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Elsevier

Books in Laboratory instrumentation and automation

  • Sensitivity of Energetic Materials

    Prediction and Measurement of Shock, Impact, Friction, and Spark Sensitivity
    • 1st Edition
    • Mohammad Hossein Keshavarz
    • English
    Sensitivity of Energetic Materials: Prediction and Measurement of Shock, Impact, Friction, and Spark Sensitivity provides an in-depth exploration of the sensitivity of energetic materials, including how compounds such as explosives, propellants, and pyrotechnics respond to various external stimuli (sparks, shocks, impacts, and friction). Starting from foundational principles, the book systematically builds toward advanced experimental techniques and state-of-the-art computational models that predict material sensitivity and behavior. Its primary objectives are to synthesize the latest research, present practical testing methods, and deliver predictive tools that support safer, more innovative work with energetic materials, making it an essential reference for the field. The topic is both significant and timely, given the ongoing development of new energetic compounds, the need for rigorous safety standards, and the growing application of computational and machine learning methods in analytical chemistry and material science. Key themes include the underlying science of sensitivity, experimental protocols, computational and machine learning models, and real-world case studies addressing both established and emerging materials (including nitramines, polynitro arenes, and ionic liquids). The book’s structure encompasses theoretical background, measurement techniques, predictive modeling, and practical applications. Its target audience includes academic researchers, postgraduate students, and industry professionals in chemistry, materials science, engineering, defense, aerospace, mining, and industrial safety. By bridging theory and practice, and addressing inconsistencies in testing and data management, the book fills a critical gap in safety and innovation and empowers users to solve real-world problems efficiently, improve safety standards, and stay at the forefront of this rapidly evolving field.

  • Liquid Chromatography

    Fundamentals and Instrumentation
    • 3rd Edition
    • Salvatore Fanali + 4 more
    • English
    Liquid Chromatography: Fundamentals and Instrumentation, Third Edition offers a single source of authoritative information on all aspects of the practice of modern liquid chromatography. The book gives those working in academia and industry the opportunity to learn, refresh, and deepen their understanding of the field by covering basic and advanced theoretical concepts, recognition mechanisms, conventional and advanced instrumentation, method development, data analysis, and more. This third edition addresses new developments in the field with updated chapters from expert researchers. The book is a valuable reference for research scientists, teachers, university students, industry professionals in research and development, and quality control managers.

  • Liquid Chromatography

    Applications
    • 3rd Edition
    • Salvatore Fanali + 4 more
    • English
    Liquid Chromatography: Applications, Third Edition delivers a single source of authoritative information on all aspects of the practice of modern liquid chromatography. The text gives those working in academia and industry the opportunity to learn, refresh, and deepen their understanding of the field by covering basic and advanced theoretical concepts, recognition mechanisms, conventional and advanced instrumentation, method development, data analysis, and more. This third edition addresses new developments in the field with updated chapters from expert researchers. The book is a valuable reference for research scientists, teachers, university students, industry professionals in research and development, and quality control managers.

  • Liquid Chromatography

    Applications
    • 2nd Edition
    • Salvatore Fanali + 3 more
    • English
    Liquid Chromatography: Applications, Second Edition,is a single source of authoritative information on all aspects of the practice of modern liquid chromatography. It gives those working in both academia and industry the opportunity to learn, refresh, and deepen their knowledge of the wide variety of applications in the field. In the years since the first edition was published, thousands of papers have been released on new achievements in liquid chromatography, including the development of new stationary phases, improvement of instrumentation, development of theory, and new applications in biomedicine, metabolomics, proteomics, foodomics, pharmaceuticals, and more. This second edition addresses these new developments with updated chapters from the most expert researchers in the field.

