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Elsevier

Books in Social sciences and humanities

  • Social Support, Life Events, and Depression

    • 1st Edition
    • Nan Lin + 2 more
    • English
    Social Support, Life Events, and Depression describes a research program that looked into the social process of mental health. This research program provided an arena for opportunities to explore many topics concerning the relationships among social support, life events, and mental health (primarily depressive symptoms). The volume is organized into six parts. Part I sets the background and scope of the study. Part II focuses on the dependent variable (depression), one of the two independent variables (life events], and the key control variable [psychological resources). Part III describes the measurement of social support. Part IV examines the basic models involving social support, life events, psychological resources, and depression. Part V proceeds to examine the reduced basic model in terms of a number of factors, such as age, sex, marital status, social class, and history of prior illness. Part VI discusses several specific issues regarding the dynamics of social support. This book is intended primarily for researchers, scientists, professionals, and instructors who are interested in examining both conceptual and methodological issues regarding social factors in mental health. Thus, those working in the area of public health, social and behavioral sciences, and medical professions may find this book useful. Because of the way the chapters are organized, it is possible for researchers and practitioners alike to select and read chapters pertinent to their specific interests.

  • Resources and Planning

    Pergamon Oxford Geographies
    • 1st Edition
    • Brian Goodall + 2 more
    • English
    Resources and Planning focuses on the trends, approaches, techniques, and emergence of new concepts in geography, as well as the use of models in planning endeavors. The selection first offers information on planning education and practice, including systems models and inner cities dilemma. The book also examines planning processes and mathematical modeling in land use planning. Topics include general assessment and development of urban modeling; extensions and developments of the gravity model; essential dualism of knowledge and action; science and design as problem-solving processes; and planning processes as social learning. The manuscript ponders on zone definition in spatial modeling and patterns of information use in planning, including problems and alternative approaches to zone system design. The text also concentrates on maps as source materials; quantitative developments in geography and planning in a practical reasoning framework; human's impact on climate with particular reference to energy balance changes; and climate and town planning. The book is a fine reference for readers interested in geography, particularly the trends, techniques, and approaches used in this discipline.

  • The Ocean Basins

    Their Structure and Evolution
    • 1st Edition
    • Joan Brown
    • Gerry Bearman
    • English
    This Volume describes the processes that shape ocean basins, determine the structure and composition of the ocean crust, and control the major features of the continental margins. Further subjects examined are the 'hot springs' of the deep oceans, the main pattern of sediment distribution in ocean basins including the recording of past climatic and sea-level changes, and the role of oceans as an integral part of global chemical cycles. Each Volume in this set is well laid out and copiously illustrated with full colour photographs, graphs and graphics. Questions to help develop arguments and/or understanding can be found in the text and at the end of each chapter, with worked answers provided at the back of each Volume. Each chapter also concludes with a sum mary to help consolidate understanding before the next chapter is begun.

  • Elements of Spatial Data Quality

    • 1st Edition
    • S.C. Guptill + 1 more
    • English
    Elements of Spatial Data Quality outlines the need and suggests potential categories for the content of a comprehensive statement of data quality that must be imbedded in the metadata that accompanies the transfer of a digital spatial data file or is available in a separate metadata catalog. Members of the International Cartographic Association's Commission on Spatial Data Quality have identified seven elements of data quality: positional accuracy, attribute accuracy, completeness, logical consistency, lineage, semantic accuracy and temporal information. In the book the authors describe: components of each data quality element, possible metrics that can be used to measure the quality of each criteria, possible testing and rating schemes, and how these parameters might differ from a producer or user point of view. Finally no volume of this nature would be complete without a chapter devoted to necessary future research in this subject area. The chapter points out areas in need of further investigation and speculates about the use and transfer of digital spatial data in tomorrow's electronic world and at developments in presenting specified data quality information in a visualization. This book will be of interest to all of those individuals involved in geographical information systems and spatial data handling.

  • The IEA Classroom Environment Study

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 4
    • Louise Anderson + 2 more
    • English
    This book reports the design, execution, and results of a cross-national study of classrooms in eight countries. Students were administered tests and completed questionnaires at the beginning and the end of the study. Teachers also completed questionnaires. Classrooms were visited by trained observers on the average of eight times during the study. The data were analyzed in a variety of ways: simple summaries, sequential analyses, and multivariate analyses. The results of these analyses are presented and discussed. Conclusions based on these findings as well as recommendations for further research are presented.

  • Suicide and Self-Damaging Behavior

    A Sociobiological Perspective
    • 1st Edition
    • Denys deCatanzaro
    • David T. Lykken
    • English
    Suicide and Self-Damaging Behavior: A Sociobiological Perspective reviews the status of suicide and other exceptions to the prevailing regularities of behavior. This book discusses the apparent anomaly of self-destructive behavior; current incidence of suicide and self-injury; self-destructiveness in other species; and biological fitness and social ecology of suicide. The pro-suicidal gene expression and natural selection; death concept; breakdown of other life-preserving factors with coping failure; and selection processes and altruism are also elaborated. This text likewise covers the chronic self-abuse, risk taking, and self-injurious or self-mutilative behavior. This publication is a good source for anthropologists, psychologists, sociologists, and social scientists concerned with self-destructive behavior.

