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Elsevier

Books in Mathematics

The Mathematics collection presents a range of foundational and advanced research content across applied and discrete mathematics, including fields such as Computational Mathematics; Differential Equations; Linear Algebra; Modelling & Simulation; Numerical Analysis; Probability & Statistics.

  • Modern Dimension Theory

    • 1st Edition
    • Jun-Iti Nagata
    • N. G. De Bruijn + 2 more
    • English
    Bibliotheca Mathematica, Volume 6: Modern Dimension Theory provides a brief account of dimension theory as it has been developed since 1941, including the principal results of the classical theory for separable metric spaces. This book discusses the decomposition theorem, Baire's zero-dimensional spaces, dimension of separable metric spaces, and characterization of dimension by a sequence of coverings. The imbedding of countable-dimensiona... spaces, sum theorem for strong inductive dimension, and cohomology group of a topological space are also elaborated. This text likewise covers the uniformly zero-dimensional mappings, theorems in euclidean space, transfinite inductive dimension, and dimension of non-metrizable spaces. This volume is recommended to students and specialists researching on dimension theory.

  • Distributed Computer Systems

    Theory and Practice
    • 1st Edition
    • H. S. M. Zedan
    • English
    Distributed Computer Systems: Theory and Practice is a collection of papers dealing with the design and implementation of operating systems, including distributed systems, such as the amoeba system, argus, Andrew, and grapevine. One paper discusses the concepts and notations for concurrent programming, particularly language notation used in computer programming, synchronization methods, and also compares three classes of languages. Another paper explains load balancing or load redistribution to improve system performance, namely, static balancing and adaptive load balancing. For program efficiency, the user can choose from various debugging approaches to locate or fix errors without significantly disturbing the program behavior. Examples of debuggers pertain to the ada language and the occam programming language. Another paper describes the architecture of a real-time distributed database system used for computer network management, monitoring integration, as well as administration and control of both local area or wide area communications networks. The book can prove helpful to programmers, computer engineers, computer technicians, and computer instructors dealing with many aspects of computers, such as programming, hardware interface, networking, engineering or design.

  • Computer Science and Multiple-Valued Logic

    Theory and Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • David C. Rine
    • English
    Computer Science and Multiple-Valued Logic: Theory and Applications focuses on the processes, methodologies, and approaches involved in multiple-valued logic and its relationship to computer science. The selection first tackles an introduction to multiple-valued logic, lattice theory of post algebras, multiple-valued logic design and applications in binary computers, smallest many-valued logic for the treatment of complemented and uncomplemented error signals, and chain based lattices. Discussions focus on formulation, representation theory, theory and circuit design, logical tables, and unary operations. The text then examines multiple-valued signal processing with limiting, development of multiple-valued logic as related to computer science, p-algebras, and an algorithm for axiomatizing every finite logic. The book takes a look at completeness properties of multiple-valued logic algebras, computer simplification of multi-valued switching functions, and minimization of multivalued functions. Topics include generation of prime implicants, realizations, minimization algorithms, decomposition algorithm for multi-valued switching functions, and relation between the sum-of-products form and array of cubes. The selection is aimed at computer engineers, computer scientists, applied mathematicians, and physicists interested in multiple-valued logic as the discipline relates to computer engineering and computer science.

  • Computer Arithmetic in Theory and Practice

    • 1st Edition
    • Ulrich W. Kulisch + 1 more
    • Werner Rheinboldt
    • English
    Computer Arithmetic in Theory and Practice deals with computer arithmetic and the various implementations of the entire arithmetic package on diverse processors, including microprocessors. It illustrates the importance of theoretical development in the sound implementation of arithmetic on computers, and argues that such an implementation requires the establishment of various isomorphisms between different definitions of arithmetic operations. Comprised of seven chapters, this volume begins with an introduction to the theory of computer arithmetic by giving an axiomatic characterization of the essential properties of sets and subsets; complete lattices and complete subnets; screens and roundings; and arithmetic operations. The discussion then turns to the concepts of a ringoid and a vectoid as well as those of ordered or weakly ordered ringoids and vectoids; interval arithmetic; and floating-point arithmetic. The operations in interval spaces are defined by means of semimorphisms. The final chapter shows how to embed the five basic data types (integer, real, complex, real interval, and complex interval) together with the arithmetic operations that are defined for all of these types into existing higher programming languages. This book will be helpful to students and practitioners in the fields of computer science and applied mathematics.

  • A Simple Introduction to Data and Activity Analysis

    • 1st Edition
    • Rosemary Rock-Evans
    • English
    A Simple Introduction to Data and Activity Analysis provides an introduction to the main concepts embodied in the analysis techniques. This book provides a more balanced picture of the methods of the analysis by showing what deliverables are collected as well as how to obtain them. Organized into eight chapters, this book begins with an overview of some of the activities that need to be done to analyze the business and some of the end and intermediate deliverables produced by these activities. This text then explains how to get the activity analysis deliverables. Other chapters consider the causes and effects of problems in business. This book discusses as well how activities can be decomposed or broken down into more and more detailed activities, using the techniques of activity decomposition and data flow diagramming. The final chapter deals with the methods of analysis that show how different types of input could be converted into the data and activity models. This book is a valuable resource for computer programmers.

  • Basic Real and Abstract Analysis

    • 1st Edition
    • John F. Randolph
    • English
    Basic Real and Abstract Analysis focuses on the processes, methodologies, and approaches involved in the process of abstraction of mathematical problems. The book first offers information on orientation and sets and spaces, including equivalent and infinite sets, metric spaces, cardinals, distance and relative properties, real numbers, and absolute value and inequalities. The text then takes a look at sequences and series and measure and integration. Topics include rings and additivity, Lebesgue integration, outer measures and measurability, extended real number system, sequences in metric spaces, and series of real numbers. The publication ponders on measure theory, continuity, derivatives, and Stieltjes integrals. Discussions focus on integrators of bounded variation, Lebesgue integral relations, exponents and logarithms, bounded variation, mean values, trigonometry, and Fourier series. The manuscript is a valuable reference for mathematicians and researchers interested in the process of abstraction of mathematical equations.

