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  • Viral Hepatitis Molecular Biology Diagnosis and Control

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 10
    • English
    The last forty years have witnessed the discovery of five human hepatitis viruses: hepatitis virus A, B, C, D, and E, and two related blood-borne viruses: GB virus C and TT virus. Viral Hepatitis provides a comprehensive overview of the latest developments and research studies in human viral hepatitis. Written by leading international scientists in the field, this book covers topics ranging from the history of these viruses to their molecular biology, diagnosis, epidemiology and control. It will be an invaluable reference source for hepatitis researchers, reference and diagnostic laboratories, clinicians, public health officers and graduate and medical students.

  • Stability and Safety of Ships

    Regulation and Operation
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 9
    • Lech Kobylinski + 1 more
    • English
    A stability accident is one of the worst things that can happen to a ship. This two-volume set brings together the mass of information available in one practical reference and is essential reading to all concerned with the prevention against capsizing.

  • Energetic Materials

    Part 1. Decomposition, Crystal and Molecular Properties
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 12
    • English
    This volume provides an overview of current research and recent advances in the area of energetic materials, focusing on decomposition, crystal and molecular properties. The contents and format reflect the fact that theory, experiment and computation are closely linked in this field. Since chemical decomposition is of fundamental importance in energetic performance, this volume begins with a survey of the decomposition processes of a variety of energetic compounds. This is followed by detailed studies of certain compounds and specific mechanisms, such as nitro/aci-nitro tautomerism. Chapter 6 covers the transition from decomposition to crystal properties, with molecular dynamics being the primary analytical tool. The next several chapters deal with different aspects of the crystalline state, again moving from the general to particular. There is also a discussion of methods for computing gas, liquid and solid phase heats of formation. Finally, the last portion of this volume looks at the potential of high-nitrogen molecules as energetic systems; this has been of considerable interest in recent years.Overall, this volume illustrates the progress that has been made in the field of energetic materials and some of the areas of current activity. It also indicates the challenges involved in characterizing and understanding the properties and behaviour of these compounds. The work is a unique state-of-the-art treatment of the subject, written by pre-eminent researchers in the field.

  • Quark-Gluon Plasma: Theoretical Foundations

    An Annotated Reprint Collection
    • 1st Edition
    • J. Kapusta + 2 more
    • English
    The purpose of this volume is to trace the development of the theoretical understanding of quark-gluon plasma, both in terms of theequation of state and thermal correlation functions and in terms ofits manifestation in high energy nuclear collisions. Who among us hasnot wondered how tall a mountain is on a neutron star, what happenswhen matter is heated and compressed to higher and higher densities,what happens when an object falls into a black hole, or what happenedeons ago in the early universe? The study of quark-gluon plasma is related in one way or another to these and other thought provoking questions. Oftentimes the most eloquent exposition is given in theoriginal papers. To this end a selection is made of what are themost important pioneering papers in this field. The early 1950s wasan era when high energy multiparticle production in cosmic rayinteractions attracted the attention of some of the brightest minds in physics, and so it should be no surprise that the first reprinted papers deal with the introduction of statistical models of particleproduction. The quark model arose in the 1960s, while QCD as suchwas recognized as the theory of the strong interactions in the1970's. The behavior of matter at high temperatures and supranucleardensitie... became of wide interest in the nuclear and particle physicscommunities starting in the 1970s, which is when the concept ofquark-gluon plasma became established. The history of the field hasbeen traced up to the early 1990s. There are three reasons forstopping at that point in time. First, most of the key theoreticalconcepts and formalisms arose before 1993, although many of themcontinue to be developed today and hopefully well into the future. Second, papers written after 1992 are much more readily availablethan those writen before due to the advent of the World Wide Web andits electronic preprint databases and journals. Finally, in makingthis collection of reprints available as hardcopy one is limited inthe number of pages, and some papers in the present selection shouldhave been deleted in order to make room for post-1993 papers. For thesame reason the subject focus must of necessity be limited, whichmeans that in this reprint collection two wide subject areas are not addressed: the behavior of nuclear matter under extreme conditionsis not reported, nor is quark matter in neutron stars. The broadcategories into which the material has been placed, reflect thediverse studies of quark-gluon plasma and its manifestation. They are: phase-space models of particle production, perturbative QCDplasma, lattice gauge theory, fluid dynamics and flow, strangeness, heavy flavor (charm), electromagnetic signals, parton cascade andminijets, parton energy loss and jet quenching, Hanbury Brown--Twiss(HBT) interferometry, disoriented chiral condensates, phasetransition dynamics and cosmology, and color superconductivity. Eachchapter is prefaced by an introduction, which contains a list ofsignificant papers which is more complete than the reprinted papers,though by no means exhaustive. It also contains citations to mostrelevant papers published up to the date of completion of this volume(fall 2002). It is hoped that the short reviews will help bring thereader up to date on the latest developments. The selection ofpapers cited in each chapter, and in particular the ones selected forreprinting, is solely the responsibility of the Editors. It is basedon their best judgement and experience in this field dating back tothe mid-1970s. In order to be reprinted a paper must have beenpioneering in the sense of originality and impact on the field.Generally they have been cited over a hundred times by other paperspublished in refereed journals. The final selection was reviewed anddiscussed among the Editors repeatedly. Just because a paper is not included does not mean they do not know of it or do not have a highregard for it. All of the papers cited or reprinted are originalresearch contributions. There are three other types of publicationslisted. The first is a compilation of books. The second is a listof reviews, many of which contain a significant amount of original material. The third is a list of the proceedings of the series ofQuark Matter meetings, the primary series of internationalconfere... in this field that is attended by both theorists andexperimentalists.

