Skip to main content
Elsevier

Books in Machine learning

  • Autonomous Intelligence

    Designing the Future of Agentic Systems
    • 1st Edition
    • Shubham Mahajan + 1 more
    • English
    Autonomous Intelligence: Designing the Future of Agentic Systems provides insights into how autonomous technologies—from robots to AI-driven systems— are transforming industries and daily life. It explores how these intelligent agents operate independently, making decisions and taking actions without constant human intervention. Through clear explanations and real-world examples, the book serves as a gateway for both novices and experts as it simplifies the complexities of autonomous systems. Autonomous Intelligence: Designing the Future of Agentic Systems is broken down into six parts: Foundations of AI and Autonomy; Understanding Agentic Intelligence; Technology Enablers and Architectures; Design, Safety, and Deployment; Sectoral Applications of Agentic AI; Societal, Ethical, and Future Considerations. It considers how these technologies function, as well as addressing concerns about their integration, their limitations, their potential benefits, and the possible risks. In a rapidly evolving field, the book looks at latest trends, applications, and research, and at the ethical and legal considerations, especially in areas like employment, privacy, and accountability. Ranging from academic and theoretical concepts to case studies and practical examples, Autonomous Intelligence: Designing the Future of Agentic Systems allows the reader to confidently engage with, apply, and respond to agentic intelligence in their study, work, and daily lives.

  • Federated Learning for the Metaverse

    Applications in Virtual Environments
    • 1st Edition
    • Noor Zaman Jhanjhi + 3 more
    • English
    Federated Learning for the Metaverse: Applications in Virtual Environments provides readers with insights into how federated learning, a decentralized machine learning paradigm, can be strategically applied to address critical aspects of the metaverse. The book covers a wide range of topics, including privacy-preserving personalization, security, collaboration, adaptive learning environments, real-time communication, decentralized governance, language understanding, immersive learning experiences, avatar customization, and dynamic scene rendering.

  • Advanced Concepts in Grey Wolf Optimizer

    Leading the Pack in Advanced Optimization
    • 1st Edition
    • Seyedali Mirjalili
    • English
    Advanced Concepts in Grey Wolf Optimizer: Leading the Pack in Advanced Optimization provides in-depth coverage of recent theoretical advancements in GWO, as well as advanced methods to handle issues such as multiple objectives, constraints, binary variables, large search spaces, dynamic goals, and uncertain data. This book assumes familiarity with optimization fundamentals and therefore dives directly into multi-objective, constrained, binary, and dynamic-environment variants, as well as GWO-ML/LLM hybrids. Extensive real-world case studies in areas such as energy systems, supply-chain design, LLM fine-tuning, robotics, and finance ensure that both scholars and engineers can translate the material into deployable solutions. The authors present important new theories, hybrids with Machine Learning/Deep Learning, and hybrid methods that increase GWO’s performance. The use of generative AI to improve this algorithm and make it more generic is also explored, along with diverse applications across multiple fields to illustrate the practical utility and versatility of the methods presented. Written by some of the world’s most highly cited researchers in the field of artificial intelligence, algorithms, and machine learning, the book serves as an advanced resource for researchers and practitioners interested in applying and developing the Grey Wolf Optimizer.

  • Cyber Threat Intelligence for Cloud Systems

    A Comprehensive Guide to Becoming an Analyst
    • 1st Edition
    • Gianni D'Angelo
    • English
    Cyber Threat Intelligence for Cloud Systems: A Comprehensive Guide to Becoming an Analyst begins with the foundational study of asset vulnerabilities, laying the groundwork for understanding the weak points within cloud environments. It then introduces tools and methodologies for the automated collection and supervision of data from assets, culminating in the exploration of advanced techniques, such as Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning for data analysis and automated threat response. Alongside theoretical concepts, the book includes practical examples, hands-on exercises in Python, existing tools, and real-world case studies to help readers solidify their understanding and apply what they’ve learned.Cybersecurit... is one of the fastest-growing fields in today’s technological landscape, and with the increasing complexity and pervasiveness of cyber threats, especially in cloud environments, the need for qualified professionals such as Cyber Threat Analysts has never been more critical. Here, author Gianni D’Angelo provides the technical knowledge required to analyze and defend digital infrastructures, covering both traditional and modern approaches, highlighting how CTI supports decision-making and proactive defense strategies.

  • Explainable AI for Transparent and Trustworthy Medical Decision Support

    • 1st Edition
    • Abhishek Kumar + 4 more
    • English
    Explainable AI for Transparent and Trustworthy Medical Decision Support equips readers with a comprehensive and timely resource that presents the principles, methodologies, and real-world applications of explainable AI (XAI) within the medical context. Covering a wide range of use cases—from radiology and pathology to genomics and clinical decision support systems—the book provides in-depth discussions on how XAI techniques can enhance interpretability, improve clinician trust, meet regulatory requirements, and ultimately lead to better patient outcomes. The book demystifies the workings of machine learning models and highlights techniques that make them interpretable.It is designed to empower not only AI researchers and developers but also healthcare administrators and policymakers with the knowledge needed to evaluate, adopt, and trust AI solutions in critical medical applications. The book's authors bring together theory, implementation strategies, ethical implications, and case studies under one cover, offering a multidisciplinary perspective that aligns computer science with medical practice and healthcare policy.

  • Machine Learning Made Visual with Python

    • 1st Edition
    • Weisheng Jiang
    • English
    Machine Learning Made Visual with Python makes machine learning intuitive through Python coding and dynamic visualizations. The book helps readers grasp complex math concepts by showing how algorithms evolve step-by-step. Readers will learn how to develop a hands-on, visual, and practical path to mastering core machine learning algorithms. Importantly, the book includes practical examples and coding exercises.

  • Advanced Intelligence Methods for Data Science and Optimization

    • 1st Edition
    • Amir Hossein Gandomi + 2 more
    • English
    Advanced Intelligence Methods for Data Science and Optimization covers the latest research trends and applications of AI topics such as deep learning, reinforcement learning, evolutionary algorithms, Bayesian optimization, and swarm intelligence. The book is a comprehensive guide that provides readers with theoretical concepts and case studies for applying advanced intelligence methods to real-world problems. Authored by a team of renowned experts in the field, the book offers a holistic approach to understanding and applying intelligence methods across various domains.It explores the fundamental concepts of data science and optimization, providing a strong foundation for readers to build upon, and will be a welcomed resource for AI researchers, data scientists, engineers, and developers on key topics such as evolutionary optimization techniques, reinforcement learning, Natural Language Processing, Bayesian optimization, advanced analytics for large-scale data, fuzzy logic, quantum computing, graph theory, convex optimization, differential evolution, and more.

