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Chemical Thermodynamics of Zirconium

  • 1st Edition
  • Volume 8
  • December 6, 2005
  • OECD + 3 more
  • English
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 0 4 5 7 5 3 - 6
This volume is part of the series on "Chemical Thermodynamics", published under the aegis of the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency. It contains a critical review of the literature on thermodynamic data for inorganic compounds of zirconium. A review team, composed of five internationally recognized experts, has critically reviewed all the scientific literature containing chemical thermodynamic information for the above mentioned systems. The results of this critical review carried out following the Guidelines of the OECD NEA Thermochemical Database Project have been documented in the present volume, which contains tables of selected values for formation and reaction thermodynamical properties and an extensive bibliography.

Chemical Thermodynamics of Compounds and Complexes of U, Np, Pu, Am, Tc, Se, Ni and Zr With Selected Organic Ligands

  • 1st Edition
  • Volume 9
  • November 4, 2005
  • OECD + 3 more
  • English
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 0 4 5 7 5 2 - 9
This volume is part of the series on "Chemical Thermodynamics", published under the aegis of the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency. It contains a critical review of the literature on thermodynamic data for compounds of complexes of oxalate, citrate, EDTA and iso-saccharinate with uranium, neptunium, plutonium, americium, technetium, selenium, nickel and zirconium. A review team, composed of five internationally recognized experts, has critically reviewed all the scientific literature containing chemical thermodynamic information for the above mentioned systems. The results of this critical review carried out following the Guidelines of the OECD NEA Thermochemical Database Project have been documented in the present volume, which contains tables of selected values for formation and reaction thermodynamical properties and an extensive bibliography.Contributed by: Wolfgang Hummel (Chairman), Paul Scherrer Institute, Switzerland, Giorgio Anderegg, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Switzerland, Linfeng Rao, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, U.S.A., Ignasi Puigdomènech, Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Co. (SKB), Sweden, and Osamu Tochiyama, Tohoku University, Japan.

Nanophysics: Coherence and Transport

  • 1st Edition
  • Volume 81
  • August 2, 2005
  • Hélène Bouchiat + 4 more
  • English
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 0 4 6 1 2 4 - 3
The developments of nanofabrication in the past years have enabled the design of electronic systems that exhibit spectacular signatures of quantum coherence. Nanofabricated quantum wires and dots containing a small number of electrons are ideal experimental playgrounds for probing electron-electron interactions and their interplay with disorder. Going down to even smaller scales, molecules such as carbon nanotubes, fullerenes or hydrogen molecules can now be inserted in nanocircuits. Measurements of transport through a single chain of atoms have been performed as well. Much progress has also been made in the design and fabrication of superconducting and hybrid nanostructures, be they normal/superconductor or ferromagnetic/superconductor. Quantum coherence is then no longer that of individual electronic states, but rather that of a superconducting wavefunction of a macroscopic number of Cooper pairs condensed in the same quantum mechanical state. Beyond the study of linear response regime, the physics of non-equilibrium transport (including non-linear transport, rectification of a high frequency electric field as well as shot noise) has received much attention, with significant experimental and theoretical insights. All these quantities exhibit very specific signatures of the quantum nature of transport, which cannot be obtained from basic conductance measurements. Basic concepts and analytical tools needed to understand this new physics are presented in a series of theoretical fundamental courses, in parallel with more phenomenological ones where physics is discussed in a less formal way and illustrated by many experiments.

Statistics of Linear Polymers in Disordered Media

  • 1st Edition
  • June 9, 2005
  • Bikas K. Chakrabarti
  • English
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 0 4 6 0 4 7 - 5
With the mapping of the partition function graphs of the n-vector magnetic model in the n to 0 limit as the self-avoiding walks, the conformational statistics of linear polymers was clearly understood in early seventies. Various models of disordered solids, percolation model in particular, were also established by late seventies. Subsequently, investigations on thestatistics of linear polymers or of self-avoiding walks in, say, porous medium or disordered lattices were started in early eighties. Inspite of the brilliant ideas forwarded and extensive studies made for the next two decades, the problem is not yet completely solved in its generality. This intriguing and important problem has remained since a topic of vigorous and active research.This book intends to offer the readers a first hand and extensive review of the various aspects of the problem, written by the experts in the respective fields. We hope, the contents of the book will provide a valuable guide for researchers in statistical physics of polymers and will surely induce further research and advances towards a complete understanding of the problem.

Geobiology: Objectives, Concepts, Perspectives

  • 1st Edition
  • May 10, 2005
  • N. Noffke
  • English
  • Hardback
    9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 4 - 5 2 0 1 9 - 7
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 0 9 3 1 1 4 - 2
Geobiology is an exciting and rapidly developing research discipline that opens new perspectives in understanding Earth as a system. To determine and to exploit its possibilities, this promising scientific field will benefit from a discussion of its definition as a research discipline, its objectives, and its methodological approaches. Such a spirited discussion is the goal of the book "Geobiology: Objectives, Concepts, Perspectives". Geobiology touches various subdisciplines of geology and biology in many ways. The book will serve biogeochemists, paleontologists, biomineralogists, microbiologists and many others as a forum to determine future directions of geobiological research. The book includes a section on the concept of geobiological studies, which combines the parent disciplines biology and geology. Several case studies describe geobiological investigations that serve to understand Earth in the present and past. The case studies give an overview of the general understanding of geobiology and lead the reader towards the current hot topics in this rising scientific discipline.

