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Books in Physical sciences and engineering

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    • Sustainable Fibres and Textiles

      • 1st Edition
      • May 29, 2017
      • Subramanian Senthilkannan Muthu
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 0 0 8 1 0 2 0 4 1 8
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 0 8 1 0 2 0 4 2 5
      Sustainable Fibres and Textiles provides a whole-lifecycle approach to the subject of sustainable textiles, from fiber production, through manufacturing and low-energy care and recycling. The scientific, industrial, regulatory and social aspects of this lifecycle are explored by an expert author team who bring global perspectives to this important subject. The first part of the book provides detailed coverage of the sustainable production of textiles, with chapters devoted to each of the main fiber types, including new biosynthetic fibers, such as textiles produced from Polylactic Acid (PLA). The second part examines sustainable production methods, focusing on low carbon production technologies and sustainable, low-pollution methods of processing and dyeing fabrics. The final sections explore the benefits of textiles designed to enable low-energy fabric care via both finishes used to treat the fabric and better care labelling. Re-use and recycling options are also covered, as are ethical aspects, such as fair trade fabrics.

    • Theory and Modeling of Cylindrical Nanostructures for High-Resolution Coverage Spectroscopy

      • 1st Edition
      • May 29, 2017
      • Stefano Bottacchi + 1 more
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 0 3 2 3 5 2 7 3 1 6
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 3 2 3 5 2 7 3 2 3
      Theory and Modeling of Cylindrical Nanostructures for High-Resolution Coverage Spectroscopy presents a new method for the evaluation of the coverage distribution of randomly deposited nanoparticles, such as single-walled carbon nanotubes and Ag nanowires over the substrate (oxides, SiO2, Si3N4, glass etc.), through height measurements performed by scanning probe microscopy techniques, like Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The deposition of nanoparticles and how they aggregate in multiple layers over the substrate is one of the most important aspects of solution processed materials determining device performances. The coverage spectroscopy method presented in the book is strongly application oriented and has several implementations supporting advanced surface analysis through many scanning probe microscopy techniques. Therefore this book will be of great value to both materials scientists and physicists who conduct research in this area.

    • Pretreatment for Reverse Osmosis Desalination

      • 1st Edition
      • May 29, 2017
      • Nikolay Voutchkov
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 0 1 2 8 0 9 9 5 3 7
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 1 2 8 0 9 9 4 5 2
      Pretreatment for Reverse Osmosis Desalination is a comprehensive reference on all existing and emerging seawater pretreatment technologies used for desalination. The book focuses on reverse osmosis membrane desalination, which at present is the most widely applied technology for the production of fresh drinking water from highly saline water sources (brackish water and seawater). Each chapter contains examples illustrating various pretreatment technologies and their practical implementation.

    • Stability and Vibrations of Thin-Walled Composite Structures

      • 1st Edition
      • May 29, 2017
      • Haim Abramovich
      • English
      • Hardback
        9 7 8 0 0 8 1 0 0 4 1 0 4
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 0 8 1 0 0 4 2 9 6
      Stability and Vibrations of Thin-Walled Composite Structures presents engineering and academic knowledge on the stability (buckling and post buckling) and vibrations of thin walled composite structures like columns, plates, and stringer stiffened plates and shells, which form the basic structures of the aeronautical and space sectors. Currently, this knowledge is dispersed in several books and manuscripts, covering all aspects of composite materials. The book enables both engineers and academics to locate valuable, up-to-date knowledge on buckling and vibrations, be it analytical or experimental, and use it for calculations or comparisons. The book is also useful as a textbook for advanced-level graduate courses.

    • Nanostructures for Antimicrobial Therapy

      • 1st Edition
      • May 29, 2017
      • Anton Ficai + 1 more
      • English
      • Hardback
        9 7 8 0 3 2 3 4 6 1 5 2 8
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 3 2 3 4 6 1 5 1 1
      Nanostructures for Antimicrobial Therapy discusses the pros and cons of the use of nanostructured materials in the prevention and eradication of infections, highlighting the efficient microbicidal effect of nanoparticles against antibiotic-resistant pathogens and biofilms. Conventional antibiotics are becoming ineffective towards microorganisms due to their widespread and often inappropriate use. As a result, the development of antibiotic resistance in microorganisms is increasingly being reported. New approaches are needed to confront the rising issues related to infectious diseases. The merging of biomaterials, such as chitosan, carrageenan, gelatin, poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) with nanotechnology provides a promising platform for antimicrobial therapy as it provides a controlled way to target cells and induce the desired response without the adverse effects common to many traditional treatments. Nanoparticles represent one of the most promising therapeutic treatments to the problem caused by infectious micro-organisms resistant to traditional therapies. This volume discusses this promise in detail, and also discusses what challenges the greater use of nanoparticles might pose to medical professionals. The unique physiochemical properties of nanoparticles, combined with their growth inhibitory capacity against microbes has led to the upsurge in the research on nanoparticles as antimicrobials. The importance of bactericidal nanobiomaterials study will likely increase as development of resistant strains of bacteria against most potent antibiotics continues.