  • Digital Logic Design

    • 2nd Edition
    • B. Holdsworth
    • English
    Digital Logic Design, Second Edition provides a basic understanding of digital logic design with emphasis on the two alternative methods of design available to the digital engineer. This book describes the digital design techniques, which have become increasingly important. Organized into 14 chapters, this edition begins with an overview of the essential laws of Boolean algebra, K-map plotting techniques, as well as the simplification of Boolean functions. This text then presents the properties and develops the characteristic equations of a number of various types of flip-flop. Other chapters consider the design of synchronous and asynchronous counters using either discrete flip-flops or shift registers. This book discusses as well the design and implementation of event driven logic circuits using the NAND sequential equation. The final chapter deals with simple coding techniques and the principles of error detection and correction. This book is a valuable resource for undergraduate students, digital engineers, and scientists.

  • Contributions to Logic and Methodology

    In Honor of J.M. Bochenski
    • 1st Edition
    • Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka
    • English
    Contributions to Logic and Methodology in Honor of J. M. Boche?ski focuses on the influence, contributions, and legacy of J. M. Boche?ski in the fields of logic and methodology. The selection first offers information on some remarks on inferential deduction, modal logic with eight modalities, and method and logic in presocratic explanation. Discussions focus on inference, evidence, hypothesis, generalization, semantical discussion, proof of necessity, multiple dialogues, and construction trees. The text then elaborates on reification, quotation, and nominalization, logic of preference and choice, and sense, denotation, and the context of sentences. Topics include axioms of preference and of choice, economic context, methodological remarks, reification, nominalization, and quotation. The manuscript examines conjectural inference and phenomenological analysis, including anticipatory evidence and choice of method, conjecture of the universal order, conjectural requirement of the architectonic project, and outline of the program of conjectural inquiry. The selection is a dependable source of information for philosophers and researchers interested in the influence and contributions of J. M. Boche?ski to logic and methodology.

  • Elementary Calculus

    • 1st Edition
    • P.R. Masani + 2 more
    • Ralph P. Boas
    • English
    Elementary Calculus presents a three semester introductory course on calculus. This book reveals the conceptual development of the calculus, taking into cognizance the technical and applied sides and standards of clarity and rigor that prevail in mathematics. The topics discussed include the basic laws of numbers, classification of real functions, and concept of instantaneous velocity. The limits of functions defined on intervals, derivatives of the trigonometric functions, and standard logarithmic function are also reviewed. This text likewise considers integration by substitution, lengths of plane curves, and simple harmonic motion. This publication is designed for students who have a knowledge of elementary trigonometry, and either have had a one semester course on analytic or coordinate geometry or might take such a course with calculus.

  • Random Matrices and the Statistical Theory of Energy Levels

    • 1st Edition
    • M. L. Mehta
    • English
    Random Matrices and the Statistical Theory of Energy Levels focuses on the processes, methodologies, calculations, and approaches involved in random matrices and the statistical theory of energy levels, including ensembles and density and correlation functions. The publication first elaborates on the joint probability density function for the matrix elements and eigenvalues, including the Gaussian unitary, symplectic, and orthogonal ensembles and time-reversal invariance. The text then examines the Gaussian ensembles, as well as the asymptotic formula for the level density and partition function. The manuscript elaborates on the Brownian motion model, circuit ensembles, correlation functions, thermodynamics, and spacing distribution of circular ensembles. Topics include continuum model for the spacing distribution, thermodynamic quantities, joint probability density function for the eigenvalues, stationary and nonstationary ensembles, and ensemble averages. The publication then examines the joint probability density functions for two nearby spacings and invariance hypothesis and matrix element correlations. The text is a valuable source of data for researchers interested in random matrices and the statistical theory of energy levels.

  • Multi-Objective Programming in the USSR

    • 1st Edition
    • Elliot R. Lieberman
    • Gerald J. Lieberman + 1 more
    • English
    Statistical Modeling and Decision Science: Multi-Objective Programming in the USSR provides information pertinent to multi-objective programming that has emerged as an increasingly active area of research in the fields of applied mathematics, operations research, and decision and management science. This book traces and analyzes the development of Soviet multi-objective programming. Organized into 24 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the research institutes most actively involved in multi-objective programming research. This text then presents an analytical framework for grouping and classifying the diverse Soviet methods. Other chapters consider the methods and then evaluated according to the significance and soundness of its basic approach and its kinship to other methods. This book discusses as well some significant Soviet theoretical research and several distinctive approaches proposed by Soviet researchers for comparing the effectiveness of alternative interactive multi-objective programming method. The final chapter deals with distinctive Soviet tendencies in multi-objective research. This book is a valuable resource for economists.

  • Introduction to Modern Mathematics

    • 1st Edition
    • Helena Rasiowa
    • English
    Introduction to Modern Mathematics focuses on the operations, principles, and methodologies involved in modern mathematics. The monograph first tackles the algebra of sets, natural numbers, and functions. Discussions focus on groups of transformations, composition of functions, an axiomatic approach to natural numbers, intersection of sets, axioms of the algebra of sets, fields of sets, prepositional functions of one variable, and difference of sets. The text then takes a look at generalized unions and intersections of sets, Cartesian products of sets, and equivalence relations. The book ponders on powers of sets, ordered sets, and linearly ordered sets. Topics include isomorphism of linearly ordered sets, dense linear ordering, maximal and minimal elements, quasi-ordering relations, inequalities for cardinal numbers, sets of the power of the continuum, and Cantor's theorem. The manuscript then examines elementary concepts of abstract algebras, functional calculus and its applications in mathematical proofs, and propositional calculus and its applications in mathematical proofs. The publication is a valuable reference for mathematicians and researchers interested in modern mathematics.

  • Numerical Methods of Mathematical Optimization

    With ALGOL and FORTRAN Programs
    • 1st Edition
    • Hans P. Künzi + 2 more
    • Werner Rheinboldt
    • English
    Numerical Methods of Mathematical Optimization: With ALGOL and FORTRAN Programs reviews the theory and the practical application of the numerical methods of mathematical optimization. An ALGOL and a FORTRAN program was developed for each one of the algorithms described in the theoretical section. This should result in easy access to the application of the different optimization methods. Comprised of four chapters, this volume begins with a discussion on the theory of linear and nonlinear optimization, with the main stress on an easily understood, mathematically precise presentation. In addition to the theoretical considerations, several algorithms of importance to the numerical application of optimization theory are described. The next chapter explains the computer programs used in actual optimization, which have the form of procedures or subroutines. The book concludes with an analysis of ALGOL and FORTRAN, paying particular attention to their use in global optimization procedures as well as for the simplex and duoplex methods and the decomposition, Gomory, Beale, and Wolfe algorithms. This monograph will be helpful to students and practitioners of computer science and applied mathematics.

