Books in Chemical engineering

Hazard Assessment of Chemicals

1st Edition
December 2, 2012
Jitendra Saxena
English
eBook
9 7 8 0 3 2 3 1 4 9 0 5 1

Hazard Assessment of Chemicals: Current Developments, Volume 1 is a comprehensive and authoritative account of major developments in hazard assessment of chemicals. In addition to subject reviews, this volume contains case histories of topical chemicals and/or chemical classes in order to show examples of the applications of available methods and approaches for evaluating chemicals. Primary and secondary sources of information on chemicals are considered, along with the environmental and health hazards associated with chemicals. Comprised of 10 chapters, this volume begins with an assessment of information sources on toxic substances, followed by a discussion on pre-concentration of trace metals from aquatic environmental samples. Subsequent chapters focus on the reproductive toxicology of aquatic contaminants; partition coefficient and water solubility in environmental chemistry; in vitro metabolism and activation of chemical carcinogens; and modeling of toxic spills into waterways. Estimation of exposure to hazardous chemicals is also described, along with structure-activity relationships in hazard assessment. The final chapter presents a case study of azaarenes, with emphasis on their sources, distribution, environmental impact, and health effects. This book will be of interest to toxicologists, chemists, and environmental and public health officials.

Aerosols

1st Edition
December 2, 2012
George Hidy
English
eBook
9 7 8 0 3 2 3 1 4 2 5 1 9

Aerosols: An Industrial and Environmental Science is a comprehensive account of the science and technology of aerosols as well as their aerodynamic and physico-chemical properties. Measurement techniques and results are presented in terms of a framework of classical mechanics and macroscopic chemistry. This book is comprised of 10 chapters and begins with a discussion on the foundations of modern aerosol science and technology, followed by a review of the dynamic theory of aerosols as rigid spheres. The production of particle suspensions, the methods of particle sampling and measurement, and physical or chemical characterization are then considered, along with particle diffusion by Brownian motion, particle formation and growth, and coagulation processes. The formation of particle clouds is described by means of molecular agglomeration (condensation) processes, breakup and disintegration, and chemical reactions. The remaining chapters focus on several major applications of aerosol science in areas such as combustion, agriculture, and medicine. This monograph is intended to serve scientists and engineers who are concerned with the underlying principles of aerodynamic and physical chemical behavior of aerosols, and could also be used as a text for graduate students in specialized courses on aerosol or colloid chemistry, atmospheric processes, and chemical, mechanical, or environmental engineering.

Maize

1st Edition
December 2, 2012
George Inglett
English
eBook
9 7 8 0 3 2 3 1 5 8 7 3 2

Maize: Recent Progress in Chemistry and Technology covers the proceedings of a symposium on the progress in chemistry and technology of maize. The symposium is held at the Seventh World Cereal and Bread Congress in Prague, Czechoslovakia on June 28–July 2, 1982. This book is composed of 16 chapters that focus on considerable progress in the composition and processing of maize. This text initially covers the composition of lipids in maize starches and the hemicelluloses content of corn seed. It goes on discussing corn bran as a source of dietary fiber; extrusion cooking of corn flours and starches; and use of debranching enzymes in dextrose production. Other chapters examine the effect of composition and structure of maize on double enzyme processing; the utilization of maize flour in breadmaking; the energy preservation in maize drying; and the drying conditions related to wet-milling of maize. A chapter also examines the biochemical and microbiological changes in stored maize. Moreover, this book also describes the effect of mycotoxin contamination in the maize field. Finally, moisture determinations in maize and maize germ flour prepared by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction are considered. This book will be a useful reference for students, scientists, technologists, and manufacturers who are involved in any facet of maize production and utilization.

