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    • Language Processing in Social Context

      • 1st Edition
      • Volume 54
      • June 28, 2014
      • R. Dietrich + 1 more
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 1 4 9 3 3 0 7 8 9 0
      • eBook
        9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 9 5 3 7 4
      The book presents an interdisciplinary analysis of social, cognitive, situational and contextual aspects of language and language processing by first and second language speakers. Linguists and psychologists formulate theoretical models and empirical analyses of the influence of such factors on various levels of language processing. These relate specifically to syntactic and semantic parsing, lexical selection, and text production. The issue of ``hearer orientation'' in language use lies at the forefront of interest in this anthology and is tackled from such different fields as linguistics, text linguistics, formal semantics, social psychology, psychology of language, artificial intelligence, and second language acquisition.

    • Problems of the Mixed Economy

      • 1st Edition
      • Volume 189
      • June 28, 2014
      • H. Carlsson + 1 more
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 1 4 9 3 3 0 4 6 8 4
      • eBook
        9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 9 7 3 9 2
      The problems of the modern mixed economy are presented in this book, including general theoretical analyses and applications to specific areas. The subject is treated both mathematically and in a non-technical way.This volume consists of four parts. The papers in Part I are mainly related to the micro-foundations of the mixed economy. The papers in Part II address a number of issues concerning the fundamental properties of the mixed economy. The papers in Part III and IV respectively deal with taxation and public policy evaluation and the role of institutional design. The various articles provide new and stimulating insights in the areas of collective action, economic organization and public sector activities. A few articles contain applications to the Swedish economy.

    • Parallel Algorithms for Numerical Linear Algebra

      • 1st Edition
      • Volume 1
      • June 28, 2014
      • H. van der Vorst + 1 more
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 1 4 9 3 3 0 5 4 1 4
      • eBook
        9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 9 5 7 3 2
      This is the first in a new series of books presenting research results and developments concerning the theory and applications of parallel computers, including vector, pipeline, array, fifth/future generation computers, and neural computers.All aspects of high-speed computing fall within the scope of the series, e.g. algorithm design, applications, software engineering, networking, taxonomy, models and architectural trends, performance, peripheral devices.Papers in Volume One cover the main streams of parallel linear algebra: systolic array algorithms, message-passing systems, algorithms for parallel shared-memory systems, and the design of fast algorithms and implementations for vector supercomputers.

    • Languages, Compilers and Run-time Environments for Distributed Memory Machines

      • 1st Edition
      • Volume 3
      • June 28, 2014
      • J. Saltz + 1 more
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 1 4 9 3 3 0 5 4 0 7
      • eBook
        9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 9 5 3 8 1
      Papers presented within this volume cover a wide range of topics related to programming distributed memory machines. Distributed memory architectures, although having the potential to supply the very high levels of performance required to support future computing needs, present awkward programming problems. The major issue is to design methods which enable compilers to generate efficient distributed memory programs from relatively machine independent program specifications. This book is the compilation of papers describing a wide range of research efforts aimed at easing the task of programming distributed memory machines.

    • Dynamic Modelling of Information Systems

      • 1st Edition
      • June 28, 2014
      • K.M. van Hee + 1 more
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 1 4 9 3 3 0 5 4 3 8
      • eBook
        9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 9 4 8 4 1
      The use of dynamic models in the development of information systems is regarded by many researchers as a promising issue in design support. Modelling the dynamics of information systems is likely to improve the quality and the performance of the design products. Dynamic modelling as a new approach for dynamic analysis of problems within an existing situation, and design and evaluation of different solution strategies may overcome many difficulties in the design process.

    • Artificial Intelligence V

      • 1st Edition
      • June 28, 2014
      • B. du Boulay + 1 more
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 1 4 9 3 3 0 5 3 8 4
      • eBook
        9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 9 7 7 9 8
      Recent results and ongoing research in Artificial Intelligence are described in this book, with emphasis on fundamental questions in several key areas: machine learning, neural networks, automated reasoning, natural language processing, and logic methods in AI. There are also more applied papers in the fields of vision, architectures for KBS, expert systems and intelligent tutoring systems. One of the changes since AIMSA'90 has been the increased numbers of papers submitted in the fields of machine learning, neural networks and hybrid systems.One of the special features of the AIMSA series of conferences is their coverage of work across both Eastern and Western Europe and the former Soviet Union as well as papers from North America. AIMSA'92 is no exception and this volume provides a unique multi-cultural view of AI.

