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Books in Social sciences and humanities

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    • The Intelligent Imitator

      • 1st Edition
      • Volume 95
      • November 20, 1992
      • R. Kvadsheim
      • English
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 0 8 0 8 6 7 4 9 6
      This monograph presents a novel conceptual framework for the study of human social behavior with potentially far-reaching implications. Owing to the role it accords to stored memory representations of observed occurrences (examples) of actions, the proposed framework is referred to as the Exemplar Choice Theory, or ECT. The theory links perception and action and combines an expectancy-value perspective on choice behavior, with features of recent exemplar-based approaches to the study of human information processing. It addresses the influence of social models, as well as the impact of past action consequences and differs from extant theories of instrumental learning. The volume focuses on two extreme classes of conditions defined in terms of the actor's limited access to information and discusses available evidence from many areas of psychology. Its structure is as follows: the introductory chapter locates the proposed theory within a historical context; this is followed by an overview of the main structure of the conceptual framework; subsequently, general propositions are presented and discussed in detail; later, empirical implications are derived for certain extreme classes of choice conditions and considered in the light of empirical evidence. It is hoped the publication will inspire students and researchers of psychology, biology, zoology and of many social sciences, including sociology, anthropology, decision research, marketing, economics, cognitive science and mass media studies to undertake further research and to reconsider existing data and frameworks.

    • Psychophysical Approaches to Cognition

      • 1st Edition
      • Volume 92
      • August 20, 1992
      • D. Algom
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 0 4 4 4 5 4 8 7 1 9
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 0 8 0 8 6 7 4 6 5
      Our lives are informed by perceptual and cognitive processes at all levels, from instrumental learning to metaphorical discourse to memorial representation. Yet, historically, these two branches of experimental psychology, perception and cognition, have developed separately using independent methods of experimentation and analysis. This volume is motivated by the assumption that a fundamental integration of the two fields is fruitful methodologically and indispensable theoretically. It explores how the notion of psychophysics aligned with cognitive processes shapes the study of perception and cognition, and illuminates a variety of contemporary research issues from a novel theoretical perspective. The papers raise conceptual and metatheoretical issues against the background of relevant empirical data.The authors provide a virtually narrative account of the most recent developments in their respective fields of expertise in psychophysics and cognitive psychology. Hence, this volume gives the interested reader an opportunity to reflect critically upon some of the current issues defining the two domains and their conjunction. Topics discussed include the psychology and psychophysics of similarity, the psychophysics of visual memory and cognitive factors in judgment. The emerging notion of cognitive psychophysics may well warrant the attention of experts in the field.

    • Percepts, Concepts and Categories

      • 1st Edition
      • Volume 93
      • October 9, 1992
      • B. Burns
      • English
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 0 8 0 8 6 7 4 7 2
      The most important distinction derived from the computational view of thought is between structures and processes. So proclaimed Farah and Kosslyn in 1982, arguing that structures and processes cannot be examined in isolation and concluding that converging operations are required to isolate the structure-process pair that can explain a particular finding. The distinction between structure and process within the study of percepts, concepts and categories is considered in depth in this volume, with penetrating commentaries by fellow authors concluding each chapter. This interesting format achieves a broad coverage of the various aspects and implications of the structure-process distinction. It affords a salient indication of the diversity of positions as to the description and utility of distinguishing structures and processors. At the same time, it reveals that researchers specializing in areas of study ranging from simple structure and process involved in perceptual organization and texture to complex structure and process associated with reading graphs and chess expertise, do utilize such a distinction in similar ways. The analysis is organized into four major parts within the book: Early Visual Representation and Processing; Percepts, Concepts, Categories and Development; Categories, Concepts and Learning; and Higher-Order Representation and Processing.

    • Applications of Parallel Processing in Vision

      • 1st Edition
      • Volume 86
      • January 23, 1992
      • J.R. Brannan
      • English
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 0 8 0 8 6 7 4 0 3
      Considerable evidence exists that visual sensory information is analyzed simultaneously along two or more independent pathways. In the past two decades, researchers have extensively used the concept of parallel visual channels as a framework to direct their explorations of human vision. More recently, basic and clinical scientists have found such a dichotomy applicable to the way we organize our knowledge of visual development, higher order perception, and visual disorders, to name just a few. This volume attempts to provide a forum for gathering these different perspectives.