  • Grey Wolf Optimizer

    A Pack of Solutions for Your Optimization Problems
    • 1st Edition
    • Seyedali Mirjalili
    • English
    Grey Wolf Optimizer: A Pack of Solutions for Your Optimization Problems offers in-depth coverage of recent theoretical advancements in GWO, as well as several variants, improvements, and hybrid approaches developed to enhance the GWO's performance and adaptability. The use of generative AI to improve this algorithm and make it more generic is also explored, along with diverse applications across multiple fields to illustrate the practical utility and versatility of the methods presented. The book offers a deep dive into the algorithm's foundations and presents new developments to help researchers overcome common challenges.It features numerous case studies and real-world examples across various fields, such as engineering, healthcare, finance, and environmental management. These applications demonstrate the versatility and effectiveness of the GWO in addressing complex, interdisciplinary challenges, making the content highly relevant and practical for readers. Written by some of the world’s most highly cited researchers in the field of artificial intelligence, algorithms, and machine learning, the book serves as an essential resource for researchers and practitioners interested in applying and developing the Grey Wolf Optimizer.

  • LLMs in Practice

    Real World Applications, Challenges and Success Stories
    • 1st Edition
    • Kiran Jot Singh + 3 more
    • English
    LLMs in Practice: Real World Applications, Challenges and Success Stories offers a deeply applied, interdisciplinary perspective on how Large Language Models (LLMs) are being integrated into the real world—spanning industries, healthcare, education, governance, mental health, creative domains, and intelligent systems. The book presents a blend of technical insights, sector-specific applications, governance frameworks, and ethical considerations. Designed for both academic and professional audiences, it equips readers to responsibly deploy LLMs while fostering innovation, equity, and scalability. The book addresses a significant gap in current literature by offering a focused, practice-oriented examination on how LLMs are being applied across diverse real-world domains.While there is widespread academic and public interest in generative AI, there exists no single resource that cohesively captures its deployment frameworks, sector-specific applications, ethical considerations, and pedagogical integration—especial... from a multidisciplinary and global perspective. This book provides deployment guidance, prompt optimization, and reliability strategies; governance frameworks, risk mitigation tools, and audit strategies; and offers case studies, instructional models, project templates, career-aligned examples, and skill-building paths.

  • Essential Kubeflow

    Engineering ML Workflows on Kubernetes
    • 1st Edition
    • Prashanth Josyula + 2 more
    • English
    Essential Kubeflow: Engineering ML Workflows on Kubernetes provides the tools needed to transform ML workflows from experimental notebooks to production-ready platforms. Through hands-on examples and production-tested patterns, readers will master essential skills for building enterprise-grade Machine Learning platforms, including architecting production systems on Kubernetes, designing end-to-end ML pipelines, implementing robust model serving, efficiently scaling workloads, managing multi-user environments, deploying automated MLOps workflows, and integrating with existing ML tools. Whether you're a Machine Learning engineer looking to operationalize models, a platform engineer diving into ML infrastructure, or a technical leader architecting ML systems, this book provides solutions for real-world challenges.With this comprehensive guide to Kubeflow, a widely adopted open source MLOps platforms for automating ML workloads, readers will have the expertise to build and maintain scalable ML platforms that can handle the demands of modern enterprise AI initiatives.

  • Deep Learning in Bioinformatics

    Techniques and Applications in Practice
    • 2nd Edition
    • Habib Izadkhah
    • English
    Deep Learning in Bioinformatics: Techniques and Applications in Practice, Second Edition explores how deep learning can be utilized for addressing important problems in bioinformatics, including drug discovery, de novo molecular design, sequence analysis, protein structure prediction, gene expression regulation, protein classification, biomedical image processing and diagnosis, biomolecule interaction prediction, and in systems biology. The book also presents theoretical and practical successes of deep learning in bioinformatics, pointing out problems and suggesting future research directions. This updated edition includes several new chapters, applications, and examples for new Deep Learning advances and techniques.Dr. Izadkhah provides valuable insights and will help researchers use deep learning techniques in their biological and bioinformatics studies.

  • Data Science, Interactive Visualizations, and Generative AI Tools for the Analysis of Qualitative, Mixed-Methods, and Multimodal Evidence

    • 1st Edition
    • Manuel González CanchĂ©
    • English
    Too many qualitative and mixed-methods researchers are currently being asked to make an impossible choice: either remain outside the world of advanced data science and artificial intelligence, or enter it by learning programming, relying on expensive proprietary platforms, and uploading sensitive data to external servers. This book begins from a different premise: researchers should not have to choose between rigor, accessibility, privacy, and interpretive depth. Data Science, Interactive Visualizations, and Generative AI Tools for the Analysis of Qualitative, Mixed-Methods, and Multimodal Evidence presents an integrated methodological ecosystem for ethical and equity-driven data science in qualitative and mixed-methods research. It is designed for scholars working with textual, relational, temporal, affective, spatial, visual, and multimodal evidence who want access to rigorous data science and AI-supported analytic tools without needing to master programming, pay recurring fees, or surrender control of sensitive materials.The book introduces a fully local, no-code ecosystem of software tools for analyzing complex evidence across multiple layers of inquiry—from language and structure to time, emotion, interaction, and context. Special attention is given to ISARI (Intelligent Systems for Academic Research Integration), a fully offline, open-source, multimodal brainstorming partner designed to support scholarly memoing, comparison, synthesis, and evidence-grounded writing. ISARI is presented not as a substitute for interpretation, but as part of a broader local analytic environment in which computational outputs remain accountable to researchers’ judgment and to participants’ original evidence.This is not a book about replacing researchers with AI. It is a book about giving researchers ethical, privacy-conscious, and equity-driven access to advanced analytic tools that have too often remained restricted to those with programming expertise or privileged institutional support. By bringing together interactive visualizations, machine learning, natural language processing, geocontextualization... temporal analysis, relational modeling, and local generative AI, this book offers a practical and forward-looking vision for doing rigorous research without compromising transparency, scholarly control, or data sovereignty. It is intended for researchers, faculty, graduate students, institutional analysts, and interdisciplinary scholars interested in expanding their analytic toolkit while preserving methodological accountability and interpretive authority.

