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Elsevier

Books in Social sciences and humanities

  • The Special Status of Coronals: Internal and External Evidence

    Phonetics and Phonology, Vol. 2
    • 1st Edition
    • Carole Paradis + 1 more
    • English
    Phonetics and Phonology, Volume 2: The Special Status of Coronals: Internal and External Evidence contains a phonetic survey of coronal articulations and discusses many aspects of the phonological behavior of coronals as opposed to noncoronals. This book discusses the asymmetry and visibility in consonant articulations, coronal places of articulation, and underspecification of coronals in English. The cluster condition in Attic Greek, palatalization and representation of coronal, and relationship between laterality and coronality are also elaborated. This publication likewise covers the cross-linguistic survey of consonant harmony, coronals in child phonology, and coronal transparency in vowel spreading. This volume is intended for graduate students and scholars interested in phonology, phonetics, general linguistics, psycholinguistics, or language pathology.

  • The Coercive Social Worker

    British Lessons for American Social Services
    • 1st Edition
    • Joel F. Handler
    • English
    The Coercive Social Worker: British Lessons for American Social Services focuses on the role of social services in public departments of welfare, with emphasis on the enormous power of the social worker to impose the casework plan on the client. It explains how traditional social work theory combines with the delivery of "hard" services in the integrated, comprehensive family service to produce social workers with such power. Some of the lessons that can be learned by American social service agencies from the British experience are discussed. Comprised of seven chapters, this volume begins with a historical background on Britain's public social service program, launched in 1970 to provide a comprehensive, integrated family service at the local government level. The significance of the British experience to American social services is considered, with particular reference to the relationship between social work theory and social service policy and administration. The foundations of the modern welfare state are also discussed, along with social services in America in an income maintenance setting. The final chapter examines the problems facing the consumer of a comprehensive, integrated family service; the creation and implementation of administrative discretion in the social service context; legal rights of consumers; and alternative systems for the delivery of social services. This book is intended for social work professionals, administrators, policymakers, and advocates of the rights of people who deal with social welfare agencies.

  • The Economics of Neighborhood

    Studies in Urban Economics
    • 1st Edition
    • David S. Segal
    • English
    The Economics of Neighborhood integrates neighborhood into contemporary notions of the urban economy. Neighborhood is viewed as a good with demand, supply, and equilibrium aspects. Topics covered range from demand for neighborhood and interneighborhood mobility to neighborhood choice and transportation services. The role of governments as suppliers of neighborhoods is also considered. Comprised of 12 chapters, this book begins with an introduction to some of the efforts to measure neighborhood effects and the approaches used in analyzing the role of neighborhood in the urban economy. The next section deals with the determinants of neighborhood demand in different eastern and midwestern cities in the United States in the mid- to late 1960s. The location choice of a sample of Pittsburgh households is examined, along with the role that neighborhood transition at the origin played in governing the decision to move or stay put. Subsequent chapters focus on the neighborhood choice of households already living in Washington, D.C., in 1968 as a joint prior choice of residential location, housing type, automobile ownership, and mode of travel to work; how the supply of certain kinds of neighborhoods can be determined by the interaction of residential demand and housing supply in the private sector; and optimum neighborhood supply by local governments. The concluding section analyzes neighborhood in an equilibrium setting, with emphasis on price outcomes and the quantity aspects of neighborhood. This monograph will be of value to economists as well as to researchers and students interested in urban economics.

  • Topics in Phonological Theory

    • 1st Edition
    • Michael Kenstowicz + 1 more
    • English
    Topics in Phonological Theory is a six-chapter text that provides an explication of some of the most important problems in phonological theory, with a few, necessarily tentative, solutions. The first chapter deals with the problem of abstractness in terms of a series of successively weaker constraints that might be placed on the relationship between the underlying and phonetic representations of a morpheme. The second chapter begins with a discussion of the various ways in which the phonetic basis of a rule may be lost in the course of historical change, which lays the groundwork for a lengthy survey of the types of grammatical and lexical conditions that may control the application of a phonological rule. The third chapter describes the constraints and conditions on phonological representations, particularly the domain of these constraints, the level at which they hold, and their duplication of phonological rules. The fourth chapter examines the problem of natural rule interactions, focusing on Kiparsky’s theories of maximal utilization and opacity-transparency and their deficiencies. The fifth chapter deals with Chomsky and Halle’s simultaneous application principle as well as with more recent proposals The sixth chapter compares the relative merits of global rules versus rule ordering for the description of opaque rule interactions. This book is intended primarily for linguistics.

  • Introductory Economics

    • 1st Edition
    • Michael Veseth
    • English
    Introductory Economics deals with the national economy as a whole—macroeconomics... in terms of inflation and unemployment. The book also discusses individual economic decision-makers—micr... in view of the problems of scarcity and choice. Macroeconomics uses the market model of demand and supply as a tool to analyze the causes of, and present some cures for modern economic ailments. The text examines the economics of government fiscal policies with the framework of an aggregate demand and supply model. The book compares monetary policy and fiscal policy, explains the monetarist model of economic activity, and also investigates the roles of money, credit, interest rates. These economic activities have international consequences such as in trade, exchange rates, and on prevailing and future national economic policies. In microeconomics, the book focuses on the economics of exchange, the market mechanisms that increase the gains from trade, and the problems of choice facing consumers and producers in a competitive market. The text also tackles the problems found in resource markets (labor, natural resources, energy), in market failure, as well as analyzes the role of government. Economists, sociologists, students of economics or business, general readers interested in real-world economics, and policy makers involved in national economic development will find the book valuable.

  • Microeconomics

    A Modern Treatment
    • 1st Edition
    • R. Shone
    • Karl Shell
    • English
    Microeconomics: A Modern Treatment focuses on modern approaches to microeconomics. Alternative systems are discussed including input-output analysis as against neoclassical production theory. The theory of choice and the preference and utility approaches to consumer theory are also considered, along with linear and nonlinear theories of production, the theory of market demand and supply, and welfare economics. Comprised of 11 chapters, this book begins with an introduction to economic science and its propositions, as well as the importance of establishing a clearly defined set of postulates on which the whole edifice of economic knowledge rests. The discussion then turns to the theory of choice and the preference and utility approaches to consumer theory; neoclassical as opposed to modern consumer choice; production theory and the production set of the economy; and the theory of market demand and supply. Subsequent chapters deal with the theory of exchange and general equilibrium; welfare economics; and stability and introductory dynamics. This monograph will be of value to economists and those interested in microeconomics.