  • Liquid Chromatography

    Fundamentals and Instrumentation
    • 2nd Edition
    • Salvatore Fanali + 3 more
    • English
    Liquid Chromatography: Fundamentals and Instrumentation, Second Edition, is a single source of authoritative information on all aspects of the practice of modern liquid chromatography. It gives those working in both academia and industry the opportunity to learn, refresh, and deepen their understanding of new fundamentals and instrumentation techniques in the field. In the years since the first edition was published, thousands of papers have been released on new achievements in liquid chromatography, including the development of new stationary phases, improvement of instrumentation, development of theory, and new applications in biomedicine, metabolomics, proteomics, foodomics, pharmaceuticals, and more. This second edition addresses these new developments with updated chapters from the most expert researchers in the field.

  • Purification of Laboratory Chemicals

    • 8th Edition
    • W.L.F. Armarego
    • English
    Purification of Laboratory Chemicals, Eighth Edition, tabulates methods taken from literature for purifying thousands of individual commercially available chemicals. To help in applying this information, the more common processes currently used for purification in chemical laboratories and new methods are discussed. For dealing with substances not separately listed, a chapter is included setting out the usual methods for purifying specific classes of compounds.

  • TRAC: Trends in Analytical Chemistry

    Volume 11
    • 1st Edition
    • U.A.Th. Brinkman + 2 more
    • English
    TRAC: Trends in Analytical Chemistry, Volume 11 presents relevant topics in global analytical chemistry research. This book discusses the fundamental principle of competitive immunoassays. Organized into 27 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the general and important contributions relating to the presentation of forensic evidence to courts of law. This text then discusses the importance of the analysis of scanned measuring quantities. Other chapters consider the advantages as well as the drawbacks of coupled chromatographic methods. This book discusses as well the status of analytical chemistry within the broader scientific arena as a practical rather than fundamentally oriented discipline. The final chapter deals with the properly functioning process control system in manufacturing insulin by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP–HPLC). This book is a valuable resource for analytical, organic, clinical, and regulatory chemists. Electrochemists, scientists, students, engineers, researcher workers, and other practitioners will also find this book extremely useful.

  • Mass Spectrometry

    Techniques for Structural Characterization of Glycans
    • 1st Edition
    • Michael A. Madson
    • English
    Mass Spectrometry: Techniques for the Structural Characterization of Glycans presents new methods for conducting detailed carbohydrate qualitative analysis—arming analytical chemists, pharmaceutical scientists, and food scientists with a quick reference that will allow them to determine the structures of carbohydrates molecules. As there is a need in the scientific community for content specific to structural determination and analysis of new glycoprotein drug, and because structure-activity analysis requires a structural determination of the N- and O-linked oligosaccharides linked to glycol-proteins, this book provides the relevant research that are necessary for advances and new outcomes in this area of study.

  • Experimental Organic Chemistry

    Laboratory Manual
    • 1st Edition
    • JoaquĂ­n Isac-GarcĂ­a + 3 more
    • English
    Experimental Organic Chemistry: Laboratory Manual is designed as a primer to initiate students in Organic Chemistry laboratory work. Organic Chemistry is an eminently experimental science that is based on a well-established theoretical framework where the basic aspects are well established but at the same time are under constant development. Therefore, it is essential for future professionals to develop a strong background in the laboratory as soon as possible, forming good habits from the outset and developing the necessary skills to address the challenges of the experimental work. This book is divided into three parts. In the first, safety issues in laboratories are addressed, offering tips for keeping laboratory notebooks. In the second, the material, the main basic laboratory procedures, preparation of samples for different spectroscopic techniques, Microscale, Green Chemistry, and qualitative organic analysis are described. The third part consists of a collection of 84 experiments, divided into 5 modules and arranged according to complexity. The last two chapters are devoted to the practices at Microscale Synthesis and Green Chemistry, seeking alternatives to traditional Organic Chemistry.

