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  • Stochastic Equations through the Eye of the Physicist

    Basic Concepts, Exact Results and Asymptotic Approximations
    • 1st Edition
    • Valery I. Klyatskin
    • English
    Fluctuating parameters appear in a variety of physical systems and phenomena. They typically come either as random forces/sources, or advecting velocities, or media (material) parameters, like refraction index, conductivity, diffusivity, etc. The well known example of Brownian particle suspended in fluid and subjected to random molecular bombardment laid the foundation for modern stochastic calculus and statistical physics. Other important examples include turbulent transport and diffusion of particle-tracers (pollutants), or continuous densities (''oil slicks''), wave propagation and scattering in randomly inhomogeneous media, for instance light or sound propagating in the turbulent atmosphere. Such models naturally render to statistical description, where the input parameters and solutions are expressed by random processes and fields. The fundamental problem of stochastic dynamics is to identify the essential characteristics of system (its state and evolution), and relate those to the input parameters of the system and initial data. This raises a host of challenging mathematical issues. One could rarely solve such systems exactly (or approximately) in a closed analytic form, and their solutions depend in a complicated implicit manner on the initial-boundary data, forcing and system's (media) parameters . In mathematical terms such solution becomes a complicated "nonlinear functional" of random fields and processes. Part I gives mathematical formulation for the basic physical models of transport, diffusion, propagation and develops some analytic tools. Part II and III sets up and applies the techniques of variational calculus and stochastic analysis, like Fokker-Plank equation to those models, to produce exact or approximate solutions, or in worst case numeric procedures. The exposition is motivated and demonstrated with numerous examples. Part IV takes up issues for the coherent phenomena in stochastic dynamical systems, described by ordinary and partial differential equations, like wave propagation in randomly layered media (localization), turbulent advection of passive tracers (clustering), wave propagation in disordered 2D and 3D media. For the sake of reader I provide several appendixes (Part V) that give many technical mathematical details needed in the book.

  • European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering

    38th European Symposium of the Working Party on Computer Aided Process Engineering
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 20
    • Luis Puigjaner
    • English
    This proceedings book contains papers presented at the 15th European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering (ESCAPE-15), held in Barcelona, Spain, from May 29–June 1, 2004. These proceedings consist of two volumes, which include the contributed papers organised in five classes paralleling the five themes of the Symposium. A complementary CD-ROM contains all the papers presented at the symposium.The ESCAPE (European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering) series brings the latest innovations and achievements by leading professionals. The series acts as a forum for engineers, scientists, researchers, managers, and students from academia and industry to present and discuss progress being made in research and application of CAPE.ESCAPE-15 has focused on recent developments of New Systems Methodologies and Computer Aided Applications in Process Engineering in general and in the following areas of chemical engineering in particular:Computing methods for CAPE Modelling and simulation Process and product design Process operation and control Integrated approaches in CAPE

  • Acoustic and Elastic Wave Fields in Geophysics, III

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 39
    • Alex Kaufman + 1 more
    • English
    This monograph is the last volume in the series 'Acoustic and Elastic Wave Fields in Geophysics'. The previous two volumes published by Elsevier (2000, 2002) dealt mostly with wave propagation in liquid media. The third volume is dedicated to propagation of plane, spherical and cylindrical elastic waves in different media including isotropic and transversely isotropic solids, liquid-solid models, and media with cylindrical inclusions (boreholes).

  • MRI Atlas of Human White Matter

    • 1st Edition
    • Susumu Mori + 3 more
    • English
    Recent advances in modern imaging techniques that can be used non-invasively for the visualization of the human brain have greatly enhanced the knowledge of brain anatomy and the understanding of its relationship to brain function. A unique new MRI modality, called diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) allows the three-dimensional study of the large white matter (WM) fiber bundles at macroscopic resolution (millimeter scale). MRI Atlas of Human White Matter provides a three-dimensional and two-dimensional in vivo atlas of various white matter tracts in the human brain. The images are based on diffusion tensor imaging and various tracts are reconstructed three-dimensionally from the data. Following an introduction and description of the methodology (Chapters 1 and 2), the 3D anatomy of individual tracts is delineated in Chapter 3. Chapter 4 consists of a series of color-coded orientation maps to delineate white matter anatomy in a slice-by-slice manner, in which the structures are extensively annotated. This richly illustrated Atlas is a valuable resource for students studying white matter anatomy and researchers working in brain research and radiology. This book also provides the structural assignment, which will assist neuroradiologists when interpreting diffusion tensor images in routine clinical studies.

