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Books in Social sciences and humanities

Lay Theories
Everyday Understanding of Problems in the Social Sciences
1st Edition
Volume 17
Michael Argyle
English
Lay theories - the informal, common-sense explanations people give for particular social behaviours - are often very different from formal 'scientific' explanations of what actually happens. While they have been studied in the past, this is the first attempt to review, in detail, the nature of these beliefs. More specifically, it is the first study to consider such fundamental questions as the structure, aetiology, stability and consequence of lay theories about a range of topics. Each chapter covers a different area, such as psychology, psychiatry, medicine, economics, statistics, law and education.
Studies on the Conceptual Foundations
The Original Background Papers for Goals for Mankind
1st Edition
Ervin Laszlo + 1 more
English
Goals in a Global Community: The Original Background Papers for Goals for Mankind: A Report to the Club of Rome expounds on the idea of a global community by analyzing the human predicament in terms of the diverse images of possibility that drive our differing national and social behaviors. More specifically, it asks whether humanity can create a global community with apparently conflicting, and yet so fundamentally similar, goals. This volume is comprised of 12 chapters and opens with a discussion on long-term trends and the evolution of complexity, suggesting that socioeconomic systems may be more effectively understood in light of dissipative systems. The following chapters explore the historical evolution of mankind's inner and outer dimensions; how to make sustainable economic growth a global possibility; the possibilities of changing motivation as well as finding motivation to change; and why social motives are the strongest driving forces behind change of goals for the global community. The book also proposes solar energy as a permanent clean source of abundant energy in a fully ordered and economically feasible global transition. The final section argues that the Club of Rome must continue to risk advocacy and recognize that human values are a fact of human existence. This monograph will be a useful resource for sociologists, social scientists, and psychologists.
Physiology of Man in Space
1st Edition
J. H. U. Brown
English
Physiology of Man in Space describes the physiological responses of man under the extremes of space flight. This book is composed of eight chapters that specifically examine the physiological responses of astronaut under zero gravity conditions. The introductory chapter demonstrates how human neuromuscular system can withstand the stresses of short-term space travel. The succeeding chapters describe human responses under space acceleration stress. These topics are followed by discussions on human stress tolerance capacity; psychological aspects of space flight; instrumentation in biomedical capsules in space flight; and the phenomenon of space weightlessness. The final chapter deals with the impact of the environment on the man and the impact that the man has on the environment, including environmental, metabolic, and waste removal parameters. This book is of value to space scientists and researchers.
Depression and Its Treatment
1st Edition
John Pollitt
English
Depression and its Treatment focuses on medical interventions in the diagnosis and treatment of depression, as well as identification of symptoms and possible mechanisms of treatment. The book first offers information on the concept and classification of depression, physiology and psychopathology, and clinical types of depression, including classification of depressive illnesses and etiology. The publication then takes a look at the treatment of psychological and physiological depression and complications of depression and their treatment. The text ponders on the prognosis of psychological and physiological depression and critique of existing terminology, as well as illustrative case histories of depression. The manuscript is highly recommended for clinicians and psychiatrists wanting to explore the approaches in the treatment of depression.
Official Publishing
An Overview
1st Edition
J. J. Cherns
John E. Pemberton
English
Official Publishing: An Overview is an international survey and review of the role, organization, and principles of official publishing. More specifically, it examines the organization, development, and effectiveness, including the economics, of state publishing as a means of communication between government and public, together with its relationship to the wider field of official information and communication activities. It also makes a broad comparison of the organization of publishing in the United Nations and its main agencies as well as some non-UN international organizations, particularly the European Communities and the OECD. Comprised of 32 chapters, this book opens with an introduction to the scope and importance of official publishing, followed by a discussion on official publishing in various countries such as Australia, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Germany, and India as well as Hong Kong, Indonesia, Israel, Italy, Norway, Britain, and the United States. Official publishing in international organizations such as the United Nations, World Bank, OECD, NATO, and the European Communities is also considered. Subsequent chapters focus on various aspects of official information, including growth, framework, machinery, objectivity, accessibility, finance and economics, and control. The book also describes information centers and specialist entrepreneurs before concluding with an assessment of future prospects for official publishing. This monograph will be a useful resource for librarians, bibliographers, researchers, students, and other major users of the end-products of official publishing.