  • Understanding Models Developed with AI

    Including Applications with Python and MATLAB Code
    • 1st Edition
    • Ă–mer Faruk ErtuÄźrul + 2 more
    • English
    Understanding Models Developed by AI: Including Applications with Python and MATLAB Code is a comprehensive guide on the intricacies of AI models and their real-world applications. The book demystifies complex AI methodologies by providing clear explanations and practical examples that are reinforced with Python and MATLAB program codes. Its content structure emphasizes a practical, applications-driven approach to understanding AI models, with hands-on coding examples throughout each chapter. Readers will find the tools they need to build AI models, along with the knowledge to make these models accessible and interpretable to stakeholders, thus fostering trust and reliability in AI systems.As the primary issues with the adoption of AI/ML models are reliability, transparency, interpretation of results, and bias (data and algorithm) management, this resource give researchers and developers what they need to be able to not only implement AI models, but also interpret and explain them. This is crucial in industries where decision-making processes must be transparent and understandable.

  • Smart Wearable IoT

    Principles and Implementation of Development Modules with Wireless Biomedical SOC
    • 1st Edition
    • Shuenn-Yuh Lee + 1 more
    • English
    Smart Wearable IoT: Principles and Implementation of Development Modules with Wireless Biomedical SoC focuses on the development of intelligent wearable technology integrated with the Internet and various platforms. The book provides detailed guidance on building a user-friendly development platform that features intelligent wearable systems, including bio-signal SoCs/modules, user-friendly websites/apps, and artificial intelligence (AI) systems on edge/cloud. By exploring specific case studies, such as the ECG-based fatigue analysis system, readers will gain fundamental knowledge in biosignal acquisition and processing.This hands-on approach enables users to understand the integration of digital signal processing and artificial intelligence in analyzing physiological data, ultimately enhancing their skills in developing innovative wearable solutions.

  • Data Compression for Data Mining Algorithms

    • 1st Edition
    • Xiaochun Wang
    • English
    Data Compression for Data Mining Algorithms tackles the important problems in the design of more efficient data mining algorithms by way of data compression techniques and provides the first systematic and comprehensive description of the relationships between data compression mechanisms and the computations involved in data mining algorithms. Data mining algorithms are powerful analytical techniques used across various disciplines, including business, engineering, and science. However, in the big data era, tasks such as association rule mining and classification often require multiple scans of databases, while clustering and outlier detection methods typically depend on Euclidean distance for similarity measures, leading to high computational costs.Data Compression for Data Mining Algorithms addresses these challenges by focusing on the scalarization of data mining algorithms, leveraging data compression techniques to reduce dataset sizes and applying information theory principles to minimize computations involved in tasks such as feature selection and similarity computation. The book features the latest developments in both lossless and lossy data compression methods and provides a comprehensive exposition of data compression methods for data mining algorithm design from multiple points of view.Key discussions include Huffman coding, scalar and vector quantization, transforms, subbands, wavelet-based compression for scalable algorithms, and the role of neural networks, particularly deep learning, in feature selection and dimensionality reduction. The book’s contents are well-balanced for both theoretical analysis and real-world applications, and the chapters are well organized to compose a solid overview of the data compression techniques for data mining. To provide the reader with a more complete understanding of the material, projects and problems solved with Python are interspersed throughout the text.

  • Distributed AI in the Modern World

    Technical and Social Aspects of Interacting Intelligent Agents
    • 1st Edition
    • Andrei Olaru + 3 more
    • English
    Distributed AI in the Modern World: Technical and Social Aspects of Interacting Intelligent Agents presents state-of-the-art insights into the various forms of distribution of artificial intelligence, with practical application instances. Sections provide readers with practical solutions at an architectural level, with solutions presented on the distribution of the learning process and the utilization of machine learning models in a distributed system, tools that enable the distribution and interaction of artificial learning entities, how multi-agent systems and machine learning can be combined, the physical embodiment of intelligent agents, and the interaction of intelligent computing units bound to physical space.Following sections emphasize the challenges that are common to all scenarios and solutions that apply in a wider range of cases. This book does not analyze the internal workings of machine learning models (for instance, in the case of multi-agent reinforcement learning), but instead provides readers with an overview of the challenges brought by the need of artificially intelligent entities to interact with other entities and with their environments, along with practical solutions at an architectural level.

  • Digital Supply Chain Transformation

    Implementing Technology, Analytics, and Data-Driven Solutions
    • 1st Edition
    • Vinaytosh Mishra
    • English
    Digital Supply Chain Transformation: Implementing Technology, Analytics, and Data-Driven Solutions delves into the intricate world of supply chain management, emphasizing the role of digital transformation in modern supply chains. Through a blend of theoretical learning and practical applications, readers will gain a deep understanding of foundational supply chain principles while exploring emerging trends and technologies reshaping the industry. Topics such as system dynamics modelling, machine learning, artificial intelligence, and end-to-end visibility are explored in-depth, equipping readers with the tools and knowledge needed to excel in the rapidly evolving landscape of supply chain management. Readers will learn how comprehend core principles and elements of supply chain management and its pivotal role in businesses and industries, recognize the significance of digital transformation in supply chains, understand the tools, technologies, and strategies essential for a successful transformation, evaluate the importance of end-to-end supply chain visibility, employ methods and technologies to enhance this visibility in practical scenarios, and apply system dynamics modeling techniques to address complex supply chain problems to optimize supply chain processes, and much more.

  • AI-Driven Human-Machine Interaction for Biomedical Engineering

    Concepts, Applications, and Methodologies
    • 1st Edition
    • Kapil Gupta + 4 more
    • English
    AI-Driven Human-Machine Interaction for Biomedical Engineering: Concepts, Applications, and Methodologies offers a comprehensive examination of the intricate relationship between humans and machines, particularly through the transformative lens of artificial intelligence (AI). As AI technologies rapidly evolve, understanding their implications for human-machine interaction (HMI) has become essential across various domains, especially healthcare. Structured into well-defined chapters, the book begins with an introduction to AI-driven HMI, laying the groundwork for understanding its significance in sustainable healthcare and beyond. Subsequent chapters explore critical topics such as machine learning principles, advanced biomedical data classification methods, and the role of AI in telemedicine.Readers will delve into cutting-edge techniques, from deep learning to non-invasive computer vision, while also examining the implications of these technologies across industries. Each chapter equips readers with actionable insights and highlights emerging trends, ethical considerations, and the future of AI in HMI, ensuring a well-rounded perspective on this dynamic field. This is an invaluable resource for researchers, academics, and students in the fields of Biomedical Engineering, Computer Science, Data Science, Artificial Intelligence, and Healthcare Technology.