  • Determination of Beta-Blockers in Biological Material

    Evaluation of Analytical Methods in Biological Systems
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 4
    • V. Marko
    • English
    This is the third volume of a sub-series entitled Evaluation of Analytical Methods in Biological Systems. (The first two were Analysis of Biogenic Amines edited by G.B. Baker and R.T. Coutts, and Hazardous Metals in Human Toxicology edited by A. Vercruysse).This latest volume addresses beta-blockers - an area of research for which a Nobel Prize in Medicine was awarded in 1988. It provides an up-to-date and comprehensive coverage of the theory and practice of the determination of beta-blockers in biological material. Two main fields of research are dealt with in this book: analytical chemistry and pharmacology, and, as it deals with drugs used in clinical practice, it is also related to a third area: therapy. Thus, it offers relevant information to workers in all three fields.Some 50 beta-blockers are discussed, and nine methods of analysis. The methods are divided into three groups: optical, chromatographic, and saturation methods. In addition to the analytical methods themselves, sample handling problems are also discussed in detail, as is the information content of the analytical results obtained. Special chapters are directed towards those working in pharmacology and pharmacokinetics. Finally, as recent evidence points to the increased importance of distinguishing optical isomers of drugs, a chapter on the determination of optical isomers of beta-blockers in biological material is also included. An extensive subject index and two supplements giving retention indices and structures of beta-blockers complete the book.This is the first book to treat beta-blockers from the point of view of their determination and to discuss in detail the use of analytical methods for beta-blockers. It will thus appeal to a wide-ranging readership.

  • High Performance Liquid Chromatography

    • 1st Edition
    • Mary T. Gilbert
    • English
    High Performance Liquid Chromatography focuses on the developments, operating techniques, practices, equipment, and packing materials involved in High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The book first offers information on basic chromatographic theory, equipment, and the column. Topics include resolution, efficiency, pumps and gradient systems, connectors, detectors, injectors, column packing and testing, packing materials, and coupling of columns. The text also ponders on sample treatment and separation methods, as well as trace analysis, reversed phase chromatography, and selection/optimizati... conditions. The publication examines adjustment of selectivity by the use of eluent additives and preparative liquid chromatography. Discussions focus on chromatography on dynamically modified oxide gels, metal complexation, crown ethers, ion pair chromatography, materials for preparative chromatography, and separation strategy. The text also reviews the trends in the practice of HPLC and chiral chromatography. The book is a dependable reference for readers interested in High Performance Liquid Chromatography.

  • Autoradiography and Immunocytochemistry

    Practical Methods in Electron Microscopy
    • 1st Edition
    • M.A. Williams
    • Audrey. M. Glauert
    • English
    Autoradiography and Immunocytochemistry sets out in detail the preparation of autoradiographs and methods of preparing and use of immunological staining reagents. This book begins with an introduction to the demand for autoradiography and immunocytochemistry and their most advantageous use, followed by a discussion on the immunocytochemistry at the electron microscopical (EM) level in relation to the preparation of labeled antibodies. Other topics include the general remarks on “staining” with antibodies; applying Fer-Ab conjugates to ultrathin sections; and controls in immunoferritin staining. The multistep antibody staining methods with unmodified proteins; control observations in staining experiments using lectins; and pattern analysis in EM immunocytochemistry are also covered. This text concludes with a description of the preparation of electron microscope autoradiographs, including the radioisotopes in EM autoradiography, preparation of radioactively-labele... tissues and cells, and methods of applying nuclear emulsions. This publication serves as a detailed laboratory guide for researchers and workers to successfully conduct electron microscope techniques.

  • Essays on Analytical Chemistry

    In Memory of Professor Anders Ringbom
    • 1st Edition
    • Erkki Wänninen
    • English
    Essays on Analytical Chemistry: In Memory of Professor Anders Ringbom is a collection of analytical chemistry papers and research studies in honor of the memory of Professor Anders Ringbom, a highly esteemed researcher and teacher. The papers are grouped under the following headings: Chemical Equilibria, Titrations, Photometric Analysis, Electrochemistry, Separations, Trace Analysis, Kinetic Analysis, and Other Analytical Topics. This book is organized into eight parts encompassing 52 chapters. The first part deals with the concept of chemical equilibria in acid-base and metal complexes. The next parts cover the applications of different titration techniques, photometric analysis, electrochemistry, and separation techniques. Other parts highlight the principles and application of trace analysis, including the determination of heavy metals and airborne particulates. The last parts contain papers that examine the analytical application of the rate phenomena of several chemical reactions. These parts also tackle the topics of sampling, statistical analysis in analytical chemistry, and the features of photoelectron spectroscopy and capillary electrophoresis. This book will be of great value to analytical chemists, researchers, and analytical chemistry students.

