Books in Social sciences and humanities

Bones

1st Edition
May 10, 2014
Lewis R. Binford
English
eBook
9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 1 3 9 5 8

Bones: Ancient Men and Modern Myths focuses on bone structures and characteristics, including bone modifications, breakage, processing, and destruction by animals. The publication first elaborates on the transitions to relics to artifacts and monuments to assemblages and middle-range research and the role of actualistic studies, including artifact and assemblage phase and relic and monument phase. The text then takes a look at the patterns of bone modifications produced by nonhuman agents and human modes of bone modification. Discussions focus on breakage related to other forms of bone processing, morphology of bone breakage, chopping and bone breakage as butchering techniques, butchering marks, bone breakage and destruction by animals, tooth marks, and previous approaches to understanding the significance of broken and modified bone. The manuscript ponders on patterns of association stemming from the behavior of man versus that of beast, as well as control collections of animal-structured assemblages; information on kill behavior and comparisons; observations of wolves and their behavior; and studies of assemblage composition caused by beasts. The publication is a valuable source of information for researchers interested in bone structure and modifications.

The Social Structure of Right and Wrong

1st Edition
May 10, 2014
Donald Black
English
eBook
9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 6 0 6 4 8

The Social Structure of Right and Wrong focuses on formulations that predict and explain the nature of social control throughout the world and across history. The publication first offers information on social control as a dependent variable, crime as a social control, and compensation and the social structure of misfortune. Discussions focus on the theory of compensation, traditional self-help, concept of social control, varieties of normative behavior, models of social control, and quantity of normative variation. The text then elaborates on social control of the self and elementary forms of conflict management. The manuscript takes a look at the theory of third party and on taking sides, including legal, latent, and slow partisanship, social gravitation, models of partisanship, settlement roles, partisanship in tribal societies, and typology of third parties. The text then examines the factors involved in making enemies, as well as social repulsion, moral evolution, and third-party and unilateral moralism. The publication is a dependable source of data for sociologists and researchers interested in the social structure of right and wrong.

Toward a General Theory of Social Control

1st Edition
May 10, 2014
Donald Black
English
eBook
9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 6 7 0 2 9

Studies on Law and Social Control: Toward a General Theory of Social Control, Volume 1: Fundamentals focuses on the dynamics, practices, and mechanisms involved in social control. The selection first underscores social control as a dependent variable and division of labor in social control. Discussions focus on the explanation of division of social control labor; concept of division of social control labor; conceptions of the relationship between law and social control; quantity of normative behavior; and concept of social control. The text then takes a look at the stage of disputing to complaining, liability and social structure, and social organization of vengeance. Topics include revenge among inmates, contingency of vengeance, design of vengeance, liability and conflict management, idiom of liability in stateless societies, and complaining and the direction of law. The publication ponders on the variability of punishment, compensation in cross-cultural perspective, therapy and social solidarity, logic of mediation, and gossips and scandals. Concerns include role of gossip in small-scale societies, therapeutic social control in individualistic groups and tribal societies, social organization of compensation, and existing theories of punishment. The selection is a vital source of data for sociologists and researchers interested in the fundamentals of social control.

Law and Economics of Vertical Integration and Control

1st Edition
May 10, 2014
Roger D. Blair + 1 more
English
eBook
9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 6 1 0 9 6

Law and Economics of Vertical Integration and Control focuses on the processes, methodologies, and approaches involved in the law and economics of vertical integration and control. The publication first elaborates on transaction costs, fixed proportions and contractual alternatives, and variable proportions and contractual alternatives. Discussions focus on sales revenue royalties, ownership integration, output royalties, important product-specific services, successive monopoly, advantages and limitations of internal transfers, and transaction cost determinants. The text then examines vertical integration under uncertainty and vertical integration without contractual alternatives. The book ponders on legal treatment of ownership integration and per se illegal contractual controls. Topics include tying arrangements, public policy assessment, resale price maintenance, vertical integration and the Sherman Act, market foreclosure doctrine, and the 1982 Merger Guidelines. The text also takes a look at contractual controls that are not illegal per se, alternative legal rules, and antitrust policy. The publication is a dependable reference for researchers interested in the law and economics of vertical integration and control.

Sociocultural Dimensions of Language Change

1st Edition
May 10, 2014
Ben G. Blount + 1 more
English
eBook
9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 7 7 6 5 3

Sociocultural Dimensions of Language Change focuses on the influence of sociocultural terms on the forms of languages. The selection first underscores the sociocultural dimensions of language change and language evolution and speech style. Discussions focus on the relation of speech style and language evolution, linguistic evidence of language evolution, autonomy of code and style, language contact phenomena, and extension of the concept of language. The book then takes a look at speech and social prestige in the Belizian speech community; Japanese numeral classifiers; and speculations on the growth of ethnobotanical nomenclature. Topics include appearance of varietal names, differentiation and formation of specific names, six universal categories of ethnobotanical nomenclature, salience of speech, and prestige, social success, and language. The publication elaborates on color categorization in West Futunese; creolization and syntactic change in New Guinea Tok Pisin; relexification processes in Philippine Creole Spanish; and the historical and sociocultural aspects of the distribution of linguistic variants in highland Chiapas, Mexico. The selection is a valuable source of data for language experts and researchers interested in the sociocultural dimensions of language change.