  • Montague Grammar

    • 1st Edition
    • Barbara H Partee
    • English
    Montague Grammar is a collection of papers that discusses Richard Montague's work on the syntax and semantics of natural languages. The papers examine the applications of Montague's theory to problems of syntax and semantics, and compares Montague's approach to other theories of language. One paper describes the features in Montague's "The Proper Treatment of Quantification in Ordinary English" (PTQ), namely, the grammatical categories and lexicon, the rules most similar to CF-rules, and the treatment of quantification. Another paper presents mechanisms to Montague's grammatical framework which will allow a variety of English constructions—especi... those involving sentence embedding. The paper discusses syntactic rules, such as noun phrases, verb phrases, subject-predicate sentences, variable binding, abstracts, verbs taking infinitive complements, the copula, participles. One paper describes a fragment of English that is a variation and extension of the fragment presented in Montague. It also analyses adjectival phrases, three-place and other kinds of verbs, the passive voice, reflexive pronouns, and sentences using the dummy subject "it." Another paper proposes rules, syntactics, and semantics for use in nonrestrictive clauses in a Montague grammar. One paper analyzes factives, their semantic and syntactic properties using the work of Kiparsky and Kiparsky (1971). Montague's "Universal Grammar" (UG) invokes expositions of Montague syntax, Cooper syntax, theorems on conversion process, semantic interpretation, semantic equivalence of the two systems, and interpretive semantics. The collection is intended for readers of Montague, as well as for linguists, philosophers, and students of language.

  • Economics

    Private and Public Choice
    • 2nd Edition
    • James D Gwartney + 1 more
    • English
    Economics: Private and Public Choice, Second Edition deals with modern Keynesian theory, monetarist theory, collective decision-making, and the traditional demand-side of macroeconomics. The book explains economic principles, such as taxation, government expenditure, public choice theory, rate of employment, aggregate supply, fiscal policy, low productivity, inflation, and adaptive expectation hypothesis. The text also covers microeconomics, particularly, capital interest, profits, energy market, and the indifference curve analysis. The book discusses inequality, income mobility, and the battle against poverty where a market system can encourage the careful use of resources, high productivity, and freedom of choice for individuals to bear the costs and reap the benefits. The text points out that income redistribution can result in some conflicts. As an example, the book analyzes income inequality in the United Sates, income inequality in other countries, as well as its causes. The book also describes the characteristics of less developed countries as having low per capita income, dominance of agriculture-househol... sector, rapid population growth, income that is more unequally distributed, including inadequate health care and education. The book is suitable for economists, sociologists, and policy makers involved in national economic development.

  • Economics and Human Welfare

    Essays in Honor of Tibor Scitovsky
    • 1st Edition
    • Michael J. Boskin
    • English
    Economic Theory, Econometrics, and Mathematical Economics: Economics and Human Welfare: Essays in Honor of Tibor Scitovsky focuses on the principles, influence, and contributions of Tibor Scitovsky on economics. The selection first elaborates on welfare economics and microeconomic theory, property rights doctrine and demand revelation under incomplete information, and experiments in the pricing of theater tickets. Discussions focus on the effect on audience composition, volume, and revenues, failure of bargaining under privacy, growing disenchantment with economic growth, and bargaining as a game of incomplete information. The text then takes a look at economics and the transformation of the idea of progress and changes in the size distribution of income. The text ponders on welfare criteria, distribution, and cost- benefit analysis; position of ethics in the theory of production; and rationing and price as methods of restricting demand for specific products. Topics include excise taxation with revenue distributed like rations; private and social returns to morality; effect of changes in the cost of organization and communication; and logical and historical foundation of the theory of the welfare state. The selection is highly recommended for economists and researchers interested in pursuing studies on the relationship of economics and human welfare.

  • Economic Structure and Performance

    • 1st Edition
    • Hollis B. Chenery
    • Moshe Syrquin + 2 more
    • English
    Economic Structure and Performance: Essays in Honor of Hollis B. Chenery briefly reviews the work of Hollis Chenery in the field of economics. This book discusses the underlying themes in Chenery's work, including structure, strategy, adjustment, and models. Organized into four parts encompassing 26 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the patterns of structural change and their relation to growth. This text then examines the objectives, measures, and implementation of policy, as well as administrative capabilities and cultural characteristics. Other chapters compare Chenery's econometric analysis of development patterns with the historical analyses and suggest that the two approaches complement each other. This book discusses as well the persistence of disequilibrium in segments of the economy. The final chapter deals with simple criteria for detecting critical interdependencies and a formula for measuring their welfare consequences. This book is a valuable resource for economists, industrialists, foreign capitalists, and social scientists.

  • The Economics of Housing Vouchers

    • 1st Edition
    • Joseph H. Friedman + 1 more
    • English
    The Economics of Housing Vouchers is a seven-chapter text that examines the housing choices of low-income families in two metropolitan areas, namely, Phoenix and Pittsburgh. Some of these households are offered a novel kind of housing subsidy, including a housing allowance or housing voucher, in an experimental framework designed to test this approach to demand-side housing assistance. Chapter 1 presents an overview of U.S. housing programs and the dimensions of the U.S. housing problem. Chapter 2 provides a simple microeconomic model that conceptualizes household behavior, as well as a summary of some of the extant evidence on housing demand. This chapter also estimates the housing demand models for the low-income population in the Demand Experiment, using housing expenditures to measure housing. Chapter 3 applies a hedonic index of housing services that abstracts from particular characteristics of the household or landlord that may affect rent and attempts to measure housing in a more objective manner. Chapter 4 describes a model of household behavior that leads to the methodology for estimating experimental effects. Chapter 5 repeats the analysis for Minimum Rent households, while Chapter 6 examines the effect of both kinds of Housing Gap allowance payment on the consumption of housing services. Lastly, Chapter 7 focuses on the implications of the experimental findings for housing policy. This chapter compares a housing allowance strategy with two other approaches, namely, a pure income-transfer approach and a construction-oriente... approach. This book is of value to workers in housing policy, including economists, regional and other social scientists in academia, housing analysts, the Congress, housing lobby groups, and state and local government housing officials.