  • The Theories of Chemistry

    • 1st Edition
    • Jan C.A. Boeyens
    • English
    Theories of Chemistry reviews the theories that underpin chemistry, but yet are not traditionally recognized as such, being normally considered as part of physics. Based on the argument that the needs of chemistry are distinctive, a mathematical structure of topics such as quantum mechanics, relativity theory, thermodynamics and statistical mechanics, suiting the needs of chemistry, is outlined. The subject matter is arranged in a sequence that reveals the foundations of chemistry. Starting from the mathematical basis, the sequence runs through the general concepts (mechanics and wave formalism) and the elementary building blocks, to molecules and macrosystems. The book is the product of the author's reading of original literature rather than of standard texts. It differs from what is conventionally emphasized because of the different approach that it argues for the recognition of chemistry as an emergent discipline, ultimately based on the properties and structure of space and time. Hence the emphasis on otherwise unexpected topics such as quaternions, lie groups, polarized light, compressed atoms, rydberg atoms, solitons, molecular hydrogen, and phase transitions, amongst others. The topic is the understanding of chemistry from first principles. The book is self-contained and can be used without reference to other sources.

  • Elsevier's Dictionary of Refrigeration and Cryogenics

    English-Russian and Russian-English
    • 1st Edition
    • S. Bobryakov + 1 more
    • English
    The utilization of refrigeration and cryogenics contributes to high-quality preservation and processing of foods, in environmental protection, and in case of emergencies. Refrigerating and cryogenic engineering enhance progress in machine-building and automation of manufacturing processes, while refrigeration and cryogenics are increasingly used in construction. Refrigerating engineering is the backbone of the air-conditioning industry.This dictionary covers all of these aspects: it presents terminology that is used in thermodynamics and transport, as well as terminology depicting the use of refrigeration and cryogenics in the chemical and mining industries and in low-temperature physics. It contains basic terminology on refrigerating machinery, heat-transfer processes and heat-exchange equipment, refrigerating plants, cold-storage warehouses, refrigerating commercial equipment, and units.

  • Comprehensive Chemical Kinetics

    Unimolecular Kinetics, Part 1. The Reaction Step
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 39
    • Nicholas Green
    • English
    Unimolecular reactions are in principle the simplest chemical reactions, because they only involve one molecule. The basic mechanism, in which the competition between the chemical reaction step and a collisional deactivation leads to a pressure-dependent coefficient, has been understood for a long time. However, this is a rapidly developing field, and many new and important discoveries have been made in the past decade.This First Part Part of Two CCK Volumes dealing with Unimolecular Rections, deals with the Reaction Step. The first chapter is an introduction to the whole project, aiming to cover the material necessary to understand the content of the detailed chapters, as well as the history of the development of the area. Chapter 2 is a review of the modern view of the statistical theories, as embodied in the various forms of RRKM theory. Chapter 3 deals with the fully quantum mechanical view of reactive states as resonances.

  • Energetic Materials

    Part 2. Detonation, Combustion
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 13
    • English
    This volume provides an overview of current research and recent advances in the area of energetic materials, focusing on explosives and propellants. The contents and format reflect the fact that theory, experiment and computation are closely linked in this field. The challenge of developing energetic materials that are less sensitive to accidental stimuli continues to be of critical importance. This volume opens with discussions of some determinants of sensitivity and its correlations with various molecular and crystal properties. The next several chapters deal in considerable detail with different aspects and mechanisms of the initiation of detonation, and its quantitative description. The second half of this volume focuses upon combustion. Extensive studies model ignition and combustion, with applications to different propellants. The final chapter is an exhaustive computational treatment of the mechanism and kinetics of combustion initiation reactions of ammonium perchlorate.Overall, this volume illustrates the progress that has been made in the field of energetic materials and some of the areas of current activity. It also indicates the challenges involved in characterizing and understanding the properties and behaviour of these compounds. The work is a unique state-of-the-art treatment of the subject, written by pre-eminent researchers in the field.

  • Inverse Problems in Engineering Mechanics IV

    Proceedings of the International Symposium on
    • 1st Edition
    • Mana Tanaka
    • English
    This latest collection of proceedings provides a state of the art review of research on inverse problems in engineering mechanics. Inverse problems can be found in many areas of engineering mechanics, and have many successful applications. They are concerned with estimating the unknown input and/or the characteristics of a system given certain aspects of its output. The mathematical challenges of such problems have to be overcome through the development of new computational schemes, regularization techniques, objective functionals, and experimental procedures. The papers within this represent an excellent reference for all in the field.

  • Encyclopedia of General Topology

    • 1st Edition
    • K.P. Hart + 2 more
    • English
    This book is designed for the reader who wants to get a general view of the terminology of General Topology with minimal time and effort. The reader, whom we assume to have only a rudimentary knowledge of set theory, algebra and analysis, will be able to find what they want if they will properly use the index. However, this book contains very few proofs and the reader who wants to study more systematically will find sufficiently many references in the book.Key features:• More terms from General Topology than any other book ever published• Short and informative articles• Authors include the majority of top researchers in the field• Extensive indexing of terms

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