  • Handbook of the Psychology of Aging

    • 3rd Edition
    • James E. Birren
    • English
    Handbook of the Psychology of Aging, Third Edition describes the psychology of adult development and aging. This book is organized into four parts encompassing 28 chapters that cover the basic behavioral changes and capacities occurring with advancing age. The first part deals with the history, concept, and models of the psychology of aging. This part also examines the distinctions between physical, biological, psychological, and social time or age. The second part explores the influences of racial, ethnic, and cultural factors on biological/health, social, and psychological aging processes. This part also surveys gender differences in aging. The third part describes numerous behavioral processes, changes, and patterns in advancing age. This part specifically considers the motivation, cognitive and motor performance, attentional processes, learning, memory, personality, and wisdom in aging. The fourth part focuses on the applications of the concepts and principles of aging to the individual and society. This book will be of great value to psychologists, researchers, and graduate students.

  • Engine Testing

    Theory and Practice
    • 1st Edition
    • Bozzano G Luisa
    • English
    Engine Testing: Theory and Practice brings together the information on both the theory and practice of engine testing that engineers in this field must have available. Organized into 19 chapters, this book begins with a description of the engine test cell, including the salient features of its main types. Subsequent chapters deal with the other main components of an engine testing installation: the control room and the ventilation systems. Other chapters discuss the essential features of a test installation fuel supply system, as well as the characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages of the various types of dynamometer. The measurements of torque, power, speed, fuel consumption, air consumption, heat loss, and mechanical loss are also explained. Other topics of significance include the process of combustion, exhaust emissions, data logging, and statistical analysis. This material will be very useful to practicing test engineers and students.

  • Amnesty International

    The Human Rights Story
    • 1st Edition
    • J. Power
    • English
    Traces the history of Amnesty International from its beginnings in 1961, describing the difficulties and disappointments, how the organization works, and its special campaigns. Includes case studies focusing on the Soviet Union, China, Africa, Brazil and South America and first hand information on current activities in Guatemala, El Salvador and Nicaragua. The book is illustrated by photographs from Amnesty's archives

  • Information Technology Standards

    Quest for the Common Byte
    • 1st Edition
    • Martin Libicki
    • English
    This book examines information technology standards and discusses what they are, what they do, how they originate, and how they evolve.While standards are important in improving system interoperability and thereby increasing economic productivity, they are unlikely to achieve their full potential due to a variety of factors, chief of which is the politics of the standard process itself.Libicki points out that the government is not likely the best source for designing and promoting standards. He does an excellent job of breaking down many complex technical issues and presenting them in a fashion that technical people can enjoy and policy makers can understand.

  • Smoking

    A Behavioral Analysis
    • 1st Edition
    • Bernard Mausner + 1 more
    • Arnold P. Goldstein + 1 more
    • English
    Smoking: A Behavioral Analysis is written by two experimental social psychologists. It focuses on the psychological aspect of smoking and the effects that role-playing has on it. Comprised of two parts, the first part deals with the reasons that people begin and continue smoking, the environmental and intra-individual support for smoking, the relationship of these supports, and the values and expectations concerning the effects of smoking. The second part details an experiment that uses role-playing to induce a change in smoking. It includes the background, design, procedure, and the implications of the experiment in the research and control of smoking. The book is a valuable reference for psychologists, medical doctors, experts, and lay people interested in smoking, smoking cessation, and the relationship of behavior to this habit.

  • Human Judgement and Decision Processes

    • 1st Edition
    • Martin F. Kaplan
    • English
    Human Judgment and Decision Processes is a collection of papers that covers the various theoretical frameworks that relate judgment to decision making. The book is comprised of 10 chapters that cover both mathematical models involved in decision making and interpersonal aspect of judgment process. The first five chapters cover papers about decision making. The subjects of the papers include multiattribute utility measurement for social decision making; portfolio theory and the measurement of risk; and information-integrat... analysis of risky decision making. The other half of the text deals with the judgment process, which includes topics such as interaction of judge and informational components; judgment and decision processes in the formation and change of social attitudes; and the role of probabilistic and syllogistic reasoning in cognitive organization and social inference. The book will be of great use to psychologists involved in research on human judgment and decision process.

  • A Decade of Federal Antipoverty Programs

    Achievements, Failures, and Lessons
    • 1st Edition
    • Robert H. Haveman
    • English
    A Decade of Federal Antipoverty Programs: Achievements, Failures, and Lessons presents papers on the war on poverty, dealing with its origins, its education, health, and income maintenance programs, and its community action, legal services, and antidiscrimination policies. The book discusses poverty and social policy in the 1960s and 1970s; the social and political context of the war on poverty; and a decade of policy developments in the income-maintenance system. The text also describes a decade of policy developments in improving education and training for low-income populations; a decade of policy developments in providing health care for low-income families; and the mobilization of low-income communities through community action. 10 Years of legal services for the poor; and a decade of policy-developments in equal opportunities in employment and housing are also considered. Historians and people involved in political sciences will find the book invaluable.

