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Books in Physical sciences and engineering

  • Periodate Oxidation of Diol and Other Functional Groups

    Analytical and Structural Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • Glenn Dryhurst
    • R. Belcher + 1 more
    • English
    Periodate Oxidation of Diol and Other Functional Groups: Analytical and Structural Applications deals with the chemistry of organic periodate oxidations with special reference to the study of carbohydrates, along with their analytical and structural applications. This book explores the mechanistic aspects of the periodate reaction; its historical development; the nature of the so-called anomalous reactions; and some of the synthetic uses of periodate oxidation. This book is comprised of seven chapters and opens with a historical background on periodate oxidation, followed by a discussion on the preparation and properties of periodates. The reader is then introduced to the mechanism of periodate oxidation, with particular reference to 1,2-diols and 1,2-hydroxycarbonyl compounds as well as 1,2-diketones, 1,2-aminoalcohols, and active methylene groups. The remaining chapters consider the structure of carbohydrates and related materials; anomalous periodate oxidations; the analytical aspects and applications of periodate oxidation; and a number of tested and generally well-tried analytical procedures such as the Fleury-Lange method, Malaprade method, ion exchange, and spectrophotometric and polarographic techniques. This monograph will be a useful resource for organic chemists and advanced undergraduate students of chemistry.

  • The Chemistry of Chromium, Molybdenum and Tungsten

    Pergamon International Library of Science, Technology, Engineering and Social Studies
    • 1st Edition
    • Carl L. Rollinson
    • J. C. Bailar + 2 more
    • English
    The Chemistry of Chromium, Molybdenum and Tungsten deals with the chemistry of chromium, molybdenum, and tungsten. The discovery and history, occurrence and distribution, and production of all three elements are discussed, along with their industrial uses, preparation, and allotropes; nuclear, physical, and chemical properties; biological activities; and analytical chemistry. Organized into three sections, this volume begins with an overview of the history, occurrence and distribution, and production of chromium, molybdenum, and tungsten, as well as their industrial uses, preparation, and allotropes; nuclear, physical, and chemical properties; biological activities; and analytical chemistry. The intermetallic phases in binary alloys of all three elements are also considered, along with their oxidation states and respective compounds including compounds with non-metallic elements; compounds of ?-acceptor ligands; organometallic complexes; and peroxy compounds such as peroxychromates, tetraperoxy molybdates, and peroxy tungstates. This book will be of interest to inorganic chemists as well as students and researchers in the field of inorganic chemistry.

  • Quality Systems Handbook

    • 1st Edition
    • David Hoyle
    • David Hoyle
    • English
    Quality Systems Handbook is a reference book that covers concepts and ideas in quality system. The book is comprised of two parts. Part 1 provides the background information of ISO 9000, such as its origin, composition, application, and the strategies for registration. Part 2 covers topics relevant to the ISO 9000 requirements, which include design control, internal quality audits, and statistical techniques. The text will be useful to managers, auditors, and quality practitioners who require reference in the various aspects of quality systems.

  • Foundations of Anisotropy for Exploration Seismics

    Section I. Seismic Exploration
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 22
    • K. Helbig
    • English
    Over the last few years, anisotropy has become a "hot topic" in seismic exploration and seismology. It is now recognised that geological media deviate more or less from isotropy. This has consequences for acquisition, processing and interpretation of seismic data and also helps determine the cause of anisotropy and adds to our knowledge concerning the structure of the medium at scales beyond the resolution of the seismic method.This volume addresses the theoretical foundations of wave propagation in anisotropic media at an easily accessible level. The treatment is not restricted to exploration seismology. The book commences with fundamental material and covers the description of wave propagation in anisotropic conditions by means of slowness and wave surfaces. It continues to explore the theory of elasticity, the interaction of elasticity and material symmetry and conditions imposed by the stability of the medium. Wave propagation in general anisotropic solids are discussed referring in particular to singular and longitudinal directions. Slowness and wave surfaces in transversely isotropic media and in the planes of symmetry of orthorhombic media is presented and then moves on to wave propagation in orthorhombic media by means of "squared slowness surfaces". The latter part of the book deals with layer-induced anisotropy showing how a particular internal structure of a medium leads to anisotropy and how much of this structure can be recovered by "inversion" of the modelling algorithm. A few fundamental aspects of exploration seismology are also discussed. The final chapter discusses how concepts which were developed by Kelvin, but only recently understood, can be utilised to determine the symmetry class and orientation of an elastic medium.