  • TRAC: Trends in Analytical Chemistry

    Volume 7
    • 1st Edition
    • U A Th Brinkman + 2 more
    • English
    TRAC: Trends in Analytical Chemistry, Volume 7 provides information pertinent to the trends in the field of analytical chemistry. This book discusses a variety of topics related to analytical chemistry, including biomolecular mass spectroscopy, affinity chromatography, electrochemical detection, nucleosides, and protein sequencing. Organized into 63 parts encompassing 158 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the significance of quality and productivity in the analytical laboratory. This text then presents a comprehensive review on alcohol dehydrogenases, immobilization, and applications in analysis and synthesis. Other chapters consider the various tests for determining the excellence of quantitative assays available for analysts to utilize for method validation. This book discusses as well the primary challenge of neuropharmacologists to relate physiological functions to the many ligand binding sites identified in brain tissue. The final chapter deals with the fundamentals and applications of biosensors. This book is a valuable resource for analytical chemists, chemical engineers, clinical chemists, neuropharmacologists... and scientists.

  • TRAC: Trends in Analytical Chemistry

    Volume 10
    • 1st Edition
    • U A Th Brinkman + 2 more
    • English
    TRAC: Trends in Analytical Chemistry, Volume 10 presents relevant topics in global analytical chemistry research. This book discusses the potential of flow injection analysis for water quality monitoring. Organized into 27 parts encompassing 67 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the amount of published information on analytical chemistry research. This text then examines the analytical technique in the electrophoretic separations in narrow bore tubes, which is capable of rapid, high-resolution separations of water-soluble components in small sample volumes. Other chapters consider the application of polynomial and B-spline interpolation to the description of cyclic voltammetric features. This book discusses as well the methods used to investigate the properties of ceramic high-transition-temp... superconductors. The final chapter deals with the importance of monitoring and protecting the environment based on measurement campaigns. This book is a valuable resource for analytical chemists, environmental chemists, and biochemists. Pharmacologists, scientists, students, researcher workers, and other practitioners will also find this book useful.

  • Newer Methods of Preparative Organic Chemistry V2

    • 1st Edition
    • Wilhelm Foerst
    • English
    Newer Methods of Preparative Organic Chemistry, Volume II focuses on several improved methods in preparative organic chemistry. This book presents a variety of detailed laboratory procedures in organic chemistry. Organized into 14 chapters, this volume starts with an overview of the compound acetoacetaldehyde, which is prepared from sodium formylacetone with acetic anhydride in ether. This text then explains the requirements I a rational peptide synthesis, including controlled reaction conditions, retention of optical activity, high yields, and analogous applicability to free amino acids and to terminal amino acids of oligopeptides. Other chapters consider the general equation of the inner anhydride of acetic acid. This book discusses as well the relation between polarity and reactivity in phosphines. The final chapter deals with the methylation of aromatic compounds, which is a typical radical reaction. This book is intended for synthetic organic chemists. Graduate students and research workers in the fields of organic chemistry and biochemistry will find this book useful.

  • A Practical Guide to HPLC Detection

    • 1st Edition
    • Donald Parriott
    • English
    This guide for the practicing chromatographer who wants a ready source of information on HPLC detection explores and compares existing detection systems and detectors, outlines the common problems associated with a given detector, and offers proven approaches to avoiding such problems.

