. The necessity for scientific sampling procedures in monitoring water quality, an often ignored subject, was written by Professor Tom Sanders of Colorado State University.The theory and case studies should prove of value in many aspects of planning the use of water resources with quality constraints. Wastewater re-use and conservation are therefore promoted by the approach adopted.

Numerical Methods for Transport and Hydraulic Processes

1st Edition
Volume 2
June 1, 1988
M.A. Celia + 4 more
English
eBook
9 7 8 0 0 8 0 8 7 0 2 7 4

Modelling Surface and Sub-Surface Flows

1st Edition
Volume 35
June 1, 1988
M.A. Celia + 4 more
English
eBook
9 7 8 0 0 8 0 8 7 0 2 6 7

Hydraulic Processes on Alluvial Fans

1st Edition
Volume 31
June 1, 1987
R.H. French
English
eBook
9 7 8 0 0 8 0 8 7 0 2 2 9

Alluvial fans are among the most prominent landscape features in the American Southwest and throughout the semi-arid and arid regions of the world. The importance of developing a qualitative and quantitative understanding of the hydraulic processes which formed, and which continue to modify, these features derives from their rapid and significant development over the past four decades. As unplanned urban sprawl has moved from valley floors onto alluvial fans, the serious damage incurred from infrequent flow events has dramatically increased.This book presents a concise, coherent discussion of our current and rapidly expanding knowledge of hydraulic processes on alluvial fans. It addresses the subject from a multidisciplinary viewpoint, acquainting the geologist with engineering principles, and the civil engineer and planner with geological principles pertinent to the analysis of hydraulic processes on alluvial fans. The book thus provides much of interest to geologists, civil engineers and planners involved in floodplain management and drainage design in arid and semi-arid regions.

Microcomputer Programs for Groundwater Studies

1st Edition
Volume 30
June 1, 1987
D. Clarke
English
eBook
9 7 8 0 0 8 0 8 7 0 2 1 2

This book provides the practising hydrogeologist with a selection of microcomputer programs which the author has found to be very useful as an aid in the investigation of groundwater wells and aquifers. The programs are written in BASIC and are designed to suit as wide a range of computer as possible.The book begins with a group of programs which solve several of the most common functions encountered in groundwater science. These are then developed into programs capable of calculating drawdown in a variety of discharge rate/aquifer/boundar... configurations, either at one time, or a series of exponentially increasing times. The author shows how a computerised form of Newtons method (for solving difficult equations) may be applied to such tasks as evaluating storage coefficient if transmissivity is known. Lagrangian interpolation is used to produce accurate values from tabled functions, either within a program, or on demand.One of the major programs in the book may be used to enter discharge test data into a computer, edit it as required (e.g. change drawdown measurements from feet to metres, or water levels to drawdowns etc.), and finally to analyse the data. For example, three different methods are provided for evaluation of the well equation. Another program is provided for controlling a plotter to produce several popular types of discharge test graphs; and a new image well method is included for simulating boundaries consisting of straight line junctions between areas of two different transmissivities.Thi... is a practical book, written to solve real-life problems. Accordingly, program operation is clearly described, but derivation of equations and functions have been omitted. (For those readers wishing to check on derivations, references are provided). Readers familiar with microcomputer programming may apply the programs given here to their own work, perhaps incorporating them as subroutines into large, more specialized programs. Those unfamiliar with programming can use the programs as they are listed. All programs are designed to be run with no more than an occasional reference to the written instructions being necessary.

Remote Sensing in Soil Science

1st Edition
Volume 15
May 1, 1987
M.A. Mulders
English
eBook
9 7 8 0 0 8 0 8 6 9 8 3 4

This book provides comprehensive coverage of remote sensing techniques and their application in soil science. A clear, step-by-step approach to the various aspects ensures that the reader will gain a good grasp of the subject so that he can apply the techniques to his own field of study.The book opens with a thorough introduction to the physical aspects of electromagnetic radiation and the technical aspects of remote sensing and image processing. This is followed by a discussion of the methods for interpreting remote sensing data, and their application to soils, vegetation, and land as a whole.As the interpretation of soil conditions is based on many aspects (i.e. soil surface, vegetation, land use, land form), the scope of the book is correspondingly broad. It will therefore provide much useful information for students and scientists in soil science, geography, geology, hydrology, ecology, agriculture and civil engineering.

Water Resources and Water Management

1st Edition
Volume 28
January 1, 1987
M.K. Jermar
English
eBook
9 7 8 0 0 8 0 8 7 0 1 9 9

The size and number of water projects and other development activities which influence the hydrological cycle have reached such proportions that the majority of problems involved extend beyond the boundaries of the traditional disciplines of hydraulics, hydrochemistry, hydrology and hydrogeology.New scientific methods for the solution of the contemporary problems in water management include analogy, operation research, system analysis and cybernetics. The distinctive features of these methods are their emphasis on measurement and on the use of conceptual models described in quantitative terms, the verification of their theoretical predictions, and their awareness that concepts are conditional and subject to growth and continuous change. This new approach should be defined within the framework of water resources management, i.e. within a complex of activities whose objective is the optimum utilization of water resources with regard to their quality and availability and the requirements of society. These water management activities should at the same time also ensure an optimum living environment, above all through protection of water resources against deterioration and exhaustion as well as through the protection of society against the harmful effects of water. In the course of these activities water resources management should avail itself of the entire spectrum of explicit sciences, gradually coming to form the sphere of its own theory.This monograph deals with the fundamental interdisciplinary problems of this complex sphere, an understanding of which is indispensable for successful water resources management in the widest sense of its social functions and environmental consequences. Thus, a common basis is provided for the mutual understanding of specialists from different backgrounds.

Groundwater Modelling

1st Edition
Volume 25
January 1, 1986
W. Kinzelbach
English
eBook
9 7 8 0 0 8 0 8 7 0 1 6 8

With the growing concern about groundwater resources both with respect to quantity and quality, the need for groundwater modelling tools is increasing. Although there are a number of excellent introductions to the concepts of groundwater flow and pollution transport, the student or practising engineer wishing to develop a model and do practical work on the computer finds that there is still a gap between the understanding of concepts and the ability to handle the actual computations. A great deal of groundwater modelling software for personal computers and microcomputers has appeared recently, but taking these models from the shelf and applying them without a background on their capabilities often leads to disappointment and frustration. This book provides the reader with all necessary details to start modelling on his own. It gives a comprehensive introduction to the major techniques currently used in the modelling of groundwater flow and pollutant transport in groundwater. Both self-contained and comprehensive, it presents a wide variety of methods currently applied in the management, protection, and remediation of groundwater resources, which allows the reader to take the step from understanding the concepts to the ability to handle actual computations. All major techniques are illustrated by a total of 19 sample programs in BASIC which can be modified by the reader to suit his own need. The programs can be run directly on an Apple II+ or compatible personal computer, and with slight modifications, most can be transferred to other microcomputers with BASIC capability and at least 48K of central memory. The necessary modifications for running the programs on an IBM-PC are indicated in the appendix.Students and professionals in the fields of hydrogeology and civil and environmental engineering will find this to be an extremely useful book. Knowledge of the basic concepts of hydrogeology is assumed and, starting from that basis, the book will enable them to understand mathematical groundwater models and write computer programs of their own.

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