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Elsevier

Books in Life sciences

  • Rational Machines and Artificial Intelligence

    • 1st Edition
    • Tshilidzi Marwala
    • English
    Intelligent machines are populating our social, economic and political spaces. These intelligent machines are powered by Artificial Intelligence technologies such as deep learning. They are used in decision making. One element of decision making is the issue of rationality. Regulations such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) require that decisions that are made by these intelligent machines are explainable. Rational Machines and Artificial Intelligence proposes that explainable decisions are good but the explanation must be rational to prevent these decisions from being challenged. Noted author Tshilidzi Marwala studies the concept of machine rationality and compares this to the rationality bounds prescribed by Nobel Laureate Herbert Simon and rationality bounds derived from the work of Nobel Laureates Richard Thaler and Daniel Kahneman. Rational Machines and Artificial Intelligence describes why machine rationality is flexibly bounded due to advances in technology. This effectively means that optimally designed machines are more rational than human beings. Readers will also learn whether machine rationality can be quantified and identify how this can be achieved. Furthermore, the author discusses whether machine rationality is subjective. Finally, the author examines whether a population of intelligent machines collectively make more rational decisions than individual machines. Examples in biomedical engineering, social sciences and the financial sectors are used to illustrate these concepts.

  • Recent Advances in iPSC Technology

    • 1st Edition
    • Alexander Birbrair
    • English
    The series Advances in Stem Cell Biology is a timely and expansive collection of comprehensive information and new discoveries in the field of stem cell biology.Recent Advances in iPSC Technology, Volume 5 addresses the progress in induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) technologies.Somatic cells can be reprogrammed into iPSCs by the expression of specific transcription factors. These cells are transforming biomedical research in the last 15 years. The volume teaches readers about current advances in the field. This book describes different technologies and strategies to use iPSCs for biological and clinical benefit. In recent years, remarkable progress has been made in the obtention of iPSCs and their differentiation into several cell types, tissues, and organs using state-of-the-art techniques. These advantages facilitated identification of key targets and definition of the molecular basis of several disorders. This volume will cover hot topics in the iPSC field, such as iPSCs for modeling the cardiovascular toxicities of anticancer therapies, iPSC differentiation through the lens of the noncoding genome, modeling of blood–brain barrier with iPSCs, mathematical modeling of iPSCs, iPSCs to study human brain evolution, selfrenewal in iPSCs, differences and similarities between iPSCs and embryonic stem cells, and more.The volume is written for researchers and scientists interested in stem cell therapy, cell biology, regenerative medicine, and organ transplantation and is contributed by world-renowned authors in the field.

  • Handbook of Decision Support Systems for Neurological Disorders

    • 1st Edition
    • D. Jude Hemanth
    • English
    Handbook of Decision Support Systems for Neurological Disorders provides readers with complete coverage of advanced computer-aided diagnosis systems for neurological disorders. While computer-aided decision support systems for different medical imaging modalities are available, this is the first book to solely concentrate on decision support systems for neurological disorders. Due to the increase in the prevalence of diseases such as Alzheimer, Parkinson’s and Dementia, this book will have significant importance in the medical field. Topics discussed include recent computational approaches, different types of neurological disorders, deep convolution neural networks, generative adversarial networks, auto encoders, recurrent neural networks, and modified/hybrid artificial neural networks.

  • Reprogramming the Genome: Applications of CRISPR-Cas in non-mammalian systems part A

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 179
    • English
    Reprogramming the Genome: Applications of CRISPR-Cas in Non-mammalian Systems, Part A presents a collation of chapters written by global, eminent scientists. CRISPR-Cas9 system is an RNA-mediated immune system of bacteria and archaea that protects from bacteriophage infections. It is one of the revolutionized technologies to uplift biology to the next stages. Chapters in this release include An Introduction and applications of CRISPR-Cas Systems, History, evolution and classification of CRISPR-Cas associated systems, CRISPR based bacterial genome editing and removal of pathogens, CRISPR based genome editing and removal of human viruses, CRISPR based development of RNA editing and diagnostic platform, and much more. Additional sections cover Genome engineering in insects for control of vector borne diseases, Development of insect cell line using CRISPR technology, CRISPRing protozoan parasites to better understand the biology of diseases, CRISPR based genome editing of Caenorhabditis elegans, and a variety of other important topics.