  • Law and Economics of Vertical Integration and Control

    • 1st Edition
    • Roger D. Blair + 1 more
    • English
    Law and Economics of Vertical Integration and Control focuses on the processes, methodologies, and approaches involved in the law and economics of vertical integration and control. The publication first elaborates on transaction costs, fixed proportions and contractual alternatives, and variable proportions and contractual alternatives. Discussions focus on sales revenue royalties, ownership integration, output royalties, important product-specific services, successive monopoly, advantages and limitations of internal transfers, and transaction cost determinants. The text then examines vertical integration under uncertainty and vertical integration without contractual alternatives. The book ponders on legal treatment of ownership integration and per se illegal contractual controls. Topics include tying arrangements, public policy assessment, resale price maintenance, vertical integration and the Sherman Act, market foreclosure doctrine, and the 1982 Merger Guidelines. The text also takes a look at contractual controls that are not illegal per se, alternative legal rules, and antitrust policy. The publication is a dependable reference for researchers interested in the law and economics of vertical integration and control.

  • Portfolio Theory

    With Application to Bank Asset Management
    • 1st Edition
    • Giorgio P. Szegö
    • Karl Shell
    • English
    Portfolio Theory: With Application to Bank Asset Management provides information pertinent to the fundamental aspects of the management of bank assets and liabilities. This book presents the mean-variance approach to obtain many analytical results and a complete insight into the portfolio selection problem. Organized into 16 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the formalization of decision-making under uncertainty. This text then presents the construction and complete analysis of a Markowitz-type portfolio selection model. Other chapters consider the problems of portfolio selection in an inflationary or multicurrency environment. This book discusses as well an approximate technique for constructing a diagonal model at the cost of increasing by one the number of investments and the number of constraints. The final chapter deals with the study of the portfolio selection problem and to the analysis of the properties of the efficient set of the mean variance criterion. This book is a valuable resource for economists.

  • The Second Paycheck

    A Socioeconomic Analysis of Earnings
    • 1st Edition
    • Alice Nakamura + 1 more
    • English
    The Second Paycheck: A Socioeconomic Analysis of Earnings is a comprehensive analysis of the socioeconomic aspects of earnings, with emphasis on the dynamic labor supply behavior of men and women. The importance of dynamic models in understanding labor supply is highlighted. The impact of children on the dynamic labor supply of men and women, and how changes in marital status affect female labor supply, are also discussed. Comprised of eight chapters, this book begins by considering several reasons why the labor force behavior of married women has become an important topic in the mainstream of the economics literature. The work behavior of married women is examined in the larger context of the work behavior of married and unmarried men and women. Furthermore, a microanalytic simulation approach to behavioral research and forecasting is presented. The behavioral model used in this study is then described. In addition to coefficient estimates, the probabilities of work, expected wage rates and expected hours of work are analyzed. A Heckman-type model of work behavior is also generalized to include unemployment. This monograph is intended for economists, sociologists, students of labor economics, researchers, forecasters, and those from all backgrounds who are interested in understanding or forecasting the employment and earnings behavior of women.

  • The Quaternary of Israel

    • 1st Edition
    • Aharon Horowitz
    • English
    The Quaternary of Israel presents the ensuing synthesis of the development of Israel during the Quaternary, with its implication with human life and paleoenvironments. This book discusses Israel as the key area for the connection of the African and European Quaternary sequences, which bear prime significance for the problems of human evolution, settlement, and migration. Organized into nine chapters, this book begins with an overview of the environments, the pre-Quaternary geology, and the structural evolution of the region. This text then examines the sedimentary sequence and erosional processes that influenced Israel during the Quaternary. Other chapters consider the pollen spectra of Israel as representative of vegetation, climatic conditions, and processes of transport and deposition. This book discusses as well the major descriptive reports to anthropological material uncovered in Israel and explores the significance of these discoveries. The final chapter deals with the paleoclimatic, paleogeographic, and environmental development of Israel in connection with human settlement. This book is a valuable resource for anthropologists and geologists.

  • Uncertainty in Economics

    Readings and Exercises
    • 1st Edition
    • Peter Diamond + 1 more
    • English
    Uncertainty in Economics: Readings and Exercises provides information pertinent to the fundamental aspects of the economics of uncertainty. This book discusses ho uncertainty affects both individual behavior and standard equilibrium theory. Organized into three parts encompassing 30 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the relevance of expected utility maximization for positive and normative theories of individual choice. This text then examines the biases in judgments, which reveal some heuristics of thinking under uncertainty. Other chapters consider the effect of restricting trade in contingent commodities to those trades that can be affected through the stock and bond markets. This book discusses as well the individual problem of sequential choice and equilibria, which are built around the notion of sequential choice. The final chapter deals with an entirely different aspect of the economics of information and reverts to the assumption that markets are perfect and costless. This book is a valuable resource for economists and students.

  • New Quantitative Techniques for Economic Analysis

    • 1st Edition
    • Giorgio P. Szegö
    • English
    Economic Theory, Econometrics, and Mathematical Economics: New Quantitative Techniques for Economic Analysis provides a critical appraisal of the results, the limits, and the developments of well-established quantitative techniques. This book presents a detailed analysis of the quantitative techniques for economic analysis. Organized into four parts encompassing 16 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the general questions concerning models and model making. This text then provides the main results and various interesting economic applications of some quantitative techniques that have not been widely used in the economic field. Other chapters consider the principle of optimality in dynamic programing wherein the infinite sequence of consumption-saving decisions can be reduced to one decision. This book discusses as well the methods for online control and management of large-scale systems. The final chapter deals with special problems. This book is a valuable resource for economists, social scientists, epistemologists, economic historians, and research workers.

