Social sciences and humanities print books and ebooks | Elsevier

Paradigms for the Study of Behavior

1st Edition
October 22, 2013
P. Michael Conn
English
Paperback
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eBook
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Methods in Neurosciences, Volume 14: Paradigms for the Study of Behavior is a collection of articles that describes the methods for measuring a wide range of behavior. This volume covers the means for measuring different behaviors, such as reproductive, maternal, sexual, aggression, social interactions, feeding behavior, memory analysis, and classical conditioning. The opening papers outline the proper conditions and practical considerations in which the researcher can study the sexual and reproductive behavior of animals in the laboratory. Another paper describes how to assess aggressiveness in rodents including ethical issues involved in such study. The book then discusses the effects of intracerebral administration of neuropeptides in rats using surgical and stereotaxic methods. Another paper presents the measurement of behavioral thermoregulatory reflexes to show acuity of temperature sensation and thermoregulatory control. This volume also discusses the measurement of song-learning behavior in birds through ""sensorimotor,"" ""action-based,"" and ""sensory"" methods of learning. This book will be helpful for students, scientists, technicians, and laboratory workers whose work involves experiments that need to be accurately measured.

Current Topics in Clinical and Community Psychology

1st Edition
October 22, 2013
Charles D. Spielberger
English
Paperback
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Hardback
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eBook
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Current Topics in Clinical and Community Psychology, Volume 1 reviews advances in clinical and community psychology. Topics covered include theory and research in areas such as psychological assessment of intelligence, personality, and abnormal behavior; psychotherapy, broadly defined to include counseling and behavior modification; and psychophysiological and neurological determinants of personality and psychopathology. Comprised of five chapters, this volume first illustrates how reinforcement and modeling techniques can enable psychologists to function effectively as mental health consultants and agents of social change in an institution for delinquent children. The second chapter describes a unique program designed to prevent emotional dysfunction in school children by combining effective therapeutic intervention with relevant research and evaluation. The third chapter challenges the relevance of psychological research that does not take into account the relationship between the experimenter and his subjects, and instead demonstrates the impact of experimenter self-disclosure on the responses given to psychological tests and on subjects' behavior in psychology experiments. The fourth chapter proposes a behaviorally oriented model for the assessment of positive mental health and describes a successful application of this model in the assessment of the competence of college freshmen. The final chapter relates research on human psychophysiology to problems of psychological assessment and psychotherapy that are of central concern to clinical psychologists. This book should prove useful to practicing clinical and community psychologists, graduate and undergraduate students of psychology, and members of other mental health professions.

Principles of Training

1st Edition
October 22, 2013
D. H. Holding
G. P. Meredith
English
Paperback
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Hardback
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eBook
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Principles of Training provides insight into the different variables presented by training tasks. It presents a wide sample of experimental data to reveal to the intending practitioner of training—whether in industry, in sport, in the defense services or other fields—that awareness of experimental findings must be paralleled by competence in analyzing tasks in order to determine how and where any particular principles may reasonably be applied. The book begins with an introductory chapter on the evaluation of training, experiments on training, limitations of training, and training problems. This is followed by separate chapters that discuss how trainers can influence the course of learning by manipulating knowledge of results; methods for minimizing errors in early learning; visual training methods; the use of words and actions in training; and the importance of practice in learning. Subsequent chapters cover the transfer of training; automatic teaching, or ""programmed instruction""; and recommendations for trainers.

Policy Sciences

1st Edition
October 22, 2013
Arie Y. Lewin + 1 more
English
Hardback
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eBook
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Policy Sciences presents the framework of situational normativism, a descriptive-normativ... methodology by which the components of policy sciences may be pragmatically integrated and applied to real decision problems. The uniqueness of this approach derives from the integration of behavioral, political, and social considerations with a broad range of systems and quantitative methodologies. Furthermore, this approach encompasses specific considerations of implementation, political feasibility, and organization redesign. Organized into three parts, this book begins with an overview of policy sciences followed by a description of the adaptive analytical framework of situational normativism. Policy making is considered as a process of adaptation and a policy-making system generally composed of two or more coupled policy makers, each of whom is viewed as an adaptive purposeful system, is described. The last part consists of nine original cases that demonstrate the application of specific methodologies to real-world problems within the framework of situational normativism. Three of the case studies focus on the zoning decision process in the city of Pittsburgh; the use of a Delphi procedure to isolate and define the influential goals of an organization; and national policies toward foreign private investment. This monograph is intended for senior undergraduates and graduates taking a course in policy sciences and inter-organizational decision making and similar courses.

Modern Gear Production

1st Edition
October 22, 2013
H J Watson
English
eBook
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Modern Gear Production focuses on the processes and methods in gear making. The book first gives information on the history of gear making and types of gears. Topics such as the classification of gears based on the disposition of their shafts; shafts lying in the same plane with axes intersecting; and shafts lying in parallel planes but with axes inclined to one another are then discussed. The text describes gear groups, tooth forms, and gear materials. Heat treatment of steels, casehardening, nitriding, induction hardening, sulfinuzing, and flame hardening are explained. The book takes a look at blank manufacture, gear milling, and gear shaping and planning. The text further examines gear hobbing. Topics include precision of hobbing machines, worm-wheel hobbing, hob setting, control of accuracy of gears, and hobbing gears for general purposes. The different kinds of hobs, profile grinding, and shaving and lapping are also discussed. The book also focuses on other manufacturing methods, such as thread whirling, broaching gear teeth, tooth rounding, work hardening, and electrochemical machining. The text is a vital source of data for readers interested in gear making.