Foundations of Decision Support Systems

1st Edition
May 10, 2014
Robert H. Bonczek + 2 more
J. William Schmidt
English
eBook
9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 6 8 7 2 9

Foundations of Decision Support Systems focuses on the frameworks, strategies, and techniques involved in decision support systems (DSS). The publication first takes a look at information processing, decision making, and decision support; frameworks for organizational information processing and decision making; and representative decision support systems. Discussions focus on classification scheme for DSS, abilities required for decision making, division of information-processi... labor within an organization, and decision support. The text then elaborates on ideas in decision support, formalizations of purposive systems, and conceptual and operational constructs for building a data base knowledge system. The book takes a look at building a data base knowledge system, language systems for data base knowledge systems, and problem-processing systems for data base knowledge systems. Topics include problem processors for computationally oriented DSS, major varieties of logical data structures, and indirect associations among concepts. The manuscript also examines operationalizing modeling knowledge in terms of predicate calculus; combining the data base and formal logic approaches; and the language and knowledge systems of a DSS based on formal logic. The publication is a valuable reference for researchers interested in decision support systems.

Formal Language Theory

1st Edition
May 10, 2014
Ronald V. Book
English
eBook
9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 6 7 5 0 0

Formal Language Theory: Perspectives and Open Problems focuses on the trends and major open problems on the formal language theory. The selection first ponders on the methods for specifying families of formal languages, open problems about regular languages, and generators of cones and cylinders. Discussions focus on cylinders of algebraic languages, cone of algebraic languages, regularity of noncounting classes, group complexity, specification formalism, and grammars. The publication then elaborates on very small families of algebraic nonrational languages and formal languages and their relation to automata. The book tackles morphisms on free monoids and language theory, homomorphisms, and survey of results and open problems in the mathematical theory of L systems. Topics include single finite substitutions iterated, single homomorphisms iterated, representation of language families, homomorphism equivalence on a language, and problems about infinite words. The selection is a valuable source of data for researchers interested in the formal language theory.

Economics and Human Welfare

1st Edition
May 10, 2014
Michael J. Boskin
English
eBook
9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 6 1 0 0 3

Economic Theory, Econometrics, and Mathematical Economics: Economics and Human Welfare: Essays in Honor of Tibor Scitovsky focuses on the principles, influence, and contributions of Tibor Scitovsky on economics. The selection first elaborates on welfare economics and microeconomic theory, property rights doctrine and demand revelation under incomplete information, and experiments in the pricing of theater tickets. Discussions focus on the effect on audience composition, volume, and revenues, failure of bargaining under privacy, growing disenchantment with economic growth, and bargaining as a game of incomplete information. The text then takes a look at economics and the transformation of the idea of progress and changes in the size distribution of income. The text ponders on welfare criteria, distribution, and cost- benefit analysis; position of ethics in the theory of production; and rationing and price as methods of restricting demand for specific products. Topics include excise taxation with revenue distributed like rations; private and social returns to morality; effect of changes in the cost of organization and communication; and logical and historical foundation of the theory of the welfare state. The selection is highly recommended for economists and researchers interested in pursuing studies on the relationship of economics and human welfare.

Nonhuman Primates and Medical Research

1st Edition
May 10, 2014
Geoffrey H. Bourne
English
eBook
9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 5 8 0 4 1

Nonhuman Primates and Medical Research focuses on the contributions of nonhuman primates to biomedical research. The selection first elaborates on monkeys and yellow fever, cell cultures, and tuberculosis and bacterial infection. Discussions focus on bacterial diseases, tuberculosis, radiobiology, antibody formation and pharmacologic studies, cell-culture media and methods, the rhesus monkey and early history of yellow fever research, and monkeys and yellow fever in the future. The text then elaborates on virus research, models for investigation in parasitology, and primates as organ donors in transplantation studies in man. The manuscript examines the importance of monkeys for the study of malignant tumors in man; use of primates in cardiovascular research; and humanlike diseases in anthropoid apes. Topics include etiology of humanlike disease in anthropoid apes, atherosclerosis, historical aspects of primate research, selection of a suitable primate, and preeclampsia. The text also ponders on primate studies and human evolution and mental retardation. The selection is a valuable reference for researchers interested in the contributions of nonhuman primates to biomedical research.

Depth Perception Through Motion

1st Edition
May 10, 2014
Myron L. Braunstein
Edward C. Carterette + 1 more
English
eBook
9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 7 6 5 7 1

Series in Cognition and Perception: Depth Perception Through Motion focuses on the processes, methodologies, and techniques involved in depth perception through motion, including optic array, rigid motions, illusions, and axis. The book first elaborates on the paradox of depth perception, illusions of motion in depth, and optic array. Discussions focus on rigid motions in three-dimensional space, perspective gradients, projection plane, stereokinetic effect, rotating trapezoid, and the windmill and fan illusions. The text then examines transformations leading to the perception of depth, slant perception, and perceived direction of rotary motion. Topics include shadow and computer projections, direct observation of rotating figures, a model of the perception of rotary motion, dynamic slant and static slant perception, translations along the Z axis, and rotations about the X or Y axis. The publication is intended for researchers and graduate students interested in depth perception in dynamic environments.

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