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Books in Physical sciences and engineering

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  • Perennial Grasses for Bioenergy and Bioproducts

    Production, Uses, Sustainability and Markets for Giant Reed, Miscanthus, Switchgrass, Reed Canary Grass and Bamboo
    • 1st Edition
    • Efthymia Alexopoulou
    • English
    Perennial Grasses for Bioenergy and Bioproducts: Production, Uses, Sustainability and Markets for Giant Reed, Miscanthus, Switchgrass, Reed Canary Grass and Bamboo brings together a team of international authors to explore the current utilization, sustainability and future perspectives of perennial grasses in the bioeconomy. The book begins by examining the role of these crops as feedstock for bioenergy, in particular advanced biofuels and bioproducts. It then offers five chapters, each covering one perennial grass type, namely giant reed, miscanthus, switchgrass, reed canary grass and bamboo. The book covers their breeding, cultivation, harvesting, pre-treatment, economics and characterization. The book goes on to present the thermochemical conversion pathways for different types of feedstock. The last chapter explores issues concerning sustainability of perennial grasses, including their production in marginal lands. This thorough overview is a helpful reference for engineering researchers and professionals in the bioenergy sector, whose understanding of feedstock characterization, sustainability and production is critical in the development of conversion technologies. Those in the industrial crops sector will benefit from discussion of various issues surrounding crop production, which can guide their feedstock cultivation, harvesting and pre-treatment for specific conversion processes or end use. The book is also a useful resource for instructors and students in Masters and PhD programs in the area of biomass and energy crops. Policy makers and government agents involved in regulating the bioenergy and bioproducts sector will find comprehensive information to guide their decision making.

  • The Identification of Vat Dyes on Cellulosic Materials

    • 1st Edition
    • D. A. Derrett-Smith + 1 more
    • English
    The Identification of Vat Dyes on Cellulosic Materials focuses on the determination of the dyeing class of all the dyes usually found on cellulosic materials, which is a another method of distinguishing between reactive and other classes of dyes on these materials. This book discusses the characteristics of vat and soluble vat dyes. Organized into six chapters, this book starts with an overview of the various methods of preparing the five reagents used in the tests, namely, alkaline hydrosulfite, acid hydrosulfite, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, and acid potassium permanganate. This text then describes the various tests that are found reliable in determining the different types of dyes. Other chapters examine the rate of oxidation of all the available blue dyes, which are classified into four major subdivisions. The final chapter deals with the identification of indigo blue dyes wherein the distinctions can be made by means of nitric acid in a similar manner. This book is a valuable resource for dye manufacturers.

  • Proceedings of the Metallurgical Society of the Canadian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy

    Proceedings of the International Symposium on Fracture Mechanics, Winnipeg, Canada, August 23-26, 1987
    • 1st Edition
    • W. R. Tyson + 1 more
    • English

  • Proceedings of the Twelfth International Cryogenic Engineering Conference Southampton, UK, 12–15 July 1988

    • 1st Edition
    • R. G. Scurlock + 1 more
    • English
    Proceedings of the Twelfth International Cryogenic Engineering Conference Southampton, UK, 12–15 July 1988

  • Coordination Chemistry

    Invited Lectures Presented at the 20th International Conference on Coordination Chemistry, Calcutta, India, 10-14 December 1979
    • 1st Edition
    • D. Banerjea
    • English
    Coordination Chemistry is a collection of invited lectures presented at the 20th International Conference on Coordination Chemistry held in Calcutta, India, on December 10-14, 1979, and organized by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry in cooperation with India's National Science Academy and the Department of Science & Technology. The conference covers a wide range of topics relating to coordination chemistry, including the stereochemistry of coordination compounds; the mechanism of the base hydrolysis of octahedral cobalt(III) complexes; and metal chelates as anticancer agents. This book consists of 26 chapters and opens with a discussion on some developments in the stereochemistry of coordination complexes, including the creation of ""sepulchrate"" ions of cobalt, chromium, ruthenium, and platinum; the preparation of planar complexes containing ligands spanning trans-positions; and the separation of optical and configurational isomers of octahedral complexes containing unsymmetrical and asymmetric ligands. The following chapters explore complex chemistry and the mimicry of metalloenzymes; metal complexes with functionalized macrocyclic ligands; binuclear complexes in electron transfer reactions; and application of coordination chemistry in biology and medicine. The synthetic and structural chemistry of transition metals is also considered, along with linear free energy relationships in coordination chemistry. This monograph will be a valuable source of information for practitioners and research workers in the field of pure and applied chemistry, particularly coordination chemistry.