  • Deep Learning Assessment of Neurological Imaging

    • 1st Edition
    • Tripti Goel + 3 more
    • English
    Deep Learning Assessment of Neurological Imaging provides an introduction to deep learning structures and pre-processing methods for detecting MRI anomalies. The book also provides a comprehensive accounting of deep learning research on MRI images for Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and schizophrenia, and includes a discussion on current research issues and future objectives. This book is a valuable resource to guide new entrants in the field, helping them make a meaningful impact in their development efforts. The book concludes with a brief overview of problems and potential future advancements in the field.

  • The AI Ideal

    AIdealism and the Governance of AI
    • 1st Edition
    • Niklas Lidströmer
    • English
    The AI Ideal: Aidealism and the Governance of AI offers an actionable vision for ensuring AI strengthens democracy, ethics, and human dignity. Instead of allowing AI to concentrate power in the hands of a few, the book argues for a new global framework—one where AI serves justice, enlightenment, and human betterment. Rooted in European Enlightenment ideals, Scandinavian social models and liberalism, and Swiss direct democracy, Aidealism rejects extreme ideologies and champions pragmatic, ethical, and forward-thinking solutions. From free education and healthcare to AI-driven economic justice and climate responsibility, this book explores how AI can help build a sustainable, free, and prosperous world. Instead of a warning of the catastrophe of AI, Dr. Lidströmer offers an actionable vision for ensuring AI strengthens democracy, ethics, and human dignity. The book explicitly gives a manifesto for practical action, including a plan for how to harness and use AI for the common good so that it benefits everyone, not just the few. It elaborates on the daily conundrums of the human species; our nature, origins, goodness and cruelty, memes, hierarchies, political structures, and how to build a fairer, more just, peaceful, and benevolent society. As the risks are real and the threats are mounting, sections cover how AI could empower autocrats, disrupt economies, and undermine human agency while also highlighting how AI could also be our greatest tool for wisdom, fairness, and progress—if governed with foresight and courage.

  • The Governance of Artificial Intelligence

    • 1st Edition
    • Tshilidzi Marwala
    • English
    The Governance of Artificial Intelligence provides an essential approach to AI governance, including proactive and comprehensive strategies that efficiently balance innovation and ethical concerns. The book prioritizes social welfare and upholds human rights by maximizing the benefits of AI while reducing its negative aspects. Sections address the principles that govern artificial intelligence, data-related topics, AI algorithms, the issue of computing, applications, and AI governance. Throughout each section, the idea that it is essential to implement a versatile governance structure that incorporates several fields of study and encourages diversity is reinforced. Additionally, utilizing existing regulatory frameworks, ethical standards, and industry benchmarks is essential. Moreover, the book maintains that it is crucial to integrate cooperation between governments, economic organizations, civil society, and the academic community under a multi-stakeholder framework to promote transparency, accountability, and public trust in AI systems. Because of the fast pace of technological progress, the opaqueness of AI algorithms, worries about bias and impartiality, the requirement for accountability in AI-based decisions, and the global nature of AI development and deployment, it is imperative to cultivate global cooperation in regulating AI as its impacts extend beyond national boundaries. AI governance involves establishing worldwide norms and standards that encourage coordinating governance efforts while recognizing cultural and geographical differences.

  • Edge Intelligence

    Advanced Deep Transfer Learning for IoT Security
    • 1st Edition
    • Jawad Ahmad + 5 more
    • English
    Edge Intelligence: Advanced Deep Transfer Learning for IoT Security presents a comprehensive exploration into the critical intersection of cybersecurity, edge computing, and deep learning, offering practitioners, researchers, and cybersecurity professionals a definitive guide to protect IoT/IIoT systems. This book delves into the synergistic potential of edge computing and advanced machine/deep learning algorithms, providing insights into lightweight and resource-efficient models with a special focus on resource-constrained edge devices. The rapidly evolving nature of cyberattacks underscores the need for updated and integrated resources that address the intersection of cybersecurity, edge computing, and deep learning. The authors address this issue by offering practical insights, lightweight models, and proactive defense mechanisms tailored to the unique challenges of securing edge devices and networks. This book is not only written to provide its audience effective strategies to detect and mitigate network intrusions by leveraging edge intelligence and advanced deep transfer learning techniques but also to provide practical insights and implementation guidelines tailored to resource-constrained edge devices.

  • Learning-Driven Game Theory for AI

    Concepts, Models, and Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • Mehdi Salimi + 1 more
    • English
    Learning-Driven Game Theory for AI: Concepts, Models, and Applications offers in-depth coverage of recent methodological and conceptual advancements in various disciplines of Dynamic Games, namely differential and discrete-time dynamic games, evolutionary games, repeated and stochastic games, and their applications in a variety of fields, such as computer science, biology, economics, and management science. In this book, the authors bridge the gap between traditional game theory and its modern applications in artificial intelligence (AI) and related technological fields. The dynamic nature of contemporary problems in robotics, cybersecurity, machine learning, and multi-agent systems requires game-theoretic solutions that go beyond classical methods. The book delves into the rapidly growing intersection of pursuit differential games and AI, focusing on how these advanced game-theoretic models can be applied to modern AI systems, making it an indispensable resource for both academics and professionals. The book also provides a variety of applications demonstrating the practical integration of AI and game theory across various disciplines, such as autonomous systems, federated learning, and distributed decision-making frameworks. The book also explores the use of game theory in reinforcement learning, swarm intelligence, multi-agent coordination, and cybersecurity. These are critical areas where AI and dynamic games converge. Each chapter covers a different facet of dynamic games, offering readers a comprehensive yet focused exploration of topics such as differential and discrete-time games, evolutionary dynamics, and repeated and stochastic games. The absence of static games ensures a concentrated focus on the dynamic, evolving problems that are most relevant today.