  • Applied Nonlinear Analysis

    Proceedings of an International Conference on Applied Nonlinear Analysis, Held at the University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, April 20–22, 1978
    • 1st Edition
    • V. Lakshmikantham
    • English
    Applied Nonlinear Analysis contains the proceedings of an International Conference on Applied Nonlinear Analysis, held at the University of Texas at Arlington, on April 20-22, 1978. The papers explore advances in applied nonlinear analysis, with emphasis on reaction-diffusion equations; optimization theory; constructive techniques in numerical analysis; and applications to physical and life sciences. In the area of reaction-diffusion equations, the discussions focus on nonlinear oscillations; rotating spiral waves; stability and asymptotic behavior; discrete-time models in population genetics; and predator-prey systems. In optimization theory, the following topics are considered: inverse and ill-posed problems with application to geophysics; conjugate gradients; and quasi-Newton methods with applications to large-scale optimization; sequential conjugate gradient-restoration algorithm for optimal control problems with non-differentiable constraints; differential geometric methods in nonlinear programming; and equilibria in policy formation games with random voting. In the area of constructive techniques in numerical analysis, numerical and approximate solutions of boundary value problems for ordinary and partial differential equations are examined, along with finite element analysis and constructive techniques for accretive and monotone operators. In addition, the book explores turbulent fluid flows; stability problems for Hopf bifurcation; product integral representation of Volterra equations with delay; weak solutions of variational problems, nonlinear integration on measures; and fixed point theory. This monograph will be helpful to students, practitioners, and researchers in the field of mathematics.

  • Computer Capacity Planning

    Theory and Practice
    • 1st Edition
    • Shui F. Lam + 1 more
    • English
    Computer Capacity Planning: Theory and Practice deals with the theory and practice of computer capacity planning. Topics covered range from the tasks involved in computer capacity planning (inventory, workload measures and characterization, performance measurement, etc.) to environmental influences on computer capacity planning practices. An empirical study of computer capacity planning practices is also discussed, and the component approach is compared with the system modeling approach. Comprised of six chapters, this book begins with an introduction to the theories and techniques on computer capacity planning, along with the significance of computer capacity planning and the major elements in the process of computer capacity planning. The functions of each element are explained and the various techniques and tools for carrying out these functions are presented. The next chapter shows how these elements can be tied together to achieve the objective of computer capacity planning, that is, matching computer resources to computer workload in a cost-effective manner. The second part of the book examines how different organizations may adopt different capacity planning methods and how to improve the applicability of the theory and the quality of the practice on computer capacity planning. This monograph should be of interest to researchers, data processing managers, and analysts including those in charge of computer capacity planning and performance evaluation; auditors and quality assurance personnel; equipment manufacturers and software developers; and students in information sciences.

  • Object-Oriented Design and Programming with C++

    Your Hands-On Guide to C++ Programming, with Special Emphasis on Design, Testing, and Reuse
    • 1st Edition
    • Ronald Leach
    • English
    Object-Oriented Design and Programming with C++: Your Hands-On Guide to C++ Programming, with Special Emphasis on Design, Testing, and Reuse provides a list of software engineering principles to guide the software development process. This book presents the fundamentals of the C++ language. Organized into two parts encompassing 10 chapters, this book begins with an overview of C++ and describes object-oriented programming and the history of C++. This text then introduces classes, polymorphism, inheritance, and overloading. Other chapters consider the C++ preprocessor and organization of class libraries. This book discusses as well the scope rules, separate compilation, class libraries, and their organization, exceptions, browsers, and exception handling. The final chapter deals with the design of a moderately complex system that provides file system stimulation. This book is a valuable resource for readers who are reasonably familiar with the C programming language and want to understand the issues in object-oriented programming using C++.

  • Topology

    Volume II
    • 1st Edition
    • K. Kuratowski
    • English
    Topology, Volume II deals with topology and covers topics ranging from compact spaces and connected spaces to locally connected spaces, retracts, and neighborhood retracts. Group theory and some cutting problems are also discussed, along with the topology of the plane. Comprised of seven chapters, this volume begins with a discussion on the compactness of a topological space, paying particular attention to Borel, Lebesgue, Riesz, Cantor, and Bolzano-Weierstrass conditions. Semi-continuity and topics in dimension theory are also considered. The reader is then introduced to the connectedness of a space, with emphasis on the general properties and monotone mappings of connected spaces; local connectedness of a topological space; absolute retracts and contractible spaces; and general properties of commutative groups. Qualitative problems related to polygonal arcs are also examined, together with cohomotopic multiplication and duality theorems. The final chapter is devoted to the topology of a plane and evaluates the concept of the Janiszewski space. This monograph will be helpful to students and practitioners of algebra and mathematics.

  • Fractal Attraction™

    a Fractal Design System for the Macintosh®
    • 1st Edition
    • Kevin D. Lee + 1 more
    • English
    Fractal Attraction™: A Fractal Design System for the Macintosh® provides information pertinent to fractal attraction, a Macintosh application. This book introduces the Iterated Function Systems (IFS). Organized into eight chapters, this book begins with an overview of the standard and enhanced versions of fractal attraction. This text then explains the ideas and basic principles behind generating fractals based on sets of equations. Other chapters explain an alternative algorithm, the random algorithm, and how to use it. This book discusses as well the Design window wherein the user can translate, rotate, shear, and re-size transformations all by pointing, clicking and dragging. The final chapter deals with an overview of the windows and the menu items are explained in detail. This book is a valuable resource for readers who are interested in using fractal attraction application.