  • Physical Kinetics

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 10
    • L. P. Pitaevskii + 2 more
    • English
    The approach to physical kinetics is closely integrated with that of other branches of physics as presented in the companion volumes of this series. The major part of the contents is concerned with a systematic development of the theory of plasmas, the authority being firmly rooted in the pioneer work of Landau. Although the main scope concerns fully ionized gaseous plasmas, corresponding results are also given for partially ionized plasmas, relativistic plasmas, degenerate or non-ideal plasmas and solid state plasmas. Problems (with answers) are to be found in the text. This work completes the Course of Theoretical Physics begun over 20 years ago

  • Electrical Correcting Elements in Automatic Control and Regulation Circuits

    • 1st Edition
    • G. K. Krug + 1 more
    • English
    Electrical Correcting Elements in Automatic Control and Regulation Circuits describes electrical correcting and stabilizing devices, with practical recommendations when these are used in automatic control systems. The book deals with the use of correcting and stabilizing devices into automatic regulation and control systems. The text explains in detail the type of correcting action that is best suited for an automatic control system; and it also notes the basic structure and the operations of the static and astatic systems. The text explains the use of the frequency characteristics method to determine the dynamic performance of a system, especially since external disturbances can disrupt both the regulator and the device being regulated. The book enumerates the three basic requirements of a closed automatic regulation or control system: 1) system stability; 2) allowable error is within limits; and 3) essential requirements for transients are met. The text also investigates the circuit of a common correcting device using passive four-terminal networks with resistances and capacitances. The book analyzes the methods of correcting systems with automatic regulation and control that use carrier frequency. The use of electric motors to correct schemes in control and automatic regulation is preferred as these motors can use signals originating from alternating current, instead of employing modulators and de-modulators. The book is suitable for design engineers, and people working with automatic control devices and regulators.

  • Finite Element Analysis Applications

    A Systematic and Practical Approach
    • 1st Edition
    • Zhuming Bi
    • English
    Finite Element Analysis Applications: A Systematic and Practical Approach strikes a solid balance between more traditional FEA textbooks that focus primarily on theory, and the software specific guidebooks that help teach students and professionals how to use particular FEA software packages without providing the theoretical foundation. In this new textbook, Professor Bi condenses the introduction of theories and focuses mainly on essentials that students need to understand FEA models. The book is organized to be application-oriented... covering FEA modeling theory and skills directly associated with activities involved in design processes. Discussion of classic FEA elements (such as truss, beam and frame) is limited. Via the use of several case studies, the book provides easy-to-follow guidance on modeling of different design problems. It uses SolidWorks simulation as the platform so that students do not need to waste time creating geometries for FEA modelling.

  • Advances in Geophysics

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 58
    • English
    Advances in Geophysics, Volume 58, the latest in this critically acclaimed serialized review journal that has published for over 50 years, contains the latest information available in the field. Users will find valuable chapters highlighting the Novel use of geodynamics in plate tectonic reconstruction, and on Optimized experimental design in the context of seismic full waveform inversion and seismic imaging. Since 1952, each volume in this series has been eagerly awaited, frequently consulted, and praised by researchers and reviewers alike. Now in its 58th volume, it is truly an essential publication for researchers in all fields of geophysics.

  • Principles of Electron Optics, Volume 2

    Applied Geometrical Optics
    • 2nd Edition
    • Peter W. Hawkes + 1 more
    • English
    Principles of Electron Optics: Applied Geometrical Optics, Second Edition gives detailed information about the many optical elements that use the theory presented in Volume 1: electrostatic and magnetic lenses, quadrupoles, cathode-lens-based instruments including the new ultrafast microscopes, low-energy-electron microscopes and photoemission electron microscopes and the mirrors found in their systems, Wien filters and deflectors. The chapter on aberration correction is largely new. The long section on electron guns describes recent theories and covers multi-column systems and carbon nanotube emitters. Monochromators are included in the section on curved-axis systems. The lists of references include many articles that will enable the reader to go deeper into the subjects discussed in the text. The book is intended for postgraduate students and teachers in physics and electron optics, as well as researchers and scientists in academia and industry working in the field of electron optics, electron and ion microscopy and nanolithography.

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