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Books in Physical sciences and engineering

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    • Meta-Learning

      • 1st Edition
      • November 5, 2022
      • Lan Zou
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 0 3 2 3 8 9 9 3 1 4
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 3 2 3 9 0 3 7 0 7
      Deep neural networks (DNNs) with their dense and complex algorithms provide real possibilities for Artificial General Intelligence (AGI). Meta-learning with DNNs brings AGI much closer: artificial agents solving intelligent tasks that human beings can achieve, even transcending what they can achieve. Meta-Learning: Theory, Algorithms and Applications shows how meta-learning in combination with DNNs advances towards AGI. Meta-Learning: Theory, Algorithms and Applications explains the fundamentals of meta-learning by providing answers to these questions: What is meta-learning?; why do we need meta-learning?; how are self-improved meta-learning mechanisms heading for AGI ?; how can we use meta-learning in our approach to specific scenarios? The book presents the background of seven mainstream paradigms: meta-learning, few-shot learning, deep learning, transfer learning, machine learning, probabilistic modeling, and Bayesian inference. It then explains important state-of-the-art mechanisms and their variants for meta-learning, including memory-augmented neural networks, meta-networks, convolutional Siamese neural networks, matching networks, prototypical networks, relation networks, LSTM meta-learning, model-agnostic meta-learning, and the Reptile algorithm. The book takes a deep dive into nearly 200 state-of-the-art meta-learning algorithms from top tier conferences (e.g. NeurIPS, ICML, CVPR, ACL, ICLR, KDD). It systematically investigates 39 categories of tasks from 11 real-world application fields: Computer Vision, Natural Language Processing, Meta-Reinforcement Learning, Healthcare, Finance and Economy, Construction Materials, Graphic Neural Networks, Program Synthesis, Smart City, Recommended Systems, and Climate Science. Each application field concludes by looking at future trends or by giving a summary of available resources. Meta-Learning: Theory, Algorithms and Applications is a great resource to understand the principles of meta-learning and to learn state-of-the-art meta-learning algorithms, giving the student, researcher and industry professional the ability to apply meta-learning for various novel applications.

    • Biomass-Derived Materials for Environmental Applications

      • 1st Edition
      • May 20, 2022
      • Ioannis Anastopoulos + 3 more
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 0 3 2 3 9 1 9 1 4 2
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 3 2 3 9 1 3 9 4 2
      Biomass-Derived Materials for Environmental Applications presents state-of-the-art coverage of bio-based materials that can be applied to address the growing global concern of pollutant discharge in the environment. The book examines the production, characterization and application of bio-based materials for remediation. Organized clearly by type of material, the book includes details on lignocellulosic materials, natural clays, carbonaceous materials, composites and advanced materials from natural origins. Readers will find an interdisciplinary and practical examination of these materials and their use in environmental remediation that will be valuable to environmental scientists, materials scientists, environmental chemists, and environmental engineers alike.

    • The Beginnings of Electron Microscopy - Part 2

      • 1st Edition
      • Volume 221
      • April 26, 2022
      • Peter W. Hawkes + 1 more
      • English
      • Hardback
        9 7 8 0 3 2 3 9 8 9 1 9 0
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 3 2 3 9 8 9 2 0 6
      The Beginnings of Electron Microscopy - Part 2, Volume 221 in the Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on Recollections from the Early Years: Canada-USA, My Recollection of the Early History of Our Work on Electron Optics and the Electron Microscope, Walter Hoppe (1917–1986), Reminiscences of the Development of Electron Optics and Electron Microscope Instrumentation in Japan, Early Electron Microscopy in The Netherlands, L. L. Marton, 1901-1979, The Invention of the Electron Fresnel Interference Biprism, The Development of the Scanning Electron Microscope, and much more.

    • Treatise on Geomorphology

      • 2nd Edition
      • March 1, 2022
      • John F. Shroder
      • English
      Treatise on Geomorphology, Second Edition, Eleven Volume Set is organized into eleven volumes built on the outstanding success of the first edition. This comprehensive introduction to the large and diverse discipline of geomorphology provides a key reference tool for undergraduate geology students looking for term paper topics, graduate students starting a literature review for their thesis work, and for professionals seeking a concise summary of a particular topic. The tools available to understand geomorphology have greatly advanced in recent years, hence this new release will complement the work of a variety of professionals who are interested in topics such as GIScience, Remote Sensing and Karst.

    • Tactile Sensing, Skill Learning, and Robotic Dexterous Manipulation

      • 1st Edition
      • April 2, 2022
      • Qiang Li + 4 more
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 0 3 2 3 9 0 4 4 5 2
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 3 2 3 9 0 4 1 7 9
      Tactile Sensing, Skill Learning and Robotic Dexterous Manipulation focuses on cross-disciplinary lines of research and groundbreaking research ideas in three research lines: tactile sensing, skill learning and dexterous control. The book introduces recent work about human dexterous skill representation and learning, along with discussions of tactile sensing and its applications on unknown objects’ property recognition and reconstruction. Sections also introduce the adaptive control schema and its learning by imitation and exploration. Other chapters describe the fundamental part of relevant research, paying attention to the connection among different fields and showing the state-of-the-art in related branches. The book summarizes the different approaches and discusses the pros and cons of each. Chapters not only describe the research but also include basic knowledge that can help readers understand the proposed work, making it an excellent resource for researchers and professionals who work in the robotics industry, haptics and in machine learning.