  • Minicomputers

    • 1st Edition
    • Peter C. Sanderson
    • English
    Minicomputers illustrate some of the potential pitfalls and benefits that can be gained if a minicomputer system is chosen wisely. This book is divided into five chapters—introductio... software, programming, selecting the minicomputer system, and applications. This text specifically discusses the advantages of the minicomputer, peripheral devices for minicomputer systems, arithmetical software, and operating systems. The nature of programming language, typical minicomputer assembly language functions, and feasibility study are also elaborated. This monograph likewise covers the preparation of tender, original equipment manufacturers (OEM) applications, and unusual applications of minicomputers. This publication is beneficial to all potential users such as scientists, research workers, process control engineers, and business managers, including educationalists concerned with computer education.

  • A Guidebook to Fortran on Supercomputers

    • 1st Edition
    • John M. Levesque + 1 more
    • English
    A Guidebook to Fortran on Supercomputers presents in detail both the underlying architecture of supercomputers and the manner by which a compiler maps Fortran code onto that architecture. This book outlines the constructs preventing full optimization and provides specific strategies for restructuring a program. Organized into four chapters, this book begins with an overview of the basic concepts of vector, scalar, and parallel processing. This text then provides an in-depth look at the architectural features of a variety of existing machines, with emphasis to the features common to many of them. Other chapters consider the optimization techniques used by compilers and how a programmer can take advantage of this knowledge in restructuring existing programs and in the development of new applications. The final chapter presents examples of loops from real-world programs, with a discussion of the inherent problems. This book is a valuable resource for scientists, engineers, students, and research workers.

  • Functional Equations in Probability Theory

    • 1st Edition
    • Ramachandran Balasubrahmanyan + 1 more
    • English
    Functional Equations in Probability Theory deals with functional equations in probability theory and covers topics ranging from the integrated Cauchy functional equation (ICFE) to stable and semistable laws. The problem of identical distribution of two linear forms in independent and identically distributed random variables is also considered, with particular reference to the context of the common distribution of these random variables being normal. Comprised of nine chapters, this volume begins with an introduction to Cauchy functional equations as well as distribution functions and characteristic functions. The discussion then turns to the nonnegative solutions of ICFE on R+; ICFE with a signed measure; and application of ICFE to the characterization of probability distributions. Subsequent chapters focus on stable and semistable laws; ICFE with error terms on R+; independent/identica... distributed linear forms and the normal laws; and distribution problems relating to the arc-sine, the normal, and the chi-square laws. The final chapter is devoted to ICFE on semigroups of Rd. This book should be of interest to mathematicians and statisticians.

  • Robustness in Statistics

    • 1st Edition
    • Robert L. Launer + 1 more
    • English
    Robustness in Statistics contains the proceedings of a Workshop on Robustness in Statistics held on April 11-12, 1978, at the Army Research Office in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. The papers review the state of the art in statistical robustness and cover topics ranging from robust estimation to the robustness of residual displays and robust smoothing. The application of robust regression to trajectory data reduction is also discussed. Comprised of 14 chapters, this book begins with an introduction to robust estimation, paying particular attention to iteration schemes and error structure of estimators. Sensitivity and influence curves as well as their connection with jackknife estimates are described. The reader is then introduced to a simple analog of trimmed means that can be used for studying residuals from a robust point-of-view; a class of robust estimators (called P-estimators) based on the location and scale-invariant Pitman estimators of location; and robust estimation in the presence of outliers. Subsequent chapters deal with robust regression and its use to reduce trajectory data; tests for censoring of extreme values, especially when population distributions are incompletely defined; and robust estimation for time series autoregressions. This monograph should be of interest to mathematicians and statisticians.

  • Designing Information Systems

    • 1st Edition
    • Stanley G. Blethyn + 1 more
    • English
    Designing Information Systems focuses on the processes, methodologies, and approaches involved in designing information systems. The book first describes systems, management and control, and how to design information systems. Discussions focus on documents produced from the functional construction function, users, operators, analysts, programmers and others, process management and control, levels of management, open systems, design of management information systems, and business system description, partitioning, and leveling. The text then takes a look at functional specification and functional analysis, procedures and rules, and data modeling and data analysis. Concerns cover charting conventions and data modeling concepts, domains and domain integrity, deciding the most appropriate design solutions, and presentation of solutions to the user community. The manuscript examines implementation, user participation, aspects of human-computer interaction, project management, and system evaluation. Topics include appraisal of the simple approach, system evaluation with multiple purposes, data flows, data analysis and the data model, approaches to user involvement, and post-implementation evaluation and audit. The text is a valuable source of data for computer programmers and researchers wanting to explore how information systems are designed.

  • Teaching Machines and Programming

    • 1st Edition
    • K. Austwick
    • English
    Teaching Machines and Programming covers the significant developments in teaching machines and automated teaching, as well as the major theoretical issues and attributes involved in these procedures. After a brief introduction to teaching machine procedures, this six-chapter text goes on summarizing the industrial and military applications of teaching machines. The succeeding chapters consider the underlying theory, function, and schema of the adaptive teaching system, which are related to recognizable teaching functions performed by a human tutor. The last chapters discuss the development and features of linear programs and their application as new teaching aid. These chapters also look into some practical problems arising in programming for schools. This book will prove useful to computer programmers, school administrators, teachers, and students.

  • Contributions to Statistics

    • 1st Edition
    • P. C. Mahalanobis
    • C. R. Rao
    • English
    Contributions to Statistics focuses on the processes, methodologies, and approaches involved in statistics. The book is presented to Professor P. C. Mahalanobis on the occasion of his 70th birthday. The selection first offers information on the recovery of ancillary information and combinatorial properties of partially balanced designs and association schemes. Discussions focus on combinatorial applications of the algebra of association matrices, sample size analogy, association matrices and the algebra of association schemes, and conceptual statistical experiments. The book then examines lattice sampling by means of Lahiri's sampling scheme; contributions of interpenetrating networks of samples; and apparently unconnected problems encountered in sampling work. The publication takes a look at screening processes, place of the design of experiments in the logic of scientific inference, and rarefaction. Topics include mathematical probability, scientific experience, combinatorial progress, gains and losses, criterion and scores, simple drug screening process, and screening of crop varieties. The manuscript then reviews the estimation and interpretation of gross differences and the simple response variance; partially balanced asymmetrical factorial designs; and approximation of distributions of sums of independent summands by infinitely divisible distributions. The selection is a dependable reference for statisticians and researchers interested in the processes, methodologies, and approaches employed in statistics.