  • Assessment Centers and Managerial Performance

    • 1st Edition
    • George C. Thornton III + 1 more
    • Peter Warr
    • English
    Assessment Centers and Managerial Performance presents the historical development of multiple assessment procedures with focus on those advances relevant to assessment centers. This book discusses the models of job analysis, the nature of managerial work, work-sampling assessment methods, and the process of human judgment based on the assessment center experience. Organized into 11 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the various methods to describe, evaluate, and predict management effectiveness. This text then describes a number of assessment programs, including the earliest assessment centers. Other chapters consider the five approaches to predicting managerial effectiveness, including psychometric testing, clinical evaluations by psychologists, supervisor's ratings of potentials background interviews, and assessment centers. This book discusses as well the three levels of managerial jobs, namely, supervisory, middle management, and executive. The final chapter deals with the development of standards for assessment center operations. This book is a valuable resource for psychologists.

  • The Psychology of Dental Care

    Dental Handbooks
    • 2nd Edition
    • G.G. Kent + 1 more
    • English
    The Psychology of Dental Care, Second Edition provides information pertinent to the sociological aspects of dentistry. This book discusses the needs of patients who require particular forms of care, thereby helping the general dental practitioner to deal with nervous patients and enhance communication skills. Organized into seven chapters, this edition begins with an overview of some of the problems that dentists encounter in managing patients. This text then explains the importance of preventive care in oral health, which includes both educational and motivational approaches. Other chapters provide suggestions for designing a preventive program that can be adapted for the use of individual patients. This book discusses as well the various ways of measuring pain, which is important for the understanding of psychological approaches to pain relief. The final chapter deals with the dentist's attitudes, behavior, and personality that are important for the understanding of dental care. This book is a valuable resource for dentists and psychologists.

  • Casting and Moulding

    Foundry Techniques for Schools
    • 1st Edition
    • John Bolan
    • English
    Casting and Moulding: Foundry Techniques for Schools attempts to present certain aspects of foundry work in a simple and accurate manner, and explore the possibilities it holds for schools. The techniques described range from the very simple and relatively inexpensive to the more difficult and costly, but all have been tried and found to be successful in schools. Each technique is described in its own chapter. These include techniques such as stack molding, snapflask molding, pattern plates, free core casting, and casting into dies. The chapters are long enough to be informative, yet short enough to maintain the interest of the reader. It is hoped that the methods described and the projects used will encourage pupils to design and develop their own castings. This book does not suggest that existing methods of casting in schools are either obsolete or inadequate. Neither is it meant to replace the traditional functions of the class teacher. What it has tried to do is to present alternative methods of producing castings which will supplement techniques now being used successfully in a variety of schools, and to assist and encourage teachers who are thinking of introducing molding as a new aspect of craft work.

  • Technological Dependence, Monopoly, and Growth

    • 1st Edition
    • Meir Merhav
    • English
    Technological Dependence, Monopoly, and Growth presents the major difficulties of growth that the underdeveloped countries encounter after their initial steps towards industrial progress. This book discusses the problems of economic development in many underdeveloped countries. Comprised of five chapters, this book begins with an overview of the vast differences between the levels of income in the developed and the underdeveloped countries. This text then examines the limited alternatives of underdeveloped economies to the adoption of methods and scales of production that evolved in the advanced economies in adaptation to their large markets and factor proportions. Other chapters consider the complications introduced by the problems of foreign trade. This book discusses as well the kind and degree of government intervention that would result to the transformation of the fundamental characteristics of a capitalist system. The final chapter deals with the economic integration of underdeveloped countries. Economists will find this book useful.

  • Communicating by Telephone

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 15
    • Michael Argyle
    • English
    This book examines the contribution which social psychology has made to telecommunications, and in turn considers how telecommunications have contributed to social psychology. The emphasis throughout is on experimental research and theory. The history and development of the telephone is discussed, with particular attention paid to its uses and effectiveness, especially in interviewing and surveys, crisis intervention and counselling, and conferences and teaching. The theoretical background to the main arguments of the book are introduced, concentrating on non-verbal communication, especially looking, eye-contact, seeing and cuelessness. Outcome research, in particular the transmission of information and problem solving, persuasion and person perception is discussed. Process is also explored, including the content and style of interactions. The concluding section examines recent research on teaching and learning by telephone.

  • Stellar Formation

    International Series in Natural Philosophy, Volume 97
    • 1st Edition
    • V C Reddish
    • English
    Stellar Formation brings together knowledge about the formation of stars. In seeking to determine the conditions necessary for star formation, this book examines questions such as how, where, and why stars form, and at what rate and with what properties. This text also considers whether the formation of a star is an accident or an integral part of the physical properties of matter. This book consists of 13 chapters divided into two sections and begins with an overview of theories that explain star formation as well as the state of knowledge of star formation in comparison to stellar structure and evolution. The places in which stars are forming are then analyzed by focusing on the distributions of very young stars, globules, and cloud fragments. The relationship between the distributions of stars and interstellar clouds is also considered. The chapters that follow explore the frequency distribution of stellar masses as well as the masses of aggregates of stars and interstellar clouds. The reader is also introduced to the rate and environment of star formation; the cloud-like structure of the interstellar gas; the ordering of interstellar clouds into spiral arms; and the conditions under which a cloud will contract until it is set inevitably on the route to becoming a star. The remaining chapters examine the fragmentation of clouds into protostars and the evolution of galaxies. This text will be of interest to students and practitioners of astronomy.