    • Economic Modeling in the Nordic Countries

      • 1st Edition
      • Volume 210
      • June 28, 2014
      • L. Bergman + 1 more
      • English
      • eBook
        9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 9 4 8 7 2
      A selection of macroeconomic models used, or intended for, economic forecasting or policy analysis in the four Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden), is presented in this volume. New features and model applications are discussed and the models used by the Ministries of Finance are evaluated, with special attention to the role of relative prices and their treatment of the supply side. In addition there is a systematic comparison of results from model simulations on the main macroeconomic models in the four Nordic countries. The papers fall naturally into two sections. In Part One the focus is on the short-to-medium term models; in Part Two the focus switches to a presentation of three models that may all be classified as applied general equilibrium (AGE) models.

    • The Structure of Earnings and the Measurement of Income Inequality in the U.S

      • 1st Edition
      • Volume 184
      • June 28, 2014
      • Daniel J. Slottje
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 1 4 9 3 3 0 4 6 7 7
      • eBook
        9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 9 6 4 0 1
      The various issues involved in measuring income inequality in the U.S. are analyzed in this book. In describing the level of inequality inherent in a particular graduation it is important which income recipient and which data set is used and also the measure of income inequality used as the appropriate summary statistic.Recent trends in labor markets are examined and the book attempts to trace the impact of these trends on the distribution of income for various age, race and occupational cohorts, and across states. Some new methods for analyzing inequality in a multidimensional framework are also discussed. This book provides one of the most comprehensive treatments of income inequality available to date.

    • Human Factors Testing and Evaluation

      • 1st Edition
      • Volume 5
      • June 28, 2014
      • D. Meister
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 1 4 9 3 3 0 5 5 3 7
      • eBook
        9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 9 5 2 1 3
      Human factors measurement has characteristics that set it apart from psychological or engineering measurement and for that reason, human factors testing and evaluation deserves special treatment. The many excellent texts available in the behavioral area do not give an adequate picture of this topic, and this is particularly unfortunate because testing and evaluation (T&E) is an integral part of human-machine system design and operation. The emphasis in this book is on why and how to conduct such testing. One of its outstanding features is its pragmatism; based on his past experience in system testing, the author recognizes the difficulties that occur in testing and indicates how these may be overcome or minimized. Special attention has been paid to the context in which T&E is conducted. Although the book contains detailed procedures for performing T&E, the logic and the conceptual foundation of testing have not been overlooked. Comparisons are made with laboratory-centered experimentation. For those with research interests, the author points out the many research questions that can be answered by system testing. An illustrative case history of a T&E program for a fictional system has been included to provide ``real life'' context. Special problem areas in T&E are emphasized, in particular human error data collection, the evaluation of computerized systems and software, the measurement of maintenance technician and team performance; workload and training effectiveness testing. Special attention is also paid to environmental testing (e.g. temperature, lighting, noise, vibration, etc.). One chapter reviews all the relevant T&E literature including government documents that may not be readily available to the general reader. As part of the preparation for writing this text a survey was made of 45 distinguished T&E specialists in order to determine their characteristic T&E practices.The book will be useful not only to the human factors professional who specializes in T&E, but to all students and practitioners interested in human factors and work measurement.

    • Programming, The Impossible Challenge

      • 1st Edition
      • June 28, 2014
      • B. Walraet
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 1 4 9 3 3 0 5 6 0 5
      • eBook
        9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 9 5 8 8 6
      In its modern form, the computer is only about 40 years old. And so is the job of the computer programmer. This book is a critical history of programming, written to give programmers and analysts in the commercial application field a more pragmatic insight into the background of their profession. It tells the story of why the technology evolved as it did, and how Fifth Generation techniques are already changing the situation.As well as charting the real advances and the passing fashions, this unusual book looks at the situation in perspective, drawing some sad and maybe surprising conclusions while discussing questions such as ``Is programming a job for human beings?'' ``Is it High Noon for the world of programming?''

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