  • Polymer Thermodynamics by Gas Chromatography

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 4
    • R. VĂ®lcu + 1 more
    • English
    This book presents direct and inverse gas chromatography as a powerful tool for determining a great number of thermodynamic properties and quantities for micro- and especially for macromolecular substances. In order to ensure the continuity and clarity of the presentation, the book first considers some frequently used concepts of chromatography with a mobile gas phase, i.e. the mechanism of separation, retention parameters and the theories of gas chromatography. The employment of this technique as an important method of studying solutions through the most representative statistical models is also discussed. The thermodynamics of direct gas chromatography, as applied to dissolution, adsorption and vaporization underlies the thermodynamic treatment of inverse gas chromatography. The most extensive chapter of the book is devoted to the thermodynamics of inverse gas chromatography and deals with a number of important topics: phase transitions in crystalline-amorphou... polymers and liquid crystals, glass transitions, other second order transitions in polymers, the determination of diffusion coefficients, the segregation of block copolymers and other applications.This book is intended for those specialists in research and industry who are concerned with the modification and characterization of polymers, with establishing polymer applications, and with the processing of polymers. It will also be useful to students and specialists interested in the physico-chemical basis of the phenomena involved in gas chromatography in general and its inverse variant in particular.

  • Automatic Titrators

    • 1st Edition
    • J Philips
    • English
    Automatic Titrators focuses on the contributions and effects of modern automation on volumetric analysis. The book presents titration as a modern instrumental method in this kind of analysis. Divided into nine chapters, the book proceeds by defining the value of automatic titration methods. The text also outlines the general considerations of titrate design wherein instrumental indicators, recorders, and controllers are given emphasis. Automatic potentiometric titrates are also discussed. A historical tracing of these titrators is presented as well as the trends and kinds of modern automatic titrators. The book also touches on automatic photometric and automatic coulometric titrators. Supporting discussions focus on photosensitive devices; photometric titration curves; coulometric circuits; instruments with potentiometric, amperometric, and photometric indication; and multipurpose coulometric titrators. The book ends by fully discussing automatic and continuous titrators, commercially available titrators, and applications of automatic titration methods. The selection can best serve those wanting to explore the function of titrators in volumetric analysis.

  • Annual Reports on NMR Spectroscopy

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 77
    • Graham A. Webb
    • English
    Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is an analytical tool used by chemists and physicists to study the structure and dynamics of molecules. In recent years, no other technique has gained such significance as NMR spectroscopy. It is used in all branches of science in which precise structural determination is required and in which the nature of interactions and reactions in solution is being studied. Annual Reports on NMR Spectroscopy has established itself as a premier means for the specialist and non-specialist alike to become familiar with new techniques and applications of NMR spectroscopy.

  • Annual Reports on NMR Spectroscopy

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 76
    • Graham A. Webb
    • English
    Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is an analytical tool used by chemists and physicists to study the structure and dynamics of molecules. In recent years, no other technique has gained such significance as NMR spectroscopy. It is used in all branches of science in which precise structural determination is required and in which the nature of interactions and reactions in solution is being studied. Annual Reports on NMR Spectroscopy has established itself as a premier means for the specialist and non-specialist alike to become familiar with new techniques and applications of NMR spectroscopy.

  • Comprehensive Sampling and Sample Preparation

    Analytical Techniques for Scientists
    • 1st Edition
    • Janusz Pawliszyn + 6 more
    • English
    Comprehensive Sampling and Sample Preparation is a complete treatment of the theory and methodology of sampling in all physical phases and the theory of sample preparation for all major extraction techniques. It is the perfect starting point for researchers and students to design and implement their experiments and support those experiments with quality-reviewed background information. In its four volumes, fundamentals of sampling and sample preparation are reinforced through broad and detailed sections dealing with Biological and Medical, Environmental and Forensic, and Food and Beverage applications. The contributions are organized to reflect the way in which analytical chemists approach a problem. It is intended for a broad audience of analytical chemists, both educators and practitioners of the art and can assist in the preparation of courses as well in the selection of sampling and sample preparation techniques to address the challenges at hand. Above all, it is designed to be helpful in learning more about these topics, as well as to encourage an interest in sampling and sample preparation by outlining the present practice of the technology and by indicating research opportunities.