  • Role Theory

    Expectations, Identities, and Behaviors
    • 1st Edition
    • Bruce J. Biddle
    • English
    Role Theory: Expectations, Identities, and Behaviors presents the applications of role concepts for education, social work, and clinical practice. This book examines the advantages as well as the shortcomings of the role stance. Organized into nine chapters, this book begins with an overview of behaviors that are characteristics of persons within contexts and the various processes that are employed to explain and predict those behaviors. This text then examines the concepts of the role field and discovers their applications to social problems of pressing concern. Other chapters consider the empirical evidence that has been developed within the role orientation concerning social problems. This book discusses as well the behavioral comparability, behavior linkage, behavioral effects, and complex linking concepts for behaviors. The final chapter discusses how contexts may affect the behaviors of persons and how those behaviors may have subsequent functions. This book is a valuable resource for anthropologists, sociologists, and social psychologists.

  • Development Begins at Home

    Problems and Prospects of the Sociology of Development
    • 1st Edition
    • C. A. O. Van Nieuwenhuijze
    • English
    Development Begins at Home: Problems and Prospects of the Sociology of Development examines the challenges posed by development to the field of sociology. The book first reviews colonialism and the emergent One World in terms of the history of ideas; discusses attitudes towards development; and examines the definitions of development. These are followed by separate chapters on the contributions of sociology to development studies. The considerable wealth of sociology in dealing with change and, to a lesser extent, with development is identified. Subsequent chapters examine points of departure for current and prospective work in the sociology of development. One is the profile of underdevelopment, sociologically understood, along with the matching configuration of development goals. Another is the true meaning of social development, as opposed to economic development. The main finding is that development may well cause the general outlook of sociology to change. The prospect is for a sociology of human dignity in the social nexus.

  • Sub-Regional Planning Studies: An Evaluation

    Urban and Regional Planning Series
    • 1st Edition
    • T. M. Cowling + 1 more
    • English
    Urban and Regional Planning Series, Volume 6: Sub-Regional Planning Studies: An Evaluation reviews the sub-regional planning in the East Midlands Region of England. This book discusses the sub-regional planning in Britain; impact of new techniques on the analysis stage; advisory role of sub-regional planning; and linking local and regional/national planning. The distinguishing levels of planning in practice; criteria for establishing a data bank; demonstrating the strategy; and traditional role of analysis are also elaborated. This publication also covers the long-range forecasting; objectives in an integrated plan-making process; land-use/transportat... surveys; and procedure for evaluating sub-regional studies. This volume is a good reference for researchers and specialists concerned with planning and government in the East Midlands.

  • Dimensions of Automobile Demand

    A Longitudinal Study of Household Automobile Ownership and Use
    • 1st Edition
    • David A. Hensher
    • L. Anselin
    • English
    This unique book is the first attempt to fully integrate automobile ownership (by fleet size and vehicle type) and vehicle use in an intertemporal setting which recognises the durable nature of automobiles using extensive longitudinal panel data on each household (over 5 years). The book presents: the theoretical and econometric development of a joint discrete-continuous choice longitudinal model system of household and automobile ownership and use, bringing together 9 years of research;the application of the model system for the period 1981-1985 in Australia;the forecasting of the model system up to 2020; particular emphasis on the development and application of a longitudinal data base which is unique to the topic - to capture the dynamic (intertemporal) impacts of technological change, life-style change, fuel prices etc.The book not only extends the reader's knowledge of the dimensions of automobile demand but it also adds important new ideas on handling dynamics of choice, as well as new empirical evidence on elasticities of demand for vehicles and vehicle kilometres. Energy and transport planning specialists will find the book essential reading.

  • Government in France

    An Introduction to the Executive Power
    • 1st Edition
    • Malcolm C. Anderson
    • Nevil Johnson
    • English
    Governments of Western Europe, Government in France: An Introduction to the Executive Power focuses on the affairs of the government of France. The book first offers information on the history of the French government, including the presidency of the Vth republic. The text also expounds on the role and influence of the prime minister in overseeing the affairs of the government. The selection takes a look at the problems associated with the rational division of administrative tasks and duties in the government. The creation of ministries to ensure efficiency in the affairs of the government is underscored. The text also discusses the role of the ministerial cabinet in bridging the executive branch of the government and the administration. Particularly noted is the influence of the ministerial cabinet on how the prime minister can exercise effective control over the administration. The book also offers information on the major social changes that affected the structure and activities of the French administration after World War II. The text is a vital reference for readers interested in the governments of Western Europe, particularly the government of France.

  • Corruption

    A Study in Political Economy
    • 1st Edition
    • Susan Rose-Ackerman
    • English
    Corruption: A Study in Political Economy focuses on the problem of corruptions in political economy and functional bribery. This book is organized into four parts encompassing 11 chapters. Chapters 2 to 4 deal with the fundamental relationship among voters, legislators, and interest groups, as well as the role of the government bureaucracy in shaping legislative choices. Chapters 5 illustrates the basic relationships with an analysis of a monopolistic government official charged with allocating a benefit through a queuing system, while Chapter 6 retains the assumption of a single official with monopoly power but moves beyond the queuing model to consider alternative sanctioning strategies, a wider variety of bureaucratic tasks, and bribers who may be competitively or monopolisticly organized. Chapters 7 and 8 explore the potential of a system where officials are permitted to compete with one another in processing applications for governmental benefits. Under this system, an individual or firm rejected by one official can seek the benefit from other bureaucrats. Chapter 9 introduces a final administrative variable into the analysis, while Chapter 10 discusses the governmental corruption to analogous corrupt activities entirely within the private sector. Lastly, Chapter 11 looks into the relation between corruption and democratic theory, the possibility of reforming corrupt bureaucracies, and the link between economics and morality. This book will be of value to public servants, legislators, economists, sociologists, and researchers.