  • What does Medial Frontal Cortex Signal During Behavior? Insights from Behavioral Neurophysiology

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 158
    • English
    What does Medial Frontal Cortex Signal During Behavior? Insights from Behavioral Neurophysiology, Volume 158 addresses and highlights a question that has remained central to cognitive and systems neuroscience since its inception, namely, what does the medial frontal cortex do? With insights from 17 of the fields leading teams of scientists, this volume attempts to address this question covering several topics with chapters including What do single unit responses in dorsal anterior cingulate cortex mean?, Social Processing by the Primate Medial Frontal Cortex, Medial frontal cortex and the temporal control of action, The midcingulate cortex and temporal integration, and more. Additional chapters cover The anterior cingulate cortex and event-based modulation of autonomic states, Integration of value and action in medial prefrontal neural systems, Secondary motor cortex: broadcasting and biasing animal’s decisions through long-range circuits, The prefrontal cortex in social cognition, Representing task strategies in the medial prefrontal cortex, Prefrontal contributions to action control in rodents, From affective to cognitive processings: functional organization of the medial frontal cortex, and much more.

  • Web Semantics

    Cutting Edge and Future Directions in Healthcare
    • 1st Edition
    • Sarika Jain + 2 more
    • English
    Web Semantics strengthen the description of web resources to exploit them better and make them more meaningful for both humans and machines, thereby contributing to the development of a knowledgeintensive data web. The world is experiencing the movement of concept from data to knowledge and the movement of web from document model to data model. The underlying idea is making the data machine understandable and processable. In the light of these trends, conciliation of Semantic and the Web is of paramount importance for further progress in the area. Web Semantics: Cutting Edge and Future Directions in Healthcare describes the three major components of the study of Semantic Web, namely Representation, Reasoning, and Security with a special focus on the healthcare domain. This book summarizes the trends and current research advances in web semantics, emphasizing the existing tools and techniques, methodologies, and research solutions. It provides easily comprehensible information on Web Semantics including semantics for data and semantics for services.

  • Carcinogen-Driven Mouse Models of Oncogenesis

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 163
    • English
    Carcinogen-Driven Mouse Models of Oncogenesis, Volume 163 contains a series of protocols written by world-leading experts in the field. Each manuscript provides a detailed methodological description to drive carcinogen-mediated oncogenesis in mice. Chapters in this new release include Chemical carcinogenesis in mice as a model of human cancer: Pros and cons, MPA/DMBA-driven mammary carcinomas, Dimethylbenz(a)anthr... Mammary Tumorigenesis in mice, Urethane-induced lung carcinogenesis, Methylcholanthrene-i... fibrosarcomas, BBN-driven bladder carcinomas, Oral squamous cell carcinomas driven by 4NQO, Analyzing skin tumor development in mice by the DMBA/TPA model, and much more. Other sections cover DSS/AOM-driven colorectal carcinomas, Diethylnitrosamine-i... liver tumorigenesis in mice, Two-stage 3-methylcholanthrene and butylated hydroxytoluene-induc... lung carcinogenesis in mice, Lung carcinomas induced by NNK and LPS, Pristane-induced mammary carcinomas, The 4-NQO mouse model: an update on a well-established in vivo model of oral carcinogenesis, and more.

  • Biofertilizers

    Volume 1: Advances in Bio-inoculants
    • 1st Edition
    • Amitava Rakshit + 4 more
    • English
    Biofertilizers, Volume One: Advances in Bio-inoculants provides state-of-the-art descriptions of various approaches, techniques and basic fundamentals of BI used in crop fertilization practices. The book presents research within a relevant theoretical framework to improve our understanding of core issues as applied to natural resource management. Authored by renowned scientists actively working on bio-inoculant, biofertilizer and bio-stimulant sciences, the book addresses the scope of inexpensive and energy neutral bio-inoculant technologies and the impact regulation has on biofertilizer utilization. This book is a valuable reference for agricultural/environ... scientists in academic and corporate environments, graduate and post-graduate students, regulators and policymakers.

  • Recent Highlights in the Discovery and Optimization of Crop Protection Products

    • 1st Edition
    • Peter Maienfisch + 1 more
    • English
    Recent Highlights in the Discovery and Optimization of Crop Protection Products highlights the most prominent, recent results in the search for safe and effective new crop protection products. With a focus on the design, synthesis, optimization and/or structure-activity relationships of new chemistries targeting insect, disease, weed, nematode, vector and animal parasite control, the book also includes recent developments in crop enhancement chemistries and new approaches to crop protection products. The inclusion of information on testing tools, green chemistry approaches, and the latest discovery tools, like modeling, structure-based design, and testing tools makes this volume complete. Based on key presentations given at the 14th International IUPAC conference on Crop Protection, May 19-24, 2019 in Ghent, Belgium, this book includes the many exciting new discoveries and findings reported. It is designed to inspire additional research and advancement in the field.

  • 5-HT Interaction with Other Neurotransmitters: Experimental Evidence and Therapeutic Relevance Part B

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 261
    • English
    The Progress in Brain Research series highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters. Each chapter is written by an international board of authors.

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