    • Hydrodynamic Lubrication of Non-Newtonian Fluids

      • 1st Edition
      • September 10, 2022
      • Ping Huang + 1 more
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 0 3 2 3 9 9 4 7 7 4
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 3 2 3 9 5 8 4 4 8
      Hydrodynamic Lubrication of Non-Newtonian Fluids covers basic theory, lubrication failure and numerical methods and procedures. The title offers a feasible method for solving the hydrodynamic lubrication problem for non-Newtonian fluids. Whereas hydrodynamic lubrication in Newtonian fluids can be solved using the existing Reynolds equation, hydrodynamic lubrication in non-Newtonian fluid is much more difficult to solve because the non-Newtonian constitutive equation is nonlinear. Engineers and technicians working on non-Newtonian fluid lubrication calculation and analysis will find this to be an invaluable reference on the latest thinking on hydrodynamic lubrication. This book presents a unified solution to hydrodynamic lubrication in non-Newtonian fluids, proposing a flow separation method. In addition, the title gives methods and insights into viscosity in non-Newtonian fluids, the lubrication failure mechanism and fluid lubrication mechanism carrying capacity.

    • 60 Years of the Loeb-Sourirajan Membrane

      • 1st Edition
      • April 2, 2022
      • Hui-Hsin Tseng + 3 more
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 0 3 2 3 8 9 9 7 7 2
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 3 2 3 8 8 6 2 4 6
      60 Years of the Loeb-Sourirajan Membrane: Principles, New Materials, Modelling, Characterization and Applications bring forth theoretical advances, novel characterization techniques, materials development, advanced treatment processes, and emerging applications of membrane-based technologies. The trigger for writing this book is the 2020, 60th anniversary of the first asymmetric polymeric membrane invented by Dr. Sidney Loeb and Dr. Srinivasa Sourirajan (University of California, Los Angeles, USA) on the breakthrough discovery of the semipermeable membrane for seawater desalination. The book places emphasis on the advances of organic and inorganic membranes in different fields, covering not only the primary application of membranes for water and wastewater treatment but also other applications dealing with energy conversion and storage, organic solvent purification, gas separation, and biomedical processes.

    • Membrane Engineering in the Circular Economy

      • 1st Edition
      • April 12, 2022
      • Adolfo Iulianelli + 3 more
      • English
      Membrane Engineering in the Circular Economy: Renewable Sources Valorization in Energy and Downstream Processing in Agro-food Industry describes the modification of the general concept of "waste," including waste valorization as added-value products that are useful for energy production and biotechnology industries. Speaking to the relevance of this new vision, the book highlights the fundamentals of membrane operations in the exploitation of renewable sources for energy production and the valorization of agro-food waste at the industrial level. This book is an excellent resource for researchers, biologists, membranologists and engineers in chemistry, biochemical engineering, food sciences and the agro-food refinery industry.

    • Chemical Analysis for Forensic Evidence

      • 1st Edition
      • November 23, 2022
      • Arian van Asten
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 0 1 2 8 2 0 7 1 5 4
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 1 2 8 2 0 7 2 1 5
      Chemical Analysis for Forensic Evidence provides readers with the fundamental framework of forensic analytical chemistry, describing the entire process, from crime scene investigation to evidence sampling, laboratory analysis, quality aspects, and reporting and testifying in court. In doing so, important principles and aspects are demonstrated through the various forensic expertise areas in which analytical chemistry plays a key role, including illicit drugs, explosives, toxicology, fire debris analysis and microtraces such as gunshot residues, glass and fibers. This book illuminates the underlying practical framework that governs how analytical chemistry is used in practice by forensic experts to solve crime. Arian van Asten utilizes a hands-on approach with numerous questions, examples, exercises and illustrations to help solidify key concepts and teach them in an engaging way.

    • Metal Oxides and Related Solids for Electrocatalytic Water Splitting

      • 1st Edition
      • May 5, 2022
      • Junlei Qi
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 0 3 2 3 8 5 7 3 5 2
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 3 2 3 8 9 8 0 6 5
      Metal Oxides and Related Solids for Electrocatalytic Water Splitting reviews the fundamentals and strategies needed to design and fabricate metal oxide-based electrocatalysts. After an introduction to the key properties of transition metal oxides, materials engineering methods to optimize the performance of metal-oxide based electrocatalysts are discussed. Strategies reviewed include defect engineering, interface engineering and doping engineering. Other sections cover important categories of metal-oxide (and related solids) based catalysts, including layered hydroxides, metal chalcogenides, metal phosphides, metal nitrides, metal borides, and more. Each chapter introduces important properties and material design strategies, including composite and morphology design. There is also an emphasis on cost-effective materials design and fabrication for optimized performance for electrocatalytic water splitting applications. Lastly, the book touches on recently developed in-situ characterization methods applied to observe and control the material synthesis process.

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