Handbook of Intercultural Training

1st Edition
October 22, 2013
Dan Landis + 1 more
English
Hardback
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eBook
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Handbook of Intercultural Training, Volume III: Area Studies in Intercultural Training deals with information about the countries in which people will be living and working, where trainers want new and better country-specific information that can be incorporated into their programs. This volume contains two parts, wherein the first part deals with training in educational institutions where existing programs are examined. An intercultural competence in bilingual teacher-training programs is presented, and the intercultural communications skills imparted to trainers/teachers are examined. Also addressed are methods to facilitate education on cross-cultural matters to college level students. To put cross-cultural relations in perspective, the topic of American and foreign students in the United States in a university context is discussed, and its implications for theory, future research, and applied intercultural programming are further examined. Part II is concerned with area studies and covers Sub-Sahara Africa, Islamic countries such as Iran, Americans in Australia, Oceania, India, Japan, Canada, and the American retiree abroad. The inclusion of this section shows the types of content that can be included in the preparation of training programs. Trainers and cross-cultural workers, foreign workers, diplomats, foreign students, immigrants, and even transients working and living in a different culture will find this volume a wealthy source of information.

A Theory of Behavior in Organizations

1st Edition
October 22, 2013
James C. Naylor + 2 more
English
Paperback
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eBook
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A Theory of Behavior in Organizations develops a theory for organizational behavior, or, more accurately, a theory of individual behavior within organizations of behavior. The book begins by discussing a series of general issues involved in the theory of behavior in organizations. It then describes the theory itself in three stages: first, the general structure of the theory; second, definition of the key variables; and third, the interrelationships between the variables. Subsequent chapters show how the theory deals specifically with such issues as roles, decision making, and motivation. The theory presented is a cognitive theory of behavior. It assumes that man is rational (or at least nonrandom) for the most part, and that as a systematic or nonrandom generator of behavior, man's actions are explained best in terms of conscious, thinking acts on the part of the individual. The theory deals with why the individual chooses certain alternative courses of action in preference to others, and thus it might properly be called a theory of choice behavior. Whereas the emphasis is on the cognitive aspects of behavior, considerable attention has been devoted to external, noncognitive variables in the system that play meaningful roles in the determination of individual behavior.

Basic Business Analysis and Operations Research

1st Edition
October 22, 2013
R H Mole
English
Paperback
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eBook
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BASIC Business Analysis and Operations Research discusses how the Beginners All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code (BASIC) can be utilized in business analysis. The book is comprised of seven chapters that tackle various topics about BASIC and business analysis. Chapters 1 and 2 provide an overview of BASIC and Operations Research. Chapter 3 covers index numbers and provides an introduction to programming in structured BASIC. The book also presents programs for Data Fitting, and then describes how a simple program can be developed to include progressive complexity. The programs for a range of computational tasks are also presented. The book also tackles Markov chains in the context of policies for preventative maintenance. The text will be of great use to undergraduate students of management, computer, technology, and science.

Transvestism

1st Edition
October 22, 2013
Harry Brierley
English
Paperback
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eBook
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Transvestism: A Handbook with Case Studies for Psychologists, Psychiatrists and Counsellors presents the rapid change in social attitudes towards so-called sexual problems. This book provides an understanding of the transvestite, transsexual, and homosexual as whole people characterized by the array of their talents and deficiencies rather than by the nature of their sexuality alone. Organized into 10 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the classic study of the genetics of homosexuality. This text then examines the importance of self-help societies for transvestites in various countries. Other chapters consider the role of sexual need in human development. This book discusses as well the psychodynamic theories based on the principle that all human behavior is primarily sexual. The final chapter deals with the classification of cross-dressing and the uneasy state of sexual non-conformity. This book is a valuable resource for psychiatrists, psychologists, counsellors, and clinical researchers. Transvestites, transsexuals, and homosexuals will also find this book useful.

Women in Computing

1st Edition
October 22, 2013
Judith A. Morris
English
Paperback
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eBook
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Women in Computing presents how the computing industry delivered the opportunities for women. This book identifies the distinct attitudes in companies towards equal opportunities. Organized into eight chapters, this book begins with an overview of the problems, the opportunities, the successes and failures, and provides some insight into what can be done by women to make use of the massive potential they have in the future industry. This text then examines the problem to introduce computing to girls in school, which has not been taught properly in schools due to lack of right equipment or lack of training of the teachers. Other chapters consider the positive attitude of most major computer manufacturers and software houses to the employment of women. This book discusses as well the problems faced by women in the work place, including sexual harassment and lack of cooperation from male colleagues. The final chapter deals with the need for change in the computing industry. This book is a valuable resource for employees and employers.

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