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Elsevier Science

Asbestos in the Natural Environment
1st Edition
Volume 37
H. Schreier
English
Asbestos minerals have novel properties which make them highly desirable for industrial use. While the health hazards of asbestos have long been recognized and are well documented in the medical literature, ecological and environmental research involving asbestos fibers has only been undertaken in the past 25 years and the significant deleterious effects of asbestos materials on soil and plant ecology has been much less well publicised.This book examines non-occupational exposure and environmental effects of asbestos relating to animal and plant growth in the natural environment. Major nutrient imbalances and excess concentrations of trace metals have been identified as main causes for the poor plant response. Given the complexity of the asbestos analysis and the extent of the problem, this book attempts to bring together the multitude of subjects pertaining to asbestos in the natural environment with the aim of contributing to a better understanding of the chemical characteristics of asbestos-rich materials and their effect on plant growth.
Optimization
1st Edition
Volume 1
George L. Nemhauser
English
Collected together in this book are ten state-of-the-art expository articles on the most important topics in optimization, written by leading experts in the field. The book therefore provides a primary reference for those performing research in some area of optimization or for those who have some basic knowledge of optimization techniques but wish to learn the most up-to-date and efficient algorithms for particular classes of problems. The first sections of each chapter are expository and therefore accessible to master's level graduate students. However, the chapters also contain advanced material on current topics of interest to researchers. For instance there are chapters which describe the polynomial-time linear programming algorithms of Khachian and Karmarkar and the techniques used to solve combinatorial and integer programming problems, an order of magnitude larger than was possible just a few years ago. Overall a comprehensive yet lively and up-to-date discussion of the state-of-the-art in optimization is presented in this book.
Flow Injection Analysis
A Practical Guide
1st Edition
Volume 10
B. Karlberg + 1 more
English
This is a practical guide for first-time and experienced users of Flow Injection Analysis (FIA). It gives, not a detailed theoretical analysis, but a ``nuts and bolts'' approach to the description of the technique and how it can be utilized to solve analytical chemical problems.The advantages of flow injection, how, when, why and where it works are all fully explained. Criteria for the choice of hardware and useful hints for maintenance are provided. The large variety of detectors suitable to combine with FIA are discussed, as are special modes of operation, their advantages and their limitations, and also conversion of batch methods to FIA methods. Numerous in-depth descriptions of applications of FIA techniques in water, soil, pharmaceutical and industrial analysis are featured, and a complete bibliography is included.The authors have spent several years demonstrating, lecturing and using FIA and the basic outline of their book closely follows the schedule of the FIA workshops they have taught. It will be an invaluable tool for all chemists who perform analyses on a routine basis.
Reactions at the Liquid-Solid Interface
1st Edition
Volume 28
R.G. Compton
English
Volume 28 of Comprehensive Chemical Kinetics is concerned with reactions occurring at the solid-liquid interface. Volumes 26 and 27 have dealt with electrochemical reactions. The present volume therefore covers those interfacial processes which involve no net passage of current. The first chapter covers the structure of the interfacial region and its experimental investigation. The second chapter reviews the mechanisms by which heterogeneous catalysis of solution reactions can take place. The third is concerned with the mechanism and kinetics of crystal growth from solution. The final chapter deals with corrosion processes at the metal-solution interface.
Mesoscale/Synoptic Coherent Structures in Geophysical Turbulence
1st Edition
Volume 50
B.M. Jamart + 1 more
English
The 20th Liège Colloquium was particularly well attended and these proceedings demonstrate the significant progress achieved in understanding, modelling, and observing geostrophic and near-geostrophic turbulence. The book contains more than 50 review papers and original contributions covering most aspects of the field of mesoscale/synoptic coherent structures in geophysical (oceanographic) turbulence. The properties of isolated vortices (generation, evolution, decay), their interactions with other vortices, with larger scale currents and/or with topography are investigated theoretically and by means of numerical and physical models. Observation of these dynamically important features in different parts of the world ocean are reported. Of particular interest will be the fourteen contributions by scientists from the USSR which emphasize the international character of the meeting. The book thus constitutes a useful and complete overview of the current state-of-the-art.
Structure and Reactivity of Surfaces
1st Edition
Volume 48
C. Morterra + 2 more
English
Between the area known as surface science (which mainly deals with single crystal surfaces) and the vast area of the surface properties of dispersed solids (knowledge of which is widely applied in catalysis and materials science) there is still a remarkably wide, although gradually decreasing, gap. Because fundamental physico-chemical problems are involved, this borderline area needs to be explored. With this objective, the Trieste meeting brought together specialists with a variety of origins and backgrounds, with the aim of stimulating the growth of our knowledge in this area.This proceedings volume contains ninety-three papers, comprising plenary lectures, short communications, and poster contributions on the applications of physical and theoretical methods to perfect and dispersed (microcrystalline and amorphous) metals, oxides, and mixed systems. Special emphasis is given to metal-support interfaces.The book thus provides a wealth of up-to-date information on a topic of current interest which will be of value to researchers who use chemical and/or physical methods for the study of surfaces.