  • A Theory of International Trade Under Uncertainty

    • 1st Edition
    • Elhanan Helpman + 1 more
    • Karl Shell
    • English
    A Theory of International Trade Under Uncertainty analyzes international trade in goods and securities in the presence of uncertainty using an integrated general equilibrium framework that recognizes the dependence of markets for goods on financial markets and vice versa. The usefulness of this approach is demonstrated by means of applications to questions such as the effects of international trade on resource allocation, tariff policy, and intervention in financial capital markets. Results which are important for theoretical as well as policy oriented applications are presented. Comprised of 11 chapters, this volume begins with an introduction to some of the fundamental elements of the deterministic Ricardian and Heckscher-Ohlin theories of international trade. Relevant elements from the theory of decision making under uncertainty are then discussed, along with the behavior of firms and consumers-investors in an economy with stock markets. Subsequent chapters focus on problems of commercial policy; gains from trade in goods and securities; and issues of intervention in financial capital markets. The book concludes by describing a dynamic model of international trade that contains an infinite horizon and takes into account the trade-off between present period consumption and savings. An example that illustrates an equilibrium structure of the dynamic model is presented. This monograph is intended for economists who are interested in international trade or international finance, including graduate students who specialize in these fields.

  • Wolf and Man

    Evolution in Parallel
    • 1st Edition
    • Roberta L. Hall + 1 more
    • English
    Wolf and Man: Evolution in Parallel is a collection of papers that discusses certain crucial attributes of humans including traits that are shared with other social predators. Some papers describe the wolf as the equal of man—the animal is a social hunter of large game, disregards human boundaries and properties, and consume livestock when it is necessary. The wolf's will to survive is as great as that of man, and brings along many resources to the competition. Several papers review the behavior and culture of man, wolf, dog, and the Chipewyan people who hunted caribou. Another paper examines the communication, cognitive mapping, and strategy in wolves and hominids. Hominids have developed cognitive maps, forced by their predation on large animals to cover wider ranges, to communicate and form complex sequences of utterances. One paper notes that the wolf was able to penetrate on every continent except Australia and Africa due to the Australian continent's isolation. In Africa, there is no ecological space for another highly organized social hunter of large game. The collection can be appreciated by anthropologists, sociologists, psychologists, and scientists involved in paleontology and human evolution.

  • Studies in Macroeconomic Theory

    Redistribution and Growth
    • 1st Edition
    • Edmund S. Phelps
    • Karl Shell
    • English
    Studies in Macroeconomic Theory, Volume 2: Redistribution and Growth is a compendium of scholarly papers on the behavior and public control of distribution and growth in the market economy. The papers in this volume focus on the subject of public finance under the broad theory of economic policy. The papers are grouped into five groups or sections. Part I covers the steady-state choices. The second part takes up the efficient use of a given volume of saving in the choice among national investments. Part III explores the alternative approaches to optimal national saving. Part IV discusses the maximin-optimal graduated taxation of wage income. The final section expounds on Rawls's vision of the just economy. Economists will find the text invaluable and insightful.

  • Cognitive Development of Children and Youth

    A Longitudinal Study
    • 1st Edition
    • Herbert J. Klausmeier + 1 more
    • Allen J. Edwards
    • English
    Cognitive Development of Children and Youth: A Longitudinal Study presents a theory of cognitive development, including descriptive information and conclusions based on a longitudinal study. This book discusses the mental operations in concept learning, results pertaining to comparisons between control groups and longitudinal blocks, and operations involving meaningful reception learning at the formal level. The conditions of learning and memory requirements, linguistic-relativit... hypothesis, invariant sequencing, and rate and form of cognitive development across the school years are also elaborated. This text likewise covers the conditions contributing to rapid and slow cognitive development, longitudinal intervention study, and differences among concepts in age of attainment. This publication is intended for individuals who are interested in the cognitive development of children and youth, as well as upper-division and graduate students in psychology, educational psychology, and education.

  • Adolescence

    The Transitional Years
    • 1st Edition
    • J. Roy Hopkins
    • English
    Adolescence: The Transitional Years presents the intricate physical, emotional, and behavioral changes that occur during the years between childhood and adulthood. This book provides psychological studies of adolescence and the methods used to gain information about adolescent development. Organized into 12 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the contributions of psychology to understanding the transition from childhood to adulthood. This text then reviews the changes at puberty, including the sequence of development for girls and boys and the underlying physiological mechanisms responsible. Other chapters consider the cultural variations in the mode of transition from childhood to adulthood. This book provides as well a brief overview of the psychological dimensions of self-identity. The final chapter deals with the educational experience for adolescents and examines the factors associated with different levels of educational attainment. This book is a valuable resource for developmental psychologists, sociologists, geneticists, anthropologists, theorists, and research workers.

  • Depth Perception Through Motion

    • 1st Edition
    • Myron L. Braunstein
    • Edward C. Carterette + 1 more
    • English
    Series in Cognition and Perception: Depth Perception Through Motion focuses on the processes, methodologies, and techniques involved in depth perception through motion, including optic array, rigid motions, illusions, and axis. The book first elaborates on the paradox of depth perception, illusions of motion in depth, and optic array. Discussions focus on rigid motions in three-dimensional space, perspective gradients, projection plane, stereokinetic effect, rotating trapezoid, and the windmill and fan illusions. The text then examines transformations leading to the perception of depth, slant perception, and perceived direction of rotary motion. Topics include shadow and computer projections, direct observation of rotating figures, a model of the perception of rotary motion, dynamic slant and static slant perception, translations along the Z axis, and rotations about the X or Y axis. The publication is intended for researchers and graduate students interested in depth perception in dynamic environments.

  • Welfare Effects of Trade Restrictions

    A Case Study of the U.S. Footwear Industry
    • 1st Edition
    • Michael Szenberg + 2 more
    • Karl Shell
    • English
    Welfare Effects of Trade Restrictions: A Case Study of the U.S. Footwear Industry evaluates and analyzes the welfare effects of removing trade restrictions on United States imports of nonrubber footwear through the product and employment markets. This book focuses on the structural characteristics of the industry and its adjustment experience to import competition. Organized into four chapters, this book begins with an overview of the detailed structural characteristics of the domestic footwear industry and its degree of competition. This text then provides the analytical framework for estimating the welfare effects of removing trade restrictions on imported footwear by using a consumer surplus approach. Other chapters consider the essential parameters needed in evaluating the foregoing effects of import restrictions on the domestic industry. This book discusses as well the impact of tariff restrictions on imported footwear. The final chapter deals with the trade adjustment assistance experience of the footwear industry. This book is a valuable resource for economists.

