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Elsevier

Elsevier Science

  • Multidisciplinary Approaches to Theory in Medicine

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 3
    • English
    This volume will be a collection of chapters from authors with wide experience in their research field. The purpose is to produce a coherent book that reflects the common theme of theory in medical thinking and multidisciplinary research practice. In this context "theory" relates to frameworks of concepts, facts, models etc that help to inform practitioners (clinicians, scientists and engineers) both within their own fields and as they seek to share dialogue with colleagues from other fields. Multidisciplinary Approaches to Theory in Medicine will therefore be integrative across a broad spectrum of fields within medicine. To achieve this the chapters will be associated with others in a number of meaningful ways. Each chapter will share a number of points of contact that will include at least two of the following: Similar biomedical area (e.g., immunity, neuroscience, endocrinology, pathology, oncology, haematology, …) Similar multidisciplinary theoretical contexts (e.g., modelling, analysis, description, visualization, complex systems, …) Similar multidisciplinary medical issues and questions (e.g., clinical practice, decision making, informatics, …)

  • Coniferous Forests

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 6
    • F.A. Andersson
    • English
    This volume Coniferous Forests is the last in the series Ecosystem of the World. Conifers and coniferous forests are an important element around us and attract our interest. This volume starts with an account of the history and distribution of the conifers. In six chapters the most important areas in Asia, Europe, North and South America with conifers forest are described covering boreal, temperate, tropical as well as mountainous regions. The descriptions are made out from a biome and an ecosystem perspective. Also detailed accounts on tree species other vegetation is also briefly described. Climatic and soil conditions are dealt with as well as disturbances. Interesting notes on vegetation classification is also to be found, among others from Russia. The functional aspects of the conifer forests in terms of physiology, production, biomass, water and elemental cycling are dealt with in four chapters. Applied aspects as their economic value, management and importance for tourism are also presented.

  • Molecule-Based Materials

    The Structural Network Approach
    • 1st Edition
    • Lars Öhrström + 1 more
    • English
    The properties of a material depend not only on the specific atoms and molecules it contains, but also on the arrangement of these in space. Many of these three-dimensional arrangements are described as "3D-nets" or "3D-networks". Molecule-Based Materials: The Structural Network Approach is about the synthesis, description, nomenclature and analysis of such nets and the relation of the nets to the physical properties of the materials. It introduces the mathematics, and includes a short guide to programs useful for retrieving, analysing and naming nets. Complete with illustrations and examples of coordination polymer and hydrogen bonded nets, this unique easy-to-read book examines all aspects of 3D nets and will undeniably prove itself valuable to newcomers, well-seasoned students and researchers working in crystallography, inorganic or organic chemistry.

  • Membrane Contactors: Fundamentals, Applications and Potentialities

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 11
    • Enrico Drioli + 2 more
    • English
    Membrane Contactors: Fundamentals, Applications and Potentialities, Volume 11 covers new operations that could be efficiently used to improve the performance of a variety of industrial production cycles in applications ranging from biotechnology to agrofood. This book focuses on the basic "principles of work": required membrane materials and properties; major operating parameters; the importance of module configuration and design and; the performance of membrane contactors in specific processes. The authors’ dynamic approach to this subject makes Membrane Contactors: Fundamentals, Applications and Potentialities, Volume 11 the most comprehensive book currently available on all aspects related to the 'membrane contactor world.

  • Microwave-assisted Organic Synthesis

    One Hundred Reaction Procedures
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 25
    • D. Bogdal
    • English
    Microwave-assisted Organic Synthesis: One Hundred Reaction Procedures provides readers with a broad overview of microwave assisted organic synthesis, enabling students and researchers alike to produce more efficient and high yield syntheses while saving time and resources. The work addresses key issues faced by chemistry laboratories in academia and in industry, including an ever increasing need for procedures which are low-waste, energy efficient, high yield, occur over a short reaction period, and use environmentally friendly solvents. All these factors play an important role in the development of "green chemistry" methods, making this book an excellent resource for any laboratory or library.

  • Tribology and Biophysics of Artificial Joints

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 50
    • Pinchuk
    • English
    Joint endoprosthetics - the science of implanting artificial joints into the human body - has been around since the 1960’s, and consistent advancements are leading to better practice, materials and mechanics. The present book is devoted to the biophysics and effect of wear, friction and lubrication on artificial joints. The important aspects of biocompatibility and wear resistance are reviewed and a retrospective analysis of modern joint endoprosthetic designs is presented. Data on clinical aspects of endoprosthetics are cited in support of the text. Advancements in genetic engineering, and promising new techniques of designing bone and cartilage transplants are explored, and a critical comparison between tribological mechanisms of operation and natural joint functioning are made. An exceptional resource for all specialists in orthopedy, biophysics, immunology and engineers engaged in developing artificial joints.

