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    • Sensory Assessment of Water Quality

      Pergamon Series on Environmental Science
      • 1st Edition
      • B. C. J. Zoeteman
      • O. Hutzinger + 1 more
      • English
      Environmental Science, Volume 2: Sensory Assessment of Water Quality presents the methods for sensory water quality assessment. This book discusses the various aspects of the problem of impaired taste and odor of water. Organized into seven chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the significance attributed to sensory assessment of water quality. This text then examines the results obtained on sensory water quality assessment and on general water quality appraisal. Other chapters describe the 20 types of drinking water and consider the effects of the sensory water quality assessment factors on water consumption. This book discusses as well the types of chemical compounds present and their relation to water taste. The final chapter deals with the number of applications and recommendations to assess sensory water quality aspects at least weekly in the case of surface water supplies by making an inquiry among the consumers located in the area served. This book is a valuable resource for chemists.

    • Discharge of Sewage from Sea Outfalls

      Proceedings of an International Symposium Held at Church House, London, 27 August to 2 September 1974
      • 1st Edition
      • A. L. H. Gameson
      • English
      Supplement to Progress in Water Technology: Discharge of Sewage from Sea Outfalls is a proceeding of an international symposium held at Church House, London on 27 August to 2 September 1974. Said symposium is concerned with the pollution and dangers to health of sewage discharged from sea outfalls. The book discusses the discharge of sewage from sea outfalls and the problems associated with it according to location: the North Sea, the Mediterranean, the United States, Hong Kong, and the Baltic. Also covered in the book are the effects of pollutants, heavy metals, and microorganisms on the marine environment; how pollutants can be used as an indicator of pollution; and means of the elimination of pollutants. The text is recommended to sanitation engineers, port authorities, marine biologists, and officials concerned with aquatic resources and residential areas along coastlines.

    • Civil Engineering for Underground Rail Transport

      • 1st Edition
      • J. T. Edwards
      • English
      Civil Engineering for Underground Rail Transport focuses on civil engineering techniques in underground rail construction. The book first discusses the need for underground rail transport, including justification of underground systems and the techniques of civil engineering in underground construction. The text looks at civil engineering aspects of route planning. Curvature and gradients, drainage, ventilation, working sites, rolling stock depots, and construction materials are discussed. The book also discusses civil engineering aspects of station location and design, ground treatment, and tracks for underground railways. The text then examines cut and cover design and construction in reinforced concrete. Form and layout, construction methods, soil/structure interaction, reinforced concrete design, and design development are described. The compilation also looks at the construction of concrete piling and diaphragm walls, hand-dug caissons or wells, large reinforced concrete caissons, and immersed-tube and precast concrete tunnels. Tunneling machines and types of tunnels are also described. The book is a good source of information for readers interested in civil engineering.

    • Geodynamics of Rifting

      • 1st Edition
      • P.A. Ziegler
      • English
      This volume contains papers giving an interdisciplinary review of 12 major rift systems from North and South America, Africa, Europe and Asia. These papers are written by an international group of academic and industrial specialists each of whom is most knowledgeable about the respective rift. The analyzed rifts were selected on the basis of availability of an as-complete-as-possi... geological and geophysical data base. Thirteen papers deal with geodynamic processes governing the evolution of rifts.A comprehensive digest of the available stratigraphic, structural, geophysical and petrological data, together with an extensive list of references, is provided for each of the analyzed rift systems. The megatectonic setting and dynamics of evolution of each basin is discussed. Geodynamic models are tested against the record of the analyzed rifts.The question of "active" as against "passive" rifting is addressed. The rifts analyzed range in age from Precambrian to Recent and cover a wide spectrum of megatectonic settings. There is discussion of the evolution of rifts in a plate-tectonic frame. The case histories are followed by discussions addressing the global setting of rifts and geodynamic processes active during the development of rifted basins.

    • Regolith Exploration Geochemistry in Tropical and Subtropical Terrains

      • 1st Edition
      • Volume 4
      • C.R.M. Butt + 1 more
      • English
      The use of exploration geochemistry has increased enormously in the last decade. The present volume specifically addresses those geochemical exploration practices appropriate for tropical, sub-tropical and adjacent areas – in environments ranging from rainforest to desert. Practical recommendations are made for the optimization of sampling, and analytical and interpretational procedures for exploration according to the particular nature of tropically weathered terrains. The underlying theme is the recognition that regions between 35°N and 35°S in particular have a common history of deep chemical weathering and lateritization during the late Mesozoic and early Tertiary. This has had a profound and lasting effect, so that the surface geochemical expressions of mineralization throughout these regions have many similar features, with local modification due to more recent weathering under changed climates.The volume discusses the data derived from numerous research and case studies in terms of exploration and dispersion models based on the weathering and geomorphological history. The models permit valid comparisons between equivalent terrains that may be geographically widely separated and situated in quite different climatic environments. The basis of the volume is to view geochemical dispersion within the context of a genetic understanding of the evolution of landforms and the regolith (i.e. landscape geochemistry) and to develop exploration procedures based on this understanding.This book should be of interest to exploration geochemists, economic geologists, soil scientists, geomorphologists and environmental geochemists.