  • Internal Migration

    A Comparative Perspective
    • 1st Edition
    • Alan A. Brown + 1 more
    • English
    Internal Migration: A Comparative Perspective is the third in a series of publications sponsored by the Committee on Comparative Urban Economics. This book highlights the integral migration in several regions of the world and the problems in regions of varying levels of economic development, and with different economic systems. This text is organized into five parts encompassing 24 chapters. The introductory part describes the interactions between migration and socioeconomic development, along with the functions and dynamics of the migration process. The next part explores the methodological aspects of migration, including the models, measurements, and theoretical reflections of internal migration. Other parts discuss the effect of migration on regions and individuals. These chapters also present some case studies of internal migration in the West and Eastern Europe. The demographic effect of migration on an urban population, the ethnicity as a barrier to migration, and the influence of social and geographical mobility on the stability of kinship systems are reviewed. The concluding part relates a comparative disciplinary and systemic view of migration. This book will be of great value to economists, sociologists, and social workers.

  • Protecting the Social Service Client

    Legal and Structural Controls on Official Discretion
    • 1st Edition
    • Joel F. Handler
    • Robert H. Haveman
    • English
    Protecting the Social Service Client: Legal and Structural Controls on Official Discretion examines the treatment of clients of public and private social service agencies and highlights the role of consumer protection in dealing with the existence and abuse of administrative discretion. Of particular concern is the legal rights of these social service clients — principally the poor — and how effectively these rights are being enforced. The history of due process protection (that is, by means of appeals and court hearings) is discussed and a number of legal and structural remedies are offered. Comprised of six chapters, this book begins by setting forth the issues and reviewing the experiences of client protections under the due process model, with emphasis on discretion as a key legal issue in social services. The reader is then introduced to legal theory, particularly how constitutional and statutory law defines the legal interests of social service clients and what system of protection is provided by the law. Subsequent chapters focus on the protection of client rights in practice as well as several different legal and structural remedies to client protections. The legal protection of clients is analyzed, first from the client perspective and then from the point of view of the policymaker. This monograph is intended for social work professionals, administrators, policymakers, and advocates of the rights of people who deal with social welfare agencies.

  • General Equilibrium Models of Monetary Economies

    Studies in the Static Foundations of Monetary Theory
    • 1st Edition
    • Ross M. Starr
    • English
    General Equilibrium Models of Monetary Economies: Studies in the Static Foundations of Monetary Theory is a collection of essays that addresses the integration of the theory of money and the theory of value by using a mathematical general equilibrium theory. The papers discuss monetary theory, microeconomic theory, bilateral trade, transactions costs, intertemporal allocation, and the value of money. The Arrow-Debreu model of Walrasian general equilibrium theory provides a framework to represent money as a device for facilitating trade among economic agents without the use of money as a medium of exchange and as a store of value. The essays analyze the rationale for using a medium of exchange, for using a store of value, and for holding of idle balances in equilibrium. The essays show that by explicit modeling of the structure and difficulties of trade, a powerful class of models which deny money and finance a role in the economy, has by itself shown to have provided the foundation for the structures of trade. The collection will prove helpful for economists, statistician, mathematicians, students or professors of economics and business.

  • Formal Language Theory

    Perspectives and Open Problems
    • 1st Edition
    • Ronald V. Book
    • English
    Formal Language Theory: Perspectives and Open Problems focuses on the trends and major open problems on the formal language theory. The selection first ponders on the methods for specifying families of formal languages, open problems about regular languages, and generators of cones and cylinders. Discussions focus on cylinders of algebraic languages, cone of algebraic languages, regularity of noncounting classes, group complexity, specification formalism, and grammars. The publication then elaborates on very small families of algebraic nonrational languages and formal languages and their relation to automata. The book tackles morphisms on free monoids and language theory, homomorphisms, and survey of results and open problems in the mathematical theory of L systems. Topics include single finite substitutions iterated, single homomorphisms iterated, representation of language families, homomorphism equivalence on a language, and problems about infinite words. The selection is a valuable source of data for researchers interested in the formal language theory.

  • Individual Differences in Language Ability and Language Behavior

    • 1st Edition
    • Charles J Fillmore + 2 more
    • English
    Individual Differences in Language Ability and Language Behavior is a collection of papers that discusses differences at the center of the study of language, specifically, on the various dimensions of linguistic ability and behavior along which individuals can differ from each other. Papers also review the development of techniques that measure these dimensions in relation to biological, psychological, and cultural parameters. Some papers review individual differences in language study in terms of different perspectives: that of a psychometrician's, of an individualistic's vantage point, and of a psycholinguistic's. Other papers discuss how each individual accesses, uses, and judges his language through fluency, biases, spatial principles, or a linguistic-phonetic mode. Several papers examine individual differences in language acquisition, such as "profile analysis," strategies in acquisition of sounds, second language learning, and duplication of adult language system. A group of papers addresses the biological aspects of language variation. These biological aspects include selective disorders of syntax (agrammatism), selective disorders of lexical retrieval (anomia), and cerebral lateralization effects in language processing. Certain papers explain individual differences in languages using sociolinguistic analysis. The collection is well suited for linguists, ethnologists, psychologists, and researchers whose works involve linguistics, learning, communications, and syntax.

  • Kingsmill Plantations, 1619—1800

    Archaeology of Country Life in Colonial Virginia
    • 1st Edition
    • William M. Kelso
    • English
    Kingsmill Plantations, 1619-1800: Archaeology of Country Life in Colonial Virginia covers the historical and archaeological aspects, along with reconstruction attempt of a typical setting of seven plantation sites at Kingmill, near Williambsburg, Virginia. This book contains five chapters that focus on the settlement and development of Kingsmill’s homesteads and estates. Other chapters provide the names and personalities for the plantation sites at Kingmill. Considerable archaeological findings concerning the sites’ manor, tenements, mansions, houses, quarters, and outbuildings are discussed. The remaining chapters deal with the evaluation of the sites’ gardens, wells, waste, pots, bones, and status. This book is intended primarily for architectural historians, archaeologists, and anthropologists.

