Social sciences and humanities print books and ebooks | Elsevier

Current Issues in Mathematical Linguistics

1st Edition
Volume 56
June 28, 2014
C. Martín-Vide
English
Paperback
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eBook
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The present volume contains some selected topics of current interest around the world in the mathematical analysis of natural language. The book is divided into four sections:- analytical algebraic models- models from the theory of formal grammars and automata, with interest mainly in syntax- model-theoretic concepts in semantics or pragmatics, and- a final section containing some applications in computational linguistics.The varied perspectives illustrated in the book confirm that Mathematical Linguistics has finally introduced scientific methods into a previously fuzzy field, through the use of mathematical reasoning. The text will contribute to a fruitful convergence between linguists, mathematicians, logicians, computer scientists, cognitive scientists and others interested in the formal treatment of natural language and the research of its properties.

Protecting the Social Service Client

1st Edition
May 10, 2014
Joel F. Handler
Robert H. Haveman
English
Paperback
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eBook
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Protecting the Social Service Client: Legal and Structural Controls on Official Discretion examines the treatment of clients of public and private social service agencies and highlights the role of consumer protection in dealing with the existence and abuse of administrative discretion. Of particular concern is the legal rights of these social service clients — principally the poor — and how effectively these rights are being enforced. The history of due process protection (that is, by means of appeals and court hearings) is discussed and a number of legal and structural remedies are offered. Comprised of six chapters, this book begins by setting forth the issues and reviewing the experiences of client protections under the due process model, with emphasis on discretion as a key legal issue in social services. The reader is then introduced to legal theory, particularly how constitutional and statutory law defines the legal interests of social service clients and what system of protection is provided by the law. Subsequent chapters focus on the protection of client rights in practice as well as several different legal and structural remedies to client protections. The legal protection of clients is analyzed, first from the client perspective and then from the point of view of the policymaker. This monograph is intended for social work professionals, administrators, policymakers, and advocates of the rights of people who deal with social welfare agencies.

Communication in Social Work

1st Edition
May 17, 2014
Peter R. Day
English
Paperback
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eBook
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Communication in Social Work focuses on the role of communication in social work. This book discusses aspects of communication in the helping process and illustrates where information and advice on their own would not have been helpful to the client. Comprised of seven chapters, this book begins with an overview of the nature of communication and explains why a study of the communication process may help in dealing with serious problems of the environment and human relations. Attention then turns to communication processes in social work, with emphasis on the role of non-verbal behavior in the interaction between social worker and client, along with the factors that influence communication between them. The chapters that follow focus on social factors in communication, considering the sociological view of social work as a mechanism of social control, as well as the importance of communication in the helping process. This book concludes by explaining how social agency contributes to the nature of the social worker's activities, touching on topics such as problems of cooperation and coordination in social welfare. This text will be of interest to professionals and policymakers involved in social work.

Incest: A Biosocial View

1st Edition
June 28, 2014
MOST
English
Paperback
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eBook
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Incest: A Biosocial View focuses on the sociobiological theory of incest and compares it with other theoretical approaches to the problem. The argument made in this book is that the existence of culture does not lead to the exemption of Homo sapiens from the evolutionary process. Instead, it creates a coevolutionary process, of which the evolution of incest avoidance in human beings is the simplest, yet most instructive, example. Comprised of 11 chapters, this volume begins with an introduction to the problem of incest, followed by a discussion on the sociobiological theory in general and some important methodological issues. Epigenetic rules and the importance of reproduction are considered, along with inclusive fitness and kin selection; kinship altruism (nepotism); reciprocal altruism; mate selection and parental investment, parent-child and sibling conflict; aggression and social order; and the biosocial view of culture. The next three chapters survey the theories and empirical findings that led to the sociobiological theory of incest, with particular reference to the views of Edward Westermarck as well as the kibbutz and the sim-pua. The propositions of the sociobiological theory of incest are then outlined. The book concludes by summarizing the classic theories of incest and synthesizing them in light of the sociobiological theory. This monograph is relevant to psychoanalysts, sociologists, biologists, anthropologists, and psychologists studying the problem of incest.

Speech and Language

1st Edition
Volume 3
June 28, 2014
Norman J. Lass
English
Paperback
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eBook
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Speech and Language: Volume 3, Advances in Basic Research and Practice is a compendium of papers that discusses theories, clinical issues, and pathology of language and speech. Some papers discuss theories of phonological development, the encoding/decoding system of language, and the application of phonological universals in speech pathology. Other papers deal with the role of the speech-language clinician, a psychological framework for speech perception, and the formulation of a model for biomechanical analysis of velopharyngeal structure and function. Several papers analyze speech control mechanisms in skilled and non-skilled speakers, the rationale for the delayed auditory feedback (DAF) treatment program, and biofeedback in relation to speech pathology. One paper cites a study of Williams (1974) that shows strategies used in learning a new phonetic system depend upon whether the speaker is still within the critical period for language learning or already well beyond it. The paper notes that if adults can ignore their previously learned sound system and be childlike again in their freedom to experiment and be sensitivity to their own results, then they can achieve supra-segmental and segmental nuances of a new language. The compendium can prove helpful for linguists, ethnologists, psychologists, speech therapists, researchers in linguistics or communications, and general readers interested in speech or learning issues.