  • A New Approach to Scientific Computation

    • 1st Edition
    • Ulrich W. Kulisch + 1 more
    • English
    A New Approach to Scientific Computation is a collection of papers delivered at a symposium held at the IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center on August 3, 1982. The symposium provided a forum for reviewing various aspects of an approach to scientific computation based on a systematic theory of computer arithmetic. Computer demonstration packages for standard problems of numerical mathematics are considered. Comprised of 12 chapters, this volume begins by summarizing an extensive research activity in scientific computation as well as the experience gained through various implementations of a new approach to arithmetic on diverse processors, including even microprocessors. A complete listing of the spaces that occur in numerical computations is presented, followed by a discussion of aspects of traditional computer arithmetic and a new definition of computer arithmetic. The properties of semimorphisms are also considered. Subsequent chapters focus on potential applications of programming packages to standard problems in numerical analysis implemented on a Z80 based minicomputer, with a PASCAL extension called PASCAL-SC as the programming language; methods for solving algebraic problems with high accuracy; and the use of a computer with floating-point arithmetic to obtain guaranteed sharp bounds for the value of an arithmetic expression. An extension of FORTRAN which satisfies contemporary requirements of numerical computation is also described. This book will be helpful to students and practitioners in the fields of computer science and applied mathematics.

  • Essentials of Elementary School Mathematics

    • 1st Edition
    • Max D. Larsen + 1 more
    • English
    Essentials of Elementary School Mathematics is an introductory text on the essentials of mathematics taught in elementary schools. It presents a systematic development of the mathematics of arithmetic. A primary objective is to give students a background sufficient to understand and answer at an appropriate level the various quite penetrating questions asked by young students. Some examples and exercises are concerned primarily with pedagogical aspects of arithmetic. Comprised of 14 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the language of mathematics, focusing on concepts such as the conjunction (and); negation (not); disjunction (or); and conditional (if...then...). The discussion then turns to the theory of sets; the concept of binary operations; and recognition and identification of properties of various relations. The next section deals with the number systems of arithmetic: whole numbers, integers, rational numbers, and real numbers. Number theory and clock arithmetic are also examined, along with counting techniques and probability. The final section is devoted to motion geometry and analytic geometry. This monograph should be of interest to students and teachers of mathematicians at the elementary level.

  • Artificial Intelligence and Tutoring Systems

    Computational and Cognitive Approaches to the Communication of Knowledge
    • 1st Edition
    • Etienne Wenger
    • English
    Artificial Intelligence and Tutoring Systems: Computational and Cognitive Approaches to the Communication of Knowledge focuses on the cognitive approaches, methodologies, principles, and concepts involved in the communication of knowledge. The publication first elaborates on knowledge communication systems, basic issues, and tutorial dialogues. Concerns cover natural reasoning and tutorial dialogues, shift from local strategies to multiple mental models, domain knowledge, pedagogical knowledge, implicit versus explicit encoding of knowledge, knowledge communication, and practical and theoretical implications. The text then examines interactive simulations, existing CAI traditions, and learning environments. The manuscript elaborates on knowledge communication, didactics, and diagnosis. Topics include knowledge presentation and communication, pedagogical contexts, target levels of didactic operations, behavioral and epistemic diagnosis, and aspects of diagnostic experience. The publication is a dependable reference for researchers interested in the computational and cognitive approaches to the communication of knowledge.

  • Pathology, Vector Studies, and Culture

    • 1st Edition
    • Julius P. Kreier
    • English
    Malaria: Volume 2, Pathology, Vector Studies, and Culture is a collection of papers that deals with erythrocyte destruction mechanism in malaria, the pathology of malaria, colonization of laboratory mosquitoes, and their transmission of plasmodia. Other papers describe the culture of the invertebrate stages of plasmodia, of mosquito tissues, and also of erythrocytic and exoerythrocytic stages of plasmodia. One paper constructs a model to show the roles of the different destructive and regenerative processes in the mechanisms of erythrocyte destruction in malaria. Another paper describes the organ changes and physiopathological mechanism connected with Plasmodium infection. These organs concern the spleen, liver, heart, and vascular system. One paper reviews the procedures involved in malaria transmission by mosquitoes, as well as some specialized procedures unique in avian, rodent, simian, and human malarias. Another paper discusses the benefits and drawbacks of a culture medium based on the composition of adult anopheline hemolymph. This medium should lead to a rapid growth rate in primary cultures of mosquito cells and a shorter interval of adaptation for continuous cell lines. The collection can prove useful for pharmacologists, general medical practitioners, investigators, and laboratory technicians involved in mosquito borne diseases or tropical medicine research.

  • Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence

    Proceedings of the Ninth Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence, The Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. 1993
    • 1st Edition
    • David Heckerman + 1 more
    • English
    Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence contains the proceedings of the Ninth Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence held at the Catholic University of America in Washington, DC, on July 9-11, 1993. The papers focus on methods of reasoning and decision making under uncertainty as applied to problems in artificial intelligence (AI) and cover topics ranging from knowledge acquisition and automated model construction to learning, planning, temporal reasoning, and machine vision. Comprised of 66 chapters, this book begins with a discussion on causality in Bayesian belief networks before turning to a decision theoretic account of conditional ought statements that rectifies glaring deficiencies in classical deontic logic and forms a sound basis for qualitative decision theory. Subsequent chapters explore trade-offs in constructing and evaluating temporal influence diagrams; normative engineering risk management systems; additive belief-network models; and sensitivity analysis for probability assessments in Bayesian networks. Automated model construction and learning as well as algorithms for inference and decision making are also considered. This monograph will be of interest to both students and practitioners in the fields of AI and computer science.