  • Symbolic Play

    The Development of Social Understanding
    • 1st Edition
    • Inge Bretherton
    • English
    Symbolic Play: The Development of Social Understanding describes the development of symbolic play from infancy through the preschool years. This text is divided into 12 chapters that focus on make-believe as an activity within which young children spontaneously represent and practice their understanding of the social world. The first chapter introduces the development of event schemata produced in symbolic play, about children's management of the playframe, and about the development of subjunctive, or "what if" thought. The next chapters are devoted to the development of joint pretending, specifically the use if shared scripts in the organization of make-believe play and the subtleties of metacommunication. These chapters also emphasize the supporting role of the mother in early collaborative make-believe. These topics are followed by discussions of the child's growing ability to represent the internal states of the inanimate figures whose doing can vicariously enacts. The remaining chapters focus on social interaction through symbolic play with dolls, toy animals, object props, and language. This book will prove useful to psychologists and researchers in the fields of human development, society, and family.

  • Monkeys as Perceivers

    • 1st Edition
    • Roger T. Davis
    • Leonard A. Rosenblum
    • English
    Primate Behavior: Developments in Field and Laboratory Research, Volume 3: Monkeys as Perceivers illustrates some general procedures for studying nonverbal perceiving in monkeys. This book takes into account the environment that was present when the monkeys were evolving their basic patterns of behavior in order to describe monkeys as perceivers. The topics include the general requirements for a description of nonverbal perception, inferences about attention, and complex conflicting cues of space. The interpretation of spatial discontiguity, alternative ways to measure detour performance, and methodological problems in specifying form are also described. This publication likewise covers the confusion errors in short-term memory and color perception. This volume is suitable for biologists and researchers interested in monkeys as perceivers.

  • Language Development and Aphasia in Children

    New Essays and a Translation of Kindersprache und Aphasie by Emil Fröschels
    • 1st Edition
    • R. W. Rieber
    • English
    Language Development and Aphasia in Children: New Essays and a Translation of Kindersprache und Aphasie by Emil Fröschels deals with problems of theory, method, and therapy as well as the interpretation of language development and aphasia in children. A translation of Emil Fröschels' book Kindersprache und Aphasie into English (Child Language and Aphasia) is included. Comprised of 26 chapters, this book begins with a historical review that illustrates how the ideas of other influential figures laid the groundwork for Child Language and Aphasia (1918), including Géraud de Cordemoy and Denis Diderot. The discussion then turns to the environment that surrounded Child Language and Aphasia and some of Fröschels' observations regarding the nature of aphasia in children. The effect of left hemisphere arteriopathy on communicative intent, expression, and language comprehension in a right-handed nine-year-old girl is also examined. Subsequent chapters focus on theories of reading and language development; the psychology of association; the theory of the transitive contents of consciousness; and stuttering in children and aphasics. This monograph should be of considerable interest to students, researchers, and specialists in the fields of neurolinguistics, psycholinguistics, neuropsychology, and neurophysiology.

  • A Lexicon of Economics

    • 1st Edition
    • Kenyon A. Knopf
    • English
    A Lexicon of Economics compiles definitions and abbreviations of many commonly used economic terms and concepts. This book begins by providing a list of abbreviations, acronyms, and foreign phrases, followed by the definition of economic terms that are organized into alphabetical order. This compilation aims to address two difficulties in the idiom of economics—first is the exact use of a very specific definition for a common word that has many diverse meanings in everyday usage, and secondly, the interpretation of acronyms and abbreviations frequently used in economic and financial discussions. This monograph is suitable for professionals who want a handy, clear explanation of the economic terms they hear or read everyday.

  • The Shanidar Neandertals

    • 1st Edition
    • Erik Trinkaus
    • English
    The Shanidar Neandertals describes the functional morphology of the Neanderthals and their place in human evolution based on a paleontological study of fossils discovered at Shanidar Cave in northeastern Iraq. Functional interpretations are provided that describe and discuss the individual fossils. The phylogenetic implications of the Shanidar specimens are also discussed. Comprised of 14 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the Neanderthal remains from the Shanidar Cave and the paleontological data obtained from the fossils. The discussion then turns to the history of the excavations in Shanidar Cave and the discoveries of the Neanderthals; morphometrics of the Shanidar remains; and determination of the age and sex of the Shanidar Neanderthals. Subsequent chapters focus on various aspects of the Neanderthal fossils, including the cranial and mandibular remains; the dental remains; the axial skeleton; and the upper and lower limb remains. The immature remains are also described, along with bodily proportions and the estimation of stature. This monograph will be of interest to archaeologists, anthropologists, paleontologists, and paleopathologists.

  • Regional Analysis

    Economic Systems
    • 1st Edition
    • Carol A. Smith
    • English
    Regional Analysis, Volume I: Economic Systems explores the interconnectedness of economic and social systems as they exist and develop in territorial-environm... systems. This volume concentrates on developing and refining models of trade and urban evolution, emphasizing evolutionary models and relationship between economic and political subsystems in the developmental process. Topics include the regional approach to economic systems; trade, markets, and urban centers in developing regions; spatio-economic organization in complex regional systems; and economic consequences of regional system organization. This publication is valuable to social and regional scientists, geographers, economists, social anthropologists, archeologists, sociologists, and political scientists interested in the implications of rural-urban relations and regional settlement patterns.

  • Communication and Affect

    A Comparative Approach
    • 1st Edition
    • Thomas Alloway + 2 more
    • English
    Communication and Affect: A Comparative Approach examines the communication of affective or emotional feelings from a broad phylogenetic and ontogenetic perspective. The book presents basic research findings and theoretical orientations with regards to affective responses and communication involving humans, machines, chimpanzees, monkeys, dogs, and rodents. Comprised of seven chapters, this volume begins with a discussion on the development of love in primates throughout its entire sequential course, from the mother-infant stage of pious, proper propinquity to the adult stage of seasoned, salacious, seductive success. In all the stages of love, much of the essential social information is supplied by unlearned communications which are rapidly overlaid by a veneer of learning. Subsequent chapters explore attachment and dependence; signs of language in children and chimpanzees; affective aspects of aesthetic communication; the communication of affect and the possibility of human-machine interaction as a dyad; and development of affect in dogs and rodents. This book should be of use to psychologists, linguists, and educators interested in the evolution and development of communication and affect in mammals.