  • Principles of Engineering Design

    • 1st Edition
    • Vladimir Hubka
    • English
    Principles of Engineering Design discusses design applicability to machine systems, the nature and scope of technical processes, technical systems, machine systems, the human design engineer, the design process, and cases related to methods and procedures. The text deals with the structure, mode of action, properties, origination, development, and systematics of such technical systems. It analyzes the design process in terms of case problems, modelling, structure, strategies, tactics, representation, and working means. It also describes in detail the general model of a methodical procedure: separate design steps are treated in a unified fashion from different perspectives. The text notes that the tasks and methods of design research involve the following: (1) Components—determini... structural elements in the design process; (2) Sequence—determining a general procedural model for the design process with a minimum of failures; (3) Modifications—what changes in factors affect the design process; and (5) Tactics—selection for individual design operations to obtain optimal results. A case study exemplifies the significant stages of design of a welding positioner. The book is highly recommended for students and the practicing design engineer in various fields.

  • Oxygen and Ozone

    Solubility Data Series
    • 1st Edition
    • Rubin Battino
    • English
    Oxygen and Ozone deals with the solubility of oxygen and ozone in pure liquids, liquid mixtures, aqueous and organic solutions, biological fluids, and some miscellaneous solvents and mixtures. The coverage is on gas/liquid systems at high and low pressures. Individual data sheets for each gas/liquid system are included. This volume consists of three sections and begins with an introduction to the solubility of gases in liquids, with emphasis on the solubility of oxygen in water at atmospheric pressure. Oxygen solubilities up to and above 200 kPa (2 bar) in media such as water, hydrocarbons, organic compounds, and biological and miscellaneous fluids are presented. The overall mechanism of ozone decomposition in aqueous systems is then discussed, along with the steps involved in the gas-liquid equilibrium. An experimental approach for determining the solubility of ozone in aqueous systems in which significant decomposition occurs is also described. This book will be a valuable source of information for chemists.

  • Aerosols and the Lung

    Clinical and Experimental Aspects
    • 1st Edition
    • Stewart W. Clarke + 1 more
    • English
    Aerosols and the Lung covers all aspects of aerosols and the lung, including the use of aerosol in clinical medicine. This volume was developed from the editors' longstanding interest in lung defenses coupled with the radioaerosol technique of assessing their efficiency. This book is organized into 11 chapters. The coverage of these chapters include the physical properties of aerosol required to evaluate their inhalation into the lung, production of aerosol that is suitable for inhalation, determination of aerosol deposition in the lungs and the assessment of lung clearance. This book also highlights the importance of radioaerosols in estimating airway calibre, in detecting airway disease and in ventilation imaging. This book will be of interest to medical students and professionals, particularly those dealing with studies of the human lungs and aerosols.

  • Absorption Spectra and Chemical Bonding in Complexes

    • 1st Edition
    • C. K. Jørgensen
    • English
    Absorption Spectra and Chemical Bonding in Complexes focuses on chemical bonding in transition group complexes and molecules, including molecular orbitals, absorption bands, and energy levels. The book first outlines the history of chemical bonding, giving emphasis to different theories that paved the way for further studies in this field. The text then examines the energy levels of a configuration and molecular orbitals and microsymmetry. The publication takes a look at the interelectronic repulsion in M.O. configurations, the characteristics of absorption bands, and spectrochemical series. Electron transfer spectra, energy levels in complexes with almost spherical symmetry, molecular orbitals lacking spherical symmetry, and chemical bonding are also discussed. The book examines the determination of complex species in solution and their formation constants; survey of the chemistry of heavy, metallic elements; and tables of absorption spectra. The manuscript is a dependable source of data for physicists and group theorists interested in absorption spectra and chemical bonding.

  • Introduction to Petroleum Chemicals

    Based on Lectures Given at the Manchester College of Science and Technology
    • 1st Edition
    • H. Steiner
    • English
    Introduction to Petroleum Chemicals emerged from a series of lectures on the petroleum chemical industry given at the Manchester College of Science and Technology during the fall and winter of 1959. The book does not claim to be an exhaustive treatment of petroleum chemicals, but attempts to a survey of the important aspects of the industry at its present level of development. The course was given by chemists and chemical engineers engaged in the chemical industry of Britain, giving the text a British and European, as distinct from American, flavor. The book begins with a discussion of the cracking to olefins of liquid hydrocarbons. This is followed by separate chapters on separation processes for olefins; derivatives of ethylene and propylene; olefin polymerization process; and properties of polyethylenes and polypropylenes. Subsequent chapters cover the production and utilization of butadiene and isobutylene; aromatics production; manufacturing, properties, and uses of styrene and polystyrene; production of acetylene from hydrocarbons; and the carbon black industry.

  • Quantum Chaos

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 119
    • G. Casati + 2 more
    • English
    The study of quantum systems which are chaotic in the classical limit (quantum chaos or quantum chaology) is a very new field of research. Not long ago, it was still considered as an esoteric subject, however this attitude changed radically when it was realized that this subject is relevant to many of the more mature branches of physics.This book presents the accumulated knowledge available up until now and at the same time introduces topics which are being intensively studied at present. Their relevance to other fields such as condensed matter, atomic and nuclear physics is also discussed. The lectures have been divided into two rough categories - background and advanced lectures.

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