  • Emotional Disorders in Children and Adolescents

    Medical and Psychological Approaches to Treatment
    • 1st Edition
    • G. Pirooz Sholevar + 2 more
    • English
    Emotional Disorders in Children and Adolescents states that individual psychotherapy is a nonspecific label. It is done when two people interact in a prolonged series of emotionally charged encounters, with the purpose of changing the behavior of the dyad. The motives and dynamics of individual psychotherapy are explained in detail as well as the history of the approach. The book discussed the concept of child psychoanalysis. This section includes its historical background, the similarities and differences between child and adult psychoanalysis, the age of the child that should be treated and frequency of treatment. The text also covers some techniques in the application of psychoanalysis. A broad section of the volume is focused on the modification of the child’s behavior as a type of treatment. This chapter is followed by a section on the behavioral approaches in adolescent psychiatry. The book will provide useful information to psychologist, psychiatrist, behavioral specialist, students and researchers in the field of psychology.

  • Mental Health Issues and the Urban Poor

    Pergamon General Psychology Series
    • 1st Edition
    • Dorothy Alita Evans + 1 more
    • Arnold P. Goldstein + 1 more
    • English
    Mental Health Issues and the Urban Poor is a collection of papers presented at the Third Annual Symposium on Current Issues in Community-Clinical Psychology: Mental Health Issues and the Urban Poor, held at the University of Maryland, in March 1973. This book presents the relevance of mental health theory and technology to problems in coping faced by the urban poor. Comprised of five parts, the book first highlights the trends and issues concerning mental health and poverty. It then discusses existing perspectives on values, theory, and research and illustrates models for mental health action aimed at alleviating the problems of the urban poor. This text also provides examples of training and service programs in mental health professions. This book is valuable to mental health professionals interested in fresh and realistic perspectives on mental health services provided to the poor.

  • Oxidative Stress

    • 1st Edition
    • Helmut Sies
    • English
    Oxidative Stress is intended as an in-depth account of knowledge and problems in the field of oxygen-related damage in biological systems. The topics range from an assessment of molecular events in in vitro model systems to complex problems in clinical medicine. Organized into two parts with a total of 18 chapters, this book begins with an introduction to oxidative stress, elucidating specific topics on reactive oxygen species, detoxification system, and nature of oxidative damage. The first part focuses on models used with cells and tissues in the study of oxidative stress, whereas the second part describes the processes elicited by oxidative stress.

  • Methods and Evaluation in Clinical and Counseling Psychology

    Pergamon General Psychology Series
    • 1st Edition
    • Theodore C. Kahn + 2 more
    • Arnold P. Goldstein + 1 more
    • English
    Methods and Evaluation in Clinical and Counseling Psychology discusses the many-sided problems that psychology faces, as well as contributions psychology can make in many areas of human concern. This book reviews methods, tests, and therapeutic techniques that represent psychology. The future role of psychology as a profession is also elaborated. Other topics covered include measurement of individual differences; impressionistic-proj... approaches; culture-minimized intelligence tests; and Rorschach test and emotional growth. The behavioral disorders; Kahn test of symbol arrangement; forensic psychiatry; and determining cerebral dominance are likewise deliberated. This text also considers the cognitive approaches; hominological therapy; theories of vocational guidance; and clinical psychology and law. This publication is beneficial to practicing psychologists and other professions that deal with human welfare—social workers, correctional workers, and those who are employed in the various specialties of medicine, law, ministry, and education.

  • Autism

    New Directions in Research and Education
    • 1st Edition
    • Christopher D. Webster + 2 more
    • English
    Autism: New Directions in Research and Education presents the results of research on autism and the experiences of the families of autistic children, as well as the trials and tribulations of a psychologist working with an autistic child. The successes and failures of educational programs are discussed, followed by a detailed and helpful account on the value and limitations of a method of teaching language through simultaneous use of signs and speech. This monograph consists of 25 chapters and opens with an overview of the various behaviors likely to be exhibited by autistic persons, along with the theory of autism. It then considers a person's presentation about stuttering in relation to early infantile autism. An important point emphasized throughout this work is that an autistic child can be helped only if a serious attempt is made to see the world from his point of view, so that the adaptive function of much of his peculiar behavior can be understood in the context of his handicaps. The following chapters explore individual differences in the acquisition of sign language by severely communicatively-impa... children; the autistic child's disturbances of perception, speech, and language; and the nature and relevance of simultaneous communication with autistic children. This book should prove useful to clinicians, researchers, parents, teachers, and students.

