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Books in Social sciences and humanities

  • Theory of Technical Change and Economic Invariance

    Application of Lie Groups
    • 1st Edition
    • Ryuzo Sato
    • Karl Shell
    • English
    Theory of Technical Change and Economic Invariance: Application of Lie Groups presents the economic invariance problems observable behavior under general transformations such as taste change or technical change. This book covers a variety of topics in economic theory, ranging from the analysis of production functions to the general recoverability problem of optimal dynamic behavior. Organized into nine chapters, this book begins with an overview of the theory of observable behavior by analyzing the invariant relationships among economic variables. This text then examines the Lie group theory which provides one of the most efficient methods of studying invariance properties. Other chapters consider the analysis of exogenous technical change, a process partly due to dynamic market forces of supply and demand. This book discusses as well the topics closely related to parametric changes under Lie groups and related transformations. The final chapter deals with mathematical foundations of the theory of observable market behavior. This book is a valuable resource for economists.

  • Schools, Classrooms, and Pupils

    International Studies of Schooling from a Multilevel Perspective
    • 1st Edition
    • Stephen W. Raudenbush + 1 more
    • English
    Schools, Classrooms, and Pupils: International Studies of Schooling from a Multilevel Perspective examines "multilevel" or "hierarchical" linear models of research on schooling and the statistical and computational issues that arise in applying them. Some of the likely benefits of using multilevel methods to study schools and classrooms are also discussed, including the increased credibility of the statistical findings. Comprised of 15 chapters, this book begins by considering how the explicit modeling of the organizational structure of schooling creates new opportunities for research. After presenting a basic guide to the techniques of multilevel modeling, the effect of school, class, and individual variables on science achievement in Israeli elementary schools is analyzed using a two-level hierarchical model, with emphasis on reform in the science curriculum which began in the early 1970s. Subsequent chapters focus on the use of multilevel models to link educational progress with curriculum coverage; trends in attainment in Scottish secondary schools; the technical and vocational education initiative in Britain; and sex discrimination in teachers' salary. This monograph should be of considerable interest to students, teachers, school administrators, researchers, and educational policymakers.

  • Mathematics for Stability and Optimization of Economic Systems

    • 1st Edition
    • Yasuo Murata
    • Karl Shell
    • English
    Economic Theory and Mathematical Economics: Mathematics for Stability and Optimization of Economic Systems provides information pertinent to the stability aspects and optimization methods relevant to various economic systems. This book presents relevant mathematical theorems sufficient to develop important economic systems, including Leontief input–output systems, Keynesian dynamic models, the Ramsey optimal accumulation systems, and von Neumann expanding economic systems. Organized into two parts encompassing nine chapters, this book begins with an overview of useful theorems on matrices, eigenvalue problems, and matrices with dominant diagonals and P-matrices. This text then explores the linear transformations on vector spaces. Other chapters consider the Hawkins–Simon theorem concerning non-negative linear systems. This book discusses as well the dual linear relations and optimization methods applicable to inequality economic systems. The final chapter deals with powerful optimal control method for dynamical systems. This book is a valuable resource for mathematicians, economists, research workers, and graduate students.

  • Cognitive Development of Children and Youth

    A Longitudinal Study
    • 1st Edition
    • Herbert J. Klausmeier + 1 more
    • Allen J. Edwards
    • English
    Cognitive Development of Children and Youth: A Longitudinal Study presents a theory of cognitive development, including descriptive information and conclusions based on a longitudinal study. This book discusses the mental operations in concept learning, results pertaining to comparisons between control groups and longitudinal blocks, and operations involving meaningful reception learning at the formal level. The conditions of learning and memory requirements, linguistic-relativit... hypothesis, invariant sequencing, and rate and form of cognitive development across the school years are also elaborated. This text likewise covers the conditions contributing to rapid and slow cognitive development, longitudinal intervention study, and differences among concepts in age of attainment. This publication is intended for individuals who are interested in the cognitive development of children and youth, as well as upper-division and graduate students in psychology, educational psychology, and education.

  • Production Sets

    • 1st Edition
    • Murray C. Kemp
    • English
    Production Sets is a 12-chapter text that provides a comprehensive account of the properties of production sets. After a brief history of the analysis of production set possibilities, this book goes on examining the flatness of the transformation surface and the properties of production set possibilities with pure intermediate products. The succeeding chapters cover the shape aspects of production sets and the nonsubstitution over the production-possibili... frontier. These topics are followed by discussions of some implications of variable returns to scale, specifically the relation between output responses and the shape of the locus of production possibilities. The final chapters explore the production-possibili... set with public intermediate goods and the scale effect of public goods on production-possibili... sets. These chapters also look into the properties of the per capita production set in the two-sector model of economic growth. This book will prove useful to economists, teachers, and students.