  • IoT Security

    Fundamentals and Key Enabling Technologies
    • 1st Edition
    • SK Hafizul Islam + 3 more
    • English
    IoT Security: Fundamentals and Key Enabling Technologies explores the complex interactions between Internet of Things (IoT) and the pressing need for effective cyber security solutions. Diving into real-world case studies to provide insights into implementing efficient security measures that safeguard against online dangers, this book comprehensively analyzes the challenges and possibilities presented by intelligent technologies fueling transformational change, emphasizing the crucial role cybersecurity plays in defending networks, data, and user privacy in an increasingly interconnected digital ecosystem.Coverage includes cryptographic methods, communication networks, device identity and access, data governance and privacy, as well as regulatory frameworks and standards for IoT security. Computer science researchers and engineers will benefit from this compilation of cutting-edge research and practical case studies, learning how to minimize risks for IoT and intelligent technologies.

  • Quantum Computational AI

    Algorithms, Systems, and Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • Long Cheng + 2 more
    • English
    Quantum Computational AI: Algorithms, Systems, and Applications is an emerging field that bridges quantum computing and artificial intelligence. With rapid advancements in both areas, this book serves as a vital resource, capturing the latest theories, algorithms, and practical applications at their intersection. It aims to be both informative and accessible, making it perfect for academics, researchers, industry professionals, and students eager to lead in these technologies. The book explores quantum algorithms, system design, and demonstrates real-world applications across various sectors. It provides a comprehensive understanding of how quantum principles can advance AI, revealing unprecedented possibilities and benefits.

  • Edge Artificial Intelligence

    Algorithms, Applications, Challenges and Ethical Issues
    • 1st Edition
    • Parikshit Narendra Mahalle + 3 more
    • English
    Edge Artificial Intelligence: Algorithms, Applications, Challenges and Ethical Issues introduces the essentials of Edge AI and machine learning. It delves into the architecture, algorithms, and applications of Edge AI, offering insights into regulation and governance. Real-world case studies and practical examples are included, providing readers with the knowledge and tools to harness the transformative power of Edge AI. This book also addresses the ethical considerations and regulatory aspects of deploying AI at the edge.In addition to offering a clear understanding of real-time decision-making, enhanced privacy, and efficient applications, this book empowers both technical and nontechnical readers by providing practical insights, case studies, and ethical considerations. It helps users implement and govern Edge AI in a responsible and effective manner.

  • Edge Intelligence in Cyber-Physical Systems

    Foundations and Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • Wei Yu
    • English
    Edge Intelligence in Cyber-Physical Systems: Foundations and Applications provides a comprehensive overview of best practices for building edge intelligence into cyber-physical systems. This book covers the foundations and applications of synergizing machine learning at the edge of CPS, leveraging an edge computing infrastructure. Divided into four parts, the first section of the book reviews the foundations, principles, and representative application domains of CPS. The second part covers machine learning, edge computing, and their needs in CPS, defining edge intelligence and its principles, challenges, and research directions. The third part presents tutorials and foundational research works on realizing edge intelligence in representative CPS. The fourth part explores the problem space of threats and countermeasures in building edge intelligence into CPS. Researchers, graduate students and professionals in computer science, data science, and electrical engineering will find this to be a valuable resource on the principles and applications of edge intelligence in cyber-physical systems as well as the development of interdisciplinary techniques to advance the field.

  • Advanced Machine Learning for Cyber-Attack Detection in IoT Networks

    • 1st Edition
    • Dinh Thai Hoang + 3 more
    • English
    Advanced Machine Learning for Cyber-Attack Detection in IoT Networks analyzes diverse machine learning techniques, including supervised, unsupervised, reinforcement, and deep learning, along with their applications in detecting and preventing cyberattacks in future IoT systems. Chapters investigate the key challenges and vulnerabilities found in IoT security, how to handle challenges in data collection and pre-processing specific to IoT environments, as well as what metrics to consider for evaluating the performance of machine learning models. Other sections look at the training, validation, and evaluation of supervised learning models and present case studies and examples that demonstrate the application of supervised learning in IoT security.

  • Deep Learning in Action: Image and Video Processing for Practical Use

    • 1st Edition
    • Abdussalam Elhanashi + 1 more
    • English
    Artificial intelligence technology has entered an extraordinary phase of fast development and wide application. The techniques developed in traditional AI research areas, such as computer vision and object recognition, have found many innovative applications in an array of real-world settings. The general methodological contributions from AI, such as a variety of recently developed deep learning algorithms, have also been applied to a wide spectrum of fields such as surveillance applications, real-time processing, IoT devices, and health care systems. The state-of-the-art and deep learning models have wider applicability and are highly efficient. Deep Learning in Action: Image and Video Processing for Practical Use provides a comprehensive and accessible resource for both intermediate to advanced readers seeking to harness the power of deep learning in the domains of video and image processing. The book bridges the gap between theoretical concepts and practical implementation by emphasizing lightweight approaches, enabling readers to efficiently apply deep learning techniques to real-world scenarios. It focuses on resource-efficient methods, making it particularly relevant in contexts where computational constraints are a concern.

  • Artificial Neural Networks and Type-2 Fuzzy Set

    Elements of Soft Computing and Its Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • Snehashish Chakraverty + 2 more
    • English
    Soft computing is an emerging discipline which aims to exploit tolerance for imprecision, approximate reasoning, and uncertainty to achieve robustness, tractability, and cost effectiveness for building intelligent machines. Soft computing methodologies include neural networks, fuzzy sets, genetic algorithms, Bayesian networks, and rough sets, among others. In this regard, neural networks are widely used for modeling dynamic solvers, classification of data, and prediction of solutions, whereas fuzzy sets provide a natural framework for dealing with uncertainty. Artificial Neural Networks and Type-2 Fuzzy Set: Elements of Soft Computing and Its Applications covers the fundamental concepts and the latest research on variants of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), including scientific machine learning and Type-2 Fuzzy Set (T2FS). In addition, the book also covers different applications for solving real-world problems along with various examples and case studies. It may be noted that quite a bit of research has been done on ANN and Fuzzy Set theory/ Fuzzy logic. However, Artificial Neural Networks and Type-2 Fuzzy Set is the first book to cover the use of ANN and fuzzy set theory with regards to Type-2 Fuzzy Set in static and dynamic problems in one place. Artificial Neural Networks and Type-2 Fuzzy Sets are two of the most widely used computational intelligence techniques for solving complex problems in various domains. Both ANN and T2FS have unique characteristics that make them suitable for different types of problems. This book provides the reader with in-depth understanding of how to apply these computational intelligence techniques in various fields of science and engineering in general and static and dynamic problems in particular. Further, for validation purposes of the ANN and fuzzy models, the obtained solutions of each model in the book is compared with already existing solutions that have been obtained with numerical or analytical methods.