  • Perceptual Coding

    • 1st Edition
    • Edward C. Carterette + 1 more
    • English
    Handbook of Perception, Volume VIII: Perceptual Coding covers perceptual coding of space, time, and objects, including sensory memory systems and the relations between verbal and perceptual codes. This volume contains contributions that focus on such subjects as the compound eye; the problems of the perceptual constancies and of intersensory coordination in perceptual development; the visual perception of objects in space; and perception of motion. Topics on the perception of color, the representation of temporal, auditory, and haptic perception; and the relationship between verbal and perceptual codes are discussed in detail as well. This book will be of use to psychologists, biologists, and those interested in the study of perceptual codes.

  • Forecasting Economic Time Series

    • 2nd Edition
    • C. W. J. Granger + 1 more
    • Karl Shell
    • English
    Economic Theory, Econometrics, and Mathematical Economics, Second Edition: Forecasting Economic Time Series presents the developments in time series analysis and forecasting theory and practice. This book discusses the application of time series procedures in mainstream economic theory and econometric model building. Organized into 10 chapters, this edition begins with an overview of the problem of dealing with time series possessing a deterministic seasonal component. This text then provides a description of time series in terms of models known as the time-domain approach. Other chapters consider an alternative approach, known as spectral or frequency-domain analysis, that often provides useful insights into the properties of a series. This book discusses as well a unified approach to the fitting of linear models to a given time series. The final chapter deals with the main advantage of having a Gaussian series wherein the optimal single series, least-squares forecast will be a linear forecast. This book is a valuable resource for economists.

  • The Unity of the Senses

    Interrelations Among the Modalities
    • 1st Edition
    • Lawrence E. Marks
    • Edward C. Carterette + 1 more
    • English
    Academic Press Series in Cognition and Perception: The Unity of the Senses: Interrelations Among the Modalities focuses on the perceptual processes, approaches, and methodologies involved in studies on the unity of the senses. The publication first elaborates on the doctrines of equivalent information, analogous sensory attributes and qualities, and common psychophysical properties. Discussions focus on discrimination, sensitivity, sound symbolism, intensity, brightness, and cross-modal perception of size, form, and space. The text then examines the doctrine of neural correspondences and sound symbolism in poetry, including sound and meaning, analogue and formal representation, vowel symbolism in poetry, coding perceptual information, coding sensory attributes, and evolution and development. The manuscript takes a look at synesthetic metaphor in poetry, as well as unity of the senses and synesthetic metaphor, warm and cool colors, synesthetic metaphors of odor and music, metaphorical imperative, and the music of Conrad Aiken. The publication is a valuable source of data for researchers interested in the unity of the senses.

  • Evaluation of Econometric Models

    • 1st Edition
    • Jan Kmenta + 1 more
    • English
    Evaluation of Econometric Models presents approaches to assessing and enhancing the progress of applied economic research. This book discusses the problems and issues in evaluating econometric models, use of exploratory methods in economic analysis, and model construction and evaluation when theoretical knowledge is scarce. The data analysis by partial least squares, prediction analysis of economic models, and aggregation and disaggregation of nonlinear equations are also elaborated. This text likewise covers the comparison of econometric models by optimal control techniques, role of time series analysis in econometric model evaluation, and hypothesis testing in spectral regression. Other topics include the relevance of laboratory experiments to testing resource allocation theory and token economy and animal models for the experimental analysis of economic behavior. This publication is intended for students and researchers interested in evaluating econometric models.

  • NIH: An Account of Research in Its Laboratories and Clinics

    • 1st Edition
    • DeWitt Stetten
    • English
    NIH: An Account of Research in Its Laboratories and Clinics contains collected accounts of the Intramural Research Program, as they happened in the laboratories and clinics, in various installations of the National Institutes of Health across the U.S.A. One paper discusses the etiology of schizophrenia which notes that, based on evidence and expanded adoption studies by Ketty, Rosenthal, and Wender, genetic factors actually contribute to the development of the disease. In developing countries, schizophrenia follows a more benign course. Some papers describe bacteriology, mycology, viral hepatitis, basic immunology, clinical immunology, and the development of enzymology. Researchers studying proteins elucidate on the synthesis and folding of protein chains, protein conformation and dynamics, the semisynthesis and protein function, as well as on sequence analysis and collagen research. Other papers describe the breaking of the genetic code, the progress made from the genetic code to beta thalassemia, to investigations of genetic diseases (such as galactosemia, gout, Lesch-Nyhan disease, mucopolysaccharide storage disease, and sickle cell disease). One paper notes the contribution of the intramural clinical research program of the National Cancer Institute to cancer therapy with emphasis in cancer chemotherapy. Professors in pharmacology, practitioners of general medicine, specialists or researchers dealing with microchemistry, toxicology, drug therapy, or oncology will find the collection valuable.

  • Exemplar-Based Knowledge Acquisition

    A Unified Approach to Concept Representation, Classification, and Learning
    • 1st Edition
    • Ray Bareiss
    • B. Chandrasekaran
    • English
    Exemplar-Based Knowledge Acquisition: A Unified Approach to Concept Representation, Classification, and Learning covers the fundamental issues in cognitive science and the technology for solving real problems. This text contains six chapters and begins with a description of the rationale for the design of Protos Approach, its construction and performance. The succeeding chapters discuss how the Protos approach meets the requirements of representing concepts, using them for classification, and acquiring them from available training. These chapters also deal with the design and implementation of Protos. These topics are followed by a presentation of examples of the application of Protos to audiology and evaluate its performance. The final chapters survey related work in the areas of case-based reasoning and automated knowledge acquisition and the contributions of Protos approach. This book will be of great value to psychologists, psychiatrists, and researchers in the field of artificial intelligence.

  • Anthropology and the Public Interest

    Fieldwork and Theory
    • 1st Edition
    • Peggy Reeves Sanday
    • English
    Anthropology and the Public Interest: Field work and Theory provides an understanding of how culture affects human lives, and uses this understanding in formulating and implementing domestic social policy. This book defines basic research as contributing to theory, knowledge, and method that contributes to the advancement of social science. Organized into four parts encompassing 19 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the greatest potential payoff for the advancement of social science and for enlightened social programming. This text then presents an insightful discussion of why cultural differences among people have gone so largely unrecognized. Other chapters consider the cultural or language processes of contemporary U.S. populations. This book discusses as well the changing environment that gave rise to the tremendous growth in academic anthropology. The final chapter deals with social indicators research and discusses the potential role of anthropology in such work. This book is a valuable resource for anthropologists.