  • In Response to Aggression

    Methods of Control and Prosocial Alternatives
    • 1st Edition
    • Arnold P. Goldstein + 2 more
    • English
    In Response to Aggression: Methods of Control and Prosocial Alternatives describes and evaluates comprehensively what has been done in response to aggression, with emphasis on aggression controls and alternatives. The book is organized into four major parts. These parts deal with aggression controls and alternatives specific for individual, small group, community, and societal levels of intervention. The book will lead to enhanced utilization of methods for aggression controls and alternatives, and hence to widespread prosocial and constructive behaviors in response to aggression

  • The Upper Paleolithic of the Central Russian Plain

    • 1st Edition
    • Olga Soffer
    • Stuart Struever
    • English
    The Upper Paleolithic of the Central Russian Plain examines the hunter-gatherer adaptations on the Upper Paleolithic central Russian Plain. The book offers both a culture history for the area and an explanation for the changes in human adaptation. It presents what has been found at 29 major Upper Paleolithic sites occupied over a period of some 14,000 years. The book presents details of the archaeological inventories and assemblages found at the 29 sites, together with the geography and geology of the study area. It then uses environmental data to model environmental conditions and resource distribution during the various periods of human occupation, as well as to predict optimal strategies for exploiting available resources. Subsequent chapters present the relative and chronometric dating schemes. The book also elucidates the man-land relationships, ensuing subsistence strategies, settlement types present in the archaeological record, settlement systems, and sociopolitical behavior. The text will be significant to archaeologists, paleoecologists, and anthropologists interested in hunter-gatherers and late Pleistocene adaptations.

  • Forced Labor: Maternity Care in the United States

    Pergamon Studies in Critical Sociology
    • 1st Edition
    • Nancy Stoller Shaw
    • English
    Forced Labor: Maternity Care in the United States provides information pertinent to the fundamental aspects of hospital child birth in the U.S. This book discusses and analyzes the features of maternity care that vary considerably from one hospital or service to another. Organized into six chapters, this book begins with an overview of the basic stages in the care of the pregnant woman, including prenatal care, labor and delivery, and postpartum treatment for mother and child. This text then describes the major characters in the hospital that will usher the patient through her pregnancy, delivery, and recovery. Other chapters consider the structural and institutional sources of unsatisfactory experience of many patients in a prenatal clinic. The final chapter deals with the intensive study of childbirth context. This book is a valuable resource for all women who will face pregnancy. Gynecologists, nurses, and clinicians will also find this book extremely useful.

  • The One Culture

    • 1st Edition
    • William H. Davenport
    • Thomas F. Irvine + 2 more
    • English
    The One Culture focuses on the state of the American culture in the so-called Age of Technology. This book is composed of four chapters that consider the influence of humanities and social sciences in engineering education. The opening chapter focuses on the famous two cultures’ assertion that art and science do not mix. This chapter deals with the problems of definition, semantics, image, and attitude in this assertion. The succeeding chapter examines the typical contemporary “confrontation” between art, literature, and technology. A chapter describes the connecting link between the fields of humanities, social sciences, and engineering. The final chapter looks into the prospect of order, design, and unity as a counter-argument to a negative, self-destroying dualism. This book will prove useful to humanists, engineers, social scientists, and students who are interested in human culture.

  • Experimental Social Programs and Analytic Methods

    An Evaluation of the U.S. Income Maintenance Projects
    • 1st Edition
    • Alexander Basilevsky + 1 more
    • Peter H. Rossi
    • English
    Experimental Social Programs and Analytic Methods: An Evaluation of the U.S. Income Maintenance Projects examines the statistical and econometric research on work disincentive effects reported by a series of social experiments that explore the economic and social consequences of a guaranteed income program. This book provides a comparative description of the several experimental designs and labor supply results, including a general discussion of methodological issues common to the social experiments. The Conlisk-Watts model for sample assignment and labor supply findings from both an econometric and statistical perspective are also elaborated. This text likewise presents an updated survey of the work response findings from the American negative income tax experiments. This publication is intended for professionals and students in econometrics, labor economics, statistics, and quantitative research, but is also valuable to policy analysts and others concerned with social welfare reform and public administration.

  • A Decision-centred View of Environmental Planning

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 38
    • A. Faludi
    • English
    Planning theorists are often criticised for being insufficiently concerned with the needs of practitioners. The author of this book takes a view of planning which centres around the decision-making process and offers a theoretical approach which takes practice as its starting point. Building on his earlier important work, Planning Theory (Pergamon URPS 1984, first edition, 1973), this book constitutes a further major advance in planning thought, synthesizing the influence of the British IOR School with the American 'rational planning model'. Going beyond previous 'generic' approaches, the work culminates in a consideration of theory and practice in the planning of all forms of environmental intervention.

  • Beyond the Battlefield

    The New Military Professionalism
    • 1st Edition
    • Sam C. Sarkesian
    • English
    Beyond the Battlefield: The New Military Professionalism presents the nature and character of military professionalism. This book describes the increasing tendency for the military to view professionalism mainly in terms of military skills. Organized into five parts encompassing 13 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the various concepts and definitions of military professionalism. This text then reexamines military professionalism in the post-Vietnam era with regard to perspectives on value convergence and empathy between military and society. Other chapters consider the changes in the international security environment and the complexity of national security policy. This book discusses as well the demands on the profession as a result of the changed security environment. The final chapter deals with the essential factors that establish the military mindset and world view, as well as determine the quality of civil–military relations. This book is a valuable resource for military professionals and sociologists.

  • Minorities

    A Question of Human Rights?
    • 1st Edition
    • B. Whitaker
    • English
    We all belong to minorities - through our race perhaps, or our religion, or our views. But the world can look very bleak to those groups who are the victims of intolerant majorities. The Minority Rights Group (MRG) is an international human rights charity working to investigate and publicise the position of disadvantaged groups. This book is a compilation of the 11 annual lectures of the group, brought together with a special introduction in one volume for the first time in order to make them available to a wider audience.