Role Theory
Expectations, Identities, and Behaviors
1st Edition
Bruce J. Biddle
English
Role Theory: Expectations, Identities, and Behaviors presents the applications of role concepts for education, social work, and clinical practice. This book examines the advantages as well as the shortcomings of the role stance. Organized into nine chapters, this book begins with an overview of behaviors that are characteristics of persons within contexts and the various processes that are employed to explain and predict those behaviors. This text then examines the concepts of the role field and discovers their applications to social problems of pressing concern. Other chapters consider the empirical evidence that has been developed within the role orientation concerning social problems. This book discusses as well the behavioral comparability, behavior linkage, behavioral effects, and complex linking concepts for behaviors. The final chapter discusses how contexts may affect the behaviors of persons and how those behaviors may have subsequent functions. This book is a valuable resource for anthropologists, sociologists, and social psychologists.
Cultures in Contact
Studies in Cross-Cultural Interaction
1st Edition
Stephen Bochner
English
Cultures in Contact: Studies in Cross-Cultural Interaction provides an in-depth analysis of the processes that takes place in cross-cultural interaction. The title covers the outcomes of cross-cultural interaction along with the effect of such interaction to individuals involved. The text first details the social psychology of cross-cultural relations, and then proceeds to discussing the historical account of the development of research that tackles cross-cultural contact. Next, the selection deals with the processes that took place when individuals with different cultural background interact. The last part of the text tackles the implications of cross-cultural impact. The book will be of great use to psychologists. Sociologists and anthropologists will also benefit from the text.
Psychology of the Americas
Mestizo Perspectives on Personality and Mental Health
1st Edition
Manuel Ramirez
Arnold P. Goldstein
English
Psychology of the Americas: Mestizo Perspectives on Personality and Mental Health presents the framework for a personality psychology and psychiatry of the Americas. This framework is based on the mestizo world view, a perspective that emerged from sociopolitical events which are unique to the development of many of the nations of the Americas. The word "mestizo" refers to the synthesis of native American and European people, cultures, and life styles. This book is divided into nine chapters and starts with a discussion of the concepts and principles of developmental, personality, community, and clinical psychology/psychiatr... which are reflected in the cultures of the indigenous peoples of North and South America, as well as the Caribbean. Considerable chapters offer some models that are based on the paradigms of diversity and synthesis, specifically a values/belief systems-cognitive styles framework based on research that has explored the relationship between traditionalism-moder... and cognitive styles. The specific models focus on individual development of pluralistic identities, the mental health of families coping with acculturation stress, person-environment fit of migrating individuals who are mismatched with institutions and agencies of the community, and on intergroup and international relations in situations of conflict. The remaining chapters deal with the tenets and assumptions of a psychology and psychiatry, including theories and approaches which differ in many respects from the European world view-based personality psychology and psychiatry of the past. This book is of value to psychologists, psychiatrists, researchers, and students.
The Encyclopædia of Sexual Behaviour
Volume 2
1st Edition
Albert Ellis + 1 more
English
The Encyclopædia of Sexual Behaviour, Volume Two is an encyclopedia of sexual behavior and covers topics ranging from the linguistic aspects of sex to sex life in Latin America, sex in the literature, and sexual love. Laws on marriage and family and on sex crimes are also discussed, along with sexual perversions and the art of loving. Comprised of 52 chapters, this volume first deals with Judaism's attitudes and teachings on sex, particularly with regard to the sexuality of women, nudity, and prostitution. The reader is then introduced to the connection between language and sex; sex life in regions such as Latin American, the Orient, and the Soviet Union; and the portrayal of sex in literature. Subsequent chapters explore sexual love as opposed to altruistic love; marriage and family living; menopause and the menstrual cycle; movement and feeling in sex; the interrelationship of music and sex; and the effects of nutrition and health on sexuality. Other chapters focus on phallicism and sexual symbolism; planned parenthood around the world; the psychology of pornography; human reproduction; and sex in relation to race and Protestantism. This book will be of interest to psychologists and psychiatrists.
Emotional Disorders in Children and Adolescents
Medical and Psychological Approaches to Treatment
1st Edition
G. Pirooz Sholevar + 2 more
English
Emotional Disorders in Children and Adolescents states that individual psychotherapy is a nonspecific label. It is done when two people interact in a prolonged series of emotionally charged encounters, with the purpose of changing the behavior of the dyad. The motives and dynamics of individual psychotherapy are explained in detail as well as the history of the approach. The book discussed the concept of child psychoanalysis. This section includes its historical background, the similarities and differences between child and adult psychoanalysis, the age of the child that should be treated and frequency of treatment. The text also covers some techniques in the application of psychoanalysis. A broad section of the volume is focused on the modification of the child’s behavior as a type of treatment. This chapter is followed by a section on the behavioral approaches in adolescent psychiatry. The book will provide useful information to psychologist, psychiatrist, behavioral specialist, students and researchers in the field of psychology.

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