    • Compositional Grading in Oil and Gas Reservoirs

      • 1st Edition
      • May 26, 2017
      • Rogerio Oliveira Esposito + 3 more
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 0 1 2 8 1 2 4 5 2 9
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 1 2 8 1 2 4 5 3 6
      Compositional Grading in Oil and Gas Reservoirs offers instruction, examples, and case studies on how to answer the challenges of modeling a compositional gradient subject. Starting with the basics on PVT analysis, applied thermodynamics, and full derivations of irreversible thermodynamic-based equations, this critical reference explains gravity-modified equations to be applied to reservoirs, enabling engineers to obtain fluid composition at any point of the reservoir from measured data to create a stronger model calibration. Once model-parameters are re-estimated, new sensibility can be acquired for more accurate modeling of composition, aiding engineers with stronger production curves, reserve estimations, and design of future development strategies. Multiple examples and case studies are included to show the application of the theory from very simple to more complex systems, such as actual reservoirs influenced by thermal diffusion and gravity simultaneously. Other example include a layer for which asphaltene precipitation takes place in the reservoir and three –phase flash algorithms for liquid-liquid-vapor equilibrium calculations, detailing the techniques necessary to ensure convergence. The book combines practical studies with the importance in modeling more complex phenomena, filling a gap for current and upcoming reservoir engineers to expand on solutions and make sense of their reservoir’s output results.

    • Lacustrine Shale Gas

      • 1st Edition
      • May 26, 2017
      • Xiangzeng Wang
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 0 1 2 8 1 3 3 0 0 2
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 1 2 8 1 3 3 0 1 9
      Lacustrine Shale Gas: Case Study from the Ordos Basin examines the special sedimentation and formation environment based on the actual exploration of lacustrine shale gas. Using the Chang7 black shale of Yanchang formation in Ordos basin as an example, this book deeply dissects the Lacustrine shale geological characteristics and offers fresh insights into Lacustrine shale geochemistry, shale reservoir, hydrocarbon accumulation and resource evaluation. The book not only enriches, develops and contributes to new theories of shale gas exploration, but also contributes to a new research field, lacustrine shale gas exploration. Shale gas is the mixed phase natural gas that includes adsorbed phase and free phase gas. It is accumulated in the rich organic matter in shale. In recent years, with great changes in global oil and gas exploration and energy supply situation, shale gas has attracted a lot of attention, becoming the focus of the energy industry.

    • Advances in Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics

      • 1st Edition
      • Volume 66
      • May 26, 2017
      • English
      • Hardback
        9 7 8 0 1 2 8 1 2 0 8 1 1
      • eBook
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      Advances in Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics, Volume 66 provides a comprehensive compilation of recent developments in a field that is in a state of rapid growth. New to this volume are chapters devoted to 2D Coherent Spectroscopy of Electronic Transitions, Nonlinear and Quantum Optical Properties and Applications of Intense Twin-Beams, Non-classical Light Generation from III-V and Group-IV Solid-State Cavity Quantum Systems, Trapping Atoms with Radio Frequency Adiabatic Potentials, Quantum Control of Optomechanical Systems, and Efficient Description of Bose–Einstein Condensates in Time-Dependent Rotating Traps. With timely articles written by distinguished experts that contain relevant review materials and detailed descriptions of important developments in the field, this series is a must have for those interested in the variety of topics covered.

    • Binary Polar Liquids

      • 1st Edition
      • May 26, 2017
      • Suresh C. Mehrotra + 2 more
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 0 1 2 8 1 3 2 5 3 1
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 1 2 8 1 3 2 5 4 8
      Binary Polar Liquids: Structural and Dynamic Characterization Using Spectroscopic Methods provides liquid state physical chemists and physicists with practical theoretical models based on a wealth of robust data that describe the dielectric properties of dipolar materials in a systematic manner. In many applications, reference measurements using dielectric permittivity data are required. Over the past three decades, the author has compiled and analyzed permittivity research data and relaxation times for various polar liquids and their mixtures. The resulting structural data - as determined from various models - is critically evaluated, arming scientists with a complete characterization of the spectra of water-containing mixtures.

    • Advances in Quantum Chemistry: Ratner Volume

      • 1st Edition
      • Volume 75
      • May 25, 2017
      • English
      • Hardback
        9 7 8 0 1 2 8 1 2 8 8 8 6
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 1 2 8 1 2 8 8 9 3
      Advances in Quantum Chemistry, Volume 75 presents work and reviews of current progress in computational quantum mechanics as presented by some of the world’s leading experts. This latest release includes chapters on Mean-Field Methods for Time-Dependent Quantum Dynamics of Many-Atom Systems, Electron–Ion Impact Energy Transfer in Nanoplasmas of Coulomb Exploding Clusters, Molecular Properties of Sandwiched Molecules Between Electrodes and Nanoparticles, Criterion for the Validity of D'Alembert's Equations of Motion, and A Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory Study of the Impact of Ligand Passivation on the Plasmonic Behavior of Ag Nanoclusters.

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