  • Why ABM

    Policy Issues in the Missile Defense Controversy
    • 1st Edition
    • Johan J. Holst + 1 more
    • English
    Why ABM?: Policy Issues in the Missile Defense Controversy focuses on the problems of invention and deployment of defenses against anti-ballistic missiles (ABM). The book first discusses early, present, and future missile defense systems, including the efficiency of missile defense and the use of missiles in penetration aids and tactics. The deployment of ballistic missile defense (BMD) is explained. The text takes a look at the missile defense systems of the Soviet Union and their participation in the arms race. The reactions of the Soviet Union on the use of BMD and positions of Soviets and Americans on arms race issues are underscored. The selection reviews the implications of missile defense on Europe. Concerns include arms control and the prospects of European settlement; impact on the future of NATO; and attitude toward China. The possible effects of ABM on non-proliferation are also discussed. The text also takes a look at strategic arms control and stability. This topic includes effects on diplomatic relationships and debates on the use and deployment of missiles in defense strategies. The book is a vital source of reference for readers interested in international security, particularly the use of missiles in defense systems.

  • Lay Theories

    Everyday Understanding of Problems in the Social Sciences
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 17
    • Michael Argyle
    • English
    Lay theories - the informal, common-sense explanations people give for particular social behaviours - are often very different from formal 'scientific' explanations of what actually happens. While they have been studied in the past, this is the first attempt to review, in detail, the nature of these beliefs. More specifically, it is the first study to consider such fundamental questions as the structure, aetiology, stability and consequence of lay theories about a range of topics. Each chapter covers a different area, such as psychology, psychiatry, medicine, economics, statistics, law and education.

  • Housing

    The Impact of Economy and Technology
    • 1st Edition
    • Oktay Ural + 1 more
    • English
    Housing: The Impact of Economy and Technology contains the proceedings of the International Congress on Housing: The Impact of Economy and Technology, held in Vienna, Austria on November 15-18, 1981. This book includes many outstanding manuscripts prepared by competent, dedicated individuals. This text covers a wide range of problems associated with housing technology and economy. Some papers detail forming systems for mass housing production; housing option for the elderly; energy aspects of housing design in developing countries; the psychological and physiological ecology of indoor environments; and solar heating and Earth insulation for economical houses. Other papers explore training programs for low-cost housing; influence of color in housing; volatile substances of some materials from housing equipment; the impact of changing society and the economy on the housing industry; comparative housing; energy saving and management in buildings; and industrialization of buildings in developing countries.

  • Dimensions of Behavior

    The Psychiatric Foundations of Medicine
    • 1st Edition
    • Leon Wurmser + 1 more
    • English
    Dimensions of Behavior: The Psychiatric Foundations of Medicine provides the general background of the field and lays the foundations of the origins of behavior. It is a modern textbook of psychiatry written specifically for medical students and physicians. In its comprehensive scope, it contains the contributions of all the disciplines that are relevant to the behavioral, psychological, social, and humanistic aspects of medicine, as well as the contributions of clinical psychiatry that constitute an integral part of the healing art and science of medicine. The book is organized into six parts. Parts I and II are introductory and present the historical development of psychological thinking in medicine and the evolving status of psychiatry in the contemporary scene, with an emphasis on the need for a new medical model. They further attempt to sketch a general conceptualization of human behavior that transcends the disciplinary boundaries of biological and psychosocial sciences, through an introduction into the philosophical and epistemological approaches to studying man and his behavior. Part III introduces basic concepts related to an evolutionary understanding of human behavior, together with contributing extrapolations from ethological and laboratory animal studies. Parts IV through VI present the developmental dimension of behavior. Human development is discussed from the point of view of its biological foundations and genetic determinants, from the point of view of the various psychological theories of personality development, and in terms of the developmental stages of man. This longitudinal perspective of behavior provides the fundamental considerations for understanding the uniqueness of the individual.

  • Progress in Behavior Modification

    Volume 15
    • 1st Edition
    • Michel Hersen + 2 more
    • English
    Progress in Behavior Modification, Volume 7 covers the developments in the study of behavioral modification. The book discusses the behavioral intervention with child abuse and neglect; the effects of depression in the mentally retarded; and the critical issues in the assessment of headache. The text also describes social skills training; behavior modification in social work practice; and the outcomes and elements of behavioral contracting. The status of cognitive variables in assertiveness training is also considered. Psychologists and psychiatrists will find the book invaluable.

  • Public Transit Economics and Deregulation Policy

    • 1st Edition
    • J. Berechman
    • L. Anselin
    • English
    Drawing on transit experience from various countries and markets, this book examines the economic environment of transit operations, the cost and production properties of transit service supply and the policies and prospects of transit regulatory reform. The principal objectives of the book are: first to conduct theoretical and empirical analyses of the major factors which jointly determine the economic structure and conditions of the transit sector; and second to explore and suggest policies which could resolve the sector's present crisis and make it economically viable. The first objective is explored in Part One where major structural demand factors and regulatory and subsidy conditions are identified and examined. Analytical and empirical measurement of technical production characteristics of transit services supply is carried out in Part Two. Part Three focuses on transit regulatory reform policy issues.The book is aimed primarily at an audience of transportation professionals, including economists and planners as well as public policy analysts. It requires, in general, a sound background in economics, mainly microeconomics. Thus graduate students in economics, geography, urban planning and public policy, and advanced undergraduates with good training in economics can best benefit from this book.