Protein Engineering

1st Edition
December 2, 2012
Raghupathy Sarma
English
eBook
9 7 8 0 3 2 3 1 5 0 3 0 9

Protein Engineering: Applications in Science, Medicine, and Industry deals with the scientific, medical, and industrial applications of protein engineering. Topics range from protein structure and design to mutant analysis and complex systems. Applications such as production of novel antibiotics, genetic transformation of plants, and genetic engineering of bioinsecticides are described. This book is comprised of 25 chapters and begins with an overview of trends and developments in protein chemistry and their relevance to protein engineering, followed by a discussion on protein sequence data banks. Subsequent chapters explore the design and construction of biologically active peptides, including hormones; structural and functional analysis of thermophile proteins; the conformation of diphtheria toxin; and applications of surface-simulation synthesis in protein molecular recognition. The use of oligonucleotide-dire... site-specific mutagenesis in functional analysis of the signal peptide for protein secretion is also considered. The results of studies on the mechanism of membrane fusion are presented. This monograph will serve as a useful guide for those who are already working on protein engineering and those who are about to start research in this field.

Stereo-Differentiating reactions

1st Edition
December 2, 2012
Yoshiharu Izumi
English
eBook
9 7 8 0 3 2 3 1 5 5 0 3 8

Stereo-Differentiati... Reactions: The Nature of Asymmetric Reactions provides an introduction to asymmetric reactions. It brings together synthetic organic chemistry, stereochemistry, group theory, the theory of optical rotation, experimental methods, etc., all of which are basic to the study of stereo-differentiati... reactions, to form a unified approach based on the new concept of "differentiation." The authors hope that the value of the new concept, which is rather more complex than conventional treatments of asymmetric reactions, will become clear in the present book. This new concept should be useful in many fields of study, not only the development of stereo-differentiati... reactions, but also in the study of general reaction mechanisms in organic chemistry. The book contains nine chapters and begins with a historical background of studies on asymmetric reactions. This is followed by separate chapters on molecular symmetry and chirality; nomenclature for chirality, prochirality, and stereo-differentiati... reactions; the mechanisms of stereo-differentiati... reactions; methods for studying stereo-differentiati... reactions; and the basic principle of optical activity.

Tropical Fruit Processing

1st Edition
December 2, 2012
Jethro Jagtian
English
eBook
9 7 8 0 3 2 3 1 4 1 0 0 0

Tropical Fruit Processing focuses on the improved food preservations methods of tropical fruits for lesser developed and developed countries. This book covers four tropical fruits, namely, guava, mango, papaya, and passion fruit. These fruits have the greatest growth potential based on the knowledge and technology acquired in their cultivation, processing, and preservation. Each chapter in this book discusses the botany, cultivars, horticulture, harvesting, handling, storage, composition, packing, and processing of the fruit. A variety of processed products from these fruits, such as jellies, jams, preserves, purees, sauces, and juices, are also covered. Furthermore, this book describes various food preservation methods including dehydration, concentration, and canning. This book is an invaluable resource for scientists, technologists, manufacturers, students, and others concerned with cultivating, processing, manufacturing, research, development, or marketing of foods.

Solid State Chemical Sensors

1st Edition
December 2, 2012
Jiri Janata
English
eBook
9 7 8 0 3 2 3 1 4 1 0 1 7

Solid State Chemical Sensors reviews the basic chemical and physical principles involved in the construction and operation of solid state sensors. A major portion of the book is devoted to explanation of the basic mechanism of operation and the many actual and potential applications of field effect transistors for gas and solution sensing. This text is comprised of four chapters; the first of which describes the basics of device fabrication. Emphasis is placed on the physical description of semiconductor devices with catalytic metal gates, along with their drawbacks and their promise. The behavior of hydrogen in the Pd-SiO2 system is also considered, and some applications of hydrogen-sensitive transistors, such as smoke detection and biochemical reaction monitoring, are described. The second chapter focuses on chemically sensitive field effect transistors and their thermodynamics, while the third chapter explains the general fabrication procedure for solid state chemical sensors. The final chapter introduces the reader to piezoelectric and pyroelectric chemical sensors, paying particular attention to the sensor nature of piezoelectricity, the piezoelectric gravimetric sensor, and pyroelectric gas analysis. This book is intended to assist electrical engineers in understanding the chemistry involved in the construction and operation of solid state sensors and to educate chemists in solid state science.