    • Geophysical Field Theory and Method, Part A

      • 1st Edition
      • Volume 49
      • July 20, 1992
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 0 1 2 4 1 5 7 4 4 6
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 0 8 0 9 5 9 9 2 4
      An essential book for all students and scientists in the field, Part A of Geophysical Field Theory and Method describes the physical and mathematical principles of geophysical methods, specifically the behavior of gravitational, electrical, and magnetic fields. The broader use of these methods underlines the far-reaching appeal of this book. Oil and mineral prospecting, solving groundwater and engineering problems, and well-logging are just some of the activities which involve geophysical methods. Parts B and C will be devoted to the theory of fields and applied to electromagnetic, seismic, nuclear, and geothermal methods.

    • Agricultural Futures and Options

      • 1st Edition
      • January 1, 1992
      • Richard Duncan
      • English
      • Hardback
        9 7 8 1 8 5 5 7 3 0 7 5 5
      • eBook
        9 7 8 1 7 8 2 4 2 0 0 3 3
      Agricultural futures and options has been written for the potential and actual users of agricultural futures markets but should also provide a useful introduction to the more academic students of the subject.Divided into three parts, the first examines the North American markets with chapters on Chicago, definitions, hedgers, commodity trading advisors, options, New York and the Winnipeg community.Part 2's study of the European markets looks at soft commodities and the London Fox, the London Grain Futures Market, meat futures, potato futures and soya bean meal futures.Investing and investor protection is the subject of part 3. Guidelines are provided for opening and servicing an account and a further chapter deals with regulation.

    • Handbook of Mental Health and Aging

      • 2nd Edition
      • January 21, 1992
      • James E. Birren + 6 more
      • English
      • eBook
        9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 8 8 1 4 7
      This book is a thorough revision of one of the most comprehensive reference volumes for persons working in the area of aging and mental health. The thrust of the work is interdisciplinary, and discusses research on both clinical and practical issues in aging and mental health.

    • Cosmetic and Toiletry Formulations Volume 2

      • 1st Edition
      • December 31, 1992
      • Ernest W. Flick
      • English
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 8 1 5 5 1 6 6 9 9
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 0 8 0 9 4 5 6 2 0
      Cosmetic and Toiletry Formulations, Second Edition, Volume 2, contains more than 1,900 cosmetic and toiletry formulations, based on information received from numerous industrial companies and other organizations. The data represent selections from manufacturers' descriptions made at no cost to, nor influence from, the makers or distributors of these materials. All of the trademarked raw materials listed are believed to be available, which will be of interest to readers concerned with raw material discontinuances. Each formulation in the book is identified by a description of end use. The formulations include the following as available, in the manufacturer's own words: a listing of each raw material contained; the percent by weight of each raw material; suggested formulation procedure; and the formula source, which is the company or organization that supplied the formula.

    • Intelligence

      • 2nd Edition
      • March 20, 1992
      • Nathan Brody
      • English
      • Hardback
        9 7 8 0 1 2 1 3 4 2 5 1 7
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 1 4 9 3 3 0 0 1 8 1
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 0 8 0 9 1 7 0 5 4
      This is the Second Edition of Nathan Brody's popular book Intelligence, originally published in 1976. It presents a comprehensive review of contemporary research in this field, including coverage of such controversial topics as the genetic and environmental influences on IQ and individual and group differences in intelligence. The book also discusses both the psychometric and cognitive approaches to intelligence as well as new theories in the field.

    • Language Processing in Chinese

      • 1st Edition
      • Volume 90
      • May 25, 1992
      • Hsuan Chih Chen + 1 more
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 0 4 4 4 5 5 8 4 9 7
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 0 8 0 8 6 7 4 4 1
      The aim of this book is to integrate the most recent research in the cognitive aspects of the Chinese language into a single academic reference for those interested in language processing and related fields. Chinese is perhaps the most widely used language in the world. In addition to its popularity, many specific features make it unique in relation to many Indo-European languages. Chinese words generally do not have inflections indicating grammatical attributes such as number, gender and case for nouns, or tense and aspect for verbs. Chinese words have no inherently marked lexical categories. Unlike the alphabetic symbols common to Indo-European languages, the Chinese writing system is logographic in nature. Chinese script/speech relationship is highly opaque, with the Chinese characters representing lexical morphemes in contrast to alphabetic symbols which represent phonemes. This volume presents research findings indispensable to the general understanding of human language processing about how people process the Chinese language.

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