  • Isotachophoresis

    Theory, Instrumentation and Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 6
    • F.M. Everaerts + 2 more
    • English

  • Instrumentation for High Performance Liquid Chromatography

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 13
    • J.F.K. Huber
    • English

  • Annual Reports on NMR Spectroscopy

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 72
    • Graham A. Webb
    • English
    Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is an analytical tool used by chemists and physicists to study the structure and dynamics of molecules. In recent years, no other technique has gained such significance as NMR spectroscopy. It is used in all branches of science in which precise structural determination is required and in which the nature of interactions and reactions in solution is being studied. Annual Reports on NMR Spectroscopy has established itself as a premier means for the specialist and non-specialist alike to become familiar with new techniques and applications of NMR spectroscopy.

  • Annual Reports on NMR Spectroscopy

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 69
    • Graham A. Webb
    • English
    In recent years, no other technique has gained such significance as NMR spectroscopy. It is used in all branches of science in which precise structural determination is required and in which the nature of interactions and reactions in solution is being studied. Annual Reports on NMR Spectroscopy has established itself as a premier means for the specialist and non-specialist alike to become familiar with new techniques and applications of NMR spectroscopy.

  • Annual Reports on NMR Spectroscopy

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 67
    • Graham A. Webb
    • English
    Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is an analytical tool used by chemists and physicists to study the structure and dynamics of molecules. In recent years, no other technique has gained such significance as NMR spectroscopy. It is used in all branches of science in which precise structural determination is required and in which the nature of interactions and reactions in solution is being studied. Annual Reports on NMR Spectroscopy has established itself as a premier means for the specialist and non-specialist alike to become familiar with new techniques and applications of NMR spectroscopy.

  • Annual Reports on NMR Spectroscopy

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 66
    • Graham A. Webb
    • English
    Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is an analytical tool used by chemists and physicists to study the structure and dynamics of molecules. In recent years, no other technique has gained such significance as NMR spectroscopy. It is used in all branches of science in which precise structural determination is required and in which the nature of interactions and reactions in solution is being studied. <I>Annual Reports on NMR Spectroscopy</I&g... has established itself as a premier means for the specialist and non-specialist alike to become familiar with new techniques and applications of NMR spectroscopy.

  • Annual Reports on NMR Spectroscopy

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 65
    • Graham A. Webb
    • English
    Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is an analytical tool used by chemists and physicists to study the structure and dynamics of molecules. In recent years, no other technique has gained such significance as NMR spectroscopy. It is used in all branches of science where precise structural determination is required and where the nature of interactions and reactions in solution is being studied. Annual Reports on NMR Spectroscopy has established itself as a premier means for the specialist and non-specialist alike to become familiar with new techniques and applications of NMR spectroscopy.

  • The Use of Electrochemical Scanning Tunnelling Microscopy (EC-STM) in Corrosion Analysis

    Reference Material and Procedural Guidelines
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 44
    • R Lindstrom + 3 more
    • English
    The European Federation of Corrosion’s Working Party on Surface Science and the Mechanisms of Corrosion and Protection (EFC WP6) has defined, as one of its objectives, the development of a reference material and reference guidelines for the application of electrochemical scanning tunnelling microscopy (EC-STM) in corrosion science. The use of EC-STM to study the relationship between surface structure and surface reactivity in situ on electrodes in contact with an electrolyte is of major importance in corrosion research. This report describes the reference material and procedural guidelines required to use this technique effectively. STM-users are instructed how to obtain high resolution data on a carefully prepared copper single-crystal surface.

  • Microwave-assisted Organic Synthesis

    One Hundred Reaction Procedures
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 25
    • D. Bogdal
    • English
    Microwave-assisted Organic Synthesis: One Hundred Reaction Procedures provides readers with a broad overview of microwave assisted organic synthesis, enabling students and researchers alike to produce more efficient and high yield syntheses while saving time and resources. The work addresses key issues faced by chemistry laboratories in academia and in industry, including an ever increasing need for procedures which are low-waste, energy efficient, high yield, occur over a short reaction period, and use environmentally friendly solvents. All these factors play an important role in the development of "green chemistry" methods, making this book an excellent resource for any laboratory or library.