Chemical Thermodynamics of Nickel

  • 1st Edition
  • Volume 6
  • April 8, 2005
  • Myriam Illemassène + 3 more
  • English
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 0 4 5 7 5 4 - 3
In order to quantitatively predict the chemical reactions that hazardous materials may undergo in the environment, it is necessary to know the relative stabilities of the compounds and complexes that may be found under certain conditions. This type of calculations may be done using consistent chemical thermodynamic data, such as those contained in this book for inorganic compounds and complexes of nickel.

Methods and Models in Neurophysics

  • 1st Edition
  • Volume 80
  • December 11, 2004
  • Carson Chow + 4 more
  • English
  • Hardback
    9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 4 - 5 1 7 9 2 - 0
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 0 5 3 6 3 8 - 5
Neuroscience is an interdisciplinary field that strives to understand the functioning of neural systems at levels ranging from biomolecules and cells to behaviour and higher brain functions (perception, memory, cognition). Neurophysics has flourished over the past three decades, becoming an indelible part of neuroscience, and has arguably entered its maturity. It encompasses a vast array of approaches stemming from theoretical physics, computer science, and applied mathematics. This book provides a detailed review of this field from basic concepts to its most recent development.

Modern Aspects of Rare Earths and their Complexes

  • 1st Edition
  • December 9, 2003
  • Vinny R. Sastri + 4 more
  • English
  • Hardback
    9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 4 - 5 1 0 1 0 - 5
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 0 5 3 6 6 8 - 2
In order to use rare earths successfully in various applications, a good understanding of the chemistry of these elements is of paramount importance. Nearly three to four decades have passed since titles such as The Rare Earths edited by F.H. Spedding and A.H. Daane, The chemistry of the Rare Earth Elements by N.E. Topp and Complexes of the Rare Earths by S.P. Sinha were published. There have been many international conferences and symposia on rare earths, as well as the series of volumes entitled Handbook of Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths edited by K.A. Gschneidner and L. Eyring. Thus, there is a need for a new title covering modern aspects of rare earth complexes along with the applications. The present title consists of twelve chapters. 1. Introduction2. General aspects3. Stability of complexes4. Lanthanide complexes5. Structural chemistry of lanthanide compounds6. Organometallic complexes7. Kinetics and mechanisms of rare earths complexation8. Spectroscopy of lanthanide complexes9. Photoelectron spectroscopy of rare earths10. Lanthanide NMR shift reagents11. Environmental ecological biological aspects12. Applications The authors studied in schools headed by pioneers in rare earth chemistry, have a combined experience of one hundred and fifty years in inorganic chemistry, rare earth complex chemistry, nuclear and radiochemistry of rare earths and supramolecular chemistry. The present monograph is a product of this rich experience.

Magnetobiology

  • 1st Edition
  • March 8, 2002
  • Vladimir N. Binhi
  • English
  • Hardback
    9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 1 0 0 0 7 1 - 4
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 0 5 3 5 7 3 - 9
People are immersed in electromagnetic fields from such sources as power lines, domestic appliances, mobile phones, and even electrical storms. All living beings sense electric fields, but the physical origins of the phenomenon are still unclear. Magnetobiology considers the effects of electromagnetic fields on living organisms. It provides a comprehensive review of relevant experimental data and theoretical concepts, and discusses all major modern hypotheses on the physical nature of magnetobiological effects. It also highlights some problems that have yet to be solved and points out new avenues for research. Why do some people feel unwell during a lightning storm? Why is there a correlation between the level of electromagnetic background and the incidence of cancer? Why do so many medical centers use electromagnetic exposures to treat a wide variety of disorders in humans? The international scientific community is extremely interested in a theory of magnetobiology and the answers to these and other questions, as evidenced by the growing number of research associations in the United States, Europe, and other parts of the world. The World Health Organization (WHO) has named electromagnetic contamination in occupational and residential areas as a stress factor for human beings. This book stands out among recent texts on magnetobiology because it draws on a strong foundation of empirical and theoretical evidence to explain the various effects of magnetic fields on the human body. It contains the first comprehensive collection of experimental data bearing physical information, frequency and amplitude/power spectra, and original research data on how electromagnetic fields interfere with ions and molecules inside the proteins of living organisms.

Understanding Molecular Simulation

  • 2nd Edition
  • October 19, 2001
  • Daan Frenkel + 1 more
  • English
  • Hardback
    9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 2 6 7 3 5 1 - 1
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 0 5 1 9 9 8 - 2
Understanding Molecular Simulation: From Algorithms to Applications explains the physics behind the "recipes" of molecular simulation for materials science. Computer simulators are continuously confronted with questions concerning the choice of a particular technique for a given application. A wide variety of tools exist, so the choice of technique requires a good understanding of the basic principles. More importantly, such understanding may greatly improve the efficiency of a simulation program. The implementation of simulation methods is illustrated in pseudocodes and their practical use in the case studies used in the text. Since the first edition only five years ago, the simulation world has changed significantly -- current techniques have matured and new ones have appeared. This new edition deals with these new developments; in particular, there are sections on: Transition path sampling and diffusive barrier crossing to simulaterare events Dissipative particle dynamic as a course-grained simulation technique Novel schemes to compute the long-ranged forces Hamiltonian and non-Hamiltonian dynamics in the context constant-temperature and constant-pressure molecular dynamics simulations Multiple-time step algorithms as an alternative for constraints Defects in solids The pruned-enriched Rosenbluth sampling, recoil-growth, and concerted rotations for complex molecules Parallel tempering for glassy Hamiltonians Examples are included that highlight current applications and the codes of case studies are available on the World Wide Web. Several new examples have been added since the first edition to illustrate recent applications. Questions are included in this new edition. No prior knowledge of computer simulation is assumed.

Related subjects

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Materials physics

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