Zeolites: Facts, Figures, Future
1st Edition
Volume 49
P.A. Jacobs + 1 more
English
This two-volume work contains over 140 papers which, together, reflect the current status of zeolite science and technology encompassing high and low silica zeolites, pillared clays, molecular sieves, microporous metallosilicates, crystalline silica polymorphs, crystalline microporous aluminophosphates and their isomorphically substituted forms.The five plenary invited lectures summarize current knowledge and address a number of topical areas such as the enumeration of theoretically possible frameworks, the use of sophisticated physical methods to unravel and characterise new molecular sieve materials, the potential of molecular sieves as catalysts for chemical intermediate and commodity synthesis and conversion, the role of zeolites in fluid catalytic cracking, and new zeolitic materials.Specific aspects of zeolite science are highlighted in the ten keynote lectures of which three are on synthesis and modification, one on new materials, one on characterization, two on structure and theory, one on metals in zeolites, and two on catalytic topics. All the contributions in this book reflect the high quality of research being carried out throughout the zeolite community.
Surface Operations in Petroleum Production, II
1st Edition
Volume 19B
J.O. Robertson + 2 more
English
This second volume of Surface Operations in Petroleum Production complements and amplifies Volume I which appeared in 1987 and covered several aspects of oilfield technology. This second volume presents a detailed theoretical and practical exposition of surface oilfield practices, including gas flow rate measurement, cementing, fracturing, acidizing, and gravel packing. In today's era of specialization, these operations are generally left to service companies, denying field engineers and company managers direct detailed knowledge of the specific surface and subsurface operations. This book presents a comprehensive analysis which may be used by field engineers to analyze technical problems, specify the required surface and subsurface operations, and closely supervise the service company's work and post-treatment operation of the well.Another subject which has great economic consequences in all oilfields is corrosion of equipment. The book presents a comprehensive analysis of the theory of corrosion in the oilfield and methods that have proved effective for the retardation, or elimination, of corrosion. Quality control of injection waters in then covered. Three more topics are addressed: the first is offshore technology which is presented with reference to onshore oilfield operations, making a lucid presentation for field engineers who have no practical knowledge of the subject. The second is pollution control - an area of oilfield management which has assumed widespread importance in recent years. The last topic covered is the subject of underground storage of gas and oil. Underground fuel storage and retrieval is an active area of oilfield production management that utilizes the technology presented in this entire treatise. Finally, the technology of testing petroleum products and sample experiments for junior and senior petroleum engineering students are presented.This two-volume comprehensive treatise on modern oilfield technology thus provides not only a complete reference for field managers, engineers, and technical consultants, but will also serve academic needs in advanced studies of petroleum production engineering.
Enhanced Oil Recovery, II
Processes and Operations
1st Edition
Volume 17B
E.C. Donaldson + 2 more
English
Written by foremost experts in the field, and formulated with attention to classroom use for advanced studies in reservoir characterization and processes, this book reviews and summarises state-of-the-art progress in the field of enhanced oil recovery (EOR). All of the available techniques: alkaline flooding; surfactant flooding; carbon dioxide flooding; steam flooding; in-situ combustion; gas injection; miscible flooding; microbial recovery; and polymer flooding are discussed and compared. Together with Volume I, it presents a complete text on enhanced recovery technology and, hence, is an almost indispensible reference text.This second volume compliments the first by presenting as complete an analysis as possible of current oilfield theory and technology, for accomplishment of maximum production of oil. Many different processes have been developed and field tested for enhancement of oil recovery. The emerging philosophy is that no single process is applicable to all petroleum reservoirs. Each must be treated as unique, and carefully evaluated for characteristics that are amenable to one or two of the proven technologies of EOR. This book will aid the engineer in field evaluation and selection of the best EOR technology for a given oilfield. Even the emerging technology of microbial applications to enhance oil recovery are reviewed and explained in terms that are easily understood by field engineers.The book is presented in a manner suitable for graduate studies. The only addition required of teachers is to supply example problems for class work. An appendix includes a reservoir mathematic model and program for general application that can also be used for teaching.
Pipeline Design for Water Engineers
3rd Edition
Volume 40
D.J. Stephenson
English
"... the book is at its best in the design and analysis sections and could stand on these alone as a well-stocked handbook with copious references for further study," commented the Journal of the National Water Council after publication of an earlier edition of Pipeline Design for Water Engineers. This classic monograph has been revised and updated to take account of new developments in the field. Recent research in cavitation and flow control has prompted additional sections to be added. There are also new sections on supports to exposed pipes and secondary stress. Additional references and a new layout make up this edition. Some sections appearing in previous editions, noteably on pipe network systems analysis and optimization have been ommitted as they were considered more appropriate in the author's parallel book ``Pipeflow Analysis'' (Developments in Water Science, 19).

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