  • Multivariate Analysis—III

    Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Multivariate Analysis Held at Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio, June 19-24, 1972
    • 1st Edition
    • Paruchuri R. Krishnaiah
    • English
    Multivariate Analysis — III contains the proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Multivariate Analysis held at Wright State University in Dayton, Ohio, on June 19-24, 1972. The papers explore the theory and applications of multivariate analysis and cover areas such as time series and stochastic processes; distribution theory and inference; characteristic functions and characterizations; and design and analysis of experiments. Classification, modeling, and reliability are also discussed. Comprised of 27 chapters, this volume begins with an introduction to two-dimensional random fields, giving results for a class of Gaussian processes with a multidimensional time parameter. The next chapter deals with concepts of consistency in spectral estimation for multivariate time series and considers the alternative of estimating the spectral distribution function or the spectral density function. Abstract martingales and ergodic theory are also examined, along with methods for assessing multivariate normality; inference and redundant parameters; characterization of the multivariate geometric distribution; and max-min designs in the analysis of variance. This monograph will be useful to statisticians and probabilists, as well as to scientists in other disciplines who are broadly interested in multivariate analysis.

  • The Spectral Analysis of Time Series

    Probability and Mathematical Statistics, Vol. 22
    • 1st Edition
    • L. H. Koopmans
    • Z. W. Birnbaum + 1 more
    • English
    The Spectral Analysis of Time Series describes the techniques and theory of the frequency domain analysis of time series. The book discusses the physical processes and the basic features of models of time series. The central feature of all models is the existence of a spectrum by which the time series is decomposed into a linear combination of sines and cosines. The investigator can used Fourier decompositions or other kinds of spectrals in time series analysis. The text explains the Wiener theory of spectral analysis, the spectral representation for weakly stationary stochastic processes, and the real spectral representation. The book also discusses sampling, aliasing, discrete-time models, linear filters that have general properties with applications to continuous-time processes, and the applications of multivariate spectral models. The text describes finite parameter models, the distribution theory of spectral estimates with applications to statistical inference, as well as sampling properties of spectral estimates, experimental design, and spectral computations. The book is intended either as a textbook or for individual reading for one-semester or two-quarter course for students of time series analysis users. It is also suitable for mathematicians or professors of calculus, statistics, and advanced mathematics.

  • Foundations of General Topology

    • 1st Edition
    • William J. Pervin
    • Ralph P. Boas
    • English
    Foundations of General Topology presents the value of careful presentations of proofs and shows the power of abstraction. This book provides a careful treatment of general topology. Organized into 11 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the important notions about cardinal and ordinal numbers. This text then presents the fundamentals of general topology in logical order processing from the most general case of a topological space to the restrictive case of a complete metric space. Other chapters consider a general method for completing a metric space that is applicable to the rationals and present the sufficient conditions for metrizability. This book discusses as well the study of spaces of real-valued continuous functions. The final chapter deals with uniform continuity of functions, which involves finding a distance that satisfies certain requirements for all points of the space simultaneously. This book is a valuable resource for students and research workers.

  • Population Dynamics

    Proceedings of a Symposium Conducted by the Mathematics Research Center The University of Wisconsin, Madison June 19–21, 1972
    • 1st Edition
    • T. N. E. Greville
    • English
    Population Dynamics covers the proceedings of a symposium conducted by the Mathematics Research Center, The University of Wisconsin, Madison on June 19-21, 1972. The book focuses on the application of mathematics to the study of human population growth. The selection first offers information on population waves and the properties of a stochastic attraction model. Discussions focus on social distance, limiting behavior of the model, mathematical development, population increase and retirement pensions, natural periodicity in the demographic system, trends in generational stability, mobility in unstable populations, and the Easterlin effect. The text then takes a look at the sampling frame as a determinant of observed distributions of duration variables and comparison of alternative marriage models, including plausible marriage models, axioms for marriage functions, birth intervals, and computer simulation of prospective and interior birth interval lengths. The manuscript ponders on contraceptive impact over several generations, estimation of the risk of conception from censored data, and influence of cause of death structure on age-patterns of mortality. Topics include distributions of conception times, simulation of experiments, potential fertility of users, and length of protection. The selection is a valuable reference for researchers interested in population dynamics.

  • Linear Regression and Its Application to Economics

    • 1st Edition
    • Zdzisław Hellwig
    • English
    Linear Regression and its Application to Economics presents the economic applications of regression theory. This book discusses the importance of linear regression for multi-dimensional variables. Organized into six chapters, this book begins with an overview of the elementary concepts and the more important definitions and theorems concerning two-dimensional and multi-dimensional random variables. This text then examines the important applications of correlation methods to economics. Other chapters consider the methods of estimating regression parameters. This book discusses as well the methods of testing some statistical hypotheses relevant for practical applications of the correlation analysis. The final chapter deals with the fact that correlation methods can be used not only in static but also in dynamic research. This book is a valuable resource for scientists in economic, agricultural, and technical colleges who deal with economic problems in their research. Graduates of economic and technical colleges employed in different branches of the national economy will also find this book useful.

  • French's Index of Differential Diagnosis

    • 11th Edition
    • F. Dudley Hart
    • English
    French's Index of Differential Diagnosis, 11th Edition focuses on treatise on the application of differential diagnosis to all the main signs and symptoms of diseases. The book covers surgery, gynecology, ophthalmology, dermatology, and neurology. The manuscript first ponders on anemia, angioma, antisocial behavior, anxiety, ascites, ataxia, abnormal blood pressure, bradycardia, foulness of breath, and pain in breast. The book then discusses confabulation, cramps, cyanosis, cystinuria, delusions, dementia, diarrhea, diplopia, depression, erythema, and inflammation of eye. The publication takes a look at indigestion, impotence, insomnia, jaundice, keloid, marasmus, muscular atrophy, nasal obstruction, nausea, nasal discharge, swelling of neck, obesity, palpitations, and pelvic swelling. The manuscript also reviews loss of weight, vertigo, vomiting, defects of vision, vaginal discharge, vaginal swelling, sore throat, pain in tongue, trismus, grinding of teeth during sleep, and snoring. The book is a vital reference for researchers wanting to study differential diagnosis.

  • Computer Programming and Computer Systems

    • 1st Edition
    • Anthony Hassitt
    • Anthony Ralston
    • English
    Computer Programming and Computer Systems imparts a “reading knowledge” of computer systems. This book describes the aspects of machine-language programming, monitor systems, computer hardware, and advanced programming that every thorough programmer should be acquainted with. This text discusses the automatic electronic digital computers, symbolic language, Reverse Polish Notation, and Fortran into assembly language. The routine for reading blocked tapes, dimension statements in subroutines, general-purpose input routine, and efficient use of memory are also elaborated. This publication is intended as an introduction to modern programming practices for professional programmers, but is also valuable to research workers in science, engineering, academic, and industrial fields who are using computers.