  • Dimensionality Reduction in Machine Learning

    • 1st Edition
    • Jamal Amani Rad + 2 more
    • English
    Dimensionality Reduction in Machine Learning covers both the mathematical and programming sides of dimension reduction algorithms, comparing them in various aspects. Part One provides an introduction to Machine Learning and the Data Life Cycle, with chapters covering the basic concepts of Machine Learning, essential mathematics for Machine Learning, and the methods and concepts of Feature Selection. Part Two covers Linear Methods for Dimension Reduction, with chapters on Principal Component Analysis and Linear Discriminant Analysis. Part Three covers Non-Linear Methods for Dimension Reduction, with chapters on Linear Local Embedding, Multi-dimensional Scaling, and t-distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding.Finally, Part Four covers Deep Learning Methods for Dimension Reduction, with chapters on Feature Extraction and Deep Learning, Autoencoders, and Dimensionality reduction in deep learning through group actions. With this stepwise structure and the applied code examples, readers become able to apply dimension reduction algorithms to different types of data, including tabular, text, and image data.

  • Data Mining

    Practical Machine Learning Tools and Techniques
    • 5th Edition
    • Ian H. Witten + 4 more
    • English
    **2026 Textbook and Academic Authors Association (TAA) Textbook Excellence "Texty" Award Winner**Data Mining: Practical Machine Learning Tools and Techniques, Fifth Edition, offers a thorough grounding in machine learning concepts, along with practical advice on applying these tools and techniques in real-world data mining situations. This highly anticipated new edition of the most acclaimed work on data mining and machine learning teaches readers everything they need to know to get going, from preparing inputs, interpreting outputs, evaluating results, to the algorithmic methods at the heart of successful data mining approaches.Extensive updates reflect the technical changes and modernizations that have taken place in the field since the last edition, including more recent deep learning content on topics such as generative AI (GANs, VAEs, diffusion models), large language models (transformers, BERT and GPT models), and adversarial examples, as well as a comprehensive treatment of ethical and responsible artificial intelligence topics. Authors Ian H. Witten, Eibe Frank, Mark A. Hall, and Christopher J. Pal, along with new author James R. Foulds, include today’s techniques coupled with the methods at the leading edge of contemporary research

  • Machine Learning

    From the Classics to Deep Networks, Transformers, and Diffusion Models
    • 3rd Edition
    • Sergios Theodoridis
    • English
    Machine Learning: From the Classics to Deep Networks, Transformers and Diffusion Models, Third Edition starts with the basics, including least squares regression and maximum likelihood methods, Bayesian decision theory, logistic regression, and decision trees. It then progresses to more recent techniques, covering sparse modelling methods, learning in reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces and support vector machines. Bayesian learning is treated in detail with emphasis on the EM algorithm and its approximate variational versions with a focus on mixture modelling, regression and classification. Nonparametric Bayesian learning, including Gaussian, Chinese restaurant, and Indian buffet processes are also presented. Monte Carlo methods, particle filtering, probabilistic graphical models with emphasis on Bayesian networks and hidden Markov models are treated in detail. Dimensionality reduction and latent variables modelling are considered in depth. Neural networks and deep learning are thoroughly presented, starting from the perceptron rule and multilayer perceptrons and moving on to convolutional and recurrent neural networks, adversarial learning, capsule networks, deep belief networks, GANs, and VAEs. The book also covers the fundamentals on statistical parameter estimation and optimization algorithms.Focusing on the physical reasoning behind the mathematics, without sacrificing rigor, all methods and techniques are explained in depth, supported by examples and problems, providing an invaluable resource to the student and researcher for understanding and applying machine learning concepts.

  • Machine Learning Models and Architectures for Biomedical Signal Processing

    • 1st Edition
    • Suman Lata Tripathi + 3 more
    • English
    Machine Learning Models and Architectures for Biomedical Signal Processing presents the fundamental concepts of machine learning techniques for bioinformatics in an interactive way. The book investigates how efficient machine and deep learning models can support high-speed processors with reconfigurable architectures like graphic processing units (GPUs), Field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or any hybrid system. This great resource will be of interest to researchers working to increase the efficiency of hardware and architecture design for biomedical signal processing and signal processing techniques.

  • Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT)

    Current and Future Trends
    • 1st Edition
    • Fadi Al-Turjman + 2 more
    • English
    Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT): Current and Future Trends brings together researchers and developers from a wide range of domains to share ideas on how to implement technical advances, create application areas for intelligent systems, and how to develop new services and smart devices connected to the Internet. Section One covers AIoT in Everything, providing a wide range of applications for AIoT methods and technologies. Section Two gives readers comprehensive guidance on AIoT in Societal Research and Development, with practical case studies of how AIoT is impacting cultures around the world. Section Three covers the impact of AIoT in educational settings.The book also covers new capabilities such as pervasive sensing, multimedia sensing, machine learning, deep learning, and computing power. These new areas come with various requirements in terms of reliability, quality of service, and energy efficiency.

  • Decision-Making Models

    A Perspective of Fuzzy Logic and Machine Learning
    • 1st Edition
    • Tofigh Allahviranloo + 2 more
    • English
    Decision Making Models: A Perspective of Fuzzy Logic and Machine Learning presents the latest developments in the field of uncertain mathematics and decision science. The book aims to deliver a systematic exposure to soft computing techniques in fuzzy mathematics as well as artificial intelligence in the context of real-life problems and is designed to address recent techniques to solving uncertain problems encountered specifically in decision sciences. Researchers, professors, software engineers, and graduate students working in the fields of applied mathematics, software engineering, and artificial intelligence will find this book useful to acquire a solid foundation in fuzzy logic and fuzzy systems.Other areas of note include optimization problems and artificial intelligence practices, as well as how to analyze IoT solutions with applications and develop decision-making mechanisms realized under uncertainty.