  • Microscopy Techniques for Materials Science

    • 1st Edition
    • A Clarke + 1 more
    • English
    This comprehensive reference work provides an overview of, and practical guide to, the various computer-aided microscopical techniques used in materials science today. After introducing the reader to the basic concepts of optics, the interactions between light and matter, and image processing, the book goes on to discuss in depth both 2D reflection microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The application of these techniques to the characterisation of materials is abundantly illustrated by hundreds of photographs and illustrations, and through specific case studies. There is also discussion of other modern optical imaging techniques and of non-optical ones such as x-ray micrography. This reference text is essential both for beginners looking for an introduction to the subject as well as advanced materials researchers in the fields where optical microscopy is used.

  • Separation Methods in Drug Synthesis and Purification

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 1
    • Klara Valko
    • English

  • Interlaboratory Studies and Certified Reference Materials for Environmental Analysis

    The BCR Approach
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 22
    • E.A. Maier + 1 more
    • English
    The participation in interlaboratory studies and the use of Certified Reference Materials (CRMs) are widely recognised tools for the verification of the accuracy of analytical measurements and they form an integral part of quality control systems used by many laboratories, e.g. in accreditation schemes. As a response to the need to improve the quality of environmental analysis, the European Commission has been active in the past fifteen years, through BCR activity (now renamed Standards, Measurements and Testing Programme) in the organisation of series of interlaboratory studies involving expert laboratories in various analytical fields (inorganic, trace organic and speciation analysis applied to a wide variety of environmental matrices). The BCR and its successor have the task of helping European laboratories to improve the quality of measurements in analytical sectors which are vital for the European Union (biomedical, agriculture, food, environment and industry); these are most often carried out in support of EC regulations, industrial needs, trade, monitoring activities (including environment, agriculture, health and safety) and, more generally, when technical difficulties hamper a good comparability of data among EC laboratories. The collaborative projects carried out so far have placed the BCR in the position of second world CRM producer (after NIST in the USA).Interlaboratory Studies and Certification of Reference Materials for Environmental Analysis gives an account of the importance of reference materials for the quality control of environmental analysis and describes in detail the procedures followed by BCR to prepare environmental reference materials, including aspects related to sampling, stabilization, homogenisation, homogeneity and stability testing, establishment of reference (or certified) values, and use of reference materials. Examples of environmental CRMs produced by BCR within the last 15 years are given, which represent more than 70 CRMs covering different types of materials (plants, biological materials, waters, sediments, soils and sludges, coals, ash and dust materials) certified for a range of chemical parameters (major and trace elements, chemical species, PAHs, PCBs, pesticides and dioxins).The final section of the book describes how to organise improvement schemes for the evaluation method and/or laboratory performance. Examples of interlaboratory studies (learning scheme, proficiency testing and intercomparison in support to prenormative research) are also given.

  • Experiments in Catalytic Reaction Engineering

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 124
    • J.M. Berty
    • English
    The science of catalytic reaction engineering studies the catalyst and the catalytic process in the laboratory in order to predict how they will perform in production-scale reactors. Surprises are to be avoided in the scaleup of industrial processes. The laboratory results must account for flow, heat and mass transfer influences on reaction rate to be useful for scaleup. Calculated performance based on these results must also be useful to maximization of profit and safety and minimization of pollution. To this end, information on products as well as byproducts and heat produced must be generated. If a sufficiently large database of knowledge is produced, optimization studies will be possible later if economic conditions change.The field of reaction engineering required new tools. For kinetic and catalyst testing, the most successful of these tools was the internal recycle reactor. Studies in recycle reactors can be made under well-defined conditions of flow and associated transfer processes, and close to commercial operation. The recycle reactor eliminates or minimizes the effect of transfer process, and allows the remaining ones to be known.Features of this book:• Provides insight into a field that is neither well understood nor properly appreciated.• Gives a deeper understanding of reaction engineering practice.• Helps avoid frustration and disappointment in industrial research. This book is short and clear enough to assist all members of the R&D and Engineering team, whether reaction engineers, or specialists in other fields. This is critical in this new age of computation and communication, when team members must each know at least something of their colleagues' fields. Additionally, many scientists in more exploratory or fundamental fields can use recycle reactors to study basic phenomena free of transfer interactions.

