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Elsevier Science

Probabilistic and Convex Modelling of Acoustically Excited Structures
1st Edition
Volume 39
I. Elishakoff + 2 more
English
This book summarises the analytical techniques for predicting the response of linear structures to noise excitations generated by large propulsion power plants. Emphasis is placed on beams and plates of both single-span and multi-span configurations, common in engineering structural systems. Since the natural frequencies and the associated normal modes play a central role in the random vibration analysis of a continuous dynamical system, rather detailed discussions are devoted to their determination. Material covered in the first chapter provides a useful reference for the subsequent discussion of multi-span structures. Also included in this volume is a hybrid probabilistic and convex-uncertainty modeling approach in which the upper and lower bounds of the cross-spectral densities of the acoustic excitation are obtained on the basis of measured data. The random vibration of a structure is treated, for the first time, as an "anti-optimization" problem of finding the least favourable value of the mean-square response.
Analytical Methods in Geochemical Prospecting
1st Edition
Volume 1
W.K. Fletcher
G.J.S. Govett
English
Handbook of Exploration Geochemistry, Volume I: Analytical Methods in Geochemical Prospecting focuses on the principles, methodologies, approaches, and techniques employed in geochemical prospecting. The book first underscores quality control in the laboratory, sample preparation, sample decomposition-soluti... techniques, and colorimetry and related techniques. Discussions focus on colorimetry, turbidimetric methods, strong decompositions, partial extractions, preparation of rock samples, random and systematic errors, and quality control program. The publication then takes a look at atomic absorption spectrophotometry, emission spectroscopy, and X-ray fluorescence. Concerns cover instrumentation, operation of the X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, flame emission spectroscopy, semi-quantitative DC-arc spectroscopy, and plasma sources. The text examines electrochemical methods, including determination of pH and specific ion electrodes. The publication is a dependable reference for researchers interested in the analytical methods in geochemical prospecting.
Analysis of Ecological Systems: State-of-the-Art in Ecological Modelling
1st Edition
Volume 5
W.K. Lauenroth + 2 more
English
The International Society for Ecological Modelling (ISEM) sponsors conferences, workshops and training courses with the aim of advancing the development of ecological and environmental modelling. The 3rd International Conference on the state-of-the-art in ecological modelling was sponsored by the ISEM in cooperation with the National Park Service Water Resources Laboratory and hosted by the Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory at Colorado State University. Its theme was the application of ecological modelling to environmental management and this book contains the full texts of the three invited papers presented in the five general sessions, plus the final summaries and syntheses of the topics covered during those sessions.
Colloids in the Aquatic Environment
1st Edition
Th. F. Tadros + 1 more
English
Colloids in the Aquatic Environment covers the proceedings of the International Symposium by the same title, held at the University College London on September 7-9, 1992, organized by the SCI Colloid and Surface Chemistry Group. This book is divided into 20 chapters and begins with an introduction to the fundamentals of surface structure and reactivity. The succeeding chapters deal with molecular mass determination of humic substances from natural waters, the biospecific mechanism of double layer formation, the dynamics of colloid deposition in porous media, and the evaluation of surface area and size distributions of soil particles. These topics are followed by discussions of the transport and capture of colloids; colloidal stability of natural organic matter; the hydrolytic precipitation and modeling ion binding by humic acids; and the thermodynamic aspects and photoelectrophoresis of colloids. Other chapters explore the colloidal transfer in several aquatic environments. The final chapters consider the mechanism of colloid detachment, speciation, partitioning, and stability. These chapters also look into a hybrid equilibrium model of solute transport in porous media in the presence of colloids. This book will be of great value to civil and environmental engineers.
Modern Energy Economy in Beet Sugar Factories
1st Edition
Volume 10
K. Urbaniec
English
This book is devoted to the problems of identifying the potential for, designing and implementing, energy-saving measures in beet sugar factories. As the sugar industries in various countries differ considerably with respect to the economic conditions for factory operation and the level of technological development, the problem range is very broad. It may include the elimination of faulty or unreliable auxiliary equipment, or the introduction of simple improvements in vapour distribution schemes, in factories operated in countries where the need for efficient energy utilization has not really been very urgent until now. On the other hand, there are sugar factories in some other countries where considerable achievements have been made in energy saving but where further progress may still be possible if more advanced engineering problems are solved.The author takes an interdisciplinary approach to its subject aimed at demonstrating how the energy demand of a sugar factory can be affected by the interactions between a number of factors, namely: layout and parameters of the energy conversion and distribution processes; layout and parameters of the sugar manufacturing process and by-processes; characteristics of the equipment and control systems; completeness and accuracy of the energy monitoring systems. The book consists essentially of three parts. In Chapters 1 to 3, some theoretical background is given and engineering principles for creating efficient energy conversion and utilization subsystems in sugar factories are reviewed. The second part - Chapters 4 to 7 - discusses recent developments in these areas and their importance to energy conversion and utilization in sugar factories. The presentation is illustrated with suitable practically-oriented examples based mostly on the author's experience gained from nine years working with an engineering company specializing in the design, erection and modernization of sugar factories, as well as five years of consulting and research for the sugar industry. Short examples are presented in Chapters 1, 2, 3 and 7, while in the third part of the book (Chapters 8 and 9) summaries are given of real-life design analyses of energy subsystems of sugar factories, characterized by different levels of sophistication of the energy economy.The book thus provides a systematic review which will be helpful to managers and technologists in sugar factories where the problem may arise of choosing the most appropriate set of measures that best fit the factory's unique needs. It can also be used in university-level courses on the energy economy of sugar factories, and will be of interest to design engineers and specialists engaged in research in the area.