  • Distributed Optimization and Learning

    A Control-Theoretic Perspective
    • 1st Edition
    • Zhongguo Li + 1 more
    • English
    Distributed Optimization and Learning: A Control-Theoretic Perspective illustrates the underlying principles of distributed optimization and learning. The book presents a systematic and self-contained description of distributed optimization and learning algorithms from a control-theoretic perspective. It focuses on exploring control-theoretic approaches and how those approaches can be utilized to solve distributed optimization and learning problems over network-connected, multi-agent systems. As there are strong links between optimization and learning, this book provides a unified platform for understanding distributed optimization and learning algorithms for different purposes.

  • Performance Enhancement and Control of Photovoltaic Systems

    • 1st Edition
    • Saad Motahhir + 1 more
    • English
    Performance Enhancement and Control of Photovoltaic Systems brings together the latest advances in photovoltaic control and integration, with various embedded technologies applied to standalone and grid connected systems in normal and abnormal operating conditions, with new approaches intended to overcome a number of critical limitations in using PV technology. The book begins by introducing modern photovoltaic (PV) systems, system integration, materials, and thermodynamic analysis for improved performance, before examining applications in industrial processes, artificial neural network technology, and economic analysis of PV systems.In-depth chapters then demonstrate the use of advanced control and optimization techniques, covering the use of new embedded technologies, through different applications such as MPPT controllers, solar trackers, cleaning systems, cooling systems, and monitoring systems. Applications of photovoltaic energy systems in distributed generation, microgrid, and smart grid systems will be considered.

  • Intelligent Evolutionary Optimization

    • 1st Edition
    • Hua Xu + 1 more
    • English
    Intelligent Evolutionary Optimization introduces biologically-inspire... intelligent optimization algorithms to address complex optimization problems and provide practical solutions for tackling combinatorial optimization problems. The book explores efficient search and optimization methods in high-dimensional spaces, particularly for high-dimensional multi-objective optimization problems, offering practical guidance and effective solutions across various domains. Providing practical solutions, methods, and tools to tackle complex optimization problems and enhance modern optimization techniques, this book will be a valuable resource for professionals seeking to enhance their understanding and proficiency in intelligent evolutionary optimization.

  • Federated Learning

    Theory and Practice
    • 1st Edition
    • Lam M. Nguyen + 2 more
    • English
    Federated Learning: Theory and Practi ce provides a holisti c treatment to federated learning as a distributed learning system with various forms of decentralized data and features. Part I of the book begins with a broad overview of opti mizati on fundamentals and modeling challenges, covering various aspects of communicati on effi ciency, theoretical convergence, and security. Part II featuresemerging challenges stemming from many socially driven concerns of federated learning as a future public machine learning service. Part III concludes the book with a wide array of industrial applicati ons of federated learning, as well as ethical considerations, showcasing its immense potential for driving innovation while safeguarding sensitive data.Federated Learning: Theory and Practi ce provides a comprehensive and accessible introducti on to federated learning which is suitable for researchers and students in academia, and industrial practitioners who seek to leverage the latest advance in machine learning for their entrepreneurial endeavors.

  • Trolley Crash

    Approaching Key Metrics for Ethical AI Practitioners, Researchers, and Policy Makers
    • 1st Edition
    • Peggy Wu + 3 more
    • English
    The prolific deployment of Artificial Intelligence (AI) across different fields has introduced novel challenges for AI developers and researchers. AI is permeating decision making for the masses, and its applications range from self-driving automobiles to financial loan approvals. With AI making decisions that have ethical implications, responsibilities are now being pushed to AI designers who may be far-removed from how, where, and when these ethical decisions occur.Trolley Crash: Approaching Key Metrics for Ethical AI Practitioners, Researchers, and Policy Makers provides audiences with a catalogue of perspectives and methodologies from the latest research in ethical computing. This work integrates philosophical and computational approaches into a unified framework for ethical reasoning in the current AI landscape, specifically focusing on approaches for developing metrics. Written for AI researchers, ethicists, computer scientists, software engineers, operations researchers, and autonomous systems designers and developers, Trolley Crash will be a welcome reference for those who wish to better understand metrics for ethical reasoning in autonomous systems and related computational applications.

  • Computational Intelligence Methods for Sentiment Analysis in Natural Language Processing Applications

    • 1st Edition
    • D. Jude Hemanth
    • English
    Computational Intelligence for Sentiment Analysis in Natural Language Processing Applications provides a solution to this problem through detailed technical coverage of AI-based Sentiment Analysis methods for various applications. The book's authors provide readers with an in-depth look at the challenges and associated solutions, including case studies and real-world scenarios from across the globe. Development of scientific and enterprise applications are covered that will aid computer scientists in building practical/real-world AI-based Sentiment Analysis systems. With the vast increase in Big Data, computational intelligence approaches have become a necessity for Natural Language Processing and Sentiment Analysis in a wide range of decision-making application areas.

  • Metaheuristics Algorithms for Medical Applications

    Methods and Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • Mohamed Abdel-Basset + 2 more
    • English
    Metaheuristics Algorithms for Medical Applications: Methods and Applications provides readers with the most complete reference for developing metaheuristics techniques with machine learning for solving biomedical problems. This book is organized to present a stepwise progression beginning with the basics of metaheuristics, leading into methods and practices, and concluding with advanced topics. The first section of this book presents the fundamental concepts of metaheuristics and machine learning and provides a comprehensive taxonomic view of metaheuristics methods according to a variety of criteria such as data type, scope, and method. The second section of this book explains how to apply metaheuristics techniques for solving large-scale biomedical problems, including analysis and validation under different strategies. The final portion of the book focuses on advanced topics in metaheuristics in four different applications. Readers will discover a variety of new methods, approaches, and techniques, as well as a wide range of applications demonstrating key concepts in metaheuristics for biomedical science. This book provides a leading-edge resource for researchers in a variety of scientific fields who are interested in metaheuristics, including mathematics, biomedical engineering, computer science, biological sciences, and clinicians in medical practice.