  • System, Structure and Control 2004 (2-volume set)

    • 1st Edition
    • Sabine Mondie
    • English

  • Geobiology: Objectives, Concepts, Perspectives

    • 1st Edition
    • N. Noffke
    • English
    Geobiology is an exciting and rapidly developing research discipline that opens new perspectives in understanding Earth as a system. To determine and to exploit its possibilities, this promising scientific field will benefit from a discussion of its definition as a research discipline, its objectives, and its methodological approaches. Such a spirited discussion is the goal of the book "Geobiology: Objectives, Concepts, Perspectives". Geobiology touches various subdisciplines of geology and biology in many ways. The book will serve biogeochemists, paleontologists, biomineralogists, microbiologists and many others as a forum to determine future directions of geobiological research. The book includes a section on the concept of geobiological studies, which combines the parent disciplines biology and geology. Several case studies describe geobiological investigations that serve to understand Earth in the present and past. The case studies give an overview of the general understanding of geobiology and lead the reader towards the current hot topics in this rising scientific discipline.

  • Sustaining Large Marine Ecosystems: The Human Dimension

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 13
    • Timothy M. Hennessey + 1 more
    • English
    The shift away from the management of individual resources to the broader perspective of ecosystems is no longer confined to academia and think tanks where it first began; the ecosystem paradigm also is beginning to take root in government policy and programs.This volume provides innovative and timely approaches for improving and sustaining socioeconomic benefits from LMEs. The authors describe methodologies and actions for moving forward in halting the downward resource sustainability spiral and advancing toward the recovery of depleted fish stocks, restoration of degraded habitats, and reduction and control of pollution within the framework of an ecosystem-based approach for the governance of LMEs.

  • Introduction to Laser Spectroscopy

    • 1st Edition
    • Halina Abramczyk
    • English
    Introduction to Laser Spectroscopy is a well-written, easy-to-read guide to understanding the fundamentals of lasers, experimental methods of modern laser spectroscopy and applications. It provides a solid grounding in the fundamentals of many aspects of laser physics, nonlinear optics, and molecular spectroscopy. In addition, by comprehensively combining theory and experimental techniques it explicates a variety of issues that are essential to understanding broad areas of physical, chemical and biological science. Topics include key laser types - gas, solid state, and semiconductor - as well as the rapidly evolving field of ultrashort laser phenomena for femtochemistry applications. The examples used are well researched and clearly presented. Introduction to Laser Spectroscopy is strongly recommended to newcomers as well as researchers in physics, engineering, chemistry and biology.

  • Engineering Turbulence Modelling and Experiments 6

    ERCOFTAC International Symposium on Engineering Turbulence and Measurements - ETMM6
    • 1st Edition
    • Wolfgang Rodi
    • English
    Proceedings of the world renowned ERCOFTAC (International Symposium on Engineering Turbulence Modelling and Measurements).The proceedings include papers dealing with the following areas of turbulence:· Eddy-vi... and second-order RANS models · Direct and large-eddy simulations and deductions for conventional modelling · Measurement and visualization techniques, experimental studies · Turbulence control · Transition and effects of curvature, rotation and buoyancy on turbulence · Aero-acoustics · Heat and mass transfer and chemically reacting flows · Compressible flows, shock phenomena · Two-phase flows · Applications in aerospace engineering, turbomachinery and reciprocating engines, industrial aerodynamics and wind engineering, and selected chemical engineering problems Turbulence remains one of the key issues in tackling engineering flow problems. These problems are solved more and more by CFD analysis, the reliability of which depends strongly on the performance of the turbulence models employed. Successful simulation of turbulence requires the understanding of the complex physical phenomena involved and suitable models for describing the turbulent momentum, heat and mass transfer. For the understanding of turbulence phenomena, experiments are indispensable, but they are equally important for providing data for the development and testing of turbulence models and hence for CFD software validation. As in other fields of Science, in the rapidly developing discipline of turbulence, swift progress can be achieved only by keeping up to date with recent advances all over the world and by exchanging ideas with colleagues active in related fields.

  • Mathematical Inequalities

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 67
    • B. G. Pachpatte
    • English
    The book addresses many important new developments in the field. All the topics covered are of great interest to the readers because such inequalities have become a major tool in the analysis of various branches of mathematics.

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