  • The Social Structure of Right and Wrong

    • 1st Edition
    • Donald Black
    • English
    The Social Structure of Right and Wrong focuses on formulations that predict and explain the nature of social control throughout the world and across history. The publication first offers information on social control as a dependent variable, crime as a social control, and compensation and the social structure of misfortune. Discussions focus on the theory of compensation, traditional self-help, concept of social control, varieties of normative behavior, models of social control, and quantity of normative variation. The text then elaborates on social control of the self and elementary forms of conflict management. The manuscript takes a look at the theory of third party and on taking sides, including legal, latent, and slow partisanship, social gravitation, models of partisanship, settlement roles, partisanship in tribal societies, and typology of third parties. The text then examines the factors involved in making enemies, as well as social repulsion, moral evolution, and third-party and unilateral moralism. The publication is a dependable source of data for sociologists and researchers interested in the social structure of right and wrong.

  • Research on Exemplary Schools

    • 1st Edition
    • Gilbert R. Austin + 1 more
    • English
    Research on Exemplary Schools covers significant research works on effective school learning, with particular emphasis on identifying and analyzing a student's abilities and characteristics on the assumption that student learning was primarily determined by differences in individual potential and needs. The information provided is derived from the assumption that the characteristics of the school learning environment may explain the extent to which students master the outcomes desired from the school teaching-learning experience. This text is organized into three parts encompassing 10 chapters. Part I reviews the history of the exemplary schools research movements and the research findings, as well as policy implications concerning the relationships between private and public schools education, both Catholic and nonsectarian. Part II describes the methods for identifying exemplary schools, school climate, and the roles of the teacher and the school principal. Part III describes the policy issues emerging from effective schools research. This part also provide some critical thoughts on the movement from the perspective of an educational psychologist whose specialties are educational measurement and instructional design. This book will prove useful to researchers and practitioners who wish to improve the outcomes of all students in their schools.

  • NIH: An Account of Research in Its Laboratories and Clinics

    • 1st Edition
    • DeWitt Stetten
    • English
    NIH: An Account of Research in Its Laboratories and Clinics contains collected accounts of the Intramural Research Program, as they happened in the laboratories and clinics, in various installations of the National Institutes of Health across the U.S.A. One paper discusses the etiology of schizophrenia which notes that, based on evidence and expanded adoption studies by Ketty, Rosenthal, and Wender, genetic factors actually contribute to the development of the disease. In developing countries, schizophrenia follows a more benign course. Some papers describe bacteriology, mycology, viral hepatitis, basic immunology, clinical immunology, and the development of enzymology. Researchers studying proteins elucidate on the synthesis and folding of protein chains, protein conformation and dynamics, the semisynthesis and protein function, as well as on sequence analysis and collagen research. Other papers describe the breaking of the genetic code, the progress made from the genetic code to beta thalassemia, to investigations of genetic diseases (such as galactosemia, gout, Lesch-Nyhan disease, mucopolysaccharide storage disease, and sickle cell disease). One paper notes the contribution of the intramural clinical research program of the National Cancer Institute to cancer therapy with emphasis in cancer chemotherapy. Professors in pharmacology, practitioners of general medicine, specialists or researchers dealing with microchemistry, toxicology, drug therapy, or oncology will find the collection valuable.

  • Kingsmill Plantations, 1619—1800

    Archaeology of Country Life in Colonial Virginia
    • 1st Edition
    • William M. Kelso
    • English
    Kingsmill Plantations, 1619-1800: Archaeology of Country Life in Colonial Virginia covers the historical and archaeological aspects, along with reconstruction attempt of a typical setting of seven plantation sites at Kingmill, near Williambsburg, Virginia. This book contains five chapters that focus on the settlement and development of Kingsmill’s homesteads and estates. Other chapters provide the names and personalities for the plantation sites at Kingmill. Considerable archaeological findings concerning the sites’ manor, tenements, mansions, houses, quarters, and outbuildings are discussed. The remaining chapters deal with the evaluation of the sites’ gardens, wells, waste, pots, bones, and status. This book is intended primarily for architectural historians, archaeologists, and anthropologists.

  • Migration and Economic Growth in the United States

    National, Regional, and Metropolitan Perspectives
    • 1st Edition
    • Michael J. Greenwood
    • Edwin S. Mills
    • English
    Migration and Economic Growth in the United States: National, Regional, and Metropolitan Perspectives describes the post-World-War-II behavior of selected variables that explains the evolution of urban size and composition in the United States. This book is organized into nine chapters. Chapter 1 provides a brief historical overview of the urbanization process in the United States. In Chapters 2 and 3, certain national forces that shape the spatial distribution of population and economic activity during the postwar period are deliberated. Chapters 4 and 5 elaborate the behavior of the central cities and suburban rings of 62 major metropolitan areas. A model of metropolitan growth is dealt with in Chapter 6, followed by an evaluation of estimates of the model from 1950 to 1970 in Chapter 7. Chapter 8 covers a model of intrametropolitan location of employment, housing, and labor force. The last chapter elaborates the employment policy implications of population redistribution in the United States. This publication is beneficial to economists and specialists concerned with migration and economic growth in the United States.

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