  • Introduction to Finite Geometries

    • 1st Edition
    • F. Kárteszi
    • English
    North-Holland Texts in Advanced Mathematics: Introduction to Finite Geometries focuses on the advancements in finite geometries, including mapping and combinatorics. The manuscript first offers information on the basic concepts on finite geometries and Galois geometries. Discussions focus on linear mapping of a given quadrangle onto another given quadrangle; point configurations of order 2 on a Galois plane of even order; canonical equation of curves of the second order on the Galois planes of even order; and set of collineations mapping a Galois plane onto itself. The text then ponders on geometrical configurations and nets, as well as pentagon theorem and the Desarguesian configuration, two pentagons inscribed into each other, and the concept of geometrical nets. The publication takes a look at combinatorial applications of finite geometries and combinatorics and finite geometries. Topics include generalizations of the Petersen graph, combinatorial extremal problem, and theorem of closure of the hyperbolic space. The book is a valuable source of data for readers interested in finite geometries.

  • Mathematical Methods and Theory in Games, Programming, and Economics

    Matrix Games, Programming, and Mathematical Economics
    • 1st Edition
    • Samuel Karlin
    • Z. W. Birnbaum
    • English
    Matrix Games, Programming, and Mathematical Economics deals with game theory, programming theory, and techniques of mathematical economics in a single systematic theory. The principles of game theory and programming are applied to simplified problems related to economic models, business decisions, and military tactics. The book explains the theory of matrix games and some of the tools used in the analysis of matrix games. The text describes optimal strategies for matrix games which have two basic properties, as well as the construction of optimal strategies. The book investigates the structure of sets of solutions of discrete matrix games, with emphasis on the class of games whose solutions are unique. The examples show the use of dominance concepts, symmetries, and probabilistic arguments that emphasize the principles of game theory. One example involves two opposing political parties in an election campaign, particularly, how they should distribute their advertising efforts for wider exposure. The text also investigates how to determine an optimal program from several choices that results with the maximum or minimum objective. The book also explores the analogs of the duality theorem, the equivalence of game problems to linear programming problems, and also the inter-industry nonlinear activity analysis model requiring special mathematical methods. The text will prove helpful for students in advanced mathematics and calculus. It can be appreciated by mathematicians, engineers, economists, military strategists, or statisticians who formulate decisions using mathematical analysis and linear programming.

  • A First Course in Linear Algebra

    • 1st Edition
    • Daniel Zelinsky
    • Samuel S. Saslaw
    • English
    A First Course in Linear Algebra provides an introduction to the algebra and geometry of vectors, matrices, and linear transformations. This book is designed as a background for second-year courses in calculus of several variables and differential equations where the theory of linear differential equations parallels that of linear algebraic equations. The topics discussed include the multiplication of vectors by scalars, vectors in n-space, planes and lines, and composites of linear mappings. The symmetric matrices and mappings, quadratic forms, change of coordinates, and effect of change of basis on matrices of linear functions are also described. This text likewise considers the computation of determinants, diagonalizable transformations, computation of eigenvalues and eigenvectors, and principal axis theorem. This publication is suitable for college students taking a course in linear algebra.

  • Elements of Probability Theory

    • 1st Edition
    • L. Z. Rumshiskii
    • English
    Elements of Probability Theory presents the methods of the theory of probability. This book is divided into seven chapters that discuss the general rule for the multiplication of probabilities, the fundamental properties of the subject matter, and the classical definition of probability. The introductory chapters deal with the functions of random variables; continuous random variables; numerical characteristics of probability distributions; center of the probability distribution of a random variable; definition of the law of large numbers; stability of the sample mean and the method of moments; and Chebyshev’s theorem. The next chapters consider the limit theorem of de Moivre-Laplace and the solution of two fundamental problems in the theory of errors. The discussion then shifts to the best linear approximation to the regression function. The concluding chapters look into the central limit theorem of Lyapunov and the significance of the value of the coefficient of correlation. The book can provide useful information to the statisticians, students, and researchers.

  • Statistical Methods

    • 1st Edition
    • Stefan Szulc
    • English
    Statistical Methods provides a discussion of the principles of the organization and technique of research, with emphasis on its application to the problems in social statistics. This book discusses branch statistics, which aims to develop practical ways of collecting and processing numerical data and to adapt general statistical methods to the objectives in a given field. Organized into five parts encompassing 22 chapters, this book begins with an overview of how to organize the collection of such information on individual units, primarily as accomplished by government agencies. This text then examines the other types of statistical series such as geographical, time, and structural series. Other chapters consider several types of relative numbers and analyze some related problems in greater detail. This book discusses as well the methods of analysis of interdependence between the characteristics deals with these methods. The final chapter deals with cases in which partial research is either an incorrect form of pseudo-sampling survey. This book is a valuable resource for economists.

  • Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Data and Knowledge Bases

    Improving Usability and Responsiveness
    • 1st Edition
    • C. Beeri + 2 more
    • English
    Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Data and Knowledge Bases: Improving Usability and Responsiveness compiles papers presented at the Third International Conference on Data and Knowledge Bases held in Jerusalem, Israel on June 28-30, 1988. This book discusses the management system for graph-like documents, selection of processing strategies for different recursive queries, and supporting concurrent access to facts in logic programs. The design considerations for a Prolog database engine, experience with the domain algebra, and two level transaction management in a multiprocessor database machine are also described. This publication likewise covers the non-deterministic choice in Datalog and locally balanced compact Trie Hashing. This compilation is a good source for researchers and specialists of disciplines related to computer science.