Qualitative Analysis of Flavor and Fragrance Volatiles by Glass Capillary Gas Chromatography

1st Edition
December 2, 2012
Walter Jennings
English
eBook
9 7 8 0 3 2 3 1 4 1 0 5 5

Qualitative Analysis of Flavor and Fragrance Volatiles by Glass Capillary Gas Chromatography deals with the application of glass capillary gas chromatography to qualitative analysis of flavor and fragrance volatiles. Topics range from gas chromatographic system requirements and retention indices to selective detectors, ancillary reactions, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. This text is comprised of six chapters; the first of which provides an overview of the use of glass capillary gas chromatography in qualitative analysis of flavor and fragrance volatiles. The discussion then turns to gas chromatographic system requirements with respect to columns, inlets, detectors, and temperature control. The reader is also introduced to the Kovats retention index system, which utilizes a logarithmic scale to describe the retention behavior of a compound relative to that of the n-paraffin hydrocarbons. The use of selective detectors, such as thermal conductivity, flame ionization, nitrogen-phosphorus, electron capture, and photoionization detectors in qualitative analysis, is also considered. The final two chapters focus on ancillary reactions in glass capillary gas chromatography and general considerations in gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, including interfacing. This book is intended primarily for researchers involved in studies of the volatile constituents of fragrances, food, and natural products.

Chelating Agents and Metal Chelates

1st Edition
December 2, 2012
F Dwyer
English
eBook
9 7 8 0 3 2 3 1 4 6 4 1 8

Chelating Agents and Metal Chelates focuses on the structure and properties of metal chelates, as well as bond types, stereochemistry, and optical phenomena. The selection first offers information on historical background and fundamental concepts and the nature of metal-ligand bond. Discussions focus on the structure and stability of metal chelates, bond types and characteristic properties, classes of acceptor metal atoms, and metal-metal bonds in complex compounds. The text also touches on bidentate chelates, design and stereochemistry of multidentate chelating agents, and optical phenomena in metal chelates. The publication ponders on oxidation-reduction potentials as functions of donor atom and ligand and metal chelates of ethylenediaminetetra... acid and related substances. Topics include liquid junction potentials, reversibility, measurement of redox potentials, ethylenediaminetetra... chelate couples, and metal chelates of ethylenediaminetetra... acid. The text also takes a look at metal chelates in biological systems and physical and coordination chemistry of tetrapyrrole pigments. The manuscript is a vital reference for senior students, research workers, biologists, and medical scientists interested in the chemistry of metal chelates.

Glucuronic Acid Free and Combined

1st Edition
December 2, 2012
Geoffrey Dutton
English
eBook
9 7 8 0 3 2 3 1 4 3 9 8 1

Glucuronic Acid Free and Combined: Chemistry, Biochemistry, Pharmacology, and Medicine focuses on the study of glucuronic acid, particularly its physiological role in different fields. Divided into three parts with nine chapters, the book contains the literature of authors who have incessantly conducted research on this kind of acid. The book starts with the discussion on the chemistry of free glucuronic acid and its derivatives, and then discusses the nature, characteristics, and properties of glucuronides and other known conjugates. The next part presents the occurrence and chemistry of glucuronic acid incorporated in animal, plant, and bacterial polysaccharides. This presentation is followed by the discussions on the biosynthesis of glucuronic acid as UDPglucuronic acid and its relationship with simple glucuronides. A summary of information of the enzymic hydrolysis of conjugates is then presented. The succeeding chapters deal with the entry of glucuronic acid into general carbohydrate metabolism; the incorporation of glucuronic acid with the polysaccharides of living tissues; the pharmacological implications of glucuronic acid in drug detoxification; and the isolation and identification of steroid glucuronides. The book is a primary source of data for readers interested in studying the nature, composition, functions, and uses of glucuronic acid.

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