  • The Social Structure of Right and Wrong

    • 1st Edition
    • Donald Black
    • English
    The Social Structure of Right and Wrong focuses on formulations that predict and explain the nature of social control throughout the world and across history. The publication first offers information on social control as a dependent variable, crime as a social control, and compensation and the social structure of misfortune. Discussions focus on the theory of compensation, traditional self-help, concept of social control, varieties of normative behavior, models of social control, and quantity of normative variation. The text then elaborates on social control of the self and elementary forms of conflict management. The manuscript takes a look at the theory of third party and on taking sides, including legal, latent, and slow partisanship, social gravitation, models of partisanship, settlement roles, partisanship in tribal societies, and typology of third parties. The text then examines the factors involved in making enemies, as well as social repulsion, moral evolution, and third-party and unilateral moralism. The publication is a dependable source of data for sociologists and researchers interested in the social structure of right and wrong.

  • Qsar es-Seghir

    An Archaeological View of Medieval Life
    • 1st Edition
    • Charles L. Redman
    • English
    Qsar es-Seghir: An Archaeological View of Medieval Life presents the findings of archaeological investigations at Qsar es-Seghir, a medieval port midway between Tangier and Ceuta on the Moroccan shores of the Strait of Gibraltar. The archaeology and material inventory of Qsar es-Seghir are described, along with the reconstruction of the city based on archaeological analysis. Comprised of seven chapters, this book begins with an introduction to Qsar es-Seghir and an overview of the Moroccan-American Archaeological Project that was launched with the support of the Smithsonian Institution and the government of Morocco to study life in this ancient Islamic city during the medieval period. After documenting the history of Qsar es-Seghir, the Islamic city is described based on the accounts of geographers and historians and then as it emerged through the archaeological excavations. Emphasis is on the architecture and town plan as they reveal the organizing principles of the society and the daily lifeways of its inhabitants. Subsequent chapters focus on the artifacts used by the people of Qsar es-Seghir, including tools, weapons, tableware, and jewelry; the activities that were conducted at Qsar es-Seghir; and the town plan, fortifications, monuments, and housing at Qsar es-Seghir as a Portuguese colony. This monograph should be of value to students, researchers, and practitioners in the fields of archaeology and anthropology, as well as to laypersons interested in medieval life.

  • Theory and Measurement of Economic Externalities

    • 1st Edition
    • Steven A. Y. Lin
    • English
    Theory and Measurement of Economic Externalities provides information on some analytical and empirical developments in the field of externalities. This book presents the function of turning out producer's goods in the form of better knowledge, analytical formulation, and approaches for application to current problems. Organized into five parts encompassing 12 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the notion of externalities in connection with analyses of economic welfare. This text then discusses the relationship between publicness and external diseconomies when either consumption or production or decision sets are nonconvex due to a high degree of externalities. Other chapters consider disproving the pessimistic conclusions concerning tax–subsidy schemes. This book discusses as well the solutions for the allocation of resources in an economy with public goods and interdependent preferences. The final chapter deals with a general framework for estimating externality production functions. This book is a valuable resource for economists.

  • Household and Economy

    Welfare Economics of Endogenous Fertility
    • 1st Edition
    • Marc Nerlove + 2 more
    • Karl Shell
    • English
    Household and Economy: Welfare Economics of Endogenous Fertility deals with welfare economics and the socially optimal population size, as well as the social consequences of individual choice with respect to family size within each generation. The general equilibrium implications of endogenous fertility for a number of issues of population policy are discussed. In addition to their own consumption, the number of children and the utility of each child is assumed to enter the utility function of the parents. Comprised of 10 chapters, this volume begins with a review of social welfare criteria for optimal population size and the static theory of optimal population size, optimal population growth with exogenous fertility, and the theory of endogenous fertility. The reader is then introduced to the basic principles of welfare economics and the economics of externalities, followed by a summary of the traditional theory of household behavior. Subsequent chapters focus on optimal population size according to various social welfare criteria; real and potential externalities generated by the endogeneity of fertility; and the principal alternative reason for having children: to transfer resources from the present to support the future consumption of parents in old age. The book concludes by assessing the implications of endogenous fertility for within-generation income distribution policies and reflecting on the directions in which future research may be fruitful. This monograph will be of value to economists, social scientists, students of welfare economics, and those who wish to understand the contribution of economic analysis to an improved understanding of population policy.

  • Production Sets

    • 1st Edition
    • Murray C. Kemp
    • English
    Production Sets is a 12-chapter text that provides a comprehensive account of the properties of production sets. After a brief history of the analysis of production set possibilities, this book goes on examining the flatness of the transformation surface and the properties of production set possibilities with pure intermediate products. The succeeding chapters cover the shape aspects of production sets and the nonsubstitution over the production-possibili... frontier. These topics are followed by discussions of some implications of variable returns to scale, specifically the relation between output responses and the shape of the locus of production possibilities. The final chapters explore the production-possibili... set with public intermediate goods and the scale effect of public goods on production-possibili... sets. These chapters also look into the properties of the per capita production set in the two-sector model of economic growth. This book will prove useful to economists, teachers, and students.

  • The Unreal Life of Oscar Zariski

    • 1st Edition
    • Carol Parikh
    • English
    The Unreal Life of Oscar Zariski records the life of Oscar Zariski that is based upon Carol Parikh's interviews with his family, colleagues, students, and his own memories from tape-recorded interviews conducted before his death in 1986. This book describes Oscar Zariski's work in mathematics that perpetually altered the foundations of algebraic geometry. The powerful tools he forged from the ideas of algebra allowed him to penetrate classical problems with a clarity and depth that brought a rigor to the way algebraic geometers carry out proofs. The strength of his work was matched by his forcefulness as a teacher, and the students he trained at Johns Hopkins and later at Harvard have made essential contributions to many areas of mathematics. This publication is beneficial to students and researchers interested in Oscar Zariski’s life and work in mathematics.

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