Tone

1st Edition
May 10, 2014
Victoria A. Fromkin
English
eBook
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Tone: A Linguistic Survey is a nine-chapter text that considers the phonetics and phonology of tone from both a synchronic and a diachronic point of view. The first chapters deal with the physiological and perceptual correlations of tone. These chapters also describe the interactions of tonal and nontonal features. The succeeding chapters provide the phonetic basis for phonological tonal phenomena. These topics are followed by discussions of the physical and physiological aspects of tone, the number of possible contrastive tones in a language, and a suprasegmental representation of tones based on linguistic evidence. This text also summarizes the kinds of tone rules found in languages and the important syntactic function played by tone in a number of the world’s languages, particularly those in Africa. The final chapters look into the general and specific principles that constrain historical tone change. This book will prove useful to students with phonology course.

The Mentally Handicapped Adolescent

1st Edition
May 17, 2014
Eileen P. Baranyay
H. L. Freeman
English
Paperback
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eBook
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The Mentally Handicapped Adolescent: The Slough Project of the National Society for Mentally Handicapped Children: An Experimental Step Towards Life in the Community is a documentation of the said project. The title aims to examine the mechanisms of the project. The Slough projects aims to analyze the feasibility of effectively integrating mentally handicapped adolescent to the community through the training. The text first details the prospects of the project, and then proceeds to discussing the projects during its implementation. Next, the selection provides a retrospective analysis of the projects, along with the achievements of the project. The text also discusses the recommendation for future planning. The book will be of great interest to psychologists, sociologists, and community social workers.

Locomotion from Pre- to Post-Natal Life

1st Edition
May 12, 2014
André Thomas + 1 more
English
Paperback
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eBook
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Clinics in Developmental Medicine, No. 24: Locomotion from Pre- to Post-Natal Life: How the Newborn Begins to Acquire Psycho-Sensory Functions describes the examinations conducted to newborn infants. This book consists of five chapters. Chapter I discusses the methods of investigation such as the observations related to walking upwards on an inclined plane or stepping over. A case report of the neurological examination of a 15-minute-old newborn child is also deliberated. The first reactions to visual and auditory stimuli are covered in Chapter II, while the role of the upper limbs in equilibrium is emphasized in Chapter III. In Chapter IV, the “cloth on the face” test is described. The last chapter focuses on sympathetic reactivity, a study that has been limited to general cerebrospinal motility. This publication is valuable to pediatricians and medical practitioners concerned with the reactions of the infant during his first days of life.

Laboratory Experiments in the Social Sciences

2nd Edition
July 1, 2014
Murray Webster + 1 more
English
Paperback
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Hardback
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eBook
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While there are many books available on statistical analysis of data from experiments, there is significantly less available on the design, development, and actual conduct of the experiments. Laboratory Experiments in the Social Sciences summarizes how to design and conduct scientifically sound experiments, be they from surveys, interviews, observations, or experimental methods. The book encompasses how to collect reliable data, the appropriate uses of different methods, and how to avoid or resolve common problems in experimental research. Case study examples illustrate how multiple methods can be used to answer the same research questions and what kinds of outcome would result from each methodology. Sound data begins with effective data collection. This book will assist students and professionals alike in sociology, marketing, political science, anthropology, economics, and psychology.

Coursebook for Economics

2nd Edition
May 10, 2014
Richard Stroup + 2 more
English
Paperback
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eBook
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Coursebook for Economics: Private and Public Choice contains questions and problems dealing with market decisions, market process, taxes, government spending. The book is designed to help students using the textbook "Economics: Private and Public Choice, Second Edition." The text also provides a section on "Problems and Projects" which emphasizes mechanics and economic reasoning with case-study type problems, report preparation, or economic data presentation for hypothesis development. The book also provides "complex application"-type problems which can be solved by the student's utilization of economic principles to realistic situations. The text showcases selected articles in the section "Perspectives in Economics" to expand on important concepts, to explain historical viewpoints, as well as to offer original ideas of current influential economists. Among the articles are: "How Government Profits from Inflation;" "The Awful Year Inflation Ran Wild;" "How the Federal Reserve Decides How Much Money to Put into the Economy;" and "The Roller-Coaster Income Tax." The book is suitable for students of economics and business, sociologists, general readers interested in real-world economics, and policy makers involved in national economic development.

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