Strength of Structural Elements
1st Edition
Volume 26
Zbigniew Brzoska
M. Zyczkowski
English
This volume describes engineering applications of the mechanics of deformable bodies and the elasticity theory relevant to them. It is concerned mainly with one-dimensional problems, which arise because either one of the dimensions of a body is much greater than the remaining two or the functions of two or three variables may be reduced to one variable.Problems of this type are of twofold importance. Firstly, many engineering problems can be described with sufficient accuracy just in this way. Secondly, unidimensional problems with known analytical solutions may serve either for testing numerical methods or for the analysis of fundamental concepts and phenomena, whose physical nature in three-dimensional approach might be obscured by the analytical-numerical aspect. The authors have confined themselves for the most part to the analysis of elastic behaviour of structures; however some attention is also given to elastic problems. A deterministic approach has been applied throughout the book. It will serve as a springboard for further work with stochastic approaches which are being increasingly used in engineering practice today.
Stability and Stabilization of Enzymes
Proceedings of an International Symposium Held in Maastricht, The Netherlands, 22-25 November 1992
1st Edition
Volume 47
W.J.J. van den Tweel + 2 more
English
These proceedings contain most of the oral presentations and posters of the international symposium on Stability and Stabilization of Enzymes held in Maastricht in November 1992. They provide a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art in this field.The possible applications of enzymes are enormous. Years of development have seen many enzymes brought onto the market, but they are still expensive to use. Therefore, their efficient application is a prerequisite for common usage. One of the main factors for this efficiency is the stability of the enzymes. The topics thus ranged from the extensive fundamental thermodynamic knowledge gathered in academic research to the practical applied knowledge built up in industry during the time that enzymes have been produced commercially.The subject Stability and Stabilization of Enzymes was discussed from various points of view, as was reflected in the themes of the symposium sessions. In the session on Fundamentals of Enzyme Stabilisation the thermodynamic background of the phenomenon was highlighted. In yet another session, the recently developed analytical tools to measure enzyme stability and stabilisation were discussed. Further sessions comprised the physical, chemical and biological ways to obtain enzyme stabilisation and finally, the industrial practice of enzyme stabilisation was treated by representatives of the world's most important enzyme producers. The book will be of interest to researchers in universities and industry in the fields of biochemistry, enzymology and biotechnology.
Industrial Minerals and Rocks
1st Edition
Volume 18
M. Kucera
English
Industrial Minerals and Rocks is a collection of research papers concerning the study of industrial mineral deposits. This work is composed of 17 chapters that specifically highlight the research done by Czech and Slovak economic geologists in non-metallic deposits, including talc, magnesite, kaolin, and clay. After an introduction to the history of industrial minerals and rocks, this book goes on reviewing the origin, principal element cycle, genetic types, form, and size of these deposits. Considerable chapters describe the deposits of industrial minerals, rocks, and building raw materials. The remaining chapters deal with the geophysical methods prospecting and exploration and production of industrial raw materials, rocks, and minerals. This book will prove useful to mineral geologists and researchers.
Metal Powders
A Global Survey of Production, Applications and Markets
1st Edition
J. Capus
English
Please note this is a Short Discount publication.This in–depth market and technology report surveys the markets, applications and manufacturing processes for metal powders. Coverage is given to both ferrous and non–ferrous metal powders with the emphasis on the more commercially significant materials such as iron and steel, stainless and tool steels, copper and copper–base alloys, aluminium, tin and nickel. Current and future markets are reviewed from a global perspective: consumption figures are analyzed for the major economic zones: Northern America, Europe, Japan. The major factors likely to impact on future metal powder consumption are examined and forecasts are presented for the main categories to the end of the decade. The report is completed by a comprehensive global survey of the relevant activities of the major powder–producing companies and industry trade associations.
Soil Structure/Soil Biota Interrelationships
International Workshop on Methods of Research on Soil Structure/Soil Biota Interrelationships, Held at the International Agricultural Centre, Wageningen, The Netherlands, 24-28 November 1991
1st Edition
L. Brussaard + 1 more
English
Some pioneers in soil research such as Müller and Kubiëna were as much biologists as they were soil scientists and the legendary biologist Charles Darwin was foresighted in recognizing the earthworms as instrumental in reworking the soil, thereby forming what he called "vegetable mould". Still, soil science has largely been the realm of physicists and chemists over the past decades. Whatever the reason, this picture is rapidly changing. Until recently, research on the transport and transformation of elements in soil was often concerned with either soil biota/plant relationships or with soil structure/plant relationships, if the biota were considered at all, but very few studies explicitly took the interrelationships between soil structure and soil biota into account. The conference on Soil Structure/Soil Biota Interrelationships, held at Wageningen, The Netherlands, 24-28 November 1991, was meant to bridge that gap, focussing on methods of research, organized in three levels: features, processes and effects. The proceedings of the conference are testimony of the need to intertwine the biological, morphological, physical and chemical disciplines in soil research to understand better and forecast soil properties and processes as related to land use for agricultural and other purposes.This book should be of particular interest to soil scientists and ecologists who feel the need for a cross-disciplinary approach in soils research. It should also be a rich source of teaching material for courses in soil science and soil ecology at graduate level and above, with ample reference to studies on land use as related to agriculture and the environment.

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