  • Advances in Gold Ore Processing

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 15
    • Mike D. Adams
    • English
    The gold processing industry is experiencing change. As free-milling and oxide ores become depleted, more complex polymetallic and refractory ores are being processed, coupled with increasing pressure for stricter environmental compliance. Recent years have also seen a steady reduction in mineral processing and metallurgy graduates and a gradual loss of older operating experience. A contribution to documenting current and future best practice in gold ore processing seems timely.The focus of this volume is on advances in current gold plant operation, from conception to closure; chapters also cover innovations at the bench and pilot-scale level that would be expected to find commercial application at some stage. Sufficient coverage is also given to the chemistry and engineering aspects. The general principle behind the structure of the volume is that of flowsheeting based on unit operations and applied to a mineralogical classification of gold ore types. From concept to closure, this book covers all unit operations, mineralogies and processes that are relevant to dealing with today's complex orebodies.Practical experience is vital to the successful development, operation and closure of any operation. The 42 chapters have been contributed by a total of 66 authors and co-authors who are experts from countries spanning the globe, and representing exhaustive practical knowledge covering many disciplines relevant to gold processing.

  • Multiple Aspects of DNA and RNA: from Biophysics to Bioinformatics

    Lecture Notes of the Les Houches Summer School 2004
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 82
    • English
    This book is dedicated to the multiple aspects, that is, biological, physical and computational of DNA and RNA molecules. These molecules, central to vital processes, have been experimentally studied by molecular biologists for five decades since the discovery of the structure of DNA by Watson and Crick in 1953. Recent progresses (e.g. use of DNA chips, manipulations at the single molecule level, availability of huge genomic databases...) have revealed an imperious need for theoretical modelling. Further progresses will clearly not be possible without an integrated understanding of all DNA and RNA aspects and studies.The book is intended to be a desktop reference for advanced graduate students or young researchers willing to acquire a broad interdisciplinary understanding of the multiple aspects of DNA and RNA. It is divided in three main sections:The first section comprises an introduction to biochemistry and biology of nucleic acids. The structure and function of DNA are reviewed in R. Lavery's chapter. The next contribution, by V. Fritsch and E. Westhof, concentrates on the folding properties of RNA molecules. The cellular processes involving these molecules are reviewed by J. Kadonaga, with special emphasis on the regulation of transcription. These chapters does not require any preliminary knowledge in the field (except that of elementary biology and chemistry).The second section covers the biophysics of DNA and RNA, starting with basics in polymer physics in the contribution by R. Khokhlov. A large space is then devoted to the presentation of recent experimental and theoretical progresses in the field of single molecule studies. T. Strick's contribution presents a detailed description of the various micro-manipulation techniques, and reviews recent experiments on the interactions between DNA and proteins (helicases, topoisomerases, ...). The theoretical modeling of single molecules is presented by J. Marko, with a special attention paid to the elastic and topological properties of DNA. Finally, advances in the understanding of electrophoresis, a technique of crucial importance in everyday molecular biology, are exposed in T. Duke's contribution.The third section presents provides an overview of the main computational approaches to integrate, analyse and simulate molecular and genetic networks. First, J. van Helden introduces a series of statistical and computational methods allowing the identification of short nucleic fragments putatively involved in the regulation of gene expression from sets of promoter sequences controlling co-expressed genes. Next, the chapter by Samsonova et al. connects this issue of transcriptional regulation with that of the control of cell differentiation and pattern formation during embryonic development. Finally, H. de Jong and D. Thieffry review a series of mathematical approaches to model the dynamical behaviour of complex genetic regulatory networks. This contribution includes brief descriptions and references to successful applications of these approaches, including the work of B. Novak, on the dynamical modelling of cell cycle in different model organisms, from yeast to mammals.

  • Understanding Late Devonian and Permian-Triassic Biotic and Climatic Events

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 20
    • Jeff Over + 2 more
    • English
    The Late Devonian and Permian-Triassic intervals are among the most dynamic episodes of Earth history, marked by large secular changes in continental ecosystems, dramatic fluctuations in ocean oxygenation, major phases of biotic turnover, volcanism, bolide impact events, and rapid fluctuations in stable isotope systems and sea level. This volume highlights contributions from a broad range of geological sub-disciplines currently striving to understand these critical intervals of geologically rapid, global-scale changes.

  • Diamond Films

    Chemical Vapor Deposition for Oriented and Heteroepitaxial Growth
    • 1st Edition
    • Koji Kobashi
    • English
    Discusses the most advanced techniques for diamond growthAssists diamond researchers in deciding on the most suitable process conditionsInspires readers to devise new CVD (chemical vapor depositionEver since the early 1980s, and the discovery of the vapour growth methods of diamond film, heteroexpitaxial growth has become one of the most important and heavily discussed topics amongst the diamond research community. Kobashi has documented such discussions with a strong focus on how diamond films can be best utilised as an industrial material, working from the premise that crystal diamond films can be made by chemical vapour disposition. Kobashi provides information on the process and characterization technologies of oriented and heteroepitaxial growth of diamond films.

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