  • Arches

    Tables for Statistical Analyses
    • 1st Edition
    • Jan Szymczyk
    • Jerzy Mutermilch
    • English
    Arches: Tables for Statistical Analyses presents a table used for simplifying the calculations of numerical determination of the magnitude of the internal forces in various cross-sections. After the evaluation of the redundancies, one of the stages in the analysis of statistically indeterminate arches is for the investigator to determine the magnitudes of the normal forces and bending moments at various cross-sections. A large number of sections should be considered in order for the investigator to get an accurate picture of the distribution of the generalized internal forces. Such number of sections varies between 10 and 20. To simplify the calculations, the book supplements the main tables for the vertical and horizontal components of reactions by auxiliary tables. These auxiliary tables give the magnitudes of normal forces and bending moments for cases usually encountered in actual practice. The book also explains the use of coefficients in the analysis of two-pinned arches with unyielding supports. The text can be useful for mathematicians, statisticians, and scientific investigators who have to deal with the analysis of numerical data.

  • A Treatise on Trigonometric Series

    Volume 1
    • 1st Edition
    • N. K. Bary
    • English
    A Treatise on Trigonometric Series, Volume 1 deals comprehensively with the classical theory of Fourier series. This book presents the investigation of best approximations of functions by trigonometric polynomials. Organized into six chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the fundamental concepts and theorems in the theory of trigonometric series, which play a significant role in mathematics and in many of its applications. This text then explores the properties of the Fourier coefficient function and estimates the rate at which its Fourier coefficients tend to zero. Other chapters consider some tests for the convergence of a Fourier series at a given point. This book discusses as well the conditions under which the series does converge uniformly. The final chapter deals with adjustment of a summable function outside a given perfect set. This book is a valuable resource for advanced students and research workers. Mathematicians will also find this book useful.

  • Differential and Riemannian Geometry

    • 1st Edition
    • Detlef Laugwitz
    • English
    Differential and Riemannian Geometry focuses on the methodologies, calculations, applications, and approaches involved in differential and Riemannian geometry. The book first offers information on local differential geometry of space curves and surfaces and tensor calculus and Riemannian geometry. Discussions focus on tensor algebra and analysis, concept of a differentiable manifold, geometry of a space with affine connection, intrinsic geometry of surfaces, curvature of surfaces, and surfaces and curves on surfaces. The manuscript then examines further development and applications of Riemannian geometry and selections from differential geometry in the large, including curves and surfaces in the large, spaces of constant curvature and non-Euclidean geometry, Riemannian spaces and analytical dynamics, and metric differential geometry and characterizations of Riemannian geometry. The publication elaborates on prerequisite theorems of analysis, as well as the existence and uniqueness theorem for ordinary first-order differential equations and systems of equations and integrability theory for systems of first-order partial differential equations. The book is a valuable reference for researchers interested in differential and Riemannian geometry.

  • An Introduction to Probability and Mathematical Statistics

    • 1st Edition
    • Howard G. Tucker
    • Ralph P. Boas
    • English
    An Introduction to Probability and Mathematical Statistics provides information pertinent to the fundamental aspects of probability and mathematical statistics. This book covers a variety of topics, including random variables, probability distributions, discrete distributions, and point estimation. Organized into 13 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the definition of function. This text then examines the notion of conditional or relative probability. Other chapters consider Cochran's theorem, which is of extreme importance in that part of statistical inference known as analysis of variance. This book discusses as well the fundamental principles of testing statistical hypotheses by providing the reader with an idea of the basic problem and its relation to practice. The final chapter deals with the problem of estimation and the Neyman theory of confidence intervals. This book is a valuable resource for undergraduate university students who are majoring in mathematics. Students who are majoring in physics and who are inclined toward abstract mathematics will also find this book useful.

  • Readings in Fuzzy Sets for Intelligent Systems

    • 1st Edition
    • Didier J. Dubois + 2 more
    • English
    Readings in Fuzzy Sets for Intelligent Systems is a collection of readings that explore the main facets of fuzzy sets and possibility theory and their use in intelligent systems. Basic notions in fuzzy set theory are discussed, along with fuzzy control and approximate reasoning. Uncertainty and informativeness, information processing, and membership, cognition, neural networks, and learning are also considered. Comprised of eight chapters, this book begins with a historical background on fuzzy sets and possibility theory, citing some forerunners who discussed ideas or formal definitions very close to the basic notions introduced by Lotfi Zadeh (1978). The reader is then introduced to fundamental concepts in fuzzy set theory, including symmetric summation and the setting of fuzzy logic; uncertainty and informativeness; and fuzzy control. Subsequent chapters deal with approximate reasoning; information processing; decision and management sciences; and membership, cognition, neural networks, and learning. Numerical methods for fuzzy clustering are described, and adaptive inference in fuzzy knowledge networks is analyzed. This monograph will be of interest to both students and practitioners in the fields of computer science, information science, applied mathematics, and artificial intelligence.

  • Microcomputer Design and Applications

    • 1st Edition
    • Samuel C. Lee
    • English
    Microcomputer Design and Applications provides information pertinent to the fundamental aspects of microcomputer design and applications. This book presents a design approach for multiple-processor computers. Organized into two parts encompassing 16 chapters, this book begins with an overview of a number system and supporting computational algorithms, which is especially useful for microcomputer control and digital signal processing. This text then presents an integrated technical and management-based method for developing microprocessor software. Other chapters consider file structures for a small-scale database system designed for microprocessor implementation and present the formulation of file structures for a typical microprocessor/flopp... disk system. This book discusses as well the proposed solution to specify a high-level, machine-oriented, structured programming language suitable for general microprocessors and to implement a portable compiler for this language. The final chapter deals with a distributed processing system for non-invasive cardiac surveillance. This book is a valuable resource for engineers and computer scientists.

  • Handbook of Differential Equations

    • 1st Edition
    • Daniel Zwillinger
    • English
    Handbook of Differential Equations is a handy reference to many popular techniques for solving and approximating differential equations, including exact analytical methods, approximate analytical methods, and numerical methods. Topics covered range from transformations and constant coefficient linear equations to finite and infinite intervals, along with conformal mappings and the perturbation method. Comprised of 180 chapters, this book begins with an introduction to transformations as well as general ideas about differential equations and how they are solved, together with the techniques needed to determine if a partial differential equation is well-posed or what the "natural" boundary conditions are. Subsequent sections focus on exact and approximate analytical solution techniques for differential equations, along with numerical methods for ordinary and partial differential equations. This monograph is intended for students taking courses in differential equations at either the undergraduate or graduate level, and should also be useful for practicing engineers or scientists who solve differential equations on an occasional basis.

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