  • Conduct Disorders in Youth

    • 1st Edition
    • Lourens Schlebusch
    • English
    Conduct Disorders in Youth deals with the maladaptive behavior, delinquency and other forms of waywardness in youth. It features significant contributions from the research literature relating to the subject in general and to the South African situation in particular. This book is organized into three main parts. The chapters evaluate the usefulness of some psychological tests such as the I PAT Anxiety Scale Questionnaire, the Children's Personality Questionnaire (CPQ) and the High School Personality Questionnaire (HSPQ) as diagnostic instruments. They also provide an inventory of behavioral characteristics that can help in identifying symptoms of conduct disorders. This book also features a detailed discussion of two clinical case histories to exemplify the main points formulated in the text. This book will be of interest to students reading for degrees and diplomas in psychology, education, psychiatry, social work, psychiatric nursing, sociology and criminology.

  • Emotion in the Human Face

    Guidelines for Research and an Integration of Findings
    • 1st Edition
    • Paul Ekman + 2 more
    • Arnold P. Goldstein + 1 more
    • English
    Emotion in the Human Face: Guidelines for Research and an Integration of Findings reviews research findings about the link between the face and emotion and provides some guidelines for study of this complicated but intriguing phenomenon. Some of the conceptual ambiguities that have hindered research and the methodological decisions that must be made in planning research on the face and emotion are discussed. How past investigators handled these matters is presented critically, and a set of standards is offered. This book is comprised of 21 chapters and begins with an overview of questions about how the face provides information about emotion, with emphasis on evidence based on scientific research (largely in psychology). The reader is then introduced to conceptual ambiguities and methodological decisions related to research on the face-emotion connection (including sampling), along with some important research findings. In particular, emotion categories and dimensions that observers can judge on the basis of facial behavior are analyzed, and whether such judgments can be accurate. The similarities and differences in facial behavior across cultures are also considered, along with the relative contribution of facial behavior and contextual information to the judgment of emotion. This monograph is intended primarily for students of psychology, anthropology, ethology, sociology, and biology, as well as those planning or already conducting research on the face.

  • The Global Challenge of Innovation

    • 1st Edition
    • Basil Blackwell + 1 more
    • English
    The Global Challenge of Innovation discusses the importance of a global economy and its implications. The book is comprised of 11 chapters that tackle the various issues faced by both industries and governments in the globalization of economy. The text first describes the process of innovation and its implication for companies that plan to compete in the global market. The next chapters cover the management issues of companies in the context of global economy. The book also discusses the role of government in global innovation and the European’s policy for innovation. The remaining chapters tackle the effects of the non-globalization of competition policies, taxation, and trade policies on governments, multinational companies, and world economy. The book will be of great use to economists, government officials, and C-level employees of multinational corporations.

  • Human Reliability

    With Human Factors
    • 1st Edition
    • Balbir S. Dhillon
    • English
    Human Reliability: With Human Factors focuses on human reliability during system design. The book is organized into 13 chapters, wherein Chapter 1 presents histories of human factors and human reliability along with selective terms and definitions. Chapter 2 shows basic reliability mathematics and concepts. Subsequent chapters then elaborate on human reliability, human errors, six human reliability analysis methods, and reliability evaluation of systems with human errors. Other chapters elucidate human factors in maintenance and maintainability; human safety; human reliability data; and human factors in quality control, design, mathematical models, and formulas. Applications of human factors engineering are also addressed. The text will be valuable to human factor engineers and specialists, reliability and maintainability specialists, system and design engineers, industrial engineers, quality control engineers, and students.

  • Rural Change and Public Policy

    Eastern Europe, Latin America and Australia
    • 1st Edition
    • William P. Avery + 2 more
    • English
    Rural Change and Public Policy: Eastern Europe, Latin America and Australia examines rural change and related public policies in three contrasting areas of the world to identify common problems and gain insight and understanding of the change process. This book is organized into five parts encompassing 15 chapters. Part I provides a conceptual background useful in examining rural development issues in an international perspective, focusing on economic development, usually the central question in public policy deliberations on rural areas. This part also emphasizes the interdependence between rural and urban areas as well as the importance of rural-urban regional inequity considerations. Part II deals with the critical role of government in influencing and directing rural change, while Part III surveys some of the changing attitudes and attitudinal responses of rural residents experiencing social, political, educational, and/or economic change. Part IV considers the broad issue of rural workers and employment opportunities, a critical issue in rural societies. Part V looks into the problems of land utilization and land tenure.

  • Progress in Behavior Modification

    Volume 19
    • 1st Edition
    • Michel Hersen + 2 more
    • English
    Progress in Behavior Modification, Volume 19 covers the developments in the study of behavior modification. The book discusses neuropsychology and behavior therapy; the progress in parent training; and the nature and measurement of agoraphobia. The text also describes childhood and adolescent obesity, with emphasis on the progress in behavioral assessment and treatment; the conceptualization, assessment, and intervention in fire emergencies; and behavioral pediatrics. The assessment of anorexia nervosa and bulimia is also considered. Psychologists, psychiatrists, and pediatricians will find the book invaluable.

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