  • Advances in Digitalization and Machine Learning for Integrated Building-Transportation Energy Systems

    • 1st Edition
    • Yuekuan Zhou + 3 more
    • English
    Advances in Digitalization and Machine Learning for Integrated Building-Transportat... Energy Systems examines the combined impact of buildings and transportation systems on energy demand and use. With a strong focus on AI and machine learning approaches, the book comprehensively discusses each part of the energy lifecycle, considering source, grid, demand, storage, and usage. Opening with an introduction to smart buildings and intelligent transportation systems, the book presents the fundamentals of AI and its application in renewable energy sources, alongside the latest technological advances. Other topics presented include building occupants’ behavior and vehicle driving schedule with demand prediction and analysis, hybrid energy storages in buildings with AI, smart grid with energy digitalization, and prosumer-based P2P energy trading. The book concludes with discussions on blockchain technologies, IoT in smart grid operation, and the application of big data and cloud computing in integrated smart building-transportat... energy systems. This title provides critical information to students, researchers, and engineers wanting to understand, design, and implement flexible energy systems to meet the rising demand in electricity.

  • Energy Management in Homes and Residential Microgrids

    Short-Term Scheduling and Long-Term Planning
    • 1st Edition
    • Reza Hemmati
    • English
    Energy Management in Homes and Residential Microgrids: Short-Term Scheduling and Long-Term Planning provides an in-depth exploration of Home Energy Management Systems (HEMS), with a focus on practical applications for both short- and long-term models. Through this guide, readers will learn how to create efficient systems that facilitate the integration of renewable energy into the grid and simultaneously manage end-users' energy consumption. The short-term operation of Home Energy Management Systems is analyzed through various lenses, including renewable energy integration, energy storage integration, uncertainty in parameters, off-grid operation, outages and events, resilience, electric vehicle integration, and battery swapping strategy.The modelling of these topics is explained with step-by-step instructions, and the parameters and implications are thoroughly discussed. Additionally, the book offers insight into the long-term expansion planning for residential microgrids, providing a detailed examination of dynamic modeling, control, and stability of these small-scale energy systems. Throughout the book, simple and advanced examples are provided, and each example comes with numerical data, detailed formulation, modelling, and simulation.

  • Machine Learning for Biomedical Applications

    With Scikit-Learn and PyTorch
    • 1st Edition
    • Maria Deprez + 1 more
    • English
    Machine Learning for Biomedical Applications: With Scikit-Learn and PyTorch presents machine learning techniques most commonly used in a biomedical setting. Avoiding a theoretical perspective, it provides a practical and interactive way of learning where concepts are presented in short descriptions followed by simple examples using biomedical data. Interactive Python notebooks are provided with each chapter to complement the text and aid understanding. Sections cover uses in biomedical applications, practical Python coding skills, mathematical tools that underpin the field, core machine learning methods, deep learning concepts with examples in Keras, and much more. This accessible and interactive introduction to machine learning and data analysis skills is suitable for undergraduates and postgraduates in biomedical engineering, computer science, the biomedical sciences and clinicians.

  • Hamiltonian Monte Carlo Methods in Machine Learning

    • 1st Edition
    • Tshilidzi Marwala + 2 more
    • English
    Hamiltonian Monte Carlo Methods in Machine Learning introduces methods for optimal tuning of HMC parameters, along with an introduction of Shadow and Non-canonical HMC methods with improvements and speedup. Lastly, the authors address the critical issues of variance reduction for parameter estimates of numerous HMC based samplers. The book offers a comprehensive introduction to Hamiltonian Monte Carlo methods and provides a cutting-edge exposition of the current pathologies of HMC-based methods in both tuning, scaling and sampling complex real-world posteriors. These are mainly in the scaling of inference (e.g., Deep Neural Networks), tuning of performance-sensitiv... sampling parameters and high sample autocorrelation. Other sections provide numerous solutions to potential pitfalls, presenting advanced HMC methods with applications in renewable energy, finance and image classification for biomedical applications. Readers will get acquainted with both HMC sampling theory and algorithm implementation.

  • Data Science, Analytics and Machine Learning with R

    • 1st Edition
    • Luiz Paulo Favero + 2 more
    • English
    Data Science, Analytics and Machine Learning with R explains the principles of data mining and machine learning techniques and accentuates the importance of applied and multivariate modeling. The book emphasizes the fundamentals of each technique, with step-by-step codes and real-world examples with data from areas such as medicine and health, biology, engineering, technology and related sciences. Examples use the most recent R language syntax, with recognized robust, widespread and current packages. Code scripts are exhaustively commented, making it clear to readers what happens in each command. For data collection, readers are instructed how to build their own robots from the very beginning. In addition, an entire chapter focuses on the concept of spatial analysis, allowing readers to build their own maps through geo-referenced data (such as in epidemiologic research) and some basic statistical techniques. Other chapters cover ensemble and uplift modeling and GLMM (Generalized Linear Mixed Models) estimations, both linear and nonlinear.

  • Statistical Modeling in Machine Learning

    Concepts and Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • Tilottama Goswami + 1 more
    • English
    Statistical Modeling in Machine Learning: Concepts and Applications presents the basic concepts and roles of statistics, exploratory data analysis and machine learning. The various aspects of Machine Learning are discussed along with basics of statistics. Concepts are presented with simple examples and graphical representation for better understanding of techniques. This book takes a holistic approach – putting key concepts together with an in-depth treatise on multi-disciplinary applications of machine learning. New case studies and research problem statements are discussed, which will help researchers in their application areas based on the concepts of statistics and machine learning. Statistical Modeling in Machine Learning: Concepts and Applications will help statisticians, machine learning practitioners and programmers solving various tasks such as classification, regression, clustering, forecasting, recommending and more.

  • Digital Image Enhancement and Reconstruction

    • 1st Edition
    • Shyam Singh Rajput + 3 more
    • English
    Digital Image Enhancement and Reconstruction: Techniques and Applications explores different concepts and techniques used for the enhancement as well as reconstruction of low-quality images. Most real-life applications require good quality images to gain maximum performance, however, the quality of the images captured in real-world scenarios is often very unsatisfactory. Most commonly, images are noisy, blurry, hazy, tiny, and hence need to pass through image enhancement and/or reconstruction algorithms before they can be processed by image analysis applications. This book comprehensively explores application-specific enhancement and reconstruction techniques including satellite image enhancement, face hallucination, low-resolution face recognition, medical image enhancement and reconstruction, reconstruction of underwater images, text image enhancement, biometrics, etc. Chapters will present a detailed discussion of the challenges faced in handling each particular kind of image, analysis of the best available solutions, and an exploration of applications and future directions. The book provides readers with a deep dive into denoising, dehazing, super-resolution, and use of soft computing across a range of engineering applications.