    • The Encyclopedia of Mass Spectrometry

      Volume 9: Historical Perspectives, Part A: The Development of Mass Spectrometry
      • 1st Edition
      • English
      Volume 9: Historical Perspectives, Part A: The Development of Mass Spectrometry of The Encyclopedia of Mass Spectrometry describes and analyzes the development of many aspects of Mass Spectrometry. Beginning with the earliest types of Mass Analyzers, Historical Perspectives explores the development of many different forms of analytical processes and methods. The work follows various instruments and interfaces, to the current state of detectors and computerization. It traces the use of Mass Spectrometry across many different disciplines, including Organic Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Proteomics; Environmental Mass Spectrometry; Forensic Science; Imaging; Medical Monitoring and Diagnosis; Earth and Planetary Sciences; and Nuclear Science.Finally, the book covers the history of manufacturers and societies as well as the professionals who form the Mass Spectrometry community. Also available: Volume 9: Historical Perspectives, Part B: Notable People in Mass Spectrometry briefly reviews the lives and works of many of the major people who carried out this development.

    • Origin and Distribution of the Elements

      International Series of Monographs in Earth Sciences
      • 1st Edition
      • L. H. Ahrens
      • English
      Origin and Distribution of the Elements, Volume 30 presents detailed studies of trace elements and isotopes and the use of these data with the techniques of physical and organic chemistry to make relevant interpretations in geology. This book discusses some of the problems of applied chemistry. Organized into five sections encompassing 89 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the theories of nucleosynthesis that are based on broad empirical foundations involving experiment in nuclear physics and observation in geophysics and astronomy. This text then explores the primeval abundance of the elements wherein the composition of the material from which the Galaxy is formed. Other chapters consider the production of helium in the galaxy. This book discusses as well the dynamics of the cores of highly evolved massive stars. The final chapter deals with the measurements of site populations in crystal structures by electron diffraction and X-ray. Physicists, astronomers, geologists, and geochemists will find this book extremely useful.

    • Advances in Machine Tool Design and Research 1969

      Proceedings of the 10th International M.T.D.R. Conference, University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology, September 1969
      • 1st Edition
      • S. A. Tobias + 1 more
      • English
      Advances in Machine Tool Design and Research 1969 focuses on the processes, methodologies, and techniques in the design of machine tools. The book contains the proceedings of the 10th International M.T.D.R. Conference held at the University of Manchester in September 1969. The selection first discusses examples and problems in the implementation of modern design features on large machine tools and development of numerically controlled conventional turning machines. The book reviews the theory and practice of fluid dampers in machine tools, including eccentricity of cylindrical film dampers, border effect, and vapor and gas pressure. The text also discusses tool life vibrations of grinding wheels as a function of vibration amplitude; thermal deformations of gear-cutting machines; thermal behavior of machine tools; and the effects of thermal deformation on the cylindrical accuracy in grinding process. The book also takes a look at the trends in manufacturing systems concepts and technical criteria to be used when purchasing machine tools. The selection is a dependable reference for readers interested in machine tool design.

    • Lead in the Marine Environment

      Proceedings of the International Experts Discussion on Lead Occurrence, Fate and Pollution in the Marine Environment, Rovinj, Yugoslavia, 18-22 October 1977
      • 1st Edition
      • Marko Branica + 1 more
      • English
      Lead in the Marine Environment covers the proceedings of the International Experts Discussion on Lead Occurrence, Fate, and Pollution in the Marine Environment, held in Rovinj, Yugoslavia on October 18-22, 1977. The book focuses on the release of lead to the environment, including the techniques, processes, and technologies involved in the analysis of lead in marine ecosystems. The selection first highlights the impact of human on coastal marine ecosystems; analysis of natural and industrial lead in marine ecosystems; and the occurrence of lead in Northeast Pacific and the effects of anthropogenic inputs. The book also looks at the voltammetric determination of the stability constants of the predominant labile lead complexes in sea water, as well as investigations on the nature of the effective carbonato ligand and experimental verification of a chemical model for trace metal speciation in sea water. The publication reviews studies of lead in water and biological materials using X-ray emission spectroscopy; theoretical studies of the chemical speciation of lead in sea water; and input of lead into the Mediterranean through rivers. The text also explains the chelation of lead by organic ligands in sea water and potentialities and limitations of atomic absorption spectroscopy in environmental and biological materials with reference to lead determinations. Concerns include aspects of chelation of heavy metal traces in sea water and typical lead values and analytical data for biological and environmental materials. The selection is a vital source of data for readers interested in studying the effects of lead on the environment.

    • Chronic Radiation Hazards

      An Experimental Study with Fast Neutrons
      • 1st Edition
      • G.J. Neary + 2 more
      • English
      Chronic Radiation Hazards: An Experimental Study with Fast Neutrons describes a large-scale experiment on the hazards to be expected from low and very low levels of chronic irradiation by fast neutrons. Fast neutrons may be an environmental hazard around nuclear reactors and some machines for accelerating particles, and it is therefore of practical as well as academic importance to get some idea of the likely ill-effects of chronic irradiation by fast neutrons. The book is organized into four parts. Part I describes the experimental design, including factors such choice of animal, choice of dose rate, observation of radiation effects, dose measurements, and energy of the neutrons. Part II deals with the measurement of fast neutron dose. Topics discussed include Interaction of neutrons with light elements; energy absorption due to fast neutrons; energy absorption due to gamma rays; and ionization-dose and ionization-flux relations for fast neutrons. Part III discusses the results of fast neutron irradiation while Part IV covers the relative biological efficiency of fast neutrons and gamma rays for chronic exposures.

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