  • Interfacial Tensiometry

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 3
    • A.I. Rusanov + 1 more
    • English
    This is the first monograph devoted to interfacial tensiometry and is therefore the definitive source of information on measuring surface tension. More than 40 methods for measuring surface tension both at the liquid-fluid and solid-fluid boundaries are described including methods using computational techniques, tele- and video-apparatus, and laser techniques. A central place in the book has been given to methods based on the investigation of properties of liquid and gaseous menisci both in the presence or absence of a gravitational field and a rotational one. Their description is preceded by a chapter on the theory of menisci including the derivation of various forms of the Laplace formula. The application of the methods for studying the equilibrium and dynamic surface tension has been considered. Dynamic methods used for very small surface life-times are described and a separate chapter is devoted to the theory of surface tension which will ensure a better understanding of the material. A systematic analysis of the material embracing all kinds of interfaces including solid surfaces, the history of each method, its theoretical foundation, characterization of measuring procedures and setups, a large number of numeric tables and plots and representative illustrations make the book encyclopedic in character.

  • Sourcebook of Advanced Organic Laboratory Preparations

    • 1st Edition
    • Stanley R. Sandler + 1 more
    • English
    In the case of students, this laboratory preparations manual can be used to find additional experiments to illustrate concepts in synthesis and to augment existing laboratory texts. A name reaction index is also included to direct the reader to the location where specific reactions appear in this manual. The industrial chemist is frequently required to prepare a variety of compounds, and this manual can serve as a convenient guide to choose a synthetic route.

  • Stationary Phases in Gas Chromatography

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 48
    • H. Rotzsche
    • English
    The primary aim of this volume is to make the chemist familiar with the numerous stationary phases and column types, with their advantages and disadvantages, to help in the selection of the most suitable phase for the type of analytes under study. The book also provides detailed information on the chemical structure, physico-chemical behaviour, experimental applicability, physical data of liquid and solid stationary phases and solid supports. Such data were previously scattered throughout the literature. To understand the processes occurring in the separation column and to offer a manual both to the beginner and to the experienced chromatographer, one chapter is devoted to the basic theoretical aspects. Further, as the effectiveness of the stationary phase can only be considered in relation to the column type, a chapter on different column types and the arrangement of the stationary phase within the column is included.The secondary aim of this book is to stimulate the development of new and improved standardized stationary phases and columns, in order to improve the reproducibility of separations, as well as the range of applications.

  • Automatic Methods of Analysis

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 9
    • M. Valcárcel + 1 more
    • English
    This new monograph provides a comprehensive overview of the state of the art of the automation of laboratory processes in analytical chemistry. The topics have been chosen according to such criteria as the degree of consolidation, scope of application and most promising trends.The first part of the book begins with the basic principles behind the automation of laboratory processes, then describes automatic systems for sampling and sample treatment. In the second part the principal types of analysers are discussed: continuous, batch and robotic. The third part is devoted to the automation of analytical instrumentation: spectroscopic, electroanalytical and chromatographic techniques and titrators. The last part presents some examples of the application of automation to clinical chemistry, environmental pollution monitoring and industrial process control.The text is supplemented by 290 figures and 800 literature references. It is written primarily for scientists directly involved in laboratory work and those responsible for industrial planning and control, research centres, etc. It will also be of interest to analytical chemists wishing to update their knowledge in this area, and will be of especial interest to scientists directly related to environmental sciences or clinical chemistry.

  • Fixation, Dehydration and Embedding of Biological Specimens

    • 1st Edition
    • A.M. Glauert
    • English